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READING

COMPREHENSION

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*is a complex cognitive process ofdecoding symbols in order to construct or

derive meaning (reading comprehension).

*It is a means of language acquisition, ofcommunication, and ofsharing information and ideas.

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Is the understanding and interpretation ofwhat is read...

-decode what they read-make connection between what they readand what they already know-think deeply about what they have read

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is the ability to read text, process it andunderstand its meaning.

Process of simultaneously extracting andconstructing meaning through interactionand involvement with written language.

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1. NOTING DETAILS• This skill involves remembering information

mentioned in the selection.*The pieces of information provide the answersto the questions:

(a.) WHAT?(b.)WHO?(c.) WHERE?(d.) WHEN? (e.) WHY? (f.) HOW?

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This skill involves the ability to attack newwords; that is, to understand the meaning of

unfamiliar words.The reader should be able to understand themeaning of a new word through the way it isused in the sentence.At times the word may be understood inrelation to what is mentioned in the selectionitself.

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This involves relating the

sentences in the selection inorder to come up with thegeneral idea, topic or title .

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In reading comprehensionselections, questions are usuallyasked to test the reader’s ability toinfer some details or information

out of certain information in theselection.

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What kind of story is the selection?Was it necessary for the girl toshout?Did the author do justice to the main

character ?

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1. Read the paragraph then readthe questions.

* DO NOT try to read the questions firstbefore you read the paragraph.

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• Always verify your answer by goingback to the passage.

• Underline if you MUST, but only

sparingly. Underlining may beconfusing and time-consuming

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A. MAIN IDEA*Falling under this category are questions that

test your ability to find the central thought ofa paragraph or to judge its significance.*These questions often begin with:

-The article is about the...- The theme of the paragraph can be bestdescribes as...- The main point of the paragraph is...

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- The paragraph is primarily concernedwith...

- Which of the following titles bestdescribes the content of the paragraph.

- Which of the following statements bestexpresses the main idea of theparagraph?

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B. SPECIFIC DETAILS:• These questions test your ability to

understand what the author states explicitly.• Aside from WHO, WHAT, WHEN, WHY,

WHERE, and HOW, they also begin with:- According to the author...-The author states all the following except...- According to the paragraph, the chiefcharacteristic of the subject is...

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3. DRAWING INFERENCES• These questions test your ability to go

beyond the author’s explicit statement andsee what these statements imply.• They often begin with:

-The author implies that...-It is implied in the paragraph that...-It can be inferred in the article that...-According to the article, it is likely that...

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D. TONE OR ATTITUDE:*The questions test your ability to sense the

author’s or character’s emotional state.*They often take the following forms:-Which of the following best describes thetone of the author?- The author’s attitude to the problem can bebest described as...- What emotion is expressed in the article?

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E. VOCABULARY:• These questions test your ability to work out

the meaning of unfamiliar words from theircontext.• They often take these forms:

-The word...as used in the sentence means...-The underlined word in the article means...-The phrase...is used in the passage tomean...

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Author’s usually provide reader’s with asentence which expresses a paragraph’s main

idea.Although such topic sentences may appearanywhere in the paragraph, they are usuallyfound in the opening or closing sentences.

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A paragraph is a group of sentences revolvingaround a central theme.

An appropriate title for a paragraph,therefore, must include this central theme.

It should be neither too broad or too narrowin its scope.

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