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NATIONAL AND GLOBAL
NEWS AGENCIES
Presented to: Mr Ramzan Azhar
By :Muhammad Zamir Assadi
MS 1 IIUI Fall Semester 2014
News Agency
A news agency is an organization of
journalists established to supply News
reports to news organizations: News
papers, magazines and radio and
television. Such an agency may also be
referred to as a wire service, newswire,
or news service.
Prominent News wires
Agency France Press
Associated Press
Reuters
United Press International
Associated Press of Pakistan
History
The oldest news agency is AFP. It was founded in 1835 by Charles-Louis Havas as Agence Havas.
Two of his employees, Paul Julius Reuter and Bernhard Wolff, later set up rival news agencies in London and Berlin respectively in 1848.
Cont…
The establishment of the news agencies was the most important development in the newspaper industry altering the process of news dissemination, nationally and internationally in the 1st half of 19th century
Growth of the newspapers was on rise as rapid flow of information became possible with the help of news agencies
AFP www.afp.com
Headquarter in Paris
President and CEO Emmanuel Hoog
Employees 3,760
In1852 signed agreements with Reuter
and Wolff
Exclusive reporting zone in different parts
of
Europe for coverage and business
interests
In 1940, when German forces occupied
France during the 2nd World War, the news
agency was taken over by the authorities and
renamed "Office Français d'Information“
On August 20, 1944, as Allied forces moved on
Paris the resistant French journalists again
captured agency
Major News floated was the death of the
Soviet dictator Joseph Stalin on March 6, 1953
Telegraph first used 1845
The Agency starts to use electrical telegraphs, an invention which enables it to expand
Soon it is better and faster informed of what is going on in the world
In response to the Crimean war (1854-1856) it extends its European network all the way to Saint Petersburg and the Bosphorus
AFP in numbers
News teams
1,500 journalists relaying news 24 hours per
day
200 bureaus throughout the world, covering
150 countries
2,260 members of staff covering the whole
world
80 different nationalities
A day in the life of the AFP
5.000 stories, 1.250 as illustrated articles
3.000 photos
200 videos
100 graphics and video graphics
In 6 languages: French, English, German,
Arabic, Spanish, Portuguese.
En 6 langues : français, anglais, allemand,
arabe, espagnol, portugais.
Prize & awards
Philippine journalist receives AFP Kate Webb Prize 17 Oct 2014
Reporter from Philippines wins AFP's Kate Webb Prize 7 Jul 2014
AFP photographer Pedro Armestre picks up eight prizes in 2014 25 Apr 2014
Statutes
AFP is administered by a CEO and a board comprising 15 members:
Eight representatives of the French press
Two representatives of the AFP personnel
Two representatives of the government-owned radio and television
Three representatives of the government
One is named by the prime minister, another by the minister of finance, and a third by the minister of foreign affairs
AP www.ap.org
Created in 1846
President & CEO Gary B. Pruitt
Five New York City newspapers got together to
fund a pony express route through Alabama in
order to bring news of the Mexican War north
more quickly than the U.S. Post Office could
deliver it
30 AP journalists have given their lives in this
pursuit of the news
Delivered news by pigeon, pony express, railroad,
steamship, telegraph and teletype in the early
years
1935, AP began sending photographs by wire
A radio network was formed in 1973
International video division was added in
1994,the biggest in the world now
AP Products
Major News stories
Bombing of Pearl Harbor
Fall of the shah of Iran
Death of Pope John Paul
Ajmal Kasaab is Pakistani citizen
Drone strikes in Pakistan
AP Awards
From the year 1922 huge number of journalists
have won prestigious media awards including
Pulitzers award
AP on map
News floated by AP published by
More than 1,700 newspapers
More than 5,001 television and radio
broadcasters.
The photograph library of the AP consists of
over 10 million images.
The Associated Press operates 243 news
bureaus, and it serves at least 120 countries,
with an international staff located all over the
world.
Reuters www.reuters.com
1851 by Paul Julius Reuter in Britain at the
London Royal Exchange
The company initially covered commercial
news, serving banks, brokerage houses and
business firms
The first newspaper client to subscribe was
the London Morning Advertiser in 1858
First to report Assassination of Abraham
Lincoln
Reuters operates in more than 200 cities in 94
countries in about 20 languages
Fatalities
Policy of objective language
Reuters has a strict policy towards upholding journalistic objectivity
This policy has caused comment on the possible insensitivity of its non-use of the word terrorist in reports, including the 11 September attacks
Reuters has been careful to only use the word terrorist in quotes, whether quotations or scare quotes
Reuters global news editor Stephen Jukes wrote, "We all know that one man's terrorist is another man's freedom fighter, and that Reuters upholds the principle that we do not use the word terrorist."
Services
International News Services
Business and Financial News Services
Political News Services
Regional News Services
Health News Services
Sports News Services
Entertainment News Services
Broadcast Video
Newswires
Online News Services
Pictures Services
News Graphics
Professional News Products Professional News Solutions
Awards & Recognition
World's Most Admired Companies 2009-2014
Human Rights Campaign 2013-2014
World’s Most Ethical Companies 2009-2014
Top 100 Employers in Canada 2008-2015
Pulitzer Prize for International Reporting 2014
Overseas Press Club Awards 2014
American Business Awards 2014
Society of Publishers in Asia Awards 2014
Reuters On Map
America
Europe
Middle East & Africa
Asia Pacific
South Asia
UPI www.upi.com
Formally named "United Press
Associations" for incorporation and legal
purposes, but publicly known and identified
as United Press or UP, it was created in 1907
uniting of three smaller news syndicates by the
Midwest newspaper publisher E. W. Scripps
In 1958 it became United Press International after
absorbing the International News Service (INS).
As either UP or UPI, the agency was among the
largest newswire services in the world, competing
domestically for about 90 years
UPI Work force
At its peak, UPI had more than 2,000 full-time employees
200 news bureaus in 92 countries
It had more than 6,000 media subscribers
With the rising popularity of television news, the business of UPI began to decline as the circulation of afternoon newspapers, its chief client category, began to fall.
Its decline accelerated after the 1982 sale of UPI by the Scripps company
Chain of command
UPI has changed ownership several times
With each change in ownership came deeper service and staff cutbacks and changes of focus and a corresponding shrinkage of its traditional media customer base
In 2000, UPI was purchased by News World Communications, an international news media company which was founded in 1976 by Unification Church leader Sun Myung Moon
Services
News For Print and Electronic Media
Videos
Audio
Documentaries
Web Contents
Special Reports
Photographs
Web Contents
Associated Press Of Pakistan
APP was founded in started its life in 1947
Initially it was running through a Trust but owing tofinancial crunch, it was taken over by theGovernment through an Ordinance called;"Associated Press of Pakistan (taking over)Ordinance 1961", on 15th June 1961, to put it on asound
financial footing
APP was later converted into Corporation onOctober 19, 2002 through an Ordinancerenaming it as Associated Press of PakistanCorporation (APPC) and lending a status ofsemi government media government
Key Highlights
Urdu, Pashtoo, Sindhi, Balochi/Brahavi,
Saraiki,Arabic
District based network
Textual news feed, Videos, Audio,
Documentaries, Web Contents, Special Reports
International correspondents are based in
Washington, New York, London, Beijing and
New Delhi
National, world, sports, Business, Forex ,
weather
Other Prominent national and
international news wires
Press Trust of India
Xinhua
Kyodo News
Online News Agency
Independent News Pakistan
Pakistan Press International
News Network International
Constructing and dismantling the global
news agencies
Development of News agencies Era
The hegemony of European News cartel 1870-
1917
The dissolution of European news cartel 1918-
1934
The hegemony of Big five 1940-1980
The dissolution of Big five 1980…..
The hegemony of European News cartel 1870-
1917
French Havas, German Wolf and British Reuters
Signed cartel agreement for dividing world’s news
market
Reuters had a vast market following British
imperialism
Japan, Argentine and Canadian agencies also
stepped in but faced tough time from cartel
AP joined cartel in 1927
UPI tried and achieved early success by signing
agreements with small scale agencies in different
parts
The dissolution of European news cartel 1918-
1934
AP & UPI expanded in South America
German Wolf lost position due to WW1 from
news cartel in 1934
Reuters faced financial issues
Japanese and Soviet agency also played the
role in dissolution
National agencies were free to make
agreements with any global which they liked
The hegemony of Big five 1940-1980
US agencies captured European news market
which were devastated by WWs
AFP again stabilized itself by commitment in
the world of news
Soviet TAAS enhanced operations in eastern
Europe including Middle east, Africa and Asia
Reuters pioneered the digitization of economic
and financial news services
The dissolution of Big five 1980
Post-NWICO era
Processes of conglomeration was the reason
of diminution of UPI
Collapse of Communism brought relative
demise of Tass
Some major agencies survived following vast
coverage area and efficient work
The Big Three
Only AP, AFP and Reuters survived from many
decades
Reuters served mostly for providing financial
news
AP served domestic and international markets
equally with the challenge of UPI
AFP survived following government’s support
Conclusion
News agencies are the oldest media since
1835 existing in the modern world . Sources of
funding have been undermined reductions in
state subsidy, reduction in aid from NGOs, the
cooling of loyalty of media groups that have
set up independent news gathering networks
where these now have sufficient local resource
to meet their own requirements. Governments
and other NGOs should support agencies for
keeping them on track
References
http://www.afp.com/
http://news.yahoo.com/us-bombs-al-qaeda-offshoot-khorasan-third-time-233406321.html
http://www.dawn.com/news/856680/ajmal-s-nationality-confirmed
http://www.apstudios.net/videos/
http://video.ap.org/
http://www.ap.org/products-services/radio
http://newint.org/features/1981/06/01/four/
http://www.communicationencyclopedia.com/public/tocnode?id=g9781405131995_chunk_g978140513199519_ss16-1#
http://www.onlinenews.com.pk/ www.upi.com
www.reuters.com
http://www.directessays.com/viewpaper-student/84264.html