Presented on: United Nation Workshop on Census

Evaluation2-6 December, 2013,

Hanoi, Vietnam

Presented by:Purushotam SubediGanesh AcharyaGovernment of Nepal

Nepal in Brief Historical Background of census in Nepal National Population and Housing Census, 2011 Analytical Study Challenges faced during the census operation Recommendations for the next Census

Location between India and ChinaTotal Area – 147,181 sq. km.Total Population- 26.5 million.Altitude Range- Minimum 70 m. and maximum 8848m.Mt. Everest – The top of the World is identity and glorious.Great variety of topography and diversity of weather and climate.A Multiethnic, Multi-lingual, Multi-religion and Multi-cultural country.

Population Census started by 1911.Conducting Decennially.11th Census conducting in 2011.Census conducted in 1952/54 is considered to be first modern census. (Because introducing internationally comparable concepts, definitions and classification.Computer processing was introduced for the first time in 1971 census.

Overview

Recruitment of Supervisors and assign the area for field work

Apr 28 – May 03, 2011

Field Work of Household Listing May 15 – Jun 01, 2011

Sample Selection and Preparation for Enumerators' Training

Jun 02 – 03, 2011

MTOT for Supervisors who work as a resource person in Enumerators' Training

Jun 05 - 06, 2011

Recruitment of Enumerators' and assign the area for Field Work

Jun 07, 2011 Tuesday

Enumerators' Training Jun 08 – 14, 2011

Deadline for Enumerators to reach the assigned area for fieldwork

Jun 16, 2011 Thursday

Census Jun 17 – 27, 2011

Census Day Jun 22, 2011 Wed

Deadline for Enumerators' to submit the filled up questionnaires to supervisor

Jun 28 – Jul 02, 2011

Dissemination of Preliminary Census Results October, 2011

Launching of National Report 2011 November, 2012

A steering committee headed by the Hon. Vice-chair man of NPC.A Technical Committee was formed under the chair of the DG, CBS.Special thematic committees formed for publicity, data processing etc.Various working groups.District Census Coordination committee.

A person was counted at his/her usual place of residence. Usual place of residence is defined as a place where a person had been living or intends to live for at least six months. A person absent from usual place for a short period for the purpose of treatment or pilgrimage or similar causes is treated as present in the usual place. Persons away or absent from birth place or usual place for employment or study or business purpose is considered absent population and thus, not counted as present population.

Homeless or mobile population was counted at the place where they were traced on the last day of enumeration or 27 June 2011.This method in brief, is termed as ‘modified de jure’.

Questions on literacy and level of education were asked to all persons aged 5 years and above.

Questions on activities were asked to all persons of age 10 years and above living in the households selected systematically.

Accordingly, his or her activities, occupation and industry of current employment were recorded using Individual Form 2 in the census.

Used 3 types of formsListing FormIndividual Form-1Individual Form-2

It containsQuestions on number of housesHouseholdsHousehold members

(By Sex, Agricultural land operated and livestock owned)

It contains Questions on: Type of houses, Household facilities/assets, Ownership of house or land of female members of the households,Details of absent member of households.

It also included in the form-1 are: name, relationship to head, sex, age, caste/ethnicity, marital status and age at first marriage, religion, mother tongue and second language, citizenship, type of disability, literacy and level of education.

It contains the question on:migration, fertility,labor force, occupation,industry, employment status living arrangement of children

Note: But this firm (form-2) is used for every eighth household by selected systematically

Total field staff engaged –Around 41000Enumerator- 31000Supervisor- 7900Others -2000Supervisor- enumerator ratio was 1:4.Women participation more than 40%

Preliminary result released on Sept. 2011. It has included the total no. of houses,

household and sex-wise population by 75 district.

Final Result is planned to release in different Phases and volumes e.g. volumes on demographic characteristics, volume on social characteristics, Volume on Literacy and education, volume on economic characteristics, volumes on migration and absent population, Special volume by gender characteristic and urban areas will also produce and release.

Census result analyze by experts Applied ‘Modified De Jure’ method Followed by:

◦ Trend Analysis, ◦ Social and Demographic analysis, ◦ Economic demography.

UNFPA:- Technical assistance, Pilot census, field work and PES AnalysisUNWOMEN:- publicity and development of information, education and communication materialDANIDA:- Development of EA mapsUNDP:- Designing and developing of training materialsUN Census Bureau:- Technical support on final stage data processing.

Total Population:- 26494504 (26.5 million)Male:- 12849041 (48.50%)Female:- 13645463 (51.50%)

Households :- 5427302 (5.4million)Individual:- 5423297Institutional:- 4005

Ownership of housing units:-Own house reside:- 85.26% Rental:- 12.81%Others:- 1.93%

Source of drinking water:Tap/Piped used 47.78%Tube well/ Hand Pump 35%Uncovered Well/ Kuwa 17.22%

Sex Ratio:- 94.16%Population Density :- 180 per sq. km.Urban Population :- 17%Working Age Population :- 57% (15 to 59 yrs.)Caste Ethnicity :-126 Caste/Ethnic groupMother Tongue :- 123 Language SpokenLiteracy :- 65.9% ( 5 yrs. and above) Religion :-

Hindu:- 81.3% Kirat:- 3%Buddhist:- 9% Christian:- 1.4%Islam:- 4.4% Rest:- Misc.

Inter- Censual Population ChangeCensus year

Population

Inter censual changes

Inter censual changes(%)

Annual exponentialgrowth rate(%)

1911 5638749 - - -

1920 5573788 -64961 -1.15 -0.13

1930 5532574 -41214 -0.74 -o.o7

1941 6283649 751075 13.58 1.16

1952/54 8256625 1972976 31.40 2.27

1961 9412996 1156331 14.01 1.64

1971 11555983 2142987 22.77 2.05

1981 15022839 3466856 30.00 2.62

1991 18491097 3468258 23.09 2.08

2001 23151423 4660326 25.20 2.25

2011 26494504 3343081 14.44 1.35

S. N.

Description Result/Situation Remarks

1. No. of Population Increase By 3343081

2. Growth Rate Decrease 1.35 from 2.25

3. Average Households size

Decrease 4.88 from 5.44

4. No. of houses Increase By 22%

5. Average age Increase 69.1 from 65

6. Literacy rate (5 yrs. and above )

Increase 65.9% from 54.1%

7. Sex ratio Decrease 94.2 from 99.80

8. Population Density Increase 180 From 157

9. Population by Broad age group (population bonus)

Increase 57% from 54%

10. Urbanization Increase 17.07% from 13.9

Indicators

Crude Birth Rate

33.1 27.7 24.3

Crude Death Rate

9.6 8.3 -

Total Fertility Rate (per women)

4.1 3.1 2.6

Infant Mortality Rate

64 48 46

Mortality Rate under five

91 61 54

Source: Demographic Health Survey

Conducted consultation and roundtable workshop with stakeholders and data users.

Pre-reviewed and revised the questionnaire and manuals by specialists and GESI experts

Provided the Master training program for all supervisor and training program for all enumerator.

Independent monitoring and observation by civil society.

Key entry operation were monitored and supervised by Core Team of CBS.

None of the wards or VDC or any parts of the country is missed in census which could not happen in 2001 due to the conflict.

Census questionnaires, enumeration and other manual, EA maps were major tools used to conduct field enumeration.

Ratio of supervisor to enumerator is improved to 1:4 as compared to 1:5 in 2001.

The work load on an average is 828 persons per enumerator against 1135 in 2001.

Making a new constitution is national priority instead of census.

People’s aspiration are very high (various caste, social group)

High expectation from users (They demanded for more questions to be included in questionnaire

The longest questionnaire itself. Financial Resource management was critical Managing large number (40,276 persons) of

human resource of different level was one of the major challenges.

Lack of Qualified Personnel (i.e. internal experts. Enumerator etc.)

Financial resources should be manage Selection of technology and methodology could be fixed in

advance to avoid errors. Number of census questions should be optimally

determined; open questions should strictly be minimized; and a viable new technology should be explored for more efficient field operation and data processing.

Enumeration area (EA) maps should be prepared in time and use extensively for reducing coverage errors in the census.

Field staff should mostly be recruited from unemployed educated youths and priority should be given to college students.

A Special Census Act that mandates for an independent commission for the census, facilitates financial and human resources required, eases quick procurement of census materials and services and, addresses gender and social inclusion in overall management of the operation is recommended.

For your Kind Attention