National Brief Report on the Status of

Implementation of the Istanbul Programme of Action for

Least Developed Countries

For the Decade 2011-2020

Dr.Than Htut ,

Deputy Director-General , Foreign Economic Relations Department,

Ministry of National Planning and Economic DevelopmentThe Government of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar

Content

I. General Introduction of IPOA

II. Country Situation

III. Vision, Short and Long-term Goals of Myanmar

IV. Government Reforms

V. The Status of Implementation of the Istanbul

Programme of Action (IPOA) in Myanmar

I. General Introduction of IPOA

�Goal

“to overcome the structural challenges faced by the least

developed countries in order to eradicate poverty, achieve

internationally agreed development goals and enable

graduation from the least developed country category’’

�Aim

“to enable for halving the number of LDCs to meet the

criteria for graduation by 2020”

II. Country Situation

� situated in South East Asia

09˚32' and 28˚31' (north latitude)

09˚10' and 101˚11'(east longitude)

� the total area of Myanmar: 261,228 square miles

(676,577 square kilometers)

� the population : 57.5 million (in 2007)

28.5 million( males), 28.9 million (females)

31 % (urban areas) , 69 % (rural areas )

III. Vision, Short and Long-term Goals of Myanmar

Vision� To become a modern developed nation that meets the aspirations of

its people for a better life � To achieve greater integration with the international community by

2020

Short & Long-term Goals� Full implementation of economic integration with ASEAN in

accordance with its AEC 2015 schedules� Achievement of MDGs and other human development objectives by

2015� Graduation from LDCs and moving to a knowledge-based economy;

comparisons with other countries to establish a feasible target of 2020

IV. Government Reform

� the new government ,30-3-2011.

� governance, clean government and democratic practices,

etc.

� political reform ,economic and social reforms and public

administrative reforms

a.sustaining agricultural development towards industrialization and all round development

b.balanced and proportionate growth across states and divisions

c. inclusive growth for entire population

d. quality of statistics /systems

The objectives of four national economic policy

V. The Status of Implementation of the Istanbul Programme of Action (IPOA) in Myanmar

• Productive capacity

National Comprehensive Development Plan (NCDP)

(2011-2031)

- to accelerate growth, achieve equitable and balanced

development

- to reduce socio-economic development gap between

rural and urban areas

• Productive capacity

- To deliver comprehensive energy access for

- socio-economic development of people

- fuel the engines of commerce and industry

- Myanmar’s energy architecture is pivotal to its

transformation

• Productive capacity

- To deliver comprehensive energy access for

- socio-economic development of people

- fuel the engines of commerce and industry

- Myanmar’s energy architecture is pivotal to its

transformation

• Agriculture, food security and rural development

- Objectives

- prior to fulfill the needs of local consumption,

- export of more surplus of agricultural products

for the increase of foreign exchange earnings

- assistance to rural development through

agricultural development

• Trade

- export policy

- to penetrate into the global market by using our

existing natural and human resources

- to produce value added products more than

normal export items.

- import policy

- priority import the capital goods, construction

materials, other essential goods, hygienic

materials for people’s health, supporting

products for export promotion and support the

import substitute production

• Commodities

- export commodity

- animal products, marine products, mining

products, forestry products and finished industry

products

- import commodities

- investment materials, raw materials and

commodities

• Human and social development

- MDGs are covered the National Development Plans

and achievements of MDGs reflect many priority areas

of IPOA

The Millennium Development Goals

� Goal 1: Eradicate Extreme Poverty and Hunger - poverty rate : decreased from 32% in 2004-2005 to 26% in

2009-2010

- reduced by 16% by 2015

- need to reduce poverty rate 2% annually

� Goal 2: Achieve universal primary education

- primary education : 2005 to 2010, net enrollment ratio

increased from 84.7 % to 87.7 %

- literacy rate: 1990 to 2010 , increase of about 14.9 % .

- 80.9% in 1990

- - 95.8 % in 2010

The Millennium Development Goals

� Goal 3: Promote gender equality and empower women

� Goal 4: Reduce Child Mortality

- U-5MR : In 2000 , 84 per 1,000 live births

In 2011 , 62 per 1,000 live births

- Infant motility rate (IMR) : In 2000 , 77 per 1,000 live births

In 2011 , 48 per 1,000 live births

The Millennium Development Goals

� Goal 5: Improve Maternal Health

- MMR : In 1990 , 520 per 100,000 live births

In 2010200 (120-330) per 100,000 live births

� Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria & Other Diseases

- HIV/AIDS :

- The prevalence among pregnant women aged 15-24 years :

decreased from 2.8 % in 2000 to 0.8% in 2010

- Malaria:

- morbidity rate : decreased 13/ 1000 in 2003 to 10.7/1,000 in

2008

- mortality rate : declined from 4.5/100,000 in 2003 to

1.8/100,000 population in 2008

The Millennium Development Goals

� Goal 7: Ensure environmental sustainability

- Myanmar Forest Policy, 30 per cent of the total land area of

the country will be gazetted as reserved and protected public

forests.

- The 10-Year Rural Water Supply Plan (2000/01-2009/2010) is

being carried out.

� Goal 8: Develop a global partnership for development

- regional and sub regional cooperation initiatives

- ASEAN, GMS, BIMSTEC and ACMECS.

- UNDP, UNICEF, FAO, WHO, UNFPA, WFP and other

development partners

• Multiple crises and other emerging challenges

- Myanmar will have to move forward with improving its

hardware or infrastructure, as well as its software or

capacity

• Mobilizing financial resources for development and

capacity-building

- The new Foreign Investment Law was recently enacted

on 2nd November, 2012 , and Foreign Investment

Rules and Regulations was enacted on 31st January

2013.

- Foreign Exchange Management Law enacted in August

2012 which was repealed Foreign Exchange Regulation

Act, 1947 and Central Bank of Myanmar Law was

enacted on July 12, 2013 . The World Bank provides

technical assistance for drafting the new financial

institutions of Myanmar Law.

• Good governance at all levels

- Myanmar’s recent political reforms offer a case study in

peaceful governance transition, and the nation has passed

many new laws to strengthen land rights, set a minimum

wage and increase environmental protections, among

other policies.

- Myanmar is beginning its transformation decades after

some of its Asian neighbors mean that it can learn from

their experience.

Conclusion

�Myanmar will definitely strive to achieve the Millennium Development Goals and to meet the criteria for graduation from LDC with relentless effort and the strong will of the people.

THANK YOUTHANK YOU