NATO Civil Emergency Planning (CEP)

Carsten FausbollHead Civil Emergency Planning (CEP)

NATO HQ

Report of the Three Wise Men

“From the very beginning of NATO, it was recognized that while defence cooperation was the first and most urgent requirement , this was not enough …. security today is far more than a military matter. The strengthening of political consultation and economic cooperation, the development of resources, …all these can be as important, or even more important for the protection of the security of a nation, or an alliance, than the building of a battleship or the equipping of an army.”

Report of the “Committee of Three” on Non-Military Cooperation in NATO, 1956

The Bottom Line -- Up Front

Why include a civilian dimension to NATO?

How does Civil Emergency Planning work in NATO ?

Who does this work?

Civil-Military Relations

“…civil support to military operations is important for logistics,

communications, medical support, and public affairs.

Cooperation between the Alliance’s military and civil bodies

will accordingly remain essential.” Communiqué PR(1999)065, paragraph 60

Origins: Strategic Concept

CEP’s Five RolesReference: EAPC(SCEPC)D(2000)1

Council agreed, in 2000, five roles for CEP

Civil Support to the military in Article 5 operations Civil Support to non-Article 5 Crisis Response

Operations (CROs) Support to national authorities in dealing with civil

emergencies Support to national authorities in dealing with the

consequences of the use of WMD Cooperation with Partners

CEP support to the military

Non-military capabilities to support all phases of military ops During peacetime (prudent planning) During planning of operations and missions During execution of operations and missions

Complements military capabilities

A tool in the military’s toolkit – use it when and where it makes sense – when military capabilities are lacking/missing

Protection of the civil population

Disaster Response/Relief

Humanitarian Assistance

Critical Infrastructure Protection

Consequence Management

CEP support to national authorities

Disasters and WMD

Essentially, to enhance the ability of Allies and Partners to assist one another.

Planning /Preparedness e.g., Interoperability, standards and guidelines,

civil-military cooperation, Border Crossing arrangements, critical infrastructure, etc.

Response inventory, coordination of assistance (EADRCC);

civil-military cooperation

Cooperation with partners

The Civil Emergency Planning Committee (CEPC) is an important forum for EAPC Partners to pursue civil emergency planning topics within NATO

Partners are involved in all CEPC activities and at all levels Cooperation is integral Practical activities Participation in decision-making Other NATO partnerships

Membership Action Plan (MAP), Mediterranean Dialogue (MD), Istanbul Cooperative Initiative (ICI) Contact Countries

Important to Remember

Civil Emergency Planning is a national responsibility No centralised planning Aim is to create framework for nations to ensure

compatibility and effectiveness of national arrangements, And enable them to assist each other when needed Ensure civil support to NATO objectives

Organisation:CEP Actors in NATO

Civil Emergency Planning Committee (CEPC) Eight Planning Areas Four Planning Groups

CEP International Staff at NATO HQ

Euro-Atlantic Disaster Response Coordination Centre (EADRCC)

CEP within NATO

North Atlantic Council(NAC)

Civil EmergencyPlanning Committee

(CEPC)

Euro Atlantic DisasterResponse Coordination Centre

(EADRCC)

Secretary General

Operations Division

Crisis Management Operations

Operations

Planning

Crisis Management Policy

Council ExerciseCoordination and Implementation

Civil Emergency Planning

Planning Groups

Civil ProtectionTransport

Public Health and FoodIndustry and Communication

Committee Hierarchy

Conventional ArmsControl Implementation Section

Organisational Structure

TaskingAuthority

CEPC Civil Emergency Planning Committee

The Civil Emergency Planning Committee (CEPC) Crisis management role Responsible for civil emergency planning in NATO Provides oversight and guidance to four Planning Groups

CEPC meets in NATO-only format @ 28 and Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC) format @ 50 includes NATO Military Authorities (NMAs)

All decisions are taken by consensus

Nonclassified

Civil Emergency Planning Committee (CEPC):

Advise NAC on civil aspects of a crisis Advice NAC and the NMA on the use of civil resources/expertise Recommend Implementation of Crisis Response Measures Monitor all Civil Emergencies and Humanitarian/Disaster Assistance

Incidents Control and Monitor CEP Crisis Management Arrangements Give strategic direction to NATO CEP and preparedness activities Direct the work of four Planning Groups (PG) NATO Military Authorities are members of SCEPC and all PGs

CEPC

Organisation: The Planning Areas

Air Transport

Food and Agriculture

Medical

Civil Protection

8 Planning Areas

SeaTransport

Communications

Industrial Planning

SurfaceTransport

The role of the Planning Groups

Advise CEPC on crisis related matters Assist NMAs, other NATO bodies and nations develop and

maintain arrangements for effective use of civil resources Advise customers on technical matters:

During peacetime During planning of activities During execution of activities

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CEP Civil Experts

Amongst others: About 360 civil experts:

categories and numbers continuously updated according to need; Can be contacted at their work place/office; Can be deployed if needed to HQ and field operations – including

through Rapid Reaction Teams; CBRN CM expertise mainly drown on: CPC; IPC; JMC

(For specific support to NMAs: “Civil Capabilities Catalogue” )

Some Areas of CEP Expertise

Chemical, Bacteriological, Radiological, Nuclear (CBRN) issues

Disaster Response

Toxic Industrial Chemicals

Medical

Disease Surveillance

Critical Infrastructure

Communications

Movement and Transport

Food Chain Management

Surge Capacity

Nonclassified

Areas of expertise based on customer-identified requirements to ensure readily-available and responsive advice and support:

Detect, monitor and contain CBR incidents Analyse and mitigate against impact of WMD on civil populations Analyse possible impact on NATO operations of naturally-caused epidemics Identify and evaluate chemical products (e.g. agricultural products) as potential hazards,

and advise on precautions to take in handling them Advise on protection and prioritization of Critical Infrastructure (systems, cyber,

facilities, etc.) Provide support to population movements and mass evacuation (medical and otherwise) Plan and support response / rapid response deployment and sustainment requirements Advise NATO nations and forces on civil/commercial aspects of conducting/supporting

air, sea and inland surface transport operations and on transport assets Help evaluate civil commercial capacity to surge to meet military requirements

Civil Expertise Catalogue

Nonclassified

Examples:Assistance to NATO Operations

KOSOVO

Damaged or sabotaged industrial facilities Dangerous for both deployed forces and local population/IOs/NGOs Instances where forces did not know what chemical substances they were

dealing with Toxic Industrial Chemicals (TICs) High Production Volume Chemicals (HPVCs)

Need to: Detect, secure, identify, immobilise, dispose

ISAF

Presence of drug precursors Dangerous for both deployed forces and local population/IOs/NGOs Instances where forces did not know what chemical substances they were

dealing with Toxic Industrial Chemicals (TICs)

Need to: Detect, secure, identify, immobilise, dispose

NATO’s Disaster Response Capability

The Euro-Atlantic Disaster Response Coordination Centre

The EADRCC Euro-Atlantic Disaster Response Coordination

Centre, NATO HQ, Brussels Created 1998 by 46 EAPC nations Role: coordination of EAPC nations’ assistance

to each other in case of disaster. Since 2001, also terrorism consequence management; Coordination, at government level - not command and control

Scope: EAPC geographical area, MD and ICI (Gulf Co-operation) countries, areas where NATO is involved militarily

24/7 duty officer system

FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES

Responsibility for disaster response is with the

stricken nation

Primary role in international response is with the

United Nations

Gateway to CEP organisations in 50 nations

EADRCC has standing mandate

Natural Hazards

Earthquakes Floods Forest Fires Storms Land Slides

Terrorist Attacks

Critical Infrastructure Telecom

Industrial Facilities Chemical Radiological

Transportation Means Road Sea Air

Transportation Infrastructure Seaports Airports Railways Stations

Dirty - Bomb Chemical Radiological Biological

Soft Targets

10 OCT 05 - Pakistan request NATO assistance

11 OCT 05 - North Atlantic Council approval of

NATO Humanitarian air bridge to Islamabad

13 OCT 05 - UNHCR request for air-lift support

14 OCT 05 - First NATO relief flight arrives

8 FEB 06 - Last flight of NATO airbridge

EARTHQUAKE PAKISTAN

NATO Air Bridge

Transportation assistance for United Nations -

more than 130 flights, 2,300 tons

NATO Air-bridge used by 19 EAPC, 2 non-

EAPC nations, WFP, UNJLC and UN-HCR

More than 160 flights with almost 3,500 tons of

relief goods (18,000 tents; 510,000 blankets;

17,000 heaters; 30,000 mattresses; 55,000

sleeping bags; many tons of medical supplies)

07 AUG 10 - Pakistan requests NATO assistance 09 AUG 10 – EADRCC starts coordination 12 AUG 10 – Deployment of CIV-MIL

Assessment and Liaison Team 20 AUG 10 – Approval of NATO Humanitarian air

bridge to Islamabad (OPLAN 10307) 7 flights – 191 tons of relief items

Flooding PAKISTAN

DISASTER RESPONSE 1/2

1998 – Floods, Ukraine 1999 – Landslides, Moldova 1999 – Earthquake,

Azerbaijan 1999 - Earthquakes 1&2,

Turkey 2000 – Floods, Hungary and

Romania 2000 – Drought, Georgia 2000 - Extreme weather,

Ukraine and Moldova 2000 - Forest fires, The

Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (1)

2001 – Floods, Ukraine 2002 - Floods in Central Europe 2003 - Forest Fires, Portugal 2004/05 - Tsunami, SE Asia 2005 – Floods Georgia, Romania,

Bulgaria, Kyrgyzstan 2005 - Hurricane Katrina 2005/06 - Earthquake, Pakistan 2006 - Floods, Algeria 2006 - Snowfall, Kyrgyzstan 2006 - Floods, Slovak Republic 2006 - Floods, Bulgaria 2006 – Forest Fires, Georgia

(1) Turkey recognises the Republic of Macedonia with its constitutional name

DISASTER RESPONSE 2/2

TECHNOLOGICAL

FROM TERRORIST ACT (INCL. CBRN)

OTHER ASSISTANCE

2002 - Air show accident, Ukraine 2002

2001 - Terrorist attacks on the United States

1998 - Kosovo Refugee Crisis1999 - Kosovo2003 - Assistance to Turkey in case of possible civil emergency2004 – Support to Greece during Summer Olympics and the Paralympic games

Training and Exercises

On a regular basis training and exercises (often with military teams)

Maximise interoperability

Regional Approach

UN-developed programmes to be taken into account

One field exercise and one table-top exercise each year

Report of the Three Wise Men

“The two aspects of security - civil and military - can no longer safely be considered in watertight compartments, either within or between nations. Perhaps NATO has not yet fully recognised their essential interrelationship, or done enough to bring about that close and continuous contact between its civil and military sides which is essential if it is to be strong and enduring.”

(Report of the Committee of Three on Non-Military Cooperation in NATO, paragraph 16, 1956)

Nonclassified

CEP Crisis Management Arrangements Establishment of a CME

Augmentation by IS, VNCs, Civil Experts ReachBack to Civil Experts Call-up of Civil Experts

Forward-based Liaison Officers: During all phases of planning and execution

Rapid Reaction Team: Fast deployment of Civil Experts to: Stricken nations Theatre of operations Military HQ International Organizations

Advisory Support Team: Civil Experts to support nations in assessing and developing national preparedness, response and recovery capabilities:

Any and all PB&C areas of expertise Training and exercise activities High visibility events

CEP Procedures, Processes, and Tools

NATO UNCLASSIFIEDNATO/EAPC UNCLASSIFIED

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Civil-Military Cooperation / support to NMAs and NATO Bodies

The Civil Capabilities Catalogue – comprising the available capabilities and tools that the CEP can offer to the NMAs;

CONOPS Able Guardian linking SHAPE and EADRCC; Advise in Crisis Response Operations (Kosovo, Afghanistan); Humanitarian Operations; Advise to NATO bodies (i.e. Maritime Interdiction); NATO CBRN Policy and response; NATO Defence Planning (Non Military Capabilities) Stabilization and Reconstruction Comprehensive Approach

Contact Point

CEP [NATO HQ/IS Operations Div]

Tel.: +32 2 707 5117

Fax: +32 2 707 7900

Email: cepd@hq.nato.int

QUESTIONS????

NATO Civil Emergency Planning (CEP)