Natural Resources Management and Environment DepartmentFOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS
Cotonou, 5 October 2012 PRESENTED BY: Anni Arial
Voluntary Guidelines on the
Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests
in the context of national food security
ACCESS TO LAND, FISHERIES AND FORESTS
TENURE
SECURITY
FOOD
SECURITY
THE CHALLENGE
Increasing demand for land, fisheries and forests
Decreasing supply of land, fisheries and forests
Lack of financial and human capacity in the administration and management of resources
Inefficient / unadapted approaches and technologies in the administration and management of resources
Bureaucratic and political corruption in the administration and management of resources
Insecurity of
Tenure
Res
ourc
e de
grad
atio
n, h
unge
r, po
verty
…
Increasing competition for land, fisheries and forests
Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and
Forests in the Context of National Food Security
... set out principles
... provide a benchmark
…contribute to the improvement and development of policy, legal and organizational frameworks
... are voluntary
... do not replace laws or treaties
WHAT ARE THE VOLUNTARY GUIDELINES ?
CONTENTS OF THE VOLUNTARY GUIDELINES
Part 2: General MattersProvides overall guidance:
• Guiding principles.• Tenure rights.
• Policy, legal and organizational frameworks.
• Delivery of services.
Part 1: PreliminarySets the direction:
• Objectives.• Nature and scope.
CONTENTS OF THE VOLUNTARY GUIDELINES
Part 3: Legal recognition and allocation of tenure rights• Safeguards.
• Public lands, fisheries and forests.
• Indigenous peoples and others with customary tenure.
• Informal tenure.
Part 4: Transfers and other changes to tenure rights
• Markets.• Investments.
• Readjustments.• Restitution.
• Redistributive reforms.• Expropriation.
CONTENTS OF THE VOLUNTARY GUIDELINES
Part 5: Administration of tenure
• Records of tenure rights.• Valuation.• Taxation.
• Regulated spatial planning.• Resolution of disputes.• Transboundary matters.
CONTENTS OF THE VOLUNTARY GUIDELINES
Part 6: Responses to climate change and emergencies
• Climate change.• Natural disasters.
• Conflicts.
Part 7: Promotion, implementation, monitoring
and evaluation
INVESTMENTS and VOLUNTARY GUIDELINES
Voluntary Guidelines…•acknowledge the role of responsible public and private investments•recognize the share of smallholder producers and their organizations•encourage safeguard of legitimate tenure rights, transparency of transactions, compensation, partnerships, prior independent assessments, monitoring and control of implementation•put forward principles of consultation , participation and FPIC•apply to States, investors and service providers
The Guidelines look at the investments from the TENURE point of view
Three distinct processes are ongoing •Voluntary Guidelines•PRAI (FAO, WB, IFAD, UNCTAD)•rai (CFS)
In addition studies and technical guides are being prepared. FAO responds to requests coming from member countries.
The Voluntary Guidelines…
•Are consistent and complementary with PRAI and rai.
•Concentrate on aspects of governance of tenure in the context of investments
INVESTMENTS and VOLUNTARY GUIDELINES
Why gender?•Tenure rights of women are often less secure, more limited, or mediated through others.
What benefits from responsible governance of tenure? •raise the status, influence, and socio-economic well-being of women within households and communities. • improve farm productivity, household
welfare and access to institutions, information and services
The Voluntary Guidelines•highlight the centrality of gender equality to responsible governance of tenure•integrate gender as a cross-cutting element
GENDER and VOLUNTARY GUIDELINES
The next steps - helping others to:• Adopt practices according to their priorities;
• Adapt practices according to their circumstances.
BUILDING ON THE CONSENSUS
Working ON….• Awareness raising• Capacity development• Strengthening of partnerships• Support to countries• Monitoring and evaluation
Working WITH….• States• Government agencies• Civil society• Private sector• Academia• IGO and IFIs
Promote practical integrated work between multiple actors, sectors and disciplines
The Guidelines are a tool for actors in countries.
BUILDING ON THE CONSENSUS
• States: Development, implementation and enforcement of policy and law. Administration of tenure.
• Courts and Government agencies: Delivery of equal services to all
• People and communities: Know and protect their rights• Civil society: Advocacy, awareness raising, legal assistance and
capacity development• Investors: Safeguards, do no harm, participation• Professionals: Follow standards of conduct for ethical behavior,
service delivery• Academia: Education of professionals, teaching, research
MORE INFORMATION
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DOWNLOAD THE VGs
www.fao.org/nr/tenure
FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONSNatural Resources Management and Environment DepartmentFOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS
THANK YOU!
FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONSNatural Resources Management and Environment DepartmentFOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
DEVELOPMENT OF THE VOLUNTARY GUIDELINES
2009 - 2010
2011: January - June
NegotiationsConsultationAfrica: South, East, West
Drafting
Research, networking
2000 onwards
DEVELOPMENT OF THE VOLUNTARY GUIDELINES
2011 - 2012July, October, March
Negotiations
Endorsement
11 May 2012
Milestone achievement•Globally relevant, appropriate and accepted text
•Dialogue between global, regional and national actors
•Awareness raising, capacity development, advocacy
•Networks and partnerships
The Guidelines are now a point of reference
DEVELOPMENT OF THE VOLUNTARY GUIDELINES
Awareness raising• Assist people to learn more about and use the VGs
• Dissemination (printed copies and Internet)• Promotion (awareness raising meetings)
Two meetings will take place in Africa
Capacity development• Prepare additional tools and aids
• Technical Guides: Fisheries, Forestry, Gender, IP/FPIC, Investment
• E-learning tools• Mainstream VGs in academia
BUILDING ON THE CONSENSUS
Strengthening of partnerships•Strengthen and develop collaboration on improved tenure governance at global, regional and local levels
• Strong, open and transparent partnerships • Seek synergy with global and regional initiatives (LPI)
Support to countries• Respond to requests for assistance
Monitoring and evaluation• Monitor and evaluate implementation and impacts of the VGs
BUILDING ON THE CONSENSUS
