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7/30/2019 NCERT Hindi Class 6 History
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gekjs vrhr- 1lkekftd foKku
d{kk 6 osQ fy, bfrgkl dh ikB~;iqLrd
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vkeq[k
jk"Vh; ikB~;p;kZdh :ijs[kk (2005) lq>krh gS fd cPpksaosQ LowQyh thou dks ckgj
osQ thou ls tksM+k tkuk pkfg,A ;g flkar fdrkch Kku dh ml fojklr osQ foijhr
gS ftlosQ izHkkoo'k gekjh O;oLFkk vkt rd LowQy vkSj ?kj osQ chp varjky cuk,
gq, gSA ubZ jk"Vh; ikB~;p;kZij vk/kfjr ikB~;e vkSj ikB~;iqLrossaQ bl cqfu;knh
fopkj ij vey djus dk iz;kl gSA bl iz;kl esa gj fo"k; dks ,d ekcwr nhokjls ?ksj nsus vkSj tkudkjh dks jVk nsus dh izo`fk dk fojks/ 'kkfey gSA vk'kk gS fd
;s dne gesa jk"Vh; f'k{kk uhfr (1986) esaof.kZr cky&osaQfnzr O;oLFkk dh fn'kk esa
dki- Qh nwj rd ys tk,xsA
bl iz;Ru dh liQyrk vc bl ckr ij fuHkZj gS fd LowQyksa osQ izkpk;ZvkSj
v;kid cPpksa dks dYiuk'khy xfrfof/;ksa vkSj lokyksadh enn ls lh[kus vkSj
lh[kus osQ nkSjku vius vuqHkoksaij fopkj djus dk fdruk volj nsrs gSaA gesa;g
ekuuk gksxk fd ;fn txg] le; vkSj vkkknh nh tk, rks cPps cM+ksa }kjk lkSaih xbZ
lwpuk&lkexzh ls tqM+dj vkSj tw>dj u, Kku dk l`tu djrs gSaA f'k{kk osQ fofoklkkuksa ,oaksrksa dh vuns[kh fd, tkus dk izeq[k dkj.k ikB~;iqLrd dks ijh{kk dk
,dek=k vk/kj cukus dh izo`fk gSA ltZuk vkSj igy dks fodflr djus osQ fy, k:jh
gS fd ge cPpksadks lh[kus dh izf;k esa iwjk Hkkxhnkj ekusa vkSj cuk,] mUgsa Kku dh
fu/kZfjr [kqjkd dk xzkgd ekuuk NksM+ nsaA
;s ms'; LowQy dh nSfud fkanxh vkSj dk;Z'kSyh esadki- Qh i- sQjcny dh ekx djrs
gSaA nSfud le;&lkj.kh esayphykiu mruk gh k:jh gS ftruk okf"kZd oSQys.Mj osQ
vey esapqLrh] ftlls f'k{k.k osQ fy, fu;r fnuksa dh la[;k gdhdr cu losQA f'k{k.k
vkSj ewY;kadu dh fof/;kHkh bl ckr dks r; djsaxh fd ;g ikB~;iqLrd LowQy esacPpksaosQ thou dks ekufld ncko rFkk cksfj;r dh txg [kq'kh dk vuqHko cukus essa
fdruh izHkkoh fl gksrh gSA cks> dh leL;k ls fuiVus osQ fy, ikB~;e fuekZrkvksa
us fofHkUu pj.kksa esa Kku dk iqufuZ/kZj.k djrs le; cPpksaosQ euksfoKku ,oav;kiu
osQ fy, miyC/ le; dk ;ku j[kus dh igys ls vf/d lpsr dksf'k'k dh gSA bl
dksf'k'k dks vkSj xgjkus osQ ;Ru esa ;g ikB~;iqLrd lksp&fopkj vkSj foLe;]
NksVs lewgksaesackrphr ,oa cgl vkSj gkFk ls dh tkus okyh xfrfof/;ksadks izkFkfedrk
nsrh gS
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,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh- bl iqLrd dh jpuk osQ fy, cukbZxbZikB~;iqLrd fuekZ.k lfefr
osQ ifjJe osQ fy, o`QrKrk O;Dr djrh gSA ifj"kn~lkekftd foKku ikB~;iqLrd
lykgdkj lfefr osQ v;{k izksis- Qlj gfj oklqnsou vkSj bfrgkl ikB~;iqLrd lfefr osQeq[; lykgdkj izksi- sQlj uhyknzh HkV~Vkpk;Zdh fo'ks"k vkHkkjh gSA bl ikB~;iqLrd osQ
fodkl eas dbZf'k{kdksaus ;ksxnku fd;kA bl ;ksxnku dks laHko cukus osQ fy, ge
muosQ izkpk;ksZaosQ vkHkkjh gSaA ge mu lHkh laLFkkvksavkSj laxBuksaosQ izfr o`QrK gSa
ftUgksaus vius lalk/uksa] lkexzh rFkk lg;ksfx;ksadh enn ysus esagesamnkjrkiwoZd lg;ksx
fn;kA ge ek;fed ,oa mPp f'k{kk foHkkx] ekuo lalkku fodkl ea=kky; }kjk
izksi- sQlj e`.kky ehjh ,oaizksi- sQlj th-ih- ns'kikaMs dh v;{krk esa xfBr fuxjkuh lfefr
(ekWfuVfjax desVh) osQ lnL;ksadks viuk ewY;oku le; vkSj lg;ksx nsus osQ fy,
kU;okn nsrs gSaA O;oLFkkxr lq/kjksa vkSj vius izdk'kuksaesafujarj fu[kkj ykus osQ izfrlefiZr ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh- fVIif.k;ksa,oalq>koksadk Lokxr djsxh ftuls Hkkoh la'kks/uksa
esaenn yh tk losQA
funs'kd
jk"Vh; 'kSf{kd vuqla/ku vkSj
izf'k{k.k ifj"kn~
ubZ fnYyh20 fnlacj 2005
(iv)
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ikB~;iqLrd fuekZ.k lfefr
v;{k] lkekftd foKku ikB~;iqLrd lykgdkj lfefr
gfj oklqnsou]izksi- sQlj] bfrgkl foHkkx] dydkk fo'ofo|ky;] dksydkrk
eq[; lykgdkj
uhykfnz Hkkpk;Z]izksis-Qlj] bfrgkl v;;u osaQnz] tokgjyky usg: fo'ofo|ky;] ubZfnYyh
lykgdkj
oqQeoqQe jkW;],lksf'k,V izksis-Qlj] bfrgkl v;;u osaQnz] tokgjyky usg: fo'ofo|ky;] ubZfnYyh
lnL;
t;k esuu]jhMj] bfrgkl foHkkx] vyhx
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D;ksa ius dh mudh dksf'k'ksa] mudh [kkstsa vkSjvkfo"dkj] bUgha osQ rkus&ckus esa rks ekuo lekt cnykA izk;% ;s cnyko brus khesvkSj ekewyh gksrs Fks fd ml ;qx osQ yksxksadks bldk irk Hkh ughapyrk FkkA ckn esatc ge vrhr ij ukj Mkyrs gSa] tc ge bfrgkl i
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bl lky rqe tks iqLrd i
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vkHkkj
;g iqLrd dbZ eghuksa ls fy[kh tk jgh FkhA dbZ LowQy f'k{kd] dkWyst vkSj
fo'ofo|ky;ksa osQ fo'ks"kK vkSj jk"Vh; 'kSf{kd vuqla/ku vkSj izf'k{k.k ifj"kn osQ
ladk; lnL; bl iqLrd dks rS;kj djus okys ny esa 'kkfey FksA fp=kksadk pquko djus
esavkSj vH;kl osQ iz'u cukus esa bl ny osQ lHkh lnL;ksa us lg;ksx fd;k gSA fofHkUu
eqn~nksa ij geus vkil esa yach vkSj xgu ppkZdh Agesavius uUgsa ikBdksa & viwoZ vojke] efYydk fo'oukFku vkSj ehjk fo'oukFku
osQ lq>koksavkSj fVIif.k;ksals cgqr i- Qk;nk gqvkA iqLrd fy[kus dh izf;k esablosQ
izk:iksaij dbZ yksxksa us lq>ko fn,A geus mUgsaiqLrd esa lekfgr djus dh dksf'k'k
dh gSA [kkldj ge jk"Vh; fuxjkuh lfefr osQ lnL;ksaosQ izfr vkHkkjh gSaA mUgksaus dbZ
lq>ko fn,A bl iqLrd osQ izk:i ij vkyk spukRed lq>koks a osQ fy, ge
izksi- sQlj jksfeyk Fkkij] mek porhZ] tk;jl ckukth] mfiUnj flag] ,dyO; osQ
lh- ,u- lqcz.;e vkSj esjh tkWu osQ izfr vkHkkjh gSaA izksi- sQlj ch-Mh- p ksik;k;]
izksi- sQlj oqQ.kky porhZ] izksi- sQlj fot;k jkekLokeh] izksi- sQlj ,l- vkj- okfyacs vkSjuSuk n;ky us iqLrd osQ oqQN fgLlksa osQ ckjs esa lykg nhA izksi- sQlj ukjk;.kh xqIrk gesa
yxkrkj lg;ksx nsrh jghaA
vfHkys[kksa] flDdksa] Lekjdksa vkSj ewfrZ;ksa osQ fp=kksa] iqjkrkfod vkSj ,sfrgkfld
LFkyksa osQ js[kkfp=kksarFkk [kqnkbZesafeys feh osQ crZuksa] midj.kksavkSj vU; phkksaosQ
fp=kksa osQ fy, ge fuEufyf[kr osQ vkHkkjh gSa egkfuns'kd] Hkkjrh; iqjkro losZ{k.k]
lqjsUnz dkSy] egkfuns'kd] lkaLo`Qfrd lzksr ,oa izf'k{k.k osaQnz] ubZ fnYyh] iwf.kZek esgrk
vkSj vesfjdu baLVhV~;wV vkWiQ bafM;u LVMhk] xqM+xko] gfj;k.kk osQ lgdehZ] osQ- ih- jko]
gSnjkckn fo'ofo|ky; vkSj Hkkjrh txUukFkuA ge xhrkatfy lqjsUnzu rFkk us'kuyeSuqfLIV fe'ku] fnYyh osQ lgdfeZ;ksa}kjk ik.Mqfyfi;ksa osQ fp=k nsus osQ fy, muosQ
vkHkkjh gSaA oSQFkjhu tkjhk us gesaesgjx
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rduhdh 'kCnkoyh vk;ksx] ubZfnYyh osQ vodk'kizkIr vuqla/ku vf/dkjh (bfrgkl
,oa iqjkro) jktsUnz izlkn frokjh us iqLrd esa rduhdh 'kCnksadks 'kq cukus esa
;ksxnku fn;kA fot; oqQekj 'kekZus iqLrd dk dkWih laiknu fd;k vkSj ik.Mqfyfi dhv'qkf;k nwj dhaA vfues"k jkW; rFkk rq Vksik] vkVZ f,'kUl] ubZ fnYyh us bl
fdrkc dh cukoV] lTtk vkSj Vkbi lsfVax dk dke fd;kA gnh Vkbix dk dke
fot; dEI;wVj us fd;kA ge bu lcosQ o`QrK gSaA
geus izR;sd fp=k osQ ewy ksr dk mYys[k fd;k gS] ysfdu vxj vlko/kuho'k
dksbZ =kqfV gqbZ gS rks ge {kek izkFkhZgSaA mEehn djrs gSafd bl iqLrd osQ fy, ko vk,xs tks Hkfo"; esabl fdrkc osQ csgrj laLdj.k fudkyus esa lgk;d gksaxsA
bl iqLrd dks rS;kj djus esa lg;ksx nsus osQ fy, ge lfork flUgk]izksis- Qlj,oa
v;{k]lkekftd foKku o ekufodh f'k{kk foHkkx] jk"Vh; 'kSf{kd vuqla/ku vkSjizf'k{k.k ifj"kn~dks fo'ks"k :i ls /U;okn nsuk pkgrs gSaA
bl iqLrd osQ fodkl osQ fofHkUu pj.kksa esa lg;ksx osQ fy, T;ksfr xks;y]
Mh-Vh-ih- vkWijsVj_ lqu;uk frokjh]lhfu;j izwiQ jhMjosQ fo'ks"k vkHkkjh gSaA izdk'ku
foHkkx }kjk gesaiw.kZlg;ksx ,oa lqfo/k,izkIr gqbZaA blosQ fy, ge fo'ks"k :i ls
vkHkkjh gSaA
(x)
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fo"k; lwph
v;k;
1. D;k] dc] dgkvkSj oSQls\ 1
2. vkjafHkd ekuo dh [kkst esa 11
3. Hkkstu% laxzg ls mRiknu rd 22
4. vkjafHkd uxj 32
5. D;k crkrh gSagesafdrkcsavkSj dczsa 43
6. jkT;] jktk vkSj ,d izkphu x.kjkT; 54
7. u, iz'u u, fopkj 65
8. v'kksd% ,d vuks[kk lezkV ftlus ;q dk R;kx fd;k 75
9. [kq'kgky xko vkSj le` 'kgj 87
10. O;kikjh] jktk vkSj rhFkZ;k=kh 99
11. u, lkezkT; vkSj jkT; 111
12. bekjrsa] fp=k rFkk fdrkcsa 122
vkeq[k iiiD;ksai
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bl iqLrd esa
izR;sd v;k; esa rqEgkjk ifjp; ,d ckyd ;k ckfydk }kjk djk;kx;k gSA
izR;sd v;k; dks dbZfoHkkxksa esa ckaVk x;k gSAbu foHkkxksa dks ius osQckn gh vxys v;k; dh 'kq:vkr djksA
oqQN v;k;ksa esaoqQN ifjHkk"kk,anh xbZgSaA oqQN v;k;ksa esa lzksr ls ,d va'k fn;k x;k gSA bUgha osQ vk/kj ij
bfrgkldkj bfrgkl fy[krs gSaA bUgsa;ku ls i
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1
j'khnk dk loky
j'khnk cSBh v[+kckj i
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2
gekjs vrhrI
vc rqe mkj&if'pe dh lqyseku vkSj fdjFkj igkfM+;ksadk irk yxkvksAblh {ks=k esaoqQN ,sls LFkku gSa tgkyxHkx vkB gkkj o"kZiwoZL=kh&iq#"kksa
us lcls igys xsgw rFkk tkS tSlh I+kQlyksadks mitkukvkjaHk fd;kA mUgksausHksM+] cdjh vkSj xk;&cSy tSls i'kqvksadksikyrw cukuk'kq: fd;kA ;s
yksxxkoksaesajgrs FksAmkj&iwoZesa xkjks rFkk e; Hkkjr esa o; igkfM+;ksadk irk yxkvksA;s oqQN vU; ,sls {ks=k Fks tgk o`Qf"k dk fodkl gqvkAtgklcls igys pkoy mitk;k x;k os LFkku o; osQ mkj esas fLFkr FksA
ekufp=k% 1miegk}hi dk izko `Qfrd ekufp=k
js[kk fp=kiSekuk ugh a fn;k x;k gSA
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3
ekufp=k ij l/q rFkk bldh lgk;d ufn;ksa dk irk yxkus dkiz;kl djksA lgk;d ufn;kmUgsa dgrs gSatks ,d cM+h unh esafey tkrh
gSaA yxHkx 4700 o"kZiwoZ bUghaufn;ksa osQ fdukjs oqQN vkjafHkduxjiQys&iwQysA xaxk o bldh lgk;d ufn;ksaosQ fdukjs rFkk leqnz rVokhZbykdksaesa uxjksadk fodkl yxHkx 2500 o"kZ iwoZ gqvkA
xaxk rFkk bldh lgk;d unh lksu dk irk yxkvksA xaxk osQ nf{k.k esabu ufn;ksaosQ vkl&ikl dk {ks=k izkphu dky esa ex/* uke ls tkuk tkrkFkkA blosQ 'kkld cgqr 'kfDr'kkyh Fks vkSj mUgksaus ,dfo'kky jkT;
LFkkfir fd;k FkkA ns'k osQ vU; fgLlksaesaHkh ,sls jkT;ksadh LFkkiuk dh
xbZFkhA
yksxksa us lnSo miegk}hi osQ ,d fgLls ls nwljs fgLls rd;k=kkdhAdHkh&dHkh fgeky; tSls ps ioZrksa] igkfM+;ksa] jsfxLrku] ufn;kas rFkkleqnzksaosQ dkj.k ;k=kk tksf[ke Hkjh gksrh Fkh] fiQj Hkh ;s ;k=kk muosQ fy,vlaHko ughaFkhaA vr% dHkh yksx dke dh ryk'k esa rks dHkh izko`QfrdvkinkvksaosQ dkj.k ,d LFkku ls nwljs LFkku tk;k djrs FksA dHkh&dHkh
lsuk, nwljs {ks=kksaij fot; gkfly djus osQ fy, tkrh FkhaA blosQ
vfrfjDr O;kikjh dHkh dkfI+kQys esarks dHkh tgkkksa esavius lkFkewY;oku oLrq,ysdj ,d LFkku ls nwljs LFkku tkrs jgrs FksA /ked xq:yksxksadks f'k{kk vkSj lykg nsrs gq, ,d xko ls nwljs xko rFkk ,d dlcsls nwljs dlcs tk;k djrs FksA oqQN yksx u, vkSj jkspd LFkkuksa dks [kkstusdh pkg esa mRlqdrko'k Hkh ;k=kk fd;k djrs FksA bu lHkh ;k=kkvksa lsyksxksa dks ,d&nwljs osQ fopkjksa dks tkuus dk volj feykA
vkt yksx ;k=kk,D;ksadjrs gSa\
,d ckj fiQj ls ekufp=k 1 dks ns[kksA igkfM+;k] ioZr vkSj leqnz blmiegk}hi dh izko`Qfrd lhek dk fuekZ.k djrs gSaA gkykafd yksxksa osQfy, bu lhekvksa dks ikj djuk vklku ugha Fkk] ftUgksaus ,slk pkgk os,slk dj losQ] os ioZrksadh pkbZ dks NwlosQ rFkk xgjs leqnzksadks ikj
dj losQA miegk}hi osQ ckgj ls Hkh oqQN yksx ;gk vk, vkSj ;ghacl
x,A yksxksaosQ bl vkokxeu us gekjh lkaLo`Qfrd ijaijkvksa dks le`
ekufp=k 1 nf{k.k,f'k;k (vk/qfudHkkjr] ikfdLrku]
ckaXykns'k] usiky] HkwVkuvkSj Jhyadk) vkSjvI+kQxkfuLrku] bZjku]
phu rFkk E;kaekj vkfniM+kslh ns'kksadks n'kkZrkgSA nf{k.k ,f'k;k ,degk}hi ls NksVk gS]ysfdu fo'kkyrk rFkkckdh ,f'k;k ls leqnzksa]
igkfM+;ksa rFkk ioZrksa lscVs gksus osQ dkj.k blsizk;% miegk}hi dgktkrk gSA
D;k] dc] dgk vkSj oSQls\
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gekjs vrhrI
fd;kA dbZlkS o"kks ls yksx iRFkj dks rjk'kus] laxhr jpus vkSj ;gk rdfd Hkkstu cukus osQ u, rjhdksaosQ ckjs esa,d&nwljs osQ fopkjksadks
viukrs jgs gSaA
ns'k osQ uke
vius ns'k osQ fy, ge izk;% bf.M;k rFkk Hkkjr tSls ukeksadk iz;ksx djrsgSaA bf.M;k 'kCn b.Ml ls fudyk gS ftls laLo`Qr esafla/qdgk tkrk gSAvius ,Vyl esabZjku vkSj ;wuku dk irk yxkvksA yxHkx 2500 o"kZiwoZ
mkj&if'pe dh vksj ls vkus okys bZjkfu;ksavkSj ;wukfu;ksaus l/qdks
gnksl vFkok banksl vkSj bl unh osQ iwoZesafLFkr Hkwfe izns'k dks bf.M;kdgkA Hkjr uke dk iz;ksx mkj&if'pe esajgus okys yksxksaosQ ,d lewgosQ fy, fd;k tkrk FkkA bl lewg dk mYys[k laLo`Qr dh vkjafHkd(yxHkx 3500 o"kZiqjkuh) o`QfrXosnesaHkh feyrk gSA ckn esabldk
iz;ksx ns'k osQ fy, gksus yxkA
vrhr osQ ckjs esa oSQls tkusa \
vrhr dh tkudkjh ge dbZrjg ls izkIr dj ldrs gSaA buesals ,d rjhdkvrhr esafy[kh xbZiqLrdksadks
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5
brus o"kksesabuesals dbZik.Mqfyfi;ksadks dhM+ksaus [kk fy;k rFkk oqQNu"V dj nh xbA fiQj Hkh ,slh dbZik.Mqfyfi;kvkt Hkh miyC/ gSaA izk;%
;s ik.Mqfyfi;keafnjksavkSj fogkjksaesaizkIr gksrh gSaA bu iqLrdksaesa/kedekU;rkvksao O;ogkjksa] jktkvksaosQ thou] vkS"kf/;ksarFkk foKku vkfn lHkhizdkj osQ fo"k;ksadh ppkZfeyrh gSA buosQ vfrfjDr gekjs ;gkegkdkO;]dfork,rFkk ukVd Hkh gSaA buesals dbZlaLo`Qr esafy[ks gq, feyrs gSatcfd vU; izko`Qr vkSj rfey esagSaA izko`Qr Hkk"kk dk iz;ksx vke yksxdjrs FksA
gevfHkys[kksadk Hkh v;;u dj ldrs gSaA ,sls ys[k iRFkj vFkok
/krq tSlh vis{kko`Qr dBksj lrgksa ij mRdh.kZ fd, x, feyrs gSaAdHkh&dHkh 'kkld vFkok vU; yksx vius vkns'kksa dks bl rjg mRdh.kZdjokrs Fks] rkfd yksx mUgsans[k losaQ] i
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gekjs vrhrI
ck,% ,d izkphu uxj lsizkIr ik=kAbl rjg osQ ik=kksadk iz;ksx
4700 o"kZiwoZgksrk FkkAnk,% ,d iqjkuk pknh dkflDdkAbl rjg osQ flDdksadkiz;ksx yxHkx 2500 o"kZ iwoZgksrk FkkAgekjs }kjk vkt iz;ksx esavkus okysflDdksals ;gflDdk oSQls fHkUu gS\
rFkk flDdksadh izkfIr osQ fy, Nku&chu rFkk[kqnkbZHkh djrs gSaA buesals oqQN oLrq,iRFkj] idh fe^h rFkk oqQN /krq dh cuh gks ldrh gSaA,sls ro dBksj rFkk tYnh u"V u gksus okys gksrs gSaA
iqjkrofon~ tkuojksa] fpfM+;ksa rFkk eNfy;ksa dh gf ;kHkh
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7
dh vksj ;ku fnykus osQ fy, fd;k x;k gS fd vyx&vyx lewg osQyksxksa osQ fy, bl vrhr osQ vyx&vyx ek;us FksA mnkgj.k osQ fy,
i'kqikydksavFkok o`Q"kdksadk thou jktkvksa rFkk jkfu;ksa osQ thouls rFkk O;kikfj;ksa dk thou f'kYidkjksa osQ thou ls cgqr fHkUu FkkAtSlkfd ge vkt Hkh ns[krs gSa] ml le; Hkh ns'k osQ vyx&vyx fgLlksaesa yksx vyx&vyx O;ogkjksa vkSj jhfr&fjokkksadk ikyu djrs FksAmnkgj.k osQ fy, vkt vaMeku }hi osQ vf/dka'k yksx viuk HkkstueNfy;k idM+ dj] f'kdkj djosQ rFkk iQy&iwQy osQ laxzg }kjk izkIrdjrs gSaA blosQ foijhr 'kgjksa esa jgus okys yksx [kk| vkiwr osQ fy,
vU; O;fDr;ksa ij fuHkZj djrs gSaA bl rjg osQ Hksn vrhr esa Hkhfo|eku FksA
blosQ vfrfjDr ,d vU; rjg dk Hksn gSA ml le; 'kkld viuhfot;ksa dk ys[kk&tks[kk j[krs FksA ;gh dkj.k gS fd ge mu 'kkldksarFkkmuosQ }kjk yM+h tkus okyh yM+kb;ksa osQ ckjs esadkiQh oqQN tkurs gSaAtcfd f'kdkjh] eNqvkjs] laxzkgd] o`Q"kd vFkok i'kqikyd tSls vkevkneh izk;% vius dk;ks dk ys[kk&tks[kk ugha j[krs FksA iqjkro dh
lgk;rk ls gesa muosQ thou dks tkuus esa enn feyrh gSA gkykafd vHkhHkh buosQ ckjs esa cgqr oqQN tkuuk 'ks"k gSA
frfFk;ksadk eryc
vxj dksbZ rqels frfFk osQ fo"k; esa iwNs rks rqe 'kk;n ml fnu dh
rkjh[k] ekg] o"kZ tSls fd 2000 ;k blh rjg dk dksbZ vkSj o"kZ
crkvksxhA o"kZ dh ;g x.kuk bZlkbZ keZ&izorZd bZlk elhg osQ tUedh frfFk ls dh tkrh gSA vr% 2000 o"kZ dgus dk rkRi;Z bZlk elhg
osQ tUe osQ 2000 o"kZ osQ ckn ls gSAbZlk elhg osQtUeosQiwoZdh
lHkh frfFk;k bZ-iw- (bZlk ls igys) osQ :i esa tkuh tkrh gaSA bl
iqLrd esas ge 2000 dks viuk vkjafHkd fcUnq ekurs gq, orZeku ls iwoZ
dh frfFk;ksa dk mYys[k djsaxsA
D;k] dc] dgk vkSj oSQls\
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gekjs vrhrI
bfrgkl vkSj frfFk;kvaxzskh esa ch-lh- (gnh esa bZ-iw-) dk rkRi;Z^fcI+kQksj kbLV* (bZlk iwoZ) gksrk gSA
dHkh&dHkh rqe frfFk;ksals igys ,-Mh- (gnh esa bZ-) fy[kk ikrh gksA ;g ^,uks MkWfeuh* uked nks ySfVu'kCnksals cuk gS rFkk bldk rkRi;ZbZlk elhg osQ tUe osQ o"kZls gSA
dHkh&dHkh ,-Mh- dh txg lh-bZ- rFkk ch-lh- dh txg ch-lh-bZ- dk iz;ksx gksrk gSA lh-bZ- v{kjksadkiz;ksx ^dkWeu ,jk* rFkk ch-lh-bZ- dk ^fcI+kQksj dkWeu ,jk* osQ fy, gksrk gSA ge bu 'kCnksadk iz;ksx blfy,djrs gSa D;ksafd fo'o osQ vf/dka'k ns'kksaesavc bl oSQysaMj dk iz;ksx lkekU; gks x;kA Hkkjr esa frfFk;ksaosQ bl :i dk iz;ksx yxHkx nks lkS o"kZiwoZvkjaHk gqvk FkkA
dHkh&dHkh vaxzskh osQ ch-ih- v{kjksadk iz;ksx gksrk gS ftldk rkRi;Z^fcI+kQksj izstsUV* (orZeku ls igys) gSA
i`"B 3 ij nk s frfFk;k gSa] mudk irk yxkvksA buosQ fy, rqe fdl v{kj lewg dk iz;ksx djksxh\
vU;=k
tSlkfd geus igys i
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mi;ksxh 'kCn;k=kk
ik.MqfyfivfHkys[kiqjkro
bfrgkldkjlzksr
vKkr fyfi dkvFkZfudkyuk
dYiuk djks
rqEgsa,d iqjkrofon~ dk lk{kkRdkj ysuk gSA rqe mu ikp iz'uksadh ,d lwph
rS;kj djks ftUgsarqe iqjkrofon~ ls iwNuk pkgksxhA
vkvks ;kn djsa
1. fuEufyf[kr dk lqesy djks %
ueZnk ?kkVh igyk cM+k jkT;
ex/ vk[ksV rFkk laxzg.k
xkjks igkfM+;k yxHkx 2500 o"kZ iwoZosQ uxj
fLak/q rFkk bldh lgk;d ufn;k vkjafHkd o`Qf"k
xaxk ?kkVh izFke uxj
2. ik.Mqfyfi;ksa rFkk vfHkys[kksaesa,d izeq[k varj crkvksA
felz osQ mkjh rV ij jksls^k uke dk ,d dlck gSA ;gkls ,d ,slk mRdh.kr iRFkj feyk gS ftl
ij ,d gh ys[k rhu fHkUu&fHkUu Hkk"kkvksa rFkk fyfi;ksa(;wukuh rFkk felzh fyfi osQ nks izdkjksa) esagSA oqQNfo}ku ;wukuh Hkk"kk i
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gekjs vrhrI
vkvks ppkZ djsa
3. j'khnk osQ iz'u dks fiQj ls i
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rq"kkj dh jsy;k=kk
rq"kkj vius ,d fj'rsnkj dh 'kknh esa fnYyh ls psUubZtk jgk FkkA jsy esamls f[kM+dh okyh lhV fey xbZ] tgkls og ckgj dk ukkjk ns[kus esaeXugks x;kA rsk nkSM+rh xkM+h ls mlus ns[kk fd isM+&ikS/s] ?kj] [ksr&[kfygkucM+h rskh ls ihNs dh vksj NwVrs pys tk jgs FksA rHkh mlosQ pkpk us mlosQoaQ/s ij gkFk j[k dj dgk] irk gS yksxksaus ek=k Ms
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gekj s vrhrI
,sls leqnk;ksaesajgus okys cPpksaosQ Kku vkSj xq.kksadk o.kZu djksA
D;k rqeesa,sls xq.k vkSj Kku gSa\
vk[ksVd&[kk| laxzkgd leqnk; osQ yksxksaosQ ,d txg ls nwljh txgij ?kwers jgus osQ ihNs de ls de pkj dkj.k gks ldrs gSaA
igyk dkj.k ;g fd vxj os ,d gh txg ij ;knk fnuksard jgrsrks vkl&ikl osQ ikS/ksa] iQyksavkSj tkuojksadks [kkdj lekIr dj nsrs FksAblfy, vkSj Hkkstu dh ryk'k esabUgsanwljh txgksaij tkuk iM+rk FkkA
nwljk dkj.k ;g fd tkuoj vius f'kdkj osQ fy, ;k fiQj fgj.k vkSjeos'kh viuk pkjk hyksa] >juksarFkk ufn;ksaesaghfeyrk gSA ;|fi dbZufn;ksavkSj >hyksadk ikuh dHkh ughalw[krk] oqQN>hyksavkSj ufn;ksaesaikuh ckfj'k osQ ckn gh fey ikrk gSA blhfy, ,slh>hyksavkSj ufn;ksaosQ fdukjs cls yksxksadks lw[ks ekSle esaikuh dh ryk'kesab/j&m/j tkuk iM+rk gksxkA blosQ vykok yksx vius ukrs&fj'rsnkjksa;kfe=kksals feyus Hkh tk;k djrs gksaxsA ;gk;g Lej.k j[kuk k:jh gS] fd;s lHkh yksx iSny ;k=kk fd;k djrs FksA
rqe LowQy oSQls tkrs gks\
rqEgsavius ?kj ls LowQy iSny tkus esafdruk le; yxrk gS\
vxj rqe cl ;k lkbfdy ls tkvks rks LowQy igqpus esafdruk le; yxsxk\
vkjafHkd ekuo osQ ckjs esatkudkjh oSQls feyrh gS\
iqjkrofonksadks oqQN ,slh oLrq,feyh gSaftudk fuekZ.k vkSj mi;ksxvk[ksVd&[kk| laxzkgd fd;k djrs FksA ;g laHko gS fd yksxksaus vius
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dke osQ fy, iRFkjksa] ydfM+;ksavkSj gfa;ksaosQ vkSkkj cuk, gksaA buesalsiRFkjksaosQ vkSkkj vkt Hkh cps gSaA
;gkiRFkjksaosQ vkSkkjksaosQ oqQN mi;ksx crk, x, gSaA ,sls dkeksadh ,dlwph cukvks ftuesabl rjg osQ vkSkkj dke vkrs gSaA crkvks fd buesals
dkSu&dkSu ls dke lkekU; iRFkjksals fd, tk ldrs gSaA dkj.k lfgr mkj nksAbuesals oqQN vkSkkjksadk mi;ksx iQy&iwQy dkVus] gfa;kvkSj ekal
dkVus rFkk isM+ksadh Nky vkSj tkuojksadh [kky mrkjus osQ fy, fd;ktkrk FkkA oqQN osQ lkFk gfa;ksa;k ydfM+;ksaosQ eq_s yxk dj Hkkys vkSjck.k tSls gfFk;kj cuk, tkrs FksA oqQN vkSkkjksals ydfM+;kdkVh tkrh FkhaAydfM+;ksadk mi;ksx b/u osQ lkFk&lkFk >ksifM+;kvkSj vkSkkj cukus osQfy, Hkh fd;k tkrk FkkA
iRFkj ls cus vkSk kj(d) ;s iRFkjksa ls cus
izkphure vkSkkj gSaA([k) bUgsa dbZ gkkj lky
ckn cuk;k x;kA(x) bUgsavkSj ckn esacuk;k
x;kA(?k) bUgsayxHkx 10 gkkjlky igys cuk;k x;kFkkA
() vkSj ;s xqfVdk(izko`Qfrd iRFkj) gSaA
iRFkj osQ vkSkkjksa dk mi;ksxck,% balku osQ [kkus ;ksX;tM+ksadks [kksnus osQ fy,fd;k tkrk Fkk] vkSjnk, % tkuojksadh [kky lscus oL=kksadks flyus osQfy, fd;k tkrk FkkA
d [k
x ?k
vkjafHkd ekuo dh [kkst esa
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gekj s vrhrI
jgus dh txg fu/kZfjr djuk
ekufp=k 2 dks ns[kksA yky f=kdks.k okys LFkku osiqjkLFkygSatgkijvk[ksVd&[kk| laxzkgdksaosQ gksus osQ izek.k feys gSaA buosQ vykok Hkh vkSj
dbZLFkkuksaij vk[ksVd&[kk| laxzkgd jgrs FksA ekufp=k esaflI+kZQ oqQNfxus&pqus LFkku gh fpfr fd, x, gSaA dbZiqjkLFky ufn;ksavkSj >hyksaosQfdukjs ik, x, gSaA
ekufp=k:2
oqQN egRoiw.kZ iqj kLFky
js[k kfp= kiSeku k ugh a fn;k x;k gSA
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pwafd iRFkj osQ midj.k cgqr egRoiw.kZFks blfy, yksx ,slh txg
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gekj s vrhrI
vxj rqEgsavius fuokl LFkku osQ ckjs esacrkuk iM+s rks rqe buesalsdkSu&lk uke pquksxs\
(d) vkokl([k) m|ksx&LFky(x) vkokl vkSj m|ksx&LFky(?k) vU;
ik"kk.k midj.k oSQls cuk,tkrs FksA blosQ fy, viukbZxbZnks rduhdksaesals ,d;gkn'kkZbZ xbZgSA crkvks;g dkSu&lh rduhd gSA
iqjkLFky
iqjkLFkyml LFkku dks dgrs gSatgkvkSkkj] crZu vkSjbekjrksatSlh oLrqvkssaosQ vo'ks"k feyrs gSaA ,slh oLrqvksadk
fuekZ.k yksxksaus vius dke osQ fy, fd;k Fkk vkSj ckn esaosmUgsaoghaNksM+ x,A ;s kehu osQ ij] vUnj] dHkh&dHkhleqnz vkSj unh osQ ry esaHkh ik, tkrs gSaA bu iqjkLFkyksaosQckjs esavkidks vxys v;k;ksaesacrk;k tk,xkA
ik"kk.k vkSkkjksadk fuekZ.k
ik"kk.k midj.kksadks izk;% nks rjhdksals cuk;k tkrk FkkA
1.iRFkj ls iRFkj dks VdjkukA ;kuh ftl iRFkj ls dksbZvkSkkj cukukgksrk Fkk] mls ,d gkFk esafy;k tkrk Fkk] vkSj nwljs gkFk ls ,d iRFkj dkgFkkSM+h tSlk bLrseky gksrk FkkA bl rjg vk?kkr djus okys iRFkj ls nwljsiRFkj ij rc rd 'kYd fudkys tkrs gSatc rd okafNr vkdkj okykmidj.k u cu tk,A
2.nwljs rjhosQ dks ^ncko 'kYd&rduhd* dgk tkrk gSA blesaksM dks,d fLFkj lrg ij fVdk;k tkrk gS vkSj bl ksM ij g h ;k iRFkj j[kdjml ij gFkkSM+huqek iRFkj ls 'kYd fudkys tkrs gSaftlls okafNr midj.k
cuk, tkrs gSaA
vkx dh [kkst
ekufp=k 2 esaoqQjuwy xqiQk
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vkt ge vkx dk mi;ksx fdlfy, djrs gSa\
cnyrh tyok;qyxHkx 12]000 lky igys nqfu;k dh tyok;qesa cM+s cnyko vk, vkSjxehZc
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gekj s vrhrI
lkFk gh os ;g Hkh lh[kus yxs gksaxs fd ;g vukt dgkmxrs Fks vkSj dciddj rS;kj gksrs FksA ,slk djrs&djrs yksxksa us bu vuktksadks [kqn iSnk
djuk lh[k fy;k gksxkA'kSy fp=kdyk % buls gesaD;k irk pyrk gS\
ftu xqiQkvksaesayksx jgrs Fks] muesals oqQN dh nhokjksaij fp=k feys gSaAbuesaoqQN lqUnj mnkgj.k e; izns'k vkSj nf{k.kh mkj izns'k dhxqiQkvksals feys fp=k gSaA buesataxyh tkuojksadk cM+h oqQ'kyrk ls
ltho fp=k.k fd;k x;k gSA
dkSu D;k djrk Fkk\geus i
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dbZizdkj osQ vkSkkj feys FksA ;s laHkor% vkokl vkSj m|ksx&LFky jgsgksaxsA oqQN NksVs iqjkLFkyksaesaHkh vkSkkjksaosQ cuk, tkus osQ izek.k feys gSaA
buessals oqQN iqjkLFky >juksaosQ fudV FksA vf/dka'k vkSkkj pwuk&iRFkjksalscuk, tkrs FksA
D;k rqe nwljs izdkj osQ iqjkLFkyksaosQ uke crk ldrs gks\
vU;=k
vius ,Vyl esaizQkal
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gekj s vrhrI
dYiuk djks
rqe vkt ls 12]000 lky igys iRFkj dh ,d xqiQk esajgrs gksA i"B 15 ij
ns[kksA rqEgkjs ekek xqiQk dh ,d Hkhrjh nhokj ij fp=k cuk jgs gSavkSj rqe mudhlgk;rk djuk pkgrs gksA rqe jax cukvksxs] js[kk,[khapksxs ;k fiQj muesajax Hkjksxs\
rqEgkjs ekek rqEgsadkSu&dkSu lh dgkfu;klquk,xs\
vkvks ;kn djsa
1. bu okD;ksadks iwjk djksA
(d) vk[ksVd&[kk| laxzkgd xqiQkvksaesablfy, jgrs Fks D;ksafdA
([k) ?kkl okys eSnkuksadk fodkllky igys gqvkA
(x) vkja fHkd yksxksaus xqiQkvksadh
ij fp=k cuk,A(?k) gq Lxh esa
ls vkSkkj cuk, tkrs FksA
2. miegk}hi osQ vk/qfud jktuhfrd ekufp=k dks i`"B 136 ij ns[kksA mu
jkT;ksadks
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4. vkt rqe iQy dkVus osQ fy, dkSu&ls vkSkkj pquksxs\ og vkSkkj fdl phk
ls cuk gksxk\
5. vk[ksVd&[kk| laxzkgd vkx dk mi;ksx fdu&fdu phkksaosQ fy, djrs
Fks\ D;k rqe vkt vkx dk mi;ksx buesals fdlh phk osQ fy, djksxs!
vkvks djosQ ns[ksa
6. viuh iqfLrdk osQ iUus ij ,d ykbu [khapdj blosQ nks [kkus cukvksA ck,
[kkus esa] mu [kk| inkFkksdh lwph cukvks] ftUgsavk[ksVd&[kk| laxzkgd
[kkrs Fks (i`"B 11 ij ns[kks) vkSj nk,[kkus esarqe tks phksa[kkrs gks muesa
ls oqQN osQ uke fy[kksA D;k rqEgsabu nksuksaesadksbZlekurk ;k Hksn fn[kkbZ
nsrk gS\
7. ;fn rqEgkjs ikl dksbZ xqfVdk (izko`Qfrd iRFkj dk VqdM+k] tSls fd
(i`"B 13 ij fn[kk;k x;k gS) gks rks mls fdl dke osQ fy, bLrseky
djksxs\
8. ,sls nks dke fy[kks ftUgsavkt efgyk,vkSj iq#"k nksuksadjrs gSaA nks ,sls
dke crkvks ftUgsa flI+kZQ efgyk, gh djrh gSavkSj nks os ftUgsaflI+kZQ iq#"k
gh djrs gSaA viuh lwph dh vius nks lkfFk;ksadh lwfp;ksals rqyuk djksA
D;k rqEgsabuesadksbZlekurk ;k Hksn fn[kkbZns jgk gS\
vkjafHkd ekuo dh [kkst esa
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gekj s vrhrI
usbuqvks dk Hkkstu
vkt usbuqvks viuk ilanhnk [kkuk [kk jgh Fkh& pkoy] LDokW'k] dn~nw] chUl
vkSj xks'rA LDokW'k] dn~nwvkSj chUl mldh ukuh us vius ?kj osQ fiNokM+s
osQ NksVs ls cxhps esagh mxk;k FkkA [kkrs&[kkrs usbuqvks dks fiNys fnuksaviuh
LowQy dh rjI+kQ ls dh xbZ;k=kk osQ nkSjku e; izns'k esa [kk, [kkus dh ;kn
vk xbZA og fdruk elkysnkj FkkA ij og ,slk D;ksaFkk\
fofHkUu izdkj osQ Hkkstu
vkt gesa vius Hkkstu dk vf/dka'k fgLlk mxkbZ xbZ I+kQlyksavkSj ikysx, i'kqvksals feyrk gSA fHkUu&fHkUu I+kQlyksadks mxkus osQ fy, fHkUu&fHkUutyok;q dh vko';drk iM+rh gS tSls /ku dh [ksrh osQ fy, xsgw ;k tkSdh rqyuk esa;knk ikuh dh k:jr iM+rh gSA blhfy, ge ns[krs gSa fdfdlku fo'ks"k I+kQly fo'ks"k {ks=kksaesagh mxkrs gSaA ;gh ugha i'kqvksadks Hkh
vius vuqowQy okrkoj.k dh vko';drk gksrh gSA mnkgj.k osQ rkSj ijge ns[k ldrs gSafd lw[kh vkSj igkM+h tyok;q esaeosf'k;ksadh rqyukesa HksM+ ;k cdjh vf/d lgtrkiwoZd thfor jg ldrs gSaA ij tSlkfdrqeus v;k; 2 esai
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blh rjg yksxksa us vius ?kjksaosQ vkl&ikl pkjk j[kdj tkuojksadksvkdf"kZr dj mUgsa ikyrw cuk;k gksxkA lcls igys ftl taxyh tkuoj
dks ikyrwcuk;k x;k og oqQks dk taxyh iwoZt FkkA /hjs&/hjs yksx HksM+]cdjh] xk; vkSj lwvj tSls tkuojksa dks vius ?kjksaosQ uknhd vkus dksmRlkfgr djus yxsA ,sls tkuoj >q.M esa jgrs Fks vkSj ;knkrj ?kkl [kkrsFksA vDlj yksx vU; taxyh tkuojksa osQ vke.k ls budh lqj{kk fd;k
djrs Fks vkSj bl rjg /hjs&/hjs os i'kqikydcu x, gksaxsA
D;k rqe crk ldrh gks fd lcls igys oqQkksa dks gh ikyrwD;ksacuk;k x;k\
clus dh izf;k
yksxksa }kjk ikS/s mxkus vkSj tkuojksadh ns[kHkky djus dks ^clus dh izf;k* dk uke fn;k x;k gSA viuk,
x, ;s ikS/s rFkk tkuoj vDlj taxyh ikS/ksa rFkk tkuojksals fHkUu gksrs gSaA bldh oTkg ;g gS fd clus
dh izf;k dh fn'kk esaviuk, x, ikS/ksa;k tkuojksa dk yksx p;u djrs gSaA mnkgj.k osQ rkSj ij yk sx
mUghaikS/ksarFkk tkuojksadk p;u djrs gSa ftuosQ chekj gksus dh laHkkouk de gksA ;gh ugha] yksx mUgha
ikS/ksa dks pqurs gSa ftuls cM+s nkus okys vukt iSnk gksrs gSa_ lkFk gh ftudh ekcwr MaBys vukt osQ iosQ
nkuksaosQ Hkkj dks laHkky losaQA ,sls ikS/ksa osQ chtksadks laHkkydj j[kk tkrk gS rkfd fiQj ls mxkus osQ
fy, muosQ xq.k lqjf{kr jg losaQA
mUghatkuojksa dks vkxs iztuu osQ fy, pquk
tkrk gS] tks vkerkSj ij vfgald gksrs gSaA blfy,
ge ns[krs gSa fd ikys x, tkuoj rFkk f"k osQ
fy, viuk, x, ikS/s] taxyh tkuojk sa rFkk
ikS/ksals /hjs&khjs fHkUu gksrs x,A felky osQ rkSj
ij taxyh tkuojksadh rqyuk esaikyrwtkuojksaosQ nkr vkSj lhax NksVs gksrs gSaA
bu nkrksa dks ns[kksA buesa ls dkSu&lk taxyh lwvj dk gS vkSj dkSu&lk ikyrw lwvj dk\
clus dh izf;k iwjh nqfu;k esa /hjs&/hjs pyrh jghA ;g djhc 12]000 lky igys 'kq: gqbZA okLro
esavkt ge tks Hkkstu djrs gSaoks blh clus dh izf;k dh otg ls gSA f"k osQ fy, viukbZxbZlcls
izkphu i- QlyksaesaxsgwrFkk tkS vkrs gSa] mlh rjg lcls igys ikyrw cuk, x, tkuojksaesaoqQks osQ ckn
HksM+&cdjh vkrs gSaA
Hkkstu% laxzg ls mRiknu rd
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gekj s vrhrI
,d uohu thou&'kSyh
rqe fdlh ikS/s osQ cht dks cks dj ns[kks] rqe ikvksxh fd bls fodflrgksus esaoqQN oDr yxrk gSA blesa oqQN fnu] eghus ;k fiQj lky rd yxldrk gSA blfy, tc yksx ikS/s mxkus yxs rks mudh ns[kHkky osQ fy,mUgsa ,d gh txg ij yacs le; rd jguk iM+k FkkA cht cksus ls ysdjI+kQlyksaosQ idus rd] ikS/ksadh flapkbZdjus] [kjirokj gVkus] tkuojksavkSj fpfM+;ksals mudh lqj{kk djus tSls cgqr&ls dke 'kkfey FksA dVkbZ
osQ ckn] vukt dk mi;ksx cgqr laHkky dj djuk iM+rk FkkA
vukt dks Hkkstu vkSj cht] nksuksagh :iksaesacpk dj j[kuk vko';dFkk] blfy, yksxksa dks blosQ HkaMkj.k dh ckr lkspuh iM+hA cgqr&lsbykdksaesayksxksausfehosQ cM+s&cM+s crZu cuk,] Vksdfj;kcquha ;k fiQjkehu esa x k [kksnkAD;k rqEgsayxrk gS fd f'kdkjh ;k Hkkstu&laxzg djusokys crZu cukrs vkSj mudk iz;ksx djrs gksaxs\ vius tokc dkdkj.k crkvksA
tkuoj % pyrs&fiQjrs ^[kk|&HkaMkj*
tkuoj cPps nsrs gSaftlls mudh la[;k c
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vukt vkSj gf;k iqjkLFky
xsgw] tkS] HksM+] cdjh] eos'kh esgjx
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gekj s vrhrI
LFkk;h thou dh vksj
iqjkrofonksadks oqQN iqjkLFkyksaij >ksifM+;ksavkSj ?kjksaosQ fu'kku feys gSaAtSls fd cqkZgkse (orZeku d'ehj esa) osQ yksx xs osQ uhps ?kj cukrs FksftUgs xrZokl dgk tkrk gSA buesamrjus osQ fy, lhfksifM+;ksaosQvanj vkSj ckgj nksuksagh LFkkuksaij vkx tykus dh txgsafeyh gSaA ,slk
yxrk gS fd yksx ekSle osQ vuqlkj ?kj osQ vanj ;k ckgj [kkuk idkrs gksaxsA,d xrZokl dk fp=k cukvksAcgqr lkjh txgksals iRFkj osQ vkSkkj Hkh feys gSaA buesa ls dbZ,sls gSa]
tks iqjkik"kk.k;qxhu midj.kksa ls fHkUu gSaA blhfy, bUgsauoik"kk.k ;qxdkekuk x;k gSA buesa os vkSkkj Hkh gSa] ftudh kkj dks vkSj vf/d iSukdjus osQ fy, mu ij ikWfy'k p
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dks j[kus osQ fy, fd;k tkrk FkkA /hjs&/hjs yksx crZuksa dk iz;ksx [kkuk
cukus osQ fy, Hkh djus yxsA pkoy] xsgw rFkk nygu tSls vukt
vc vkgkj dk egRoiw.kZfgLlk cu x, FksA blosQ lkFk&lkFk vc yksxdiM+s Hkh cquus yxs FksA blosQ fy, dikl tSls vko';d ikS/s mxk, tk
ldrs FksA
D;k ;s ifjorZu gj txg ,d lkFk gh vk x, gksaxs\ ,slh ckr ugha
gSA ,d rjI+kQ tgkdbZtxgksaij L=kh&iq#"k f'kdkj vkSj Hkkstu&laxzg djus
dk dke djrs jgs Fks oghavU; yksxksaus gkkjksalkyksaosQ njE;ku /hjs&khjs
[ksrh vkSj i'kqikyu dks viuk fy;kA cgqr txg yksx ekSle osQ eqrkfcdcny&cny dj viuh thfodk pyk;k djrs FksA
vU; jhfr&fjokt
iqjkrofon~cgqr Li"V :i ls bl ckjs esaoqQN ughadg ldrsA fo}kuksaus,sls fdlkuksadk v;;u fd;k gSA buesaizk;% "kd vkSj i'kqikyd lewgesajgrs gSaftUgsatutkfrdgrs gSaA fo}kuksaus ik;k gS fd ;s yksx oqQN ,sls
jhfr&fjoktksadks ekurs gSa] tks laHkor% igys ls gh izpfyr jgs gSaA
D;k rqe dYiuk dj ldrhgks fd bl ik=k esaD;k j[kk
gksxk\
tutkfr
izk;% tutkfr osQ yksx NksVh&NksVh cfLr;ksa esajgrs gSaA ;knkrj ifjokj ,d&nwljs ls lacaf/r gksrs gSa vkSj
bl rjg osQ ifjokjksaosQ lewg feydj tutkfr dk fuekZ.k djrs gSaA
tutkfr osQ lnL; f'kdkj] Hkkstu&laxzg] [ksrh] i'kqikyu vkSj eNyh idM+us tSls is'ks viukrs gSaAvDlj efgyk,[ksrh dk lkjk dke djrh gSaA blesa kehu rS;kj dj cht cksus] ikS/s dh ns[kHkky djus
ls ysdj Ik- Qly dkVus rd dk dke 'kkfey gSA cPps ikS/ksadh ns[kHkky djrs gSavkSj fpfM+;ksa vkSjtkuojksadks nwj Hkxkrs gSarkfd os ikS/ksavkSj Ik-Qlyksadks uqdlku u igqpk,A efgyk,Ik- Qly nkodjvukt owQVrh&ihlrh gSaA iq#"k vkerkSj ij i'kqvksaosQ cM+s&cM+s >q.Mksadks pjkrs gSatcfd cPps NksVs>q.Mksa dksA ;gk tkuojksadh lIk-QkbZrFkk nw/ fudkyus dk dke L=kh&iq#"k nksuksafeydj djrs gSaA mlhrjg nksuksa feydj crZu cukus] Vksdfj;kcquus] vkSkkj rFkk >ksifM+;kcukus dk dke Hkh lkFk&lkFk djrsgSaA xkuk] ukp vkSj ?kjksadh ltkoV Hkh mudh fkanxh dk ,d vge fgLlk gSA
Hkkstu% laxzg ls mRiknu rd
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gekj s vrhrI
lw{e&fujh{k.k
(d) esgjx
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esgjx
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gekj s vrhrI
([k) nkvkstyh gsfMax
ekufp=k 2 (i`"B 14) esa nkvkstyh gsfMax ksxh fd vc Ik- Qly dkVus yk;d
gks xbZgS\
mi;ksxh 'kCn"kd
i'kqikyd
uoik"kk.k ;qx
crZututkfr
xko
?kj
dcz
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vkvks ;kn djsa
1. [ksrh djus okys yksx ,d gh LFkku ij yacs le; rd D;ksajgrs Fks\
2. i`"B 25 dh rkfydk dks ns[kksA usbuqvks vxj pkoy [kkuk pkgrh gS] rks mlsfdu LFkkuksaij tkuk pkfg,A
3. iqjkrofon~,slk D;ksaekurs gSafd esgjx
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gekjs vrhrI
iqjkus Hkou dk laj{k.k
tliky vkSj gjizhr vius ?kj osQ ikl dh xyh esafosQV [ksy jgs FksA mUgksaus
ns[kk fd oqQN yksx ml [kaMgj ?kj dh rkjhIk- Q dj jgs Fks] ftls xyh osQ cPps
Hkqrgk ?kj dgk djrs FksA
,d us dgk] ^bldh okLrqdyk dks ns[kks!*
^D;k vkius dghaydM+h ij bruh lqUnj uDdk'kh ns[kh gS\* nwljh efgyk usdgk]
^gesaea=kh th dks i=k fy[kdj dguk pkfg, fd og bl [kwclwjr ?kj dks
lqjf{kr j[kus osQ fy, bldh ejEer djkus dh O;oLFkk djsaA*
;g lc lqudj tliky vkSj gjizhr lkspus yxs] fd bl iqjkus [kaMgj ls yksxksa
dk bruk yxko D;ksagks ldrk gS\
gM+Iik dh dgkuh
vDlj iqjkuh bekjr viuh dgkuh crkrh gSA yxHkx 150 lky igys tciatkc esaigyh ckj jsyos ykbusafcNkbZtk jgh Fkha] rks bl dke esatqVs
bathfu;jksadks vpkud gM+Iik iqjkLFky feyk] tks vk/qfud ikfdLRkku esa
gSA mUgksaus lkspk fd ;g ,d ,slk [kaMgj gS] tgkls vPNh bVsafeysaxhA ;g
lkspdj os gM+Iik osQ [kaMgjksals gkkjksabVsam[kkM+ ys x, ftlls mUgksaus
jsyos ykbusafcNkbZaA blls dbZbekjrsaiwjh rjg u"V gks xbA
mlosQ ckn yxHkx 80 lky igys iqjkrofonksaus bl LFky dks
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izk;% iqjkuh bekjrksadks rksM+dj mudh txg u, Hkou cuk, tkrs gSaAD;k rqEgsayxrk gS fd iqjkuh bekjrksadks lqjf{kr j[kuk pkfg,\
bu uxjksa dh fo'ks"krk D;k Fkh\
bu uxjksaesals dbZdks nks ;k mlls ;knk fgLlksaesafoHkkftr fd;k x;kFkkA izk;% if'peh Hkkx NksVk Fkk ysfdu pkbZij cuk Fkk vkSj iwohZfgLlk
cM+k Fkk ysfdu ;g fupys bykosQ esaFkkA pkbZokys Hkkx dks iqjkrofonksausuxj&nqxZdgk gS vkSj fupys fgLls dksfupyk&uxjdgk gSA nksuksafgLlksadh pkjnhokfj;kidh bVksadh cukbZtkrh FkhaA
bldh bVsabruh vPNh Fkhafd gkkjksalkyksacknvkt rd mudh nhokjsa[kM+h jghaA nhokj cukus
osQ fy, bVksadh fpukbZbl rjg djrs Fks ftllsfd nhokjsa[kwc ekcwr jgsaA
oqQN uxjksaosQuxj&nqxZesaoqQN [kkl bekjrsacukbZxbZFkhaA felky osQ rkSj ij eksgutksnM+ks esa[kkl rkykc cuk;k x;k Fkk] ftls iqjkrofonksa
us egku Lukukxkj dgk gSA bl rkykc dks cukusesabV vkSj IykLVj dk bLrseky fd;k x;k FkkAblesaikuh dk fjlko jksdus osQ fy, IykLVj osQij pkjdksy dh ijr p
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gekjs vrhrI
Hkou] ukys vkSj lM+osaQ
bu uxjksaosQ ?kj vkerkSj ij ,d ;k nks eafkysagksrs FksA ?kj osQ vkaxu osQ
pkjksavksj dejs cuk, tkrs FksA vf/dka'k ?kjksaesa,d vyx Luku?kj gksrk
Fkk] vkSj oqQN ?kjksaesaoqQ,Hkh gksrs FksA
dbZuxjksaesaa
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uxjh; thou
gM+Iik osQ uxjksaesacM+h gypy jgk djrh gksxhA ;gkij ,slsyksx jgrs gksaxs] tks uxj dh [kkl bekjrsacukus dh ;kstuk esatqVsjgrs FksA ;s laHkor% ;gkosQ 'kkld FksA ;g Hkh laHko gS] fd ;s'kkld yksxksadks Hkst dj nwj&nwj ls /krq] cgqewY; iRFkj vkSjvU; mi;ksxh phksaexokrs FksA 'kk;n 'kkld yksx [kwclwjr
eudksarFkk lksus&pknh ls cus vkHkw"k.kksatSlh dherh phkksadksvius ikl j[krs gksaxsA bu uxjksaesafyfidHkh gksrs Fks] tks eqgjksaij rks fy[krs gh Fks] vkSj 'kk;n vU; phkksaij Hkh fy[krs gksaxs]
tks cp ughaikbZgSaA
blosQ vykok uxjksaeasf'kYidkjL=kh&iq#"k Hkh jgrs Fks tksvius ?kjksa;k fdlh m|ksx&LFky ij rjg&rjg dh phksacukrs
gksaxsA yksx yach ;k=kk,Hkh djrs Fks] vkSj ogkls mi;ksxh oLrq,ykrs Fks] vkSj lkFk gh ykrs Fks lqnwj ns'kksadh fdLls&dgkfu;kAfeh ls cus dbZf[kykSus Hkh feys gSa] ftuls cPps [ksyrs gksaxsA
uxj esajgus okys yksxksadh ,d lwph cukvksAD;k buesals oqQN ,sls yksx gSa] tks esgjx
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gekjs vrhrI
uxj vkSj u, f'kYi
vkvks vc oqQN ,slh phkksaosQ ckjs esav;;u djsatks gM+Iik osQ uxjksalsizkIr gqbZgSaA iqjkrofonksadks tks phksaogkfeyh gSa] muesavf/drj iRFkj]'ka[k] rkcs] dkls] lksus vkSj pknh tSlh/krqvksals cukbZxbZFkhaA rkcs vkSjdkls ls vkSkkj] gfFk;kj] xgus vkSj crZu cuk, tkrs FksA lksus vkSj pknh lsxgus vkSj crZu cuk, tkrs FksA
;gkfeyh lcls vkd"kZd oLrqvksaesaeuosQ] ckV vkSj iQyd gSaA
ij% iRFkj osQ ckV ns[kksAfdrus ;ku ls vkSj mi;qDrrjhosQ ls bu ckVkas dks cuk;kx;k gSA bUgas pVZiRFkj lscuk;k x;k FkkA bUgsa'kk;n
cgqewY; iRFkj vkSj /krqvksadks rkSyus osQ fy, cuk;kx;k gksxkAe; esack,euosQA buesals
dbZdkuhZfy;u iRFkjksalscuk, x, FksA iRFkjksas dks dkVvkSj rjk'kdj euosQ cuk,
x,A buosQ chp Nsn fd,x, Fks rkfd /kxk Mkydj
ekyk cukbZtk,Ae; esank,iRFkj osQ kkjnkj
iQyduhpsnk,%d
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buesals vf/dka'k oLrqvksadk fuekZ.kfo'ks"kKksaus fd;k FkkA fo'ks"kKmls dgrs gSa] tks fdlh [kkl phk dks cukus osQ fy, [kkl izf'k{k.k ysrk
gS tSls & iRFkj rjk'kuk] euosQ pedkuk ;k fiQj eqgjksaij iPphdkjhdjuk] vkfnA i`"B 36 ij fp=k ns[kks fd ewr dk psgjk fdrus vkd"kZd
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gekjs vrhrI
phkksadks ,d txg ls nwljhtxg oSQls ys tk;k tkrkFkk\
bu fp=kksadks ns[kksA ,df[kykSuk gS] vkSj nwljh ,deqgjAD;k rqe crk ldrs gks] fdgM+Iik osQ yksx ;krk;kr osQfy, fdu lk/uksadk iz;ksxdjrsFks\fiNysv;k;ksaesaD;k rqedksifg, okysokguksadhtkudkjh nh xbZgS\
gM+Iik osQ yksx rkcs dk vk;kr lEHkor% vkt osQ jktLFkkuls djrs FksA ;gkrd fd if'pe ,f'k;kbZns'k vkseku ls Hkh
rkcs dk vk;kr fd;k tkrk FkkA dklk cukus osQ fy, rkacs osQlkFk feykbZtkus okyh /krqfVu dk vk;kr vk/qfud bZjkuvkSj vi- QxkfuLrku ls fd;k tkrk FkkA lksus dk vk;krvk/qfud dukZVd vkSj cgqewY; iRFkj dk vk;kr xqtjkr] bZjku
vkSj vi- QxkfuLrku ls fd;k tkrk FkkA
uxjksa eas jgus okyksa osQ fy, Hkkstu
yksx uxjksaosQ vykok xkoksaesaHkh jgrs FksA os vukt mxkrs Fks vkSj tkuoj
ikyrs FksA fdlku vkSj pjokgs gh 'kgjksaesajgus okys 'kkldksa] ys[kdksa
vkSj nLrdkjksadks [kkus osQ lkeku nsrs FksA ikS/ksaosQ vo'ks"kksals irkpyrk gS fd gM+Iik osQ yksx xsgw] tkS] nkysa] eVj] /ku] fry vkSj ljlksa
mxkrs FksA
kehu dh tqrkbZosQ fy,gydk iz;ksx ,d ubZckr FkhA gM+Iik dky
osQ gy rks ugha cp ik, gSa] D;ksafd os izk;% ydM+h ls cuk,
tkrs Fks] ysfdu gy osQ vkdkj osQ f[kykSus feys gSaA bl {ks=k esackfj'k de
gksrh gS] blfy,lpkbZosQ fy, yksxksaus oqQN
rjhosQ viuk, gksaxsA laHkor% ikuh dk lap;fd;k tkrk gksxk vkSj t:jr iM+us ij mlls
i- Qlyksadh lpkbZdh tkrh gksxhA
gM+Iik osQ yksx xk;] HkSal] HksM+ vkSj cdfj;k
ikyrs FksA cfLr;ksaosQ vkl&ikl rkykc vkSj pkjkxkg gksrs FksA ysfdu
lw[ks eghuksaesaeosf'k;ksaosQ >qaMksadks pkjk&ikuh dh ryk'k esanwj&nwj rd
cPpksadk f[kykSukgyAvkt gy pykus okys
T+;knkrj fdlku iq#"k gksrs gSaAgesaKkr ughagS fd D;kgM+Iik esaHkh ;gh izFkk FkhA
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ys tk;k tkrk FkkA os csj tSls iQyksadks bdk djrs Fks] eNfy;kidM+rs
Fks] vkSj fgj.k tSls tkuojksadk f'kdkj Hkh djrs FksA
xqtjkr esa gM+Iikdkyhu uxj dk lw{e&fujh{k.k
dPN osQ bykosQ esa[kfnj csr osQ fdukjs /kSykohjk uxj clk FkkA ogk
lki- Q ikuh feyrk Fkk vkSj kehu mitk FkhA tgkgM+Iik lH;rk osQ dbZ
uxj nks HkkxksaesafoHkDr Fks ogha/kSykohjk uxj dks rhu HkkxksaesackVk x;k
FkkA blosQ gj fgLls osQ pkjksavksj iRFkj dh ph&ph nhokj cukbZxbZ
FkhA blosQ vanj tkus osQ fy, cMs+&cM+s izos'k&}kj FksA bl uxj esa,d [kqyk
eSnku Hkh Fkk] tgklkoZtfud dk;Ze vk;ksftr fd, tkrs FksA ;gkfeys
oqQN vo'ks"kksaesagM+Iik fyfi osQ cM+ s&cM+s v{kjksadks iRFkjksaesa[kqnk ik;k
x;k gSA bu vfHkys[kksadks laHkor% ydM+h esatM+k x;k FkkA ;g ,d
vuks[kk vo'ks"k gS] D;ksafd vkerkSj ij gM+Iik osQ ys[k eqgj tSlh NksVh
oLrqvksaij ik, tkrs gSaA
xqtjkr dh [kEHkkr dh [kkM+h esafeyus okyh lkcjerh dh ,d miunh
osQ fdukjs clk yksFky uxj ,sls LFkku ij clk Fkk] tgkdherh iRFkj tSlkdPpk eky vklkuh ls fey tkrk FkkA ;g iRFkjksa] 'ka[kksavkSj /krqvksals
cukbZxbZphkksadk ,d egRoiw.kZosaQnz FkkA bl uxj esa,d HkaMkj x`g Hkh
FkkA bl HkaMkj x`g ls dbZeqgjsavkSj eqnzkadu ;k eqgjcanh (xhyh fe h ij
nckus ls cuh mudh Nki) feys gSaA
yksFky dk cUnjxkgA
;g cM+k rkykc yksFky dkcUnjxkg jgk gksxk] tgkleqnzosQ jkLrs vkus okyh ukosa#drh FkhaA laHkor% ;gkijeky p
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gekjs vrhrI
;gkij ,d bekjr feyh gS] tgklaHkor% euosQ cukus dk dke gksrk
FkkA iRFkj osQ VqdM+s] v/cus euosQ] euosQ cukus okys midj.k vkSj rS;kj
euosQ Hkh ;gkfeys gSaA
eqnzk (eqgj) vkSj eqnzkadu ;k eqgjcanh
eqgjksadk iz;ksx lkeku ls Hkjs mu fMCcksa;k FkSyksadks fpfr djus osQ fy,fd;k tkrk gksxk] ftUgsa,d txg ls nwljh txg Hkstk tkrk FkkA FkSys dkscan djus osQ ckn muosQ eqgkuksaij xhyh feh iksr dj mu ij eqgj yxkbZtkrh FkhA eqgj dh Nki dks eqgjcUnh dgrs gSaA
vxj ;g Nki VwVh gqbZughagksrh Fkh] rks ;g lkfcr gks tkrk Fkk] fdlkeku osQ lkFk NsM+&NkM+ ughagqbZgSA
vkt Hkh eqgj dk iz;ksx gksrk gSA irk yxkvks fd eqgjksadk mi;ksxfdlfy, fd;k tkrk gSA
lH;rk osQ var dk jgL;
yxHkx 3900 lky igys ,d cM+k cnyko ns[kus dks feyrk gSA vpkudyksxksaus bu uxjksadks NksM+ fn;kA ys[ku] eqgj vkSj ckVksadk iz;ksx can gksx;kA nwj&nwj ls dPps eky dk vk;kr dkiQh de gks x;kA eksgutksnM+ks esalM+dksaij dpjs osQ
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fLak/ vkSj iatkc dh cfLr;kmtM+ xbZFkhaA dbZyksx iwoZvkSj nf{k.k osQbykdksaesaubZvkSj NksVh cfLr;ksaesatkdj cl x,A
blosQ yxHkx 1400 lky ckn u, uxjksadk fodkl gqvkA buosQ ckjs esarqe v;k; 6 vkSj 9 esai
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gekjs vrhrI
vkvks ;kn djsa
1. iqjkrofonksa dks oSQls Kkr gqvk fd gM+Iik lH;rk osQ nkSjku diM+s dk
mi;ksx gksrk Fkk\
2. fuEufyf[kr dk lqesy djks %
rkck xqtjkr
lksuk vi- QxkfuLrku
fVu jktLFkku
cgqewY; iRFkj dukZVd
3. gM+Iik osQ yksxksaosQ fy, /krq,] ys[ku] ifg;k vkSj gy D;ksa egRoiw.kZFks\
vkvks ppkZ djsa
4. bl v;k; esa idh feh (VsjkdksVk) ls cus lHkh f[kykSuksa dh lwph
cukvksA buesals dkSu&ls f[kykSus cPpksadks ;knk ilan vk, gksaxs\
5. gM+Iik osQ yksxksadh Hkkstu lkexzh dh lwph cukvksA vkt buesals rqe
D;k&D;k [kkrs gks\ fu'kku yxkdj crkvksA
6. gM+Iik osQ fdlkuksavkSj i'kqikydksadk thou D;k mu fdlkuksals fHkUu Fkk]
ftuosQ ckjs esa rqeus fiNys v;k; esai
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iqLrdky; esa esjh
tSls gh ?kaVh cth f'k{kd us Nk=kksadks vius lkFk vkus dks dgkA vkt osigyh ckj iqLrdky; tk jgs FksA esjh us ns[kk fd iqLrdky; mldh d{kkls dkiQh cM+k Fkk vkSj ogk fdrkcksa ls Hkjs dbZ jSd FksA dksus esa ,dvyekjh Fkh tks eksVh&eksVh fdrkcksals Hkjh FkhA esjh dks ,d vyekjh
[kksyus dh dksf'k'k djrs ns[k f'k{kd us dgk] ml vyekjh esavyx&vyx/eksls tqM+h gqbZegRoiw.kZfdrkcsagSaA D;k rqEgsaekywe gS fd gekjs iklosnksadk Hkh ,d laxzg gS\
esjh lkspus yxhA osn D;k gS\ pyks irk yxk,A
nqfu;k osQ izkphure xzaFkk sa es a ,d
'kk;n rqeus osnksaosQ ckjs esa lquk gksxkA osn pkj gSa Xosn] lkeosn]
;tqosZn rFkk vFkoZosnA lcls iqjkuk osn gS] Xosn ftldh jpuk yxHkx3500 lky igys gqbZA Xosn esa,d gkkj ls ;knkizkFkZuk,gSaftUgsa]
lwDrdgk x;k gSA lwDr dk eryc gS] vPNh rjg ls cksyk x;kA ;s
fofHkUu nsoh&nsorkvksadh Lrqfr esa jps x, gSaA buesals rhu nsork cgqr
egRoiw.kZgSa % vfXu] bUnz vkSj lkseA vfXu vkx osQ nsork] bUnz ;q osQ
nsork gSavkSj lkse ,d ikS/k gS] ftlls ,d [kkl is; cuk;k tkrk FkkA
oSfnd izkFkZukvksa dh jpuk f"k;ksaus dh FkhA vkpk;Z fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks
bUgsa v{kjksa] 'kCnksa vkSj okD;ksaesackVdj] lLoj ikB }kjk oaQBLFk djokrs
FksA vf/dka'k lwDrksa osQ jpf;rk] lh[kus vkSj fl[kkus okys iq#"k FksA dqN
izkFkZukvksa dh jpuk efgykvksaus Hkh dh FkhA Xosn dh Hkk"kk izkd~
laLo`Qr ;k oSfnd laLo`Qr dgykrh gSA rqe LowQy esas tks laLo`Qr i
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gekj s vrhrI
laLo`Qr vkSj vU; Hkk"kk,
laLo`Qr Hkk"kk Hkkjksih; (Hkkjr;wjksih;) Hkk"kk&ifjokj dk fgLlk gSA Hkkjr dh dbZ Hkk"kk, & vlfe;k]xqtjkrh] fganh] d'ehjh vkSj fla/h] ,f'k;kbZHkk"kk,atSls I+kQkjlh rFkk ;wjksi dh cgqr&lh Hkk"kk,tSls &vaxzskh] iz-Qkalhlh] teZu] ;wukuh] brkyoh] LiSfu'k vkfn blh ifjokj ls tqM+h gqbZgSaA mUgsa ,d Hkk"kk&ifjokjblfy, dgk tkrk gS D;ksafd vkjaHk eas muesadbZ'kCn ,d tSls FksA mnkgj.k osQ fy, ^ekr`* (laLo`Qr)]ek (fganh) vkSj ^enj* (vaxzskh) 'kCn dks ns[kksA
D;k rqEgsabueas dksbZlekurk ukj vkrh gS\miegk}hi essa nwljs Hkk"kk&ifjokjksadh Hkh Hkk"kk,cksyh tkrh gSaA mnkgj.k osQ fy, iwoksZkj izns'kksaesa
frCcr&cekZifjokj dh Hkk"kk,cksyh tkrh gSaA rfey] rsyqxq] dUuM+ vkSj ey;kye] nzfoM+ Hkk"kk&ifjokj dh
Hkk"kk,gSaA tcfd >kj[kaM vkSj e; Hkkjr osQ dbZfgLlksa esacksyh tkus okyh Hkk"kk,vkWLVks,f'k;kfVdifjokj ls tqM+h gSaA
mu Hkk"kkvksa dh lwph cukvks ftuosQ ckjs esarqeus lqu j[kk gSA muosQ Hkk"kk&ifjokjksadks igpkuus dhdksf'k'k djksA
ge ftu fdrkcksa dks i
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Xosn dh ik.Mqfyfi dk,d iUukA
HkwtZo{k dh Nky ij fy[kh;g ik.Mqfyfi d'ehj esaikbZ xbZ FkhA yxHkx 150 o"kZigys Xosn dks lcls igyhckj Nkius osQ fy, bldkmi;ksx fd;k x;k FkkA blhik.Mqfyfi dks ns[kdj vaxzskhvuqokn rS;kj gqvkA ;g
ik.Mqfyfi iq.ks] egkjk"V osQ,d iqLrdky; esalqjf{kr gSA
fo'okfe=k vkSj ufn;k
fo'okfe=k gs ufn;kas] vius cNM+ksadks pkVrh gqbZnks nedrh xk;ksa dh rjg] nks iqQrhZys ?kksM+ksadh pky
ls igkM+ksa ls uhps vkvksA bUnz }kjk nh gqbZ'kfDr ls LiwQrZrqe jFkksadh xfr ls lkxj dh vksj cg jgh gksArqe ty ls ifjiw.kZ gks vkSj ,d&nwljs ls fey tkuk pkgrh gksA
ufn;k ty ls ifjiw.kZge nsorkvksaosQ cuk, jkLrs ij pyrh gSaA ,d ckj fudyus ij gesajksdk ugha
tk ldrkA gs f"k] rqe gels izkFkZuk D;ksadj jgs gks\
fo'okfe=k gs cguksa] eq> xk;d dh izkFkZuk lquksA eaS jFkksa vkSj xkfM+;ksalfgr cgqr nwj ls vk;k gwA o`QikdjosQ vius ty dks gekjs jFkksa vkSj xkfM+;ksa dh /qfj;ksaosQ ij u mBkvks rkfd ge vklkuh ls ml ikjtk losQaA
ufn;k ge rqEgkjh izkFkZuk lqusaxs] ftlls rqe lc lqjf{kr ml ikj tk ldksA
bfrgkldkj ;g crkrs gSafd ;g izkFkZuk ml {ks=k esajph xbZgksxh tgk ;s ufn;k cgrh gSaA os ;g Hkhlq>krs gSafd ftl lekt esa f"k jgrs Fks ogk?kksM+ksavkSj xk;ksadks cgqr ego fn;k tkrk FkkA blhfy, ufn;ksa
dh rqyuk ?kksM+ksavkSj xk;ksa ls dh xbZgSAD;k rqEgsayxrk gS fd jFk Hkh egRoiw.kZFks\ vius tokc osQ fy, dkj.k crkvksA izkFkZuk dh iafDr;ksadks
nqckjk i
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gekj s vrhrI
eos'kh] ?kk sM+s vkSj jFk
Xosn esa eosf'k;ksa] cPpksa ([kkldj iq=kksa) vkSj ?kksM+ksa dh izkfIr osQ fy,vusd izkFkZuk,gSaA ?kksM+ksadks yM+kbZesa jFk [khapus osQ dke esa yk;k tkrkFkkA bu yM+kbZ;ksaesa eos'kh thr dj yk, tkrs FksA yM+kbZ;k oSls kehu osQ
fy, Hkh yM+h tkrh FkhatgkvPNs pkjkxkg gksa;k tgkij tkS tSlh tYnhrS;kj gks tkus okyh i- Qlyksa dks mitk;k tk ldrk gksA oqQN yM+kbZ;kikuhosQ lzksrksavkSj yksxksadks canh cukus osQ fy, Hkh yM+h tkrh FkhaA
;q esathrs x, /u dk dqN Hkkx ljnkj j[k ysrs Fks rFkk dqN fgLlkiqjksfgr dks fn;k tkrk FkkA 'ks"k /u vke yksxksaesa ckV fn;k tkrk FkkAdqN /u;Kdjus osQ fy, Hkh iz;qDr gksrk FkkA ;K dh vkx esa vkgqfrnh tkrh FkhA ;s vkgqfr;knsoh&nsorkvksadks nh tkrh FkhaA ?kh] vukt vkSjdHkh&dHkh tkuojksa dh Hkh vkgqfr nh tkrh FkhA
vf/dka'k iq#"k bu ;qksa esa Hkkx ysrs FksA dksbZ LFkk;h lsuk ugha gksrhFkh] ysfdu yksx lHkkvksaesafeyrs&tqyrs Fks vkSj ;q o 'kkafr osQ fo"k;
esa lykg&e'kfojk djrs FksA ogk;s ,sls yksxksa dks viuk ljnkj pqurs Fks
tks cgknqj vkSj oqQ'ky ;ksk gksaA
yksxksadh fo'ks"krk crkus okys 'kCn
yksxkssadk oxhZdj.k dke] Hkk"kk] ifjokj ;k leqnk;] fuokl LFkku ;klkaLfrd ijaijk osQ vk/kj ij fd;k tkrk jgk gSA Xosn esayksxksadhfo'ks"krk crkus okys dqN 'kCnksa dks ns[kksA
,sls nks lewg gSa ftudk oxhZdj.k dke osQ vk/kj ij fd;k x;k gSA
iqjksfgr ftUgsadHkh&dHkh czk.k dgk tkrk Fkk rjg&rjg osQ ;K vkSjvuq"Bku djrs FksA nwljs yksx Fks & jktkA
;s jktk oSls ughaFks ftuosQ ckjs esa rqe ckn esa i
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fiNys vuqHkkx dks ,d ckj fiQj i
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gekj s vrhrI
dbZckj iqjkrofonksadks xksykdkj ltk,gq, iRFkj feyrs gSaA dbZckj vosQyk [kM+k
gqvk iRFkj feyrk gSA ;s gh ,dek=k izek.kgSatks kehu osQ uhps dczksa dks n'kkZrs gSaA
egkik"kk.kksa osQ fuekZ.k osQ fy, yksxksadksdbZrjg osQ dke djus iM+rs FksA geus tksdk;ks dh lwph cukbZgS mUgsa ec djksAxs [kksnuk] f'kyk[kaMksadks
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yksxksa dh lkekftd vlekurkvksa osQ ckjs esa irkdjuk
iqjkrofon~;g ekurs gSafd oaQdky osQ lkFk ikbZxbZphksaejs gq, O;fDr
dh gh jgh gksaxhA dHkh&dHkh ,d dcz dh rqyuk esanwljh dcz esas ;knk
phksa feyrh gSaA ekufp=k 2 ij (i`"B 14) czfxfj dks [kkstksA ;gk ,d
O;fDr dh dcz esa33 lksus osQ euosQ vkSj 'ka[k ik, x, gSaA nwljs oaQdkyksa
osQ ikl fli- ZQ oqQN feh osQ crZu gh ik, x,A ;g nI+kQuk, x, yksxksadh
lkekftd fLFkfr esafHkUurk dks n'kkZrk gSA dqN yksx vehj Fks rks dqN
yksx xjhc] oqQN yksx ljnkj Fks rks nwljs vuq;k;hA
D;k oqQN dczxkgsa [kkl ifjokjksa osQ fy, Fkha\
dHkh&dHkh egkik"kk.kksaesa ,d ls vf/d oaQdky feys gSaA os ;g n'kkZrs
gSafd 'kk;n ,d gh ifjokj osQ yksxksadks ,d gh LFkku ij vyx&vyx
le; ij ni- Quk;k x;k FkkA ckn esaejus okys yksxksa dks iksVZ&gksy osQ jkLrs
dczksaesaykdj ni- Quk;k tkrk FkkA ,sls LFkku ij xksykdkj yxk, x, iRFkj
;k pku fpksa dk dke djrs Fks] tgkyksx vko';drkuqlkj 'koksa dksnI+kQukus nqqckjk vk ldrs FksA
bukexko osQ ,d fof'k"V O;fDr dh dcz
ekufp=k 2 esa(i`"B 14) bukexko dks [kksstksA ;g Hkhek dh lgk;d unh
?kksM+ osQ fdukjs ,d txg gSA bl txg ij 3600 ls 2700 lky igys yksx
jgrs FksA ;gko;Ld yksxksa dks izk;% xs esalh/k fyVk dj nI+kQuk;k tkrk
FkkA mudk flj mkj dh vksj gksrk FkkA dbZckj mUgsa?kj osQ vanj gh
ni- Quk;k tkrk FkkA ,sls crZu ftuesa'kk;n [kkuk vkSj ikuh gkas] ni- Quk, x,
'ko osQ ikl j[k fn, tkrs FksA
,d vkneh dks ikp dejksaokys edku osQ vkxu esa] pkj iSjksaokys
feh osQ ,d cM+s ls lanwd esani- Quk;k x;k FkkA cLrh osQ chp esa clk
D;k crkrh gSagesa fdrkcsavkSj dczsa
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gekj s vrhrI
;g ?kj xko osQ lcls cM+s ?kjksa esa,d FkkA bl ?kj esa,d vukt dkxksnke Hkh FkkA 'ko osQ iSj eqM+s gq, FksA
D;k rqEgsayxrk gS fd ;g fdlh ljnkj dk 'ko Fkk\ vius tokcdk dkj.k crkvksA
D;k crkrs gSa gesa oaQdkyksa osQ v;;u
NksVs vkdkj osQ vk/kj ij ,d cPps osQ oaQdky dks vklkuh ls igpkuk tk ldrk gSA ysfdu ,d cPps
vkSj cPph osQ oaQdky osQ chp dksbZcM+k i- QoZQ ughagksrkA
D;k ge ;g irk yxk ldrs gSafd oaQdky fdlh iq#"k dk Fkk ;k L=kh dk\
dHkh&dHkh yksx oaQdky osQ lkFk feys lkekuksa osQ vk/kj ij bldk vanktk yxkrs gSaA mnkgj.k osQ
fy, ;fn oaQdky osQ lkFk xgus feyrs gSa rks dbZ ckj mls efgyk dk oaQdky eku fy;k tkrk gSA ysfdu
,slh le> osQ lkFk leL;k, gSaA vDlj iq#"k Hkh vkHkw"k.k igurs FksA
oaQdky dk fyax igpkuus dk csgrj rjhdk mldh gf ;ksa dh tkp gSA pwfd efgyk, cPpksadks tUe
nsrh gaS blfy, mudk dfV&izns'k ;k owQYgk iq#"kksals ;knk cM+k gksrk gSA
;s le> oaQdkyksaosQ vk/qfud v;;u ij vk/kfjr gSA
vkt ls yxHkx 2000 lky igys pjd uke osQ izfl oS| gq, FksA mUgksausafpfdRlk 'kkL=k ijpjdlafgrkuke dh fdrkc fy[khA os dgrs gSa fd euq"; osQ 'kjhj esa 360 gf ;kgksrh gSaA ;g vk/qfud
'kjhj jpuk foKku dh 206 gf ;ksals dkiQh ;knk gaSA lEHkor% pjd us viuh fxurh esa nkr] gf ;ksa
osQ tksM+ vkSj dkfVZyst dks tksM+dj ;g la[;k crkbZFkhA
rqEgkjs vuqlkj 'kjhj osQ ckjs esamUgksaus bruh foLr`r tkudkjh oSQls bdk dh gksxh\
bukexko osQ yksxksaosQ dke&/a/s
bukexko esaiqjkrofonksadks xsgw] tkS] pkoy] nky] cktjk] eVj vkSj fryosQ cht feys gaSA dbZtkuojksadh gf;kHkh feyh gSaA dbZgf;ksaijdkVus osQ fu'kku ls ;g vanktk gksrk gS fd yksx bUgsa [kkrs gksaxsA xk;]cSy] HkSal] cdjh] HksM+] oqQkk] ?kksM+k] x/k] lwvj] lkHkj] fprdcjk fgj.k]o`Q".k&e`x] [kjgk] usoyk] fpfM+;k] ?kfM+;ky] dNqvk] osQdM+k vkSjeNyh dh gf;k Hkh ikbZxbZgSaA ,sls lk{; feys gSafd csj] vkoyk]tkequ] [ktwj vkSj dbZrjg dh jlHkfj;k,d=k dh tkrh FkhaA
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bl izek.k osQ vk/kj ij bukexko esayksxksaosQ dke&/a/ksa dh ,dlwph cukvksA
vU;=k
,Vyl esaphu dks ns[kksA yxHkx 3500 lky igys ge ;gkdh ys[ku
dyk osQ lcls iqjkus mnkgj.k ikrs gSaA
;g tkuojksadh gf;ksa ij fy[kk x;k FkkA bUgsa Hkfo";ok.kh djus okyh
gf ;kdgk tkrk gS] D;ksafd ;g ekU;rk Fkh fd ;s Hkfo"; crkrh gSaA jktk
yksx fyfidkjksa ls bu gf;ksaij loky fy[kokrs Fks D;k os ;q} thrsaxs\
D;k i- Qlysa vPNh gkasxh\ D;k mUgsa iq=k gksaxs\ fiQj bu gf;ksadks vkx esa
Mky fn;k tkrk Fkk tgk buesa xehZ ls pVd dj njkjsa iM+ tkrh FkhaA
Hkfo";oDrk bu njkjksa dks cM+s ;ku ls ns[kdj Hkfo";ok.kh djus dh
dksf'k'k djrs FksA tSlk 'kk;n rqe Hkh lksp jgh gksxh ;s Hkfo";oDrk
dHkh&dHkh xyrh Hkh djrs FksA
;s jktk 'kgjksaesaegy cukdj jgrs FksA mUgksaus cs'kqekj nkSyr bdh dj
yh Fkh ftuesacM+s&cM+s uDdk'kh fd, gq, dkls osQ crZu 'kkfey FksA ysfdu
os yksgs dk bLrseky djuk ughatkurs FksAXosn osQ jktk vkSj bu jktkvksaosQ chp dksbZ,d i- QoZQ crkvksA
dYiuk djks
rqe 3000 o"kZigys osQ bukexko esajgrh gksA fiNyh jkr ljnkj dh eR;qgks
xbZA vkt] rqEgkjs ekrk&firk ni- Qu dh rS;kjh dj jgs gSaA ;g crkrs gq, lkjs n`';
dk o.kZu djks fd vafre laLdkj osQ fy, oSQls Hkkstu rS;kj fd;k tk jgk gSA rqEgsa
D;k yxrk gS] [kkus esaD;k fn;k tk,xk\
mi;ksxh 'kCnosn
izkFkZuk
Hkk"kk
jFk;K
jktk
nkl
egkik"kk.k
dcz
oaQdky
yksgk
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gekj s vrhrI
vkvks ;kn djsa
1. fuEufyf[kr dks lqesy djks %
lwDr ltk, x, iRFkj
jFk vuq"Bku
;K vPNh rjg ls cksyk x;k
nkl ;q esa iz;ksx fd;k tkrk Fkk
egkik"kk.k xqyke
2. okD;ksadks iwjk djks
(d) osQ fy, nklksa dk bLrseky fd;k tkrk FkkA
([k) esa egkik"kk.k ik, tkrs gSaA
(x) kehu ij xksys esa yxk, x, iRFkj ;k pku
dk dke djrs FksA
(?k) iksVZ&gksy dk bLrseky
osQ fy, gksrk FkkA() bukexko osQ yksx [kkrs FksA
vkvks ppkZ djsa
3. vkt ge tks fdrkcsai
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vkvks djosQ ns[ksa
6. irk djks fd rqEgkjs fo|ky; osQ iqLrdky; esa/eZosQ fo"k; ij fdrkcsagSa;k ughaA ml laxzg ls fdUghaikp iqLrdksa osQ uke crkvksA
7. ,d ;kn dh gqbZdfork ;k xhr fy[kksA rqeus ml dfork ;k xhr dkslqudj ;kn fd;k Fkk ;k i
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gekj s vrhrI
pquko dk fnutc 'kadju mBk rks mlus ns[kk fd mlosQ ukuk&ukuh oksV Mkyus tk jgs FksA
njvly os pquko osaQnz ij lcls igys igqpuk pkgrs FksA 'kadju tkuuk pkgrk
Fkk fd vkf[kj os brus mRlkfgr D;ksa FksA mlosQ ukukth us mls tYnh esa
le>kus dh dksf'k'k dh vkSj dgk] vkt ge vius 'kkldksadk pquko djus
tk jgs gSaA
oqQN yksx 'kkld oSQls cus\
yxHkx ipkl o"kksls ge vius 'kkldksadk pquko ernku osQ tfj, djrsvk jgs gSaA ysfdu cgqr igys yksx 'kkld oSQls curs Fks\ geus v;k; 5
esa ;g i
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o.kZ
bl le; mkj Hkkjr esa] [k+kldj xaxk&;equk {ks=k esa] dbZxzaFk jps x,A Xosn osQ ckn jps gksus osQ
dkj.k ;s mkj&oSfnd xzaFk dgs tkrs gSaA buosQ varxZr lkeosn] ;tqosZn] vFkoZosn rFkk vU; xzaFk 'kkfey
gSaA iqjksfgrksa}kjk jfpr bu xzaFkksaesa fofHkUu izdkj osQ vuq"Bku vkSj muosQ laiknu dh fof/;kcrkbZ xbZ
gSaA buesalkekftd fu;eksa osQ ckjs esaHkh crk;k x;k gSA
ml le; lekt esadbZlewg Fks ftuesaiqjksfgr] ;ksk] o`Q"kd] i'kqikyd] O;kikjh] f'kYidkj] Jfed]eNyh idM+us okys rFkk taxy esa jgus okys yksx 'kkfey FksA tgk oqQN iqjksfgr rFkk ;ksk oSHko'kkyh
Fks] oghaoqQN o`Q"kd vkSj O;kikjh Hkh /uoku FksA nwljh vksj i'kqikyd] f'kYidkj] Jfed] eNyh idM+us
okys] f'kdkjh rFkk Hkkstu&laxzkgd fu/Zu FksA
iqjksfgrksaus yksxksa dks pkj oxksesafoHkkftr fd;k] ftUgsao.kZdgrs gSaA muosQ vuqlkj izR;sd o.kZosQ
vyx&vyx dk;Zfu/kZfjr FksA igyk o.kZczk.kksadk FkkA mudk dke osnksa dk v;;u&v;kiu vkSj
;K djuk Fkk ftuosQ fy, mUgsa migkj feyrk FkkA nwljk LFkku'kkldksadk Fkk] ftUgsa{kf=k;dgk tkrk
FkkA mudk dke ;q djuk vkSj yksxksadh j{kk djuk FkkA rhljs LFkku ijfo'k~;koS';FksA buesa o`Q"kd]
i'kqikyd vkSj O;kikjh vkrs FksA {kf=k; vkSj oS'; nksuksadks gh ;K djus dk vf/dkj izkIr FkkA o.kksesavafre LFkku'kwnzksadk FkkA budk dke vU; rhuksao.kks dh lsok djuk FkkA bUgsadksbZ vuq"Bku djus dk
vf/dkj ugha FkkA izk;% vkSjrksadks Hkh 'kwnzksaosQ leku ekuk x;kA efgykvksa rFkk 'kwnzksadks osnksaosQ v;;u
dk vf/dkj ugha FkkA
dh fot;ksa rFkk vU; xq.kksa dk xku djrk FkkA jktk osQ lxs&laca/h[kkldj mldh jkfu;ksarFkk iq=kksadks Hkh dbZNksVs&NksVs vuq"Bku djus gksrs
FksA vU; lkjs vkeaf=kr jktkvksa dk dke fli- ZQ cSBdj ;K dh iwjh izf;kdks ns[kuk Hkj FkkA jktk osQ ij iqjksfgr ifo=k ty osQ fNM+dko osQlkFk&lkFk vU; dbZvuq"Bku djrk FkkA fo'k~vFkok oS'; tSls lkekU;yksx migkj ykrs FksA ftUgsa iqjksfgr 'kwnz ekurs Fks mUgsa dbZ vuq"Bkuksaesa'kkfey ughafd;k tkrk FkkA
bl ;K esamifLFkr gksus okyksadh ,d lwph cukvksA is'ks osQvk/kj ij ogkdkSu&dkSu ls oxZ 'kkfey Fks\
jkT;] jktk vkSj ,d izkphux.kjkT;
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gekj s vrhrI
fpf= kr /wlj ik=kAbl rjg osQ ik=k ksa e sa;knkrj Fkkfy;k vk SjdVksfj;k gh feyh g SaA ; s
ik=k cgqr gh iryh lrg osQlaqnj vkSj fpdus gSa A 'kk;nbldk i z;ksx [kkl ekSdksa ij]egRoiw.k Z yksxks a dks Hkkstuijkslus osQ fy, fd;k tkrkFkkA
tuin
egk;Kksadks djus okys jktk vc tu osQ jktk u gksdjtuinksaosQ jktkekus tkus yxsA tuin dk 'kkfCnd vFkZtu osQ clus dh txg gksrk gSAoqQN egRoiw.kZtuin ekufp=k 4 (i`"B 57) esafn[kk, x, gSaA
iqjkrofonksa us bu tuinksa dh dbZ cfLr;ksa dh [kqnkbZdh gSA fnYyh
esaiqjkuk fdyk] mkj izns'k esa esjB osQ ikl gfLrukiqj vkSj ,Vk osQ ikl
vrjath[ksM+k buesa izeq[k gSaA [kqnkbZls irk pyk gS fd yksx >ksifM+;ksa esajgrs Fks vkSj eosf'k;ksarFkk vU; tkuojksadks ikyrs FksA os pkoy] xsgw]
/ku] tkS] nkysa] xUuk] fry rFkk ljlksatSlh i- Qlysa mxkrs FksA
D;k bl lwph esarqEgsafdlh ,slh i- Qly dk uke feyk
ftldk mYys[k v;k; 4 esaughagS\yksx feh osQ crZu Hkh cukrs FksA buesaoqQN /wlj vkSj oqQN
yky jax osQ gksrs FksA bu iqjkLFkyksaesaoqQN fo'ks"k izdkj osQ crZufeys gSa] ftUgsa fpf=kr&/wlj ik=k* osQ :i esatkuk tkrk gSA tSlkfd buosQ uke ls gh Li"V gS] bu crZuksaij fp=kdkjh dh xbZgSA;s vkerkSj ij ljy js[kkvksarFkk T;kferh; vko`Qfr;ksaosQ :iesagSaA
iqjksfgrksa osQ vuqlkj lHkh o.kksdk fu/kZj.k tUe osQ vk/kj ij gksrk FkkA mnkgj.k osQ rkSj ij] czk.k
ekrk&firk dh larku czk.k gh gksrh FkhA ckn esaoqQN yksxksa dks vNwr ekuk x;kA vNwr oxksesaoqQNf'kYidkj] f'kdkjh rFkk Hkkstu&laxzkgd 'kkfey FksA lkFk gh buesaos yksx Hkh vkrs Fks] tks 'koksa dks
ni- Qukus ;k tykus dk dke djrs FksA bu yksxksa ls laioZQ vifo=k ekuk tkrk FkkA
dbZ yksxksa us czk.kksa}kjk cuk;h gqbZbl o.kZ&O;oLFkk dks Lohdkj ugha fd;kA oqQN jktk Lo;adks
iqjksfgrksals Js"B ekurs FksA oqQN yksx tUe osQ vk/kj ij o.kZ&fu/kZj.k lgh ughaekurs FksA blosQ vfrfjDr
oqQN yksx O;olk; osQ vk/kj ij yksxksaosQ chp HksnHkko mfpr ughale>rs FksA tcfd oqQN yksx pkgrs
Fks fd vuq"Bku lEiUu djus dk vf/dkj lcdk gksA dbZyksxksa us NwvkNwr dh vkykspuk dhA bl
miegk}hi osQ iwoksZkj {ks=k tSls dbZbykdksaesalkekftd&vkFkd vlekurk cgqr de FkhA ;gk iqjksfgrksa
dk izHkko Hkh cgqr lhfer FkkA
yksxksaus o.kZ&O;oLFkk dk fojks/ D;ksafd;k\
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egktuin
djhc 2500 lky igys] oqQN tuin vf/d egRoiw.kZgks x,A bUgsaegktuin dgk tkus yxkA ekufp=k 4 esaoqQN egktuinksadks fn[kk;k x;kgSA vf/drj egktuinksadh ,d jkt/kuh gksrh FkhA dbZjkt/kfu;ksaesafdyscanh dh xbZFkh vFkkZr~buosQ pkjksavksj ydM+h] bV ;k iRFkj dh ph
nhokjsacukbZxbZFkhaA
,slk yxrk gS fd yksxksaus vU; jktkvksaosQ vke.k ls Mjdj viuh
lqj{kk osQ fy, bu fdyksadk fuekZ.k fd;kA oqqQN jktk viuh jkt/kuh osQ
pkjksavksj fo'kky] ph vkSj izHkko'kkyh nhokj [kM+h dj viuh le`f
ekufp=k: 4egRoiw.kZ tuin]
egktuin vkSj uxj
jkT;] jktk vkSj ,d izkphux.kjkT;
js[kk fp=kiSekuk ugha fn;kx;k gSA
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gekj s vrhrI
vkSj 'kfDr dk izn'kZu Hkh djrs FksA bl rjg ls fdys osQ vanj jgus okys
yksxksavkSj ml {ks=k ij fu;=ka.k j[kuk Hkh ljy gks tkrk gksxkA bl rjg dh
fo'kky nhokj cukus osQ fy, O;kid ;kstuk dh vko';drk Fkh vkSjyk[kksadh la[;k esabVksarFkk iRFkjksadk barkke djuk iM+rk FkkA gkkjksa
L=kh&iq#"kksarFkk cPpksaus blosQ fy, vFkd ifjJe fd;k gksxkA buosQ fy,
lalk/uksadh vko';drk iM+rh gksxhA
vc jktk lsuk j[kus yxs FksA flikfg;ksadks fu;fer osru nsdj iwjs lky
j[kk tkrk FkkA oqQN Hkqxrku laHkor% vkgr flDdksa(i`"B 92 ij fp=k
ns[kks) osQ :i esagksrk FkkA bu flDdksaosQ ckjs esarqe v;k; 9 esai
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dj
egktuinksaosQ jktk fo'kky fdys cuokrs Fks vkSj cM+h lsuk j[krs Fks]
blfy, mUgsaizpqj lalk/uksadh vko';drk gksrh FkhA blosQ fy, mUgsa
deZpkfj;ksadh Hkh vko';drk gksrh FkhA vr% egktuinksaosQ jktk yksxksa
}kjk le; ij yk, x, migkjksaij fuHkZj u jgdj vc fu;fer :i
ls dj olwyus yxsA
i- Qlyksaij yxk, x, dj lcls egRoiw.kZFks D;ksafd vf/dka'k yksx
o`Q"kd gh FksA izk;% mit dk 1@6okafgLlk dj osQ :i esafu/kZfjr
fd;k tkrk Fkk ftls Hkkxdgk tkrk FkkA dkjhxjksa osQ ij Hkh dj yxk, x, tks izk;% Je osQ :i esapqdk,
tkrs FksA tSls fd ,d cqudj] yksgkj ;k lqukj dks jktk osQ fy, eghus
esa ,d fnu dke djuk iM+rk FkkA
i'kqikydksa dks tkuojksa;k muosQ mRikn osQ :i esadj nsuk iM+rk FkkA
O;kikfj;ksadks lkeku [kjhnus&cspus ij Hkh dj nsuk iM+rk FkkA
vk[ksVdksa rFkk laxzkgdksadks taxy ls izkIr oLrq, nsuh gksrh FkhaA
vk[ksVd rFkk [kk|&laxzkgd jktkvksadks D;k nsrs gksaxs\
o`Qf"k esa ifjorZu
bl ;qx esao`Qf"k osQ {ks=k esanks cM+s ifjorZu vk,A gy osQ iQky vc yksgsosQ cuus yxsA vc dBksj kehu dks ydM+h osQ iQky dh rqyuk esayksgs osQiQky ls vklkuh ls tksrk tk ldrk FkkA blls i- Qlyksadh mit c
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gekj s vrhrI
lw{e&fujh{k.k
(d) ex/ekufp=k 4 (i`"B 57) esaex/
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x.k
x.k 'kCn dk iz;ksxdbZlnL;ksaokys
lewg osQ fy, fd;ktkrk gSA
la?kla?k vFkkZr~laxBu ;k
lHkkA
([k) ofTt
tSlk fd rqeus ij i
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gekj s vrhrI
ofTt efgykvksaosQ lkFk kksj&kcjnLrh ughadjsaxs vkSj mUgsaca/d ughacuk,axsA
'kgjksa rFkk xkaoksa esapSR;ksadk j[kj[kko djsaxsA fofHkUu erkoyach larksadk lEeku djsaxs vkSj muosQ vkus ;k tkus ij dksbZjksd ughayxk,axsA
ofTt la?k vU; egktuinksals oSQls fHkUu Fkk\ de ls de rhu varj crkvksA
vU;=k
vius ,Vyl esa ;wuku vkSj ,FksUl dks
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dYiuk djks
oS'kkyh osQ ml lHkkxkj esarqe vanj >kd jgs gks tgkex/ osQ jktkvksa}kjk
vke.k dk lkeuk djus osQ fo"k;ksaij ppkZdh tk jgh gSA rqeus D;k lquk\
vkvks ;kn djsa
1. lgh ;k xyr crkvksA
(d) v'oes/ osQ ?kksM+s dks vius jkT; ls xqkjus dh NwV nsus okysjktkvksadks ;K esa vkeaf=kr fd;k tkrk FkkA
([k) jktk osQ ij lkjFkh ifo=k ty dk fNM+dko djrk FkkA
(x) iq jkrofonksadks tuinkas dh cfLr;ksa esaegy feys gSaA
(?k) fpf=kr&/wlj ik=kksaesavukt j[kk tkrk FkkA
(M-) egktuinksaesacgqr ls uxj fO+kQykcan FksA
2. uhps fn, x, [kkuksaesafuEufyf[kr 'kCn HkjksAvk[ksVd&laxzkgd] oQ"kd] O;kikjh] f'kYidkj] i'kqikydA
3. lekt osQ os dkSu&ls lewg Fks] tks x.kksadh lHkkvksa esa fgLlk ughaysldrs Fks\
mi;ksxh 'kCn
jktkv'oes/o.kZtuin
egktuinfO+kQyscanhlsukdj
ikS/&jksi.k
x.k vFkok la?kiztkra=k
egktuin
dk jktk
jkT;] jktk vkSj ,d izkphux.kjkT;
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gekj s vrhrI
vkvks ppkZ djsa
1. egktuin osQ jktkvksa us fo- Qys D;ksacuok,\
2. vkt osQ 'kkldksaosQ pquko dh izf;k tuinksaosQ pquko ls fdl rjgfHkUu Fkh\
vkvks djosQ ns[ksa
3.
rqEgkjh iqLrd osQ var esafn, x, jktuhfrd ekufp=k esaviuk jkT;
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vu?kk fudyh lSj ijvu?kk vkt igyh ckj vius fo|ky; dh vksj ls lSj ij tk jgh FkhA
blosQ fy, mlus nsj jkr iq.ks (egkjk"V) ls okjk.klh (mkj izns'k) dh Vsu
idM+hA LVs'ku ij vu?kk dks NksM+us vkbZmldh ekus v;kfidk ls dgk]
^^cPpksadks cq osQ ckjs esacrkus osQ LkkFk&lkFk mUgsa lkjUkkFk fn[kkus Hkh ys
tkb,xkA**
cq dh dgkuh
ckS /eZosQ laLFkkid flkFkZFks ftUgsa xkSre osQ uke ls Hkh tkuk tkrkgSA mudk tUe yxHkx 2500 o"kZ iwoZgqvk FkkA ;g og le; Fkk tcyksxksa osQ thou esa rskh ls ifjorZu gks jgs FksA tSlk fd rqeus v;k; 6esa ius dk iz;kl dj jgs FksA os thou osQ lPps vFkZdks Hkh tkuukpkg jgs FksA
cq {kf=k; Fks rFkk ^'kkD;* uked ,d NksVs ls x.k ls lacaf/r FksA;qokoLFkk esa gh Kku dh [kkst esamUgksaus ?kj osQ lq[kksa dks NksM+ fn;kAvusd o"kks rd os Hkze.k djrs jgs rFkk vU; fopkjdksa ls feydj ppkZ
djrs jgsA varr% Kku izkfIr osQ fy, mUgksaus Lo;a gh jkLrk
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gekj s vrhrI
cq us f'k{kk nh fd ;g thou d"VksavkSj nq[kksa ls Hkjk gqvk gS vkSj
,slk gekjh bPNk vkSj ykylkvksa(tks ges'kk iwjh ugha gks ldrha) osQ
dkj.k gksrk gSA dHkh&dHkh ge tks pkgrs gSaog izkIr dj ysus osQ ckn Hkhlarq"V ugha gksrs gSa ,oa vkSj vf/d (vFkok vU;) oLrqvksa dks ikus dh
bPNk djus yxrs gSaA cq us bl fyIlk dksrgk(r`".kk) dgk gSA
cq us f'k{kk nh fd vkRela;e viukdj ge ,slh ykylk ls eqfDr ik
ldrs gSaA
mUgksaus yksxksadks n;kyq gksus rFkk euq";ksa osQ lkFk&lkFk tkuojksa osQ
thou dk Hkh vknj djus dh f'k{kk nhA os ekurs Fks fd gekjs deks osQifj.kke] pkgs os vPNs gksa;k cqjs] gekjs
orZeku thou osQ lkFk&lkFk ckn osQ
thou dks Hkh izHkkfor djrs gSaA cq
us viuh f'k{kk lkekU; yksxksadh
izko`Qr Hkk"kk esas nhA blls lkekU;
yksx Hkh muosQ lans'k dks le> losQA
osnksadh jpuk osQ fy, fdlHkk"kk dk iz;ksx gqvk Fkk\
cq us dgk fd yksx fdlh
f'k{kk dks osQoy blfy,
ughaLohdkj djas fd ;g
mudk mins'k gS] cfYd os
mls vius foosd ls ekisaAvkvks ns[kks] mUgksaus ,slk
fdl izdkj fd;kA
lkjukFk Lrwibl bekjr dks Lrwi osQuke ls tkuk tkrk gSA;ghaij cq us viukloZizFke mins'k fn;kFkkA blh ?kVuk dh Le`fr
esa;gk Lrwi dk fuekZ.k
fd;k x;kA v;k; 12esas rqe bu LrwiksaosQ ckjs esavkSjvf/d i
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fdlkxksreh dh dgkuh
;g cq osQ fo"k; esa,d izfl dgkuh gSA ,d le; dh ckr gS fdlkxksreh uked ,d L=kh dk iq=kej x;kA bl ckr ls og bruh nq%[kh gqbZ fd og vius cPps dks xksn esa fy, uxj dh lM+dksaij ?kwe&?kwe
dj yksxksals izkFkZuk djus yxh fd dksbZ mlosQ iq=k dks thfor dj nsA ,d Hkyk O;fDr mls cq osQ ikl
ys x;kA
cq us dgk] ^eq>s ,d eqh ljlksaosQ cht ykdj nks] eSa rqEgkjs iq=k dks thfor dj nwxk**A fdlkxksreh
cgqr izlUu gqbZA ij tSls gh og cht ykus osQ fy, tkus yxh rHkh cq us mls jksdk vkSj dgk] ^^;s cht
,d ,sls ?kj ls ekx dj ykvks tgk fdlh dh e`R;qu gqbZgksA**
fdlkxksreh ,d njokks ls nwljs njokks xbZysfdu og tgkHkh xbZmlus ik;k fd gj ?kj esafdlhu fdlh osQ firk] ekrk] cgu] HkkbZ] ifr] iRuh] cPps] pkpk] pkph] nknk ;k nknh dh e`R;qgqbZ FkhA
cq nq%[kh ek dks D;k f'k{kk nsus dk iz;kl dj jgs Fks\
mifu"kn~
ftl le; cq mins'k ns jgs Fks mlh le; ;k mlls Hkh FkksM+k igys nwljs
vU; prd Hkh dfBu iz'uksadk mkj
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gekj s vrhrI
cqfeku fHk[kkjh
;g okrkZykiNkanksX; mifu"kn~uked izfl mifu"kn~dh ,d dgkuh ij vk/kfjr gSA'kkSud o vfHkizrkfj.k uked nks f"k lkoZHkkSe vkRek dh mikluk djrs FksA ,d ckj T;ksagh os Hkkstu
djus osQ fy, cSBs] ,d fHk[kkjh vk;k vkSj Hkkstu ekxus yxkA
'kkSud us dgk] ^^ge rqEgsa oqQN ughans ldrsA**
fHk[kkjh us iwNk] ^^fo}Ttu] vki fdldh mikluk djrs gSa\**
vfHkizrkfj.k us mkj fn;k] ^^lkoZHkkSe vkRek dhA**
^^vksg! bldk eryc vki ;g tkurs gSa fd ;g lkoZHkkSe vkRek lEiw.kZfo'o esafo|eku gSA**
f"k;ksaus dgk] ^^gk] gk] ge ;g tkurs gSaA**
fHk[kkjh us fiQj iwNk] ^^vxj ;g lkoZHkkSe vkRek lEiw.kZ fo'o esa fo|eku gS rks ;g esjs vanj Hkh
fo|eku gSA eSa dkSu gw\ eSabl fo'o dk ,d Hkkx gh rks gwA**
^^rqe lR; cksyrs gks] ;qok czk.kA**
^^blfy, gs f"k;ksa] eq>s Hkkstu u nsdj vki ml lkoZHkkSe vkRek dks Hkkstu nsus ls euk dj jgs gSaA**
fHk[kkjh dh ckr dh lPpkbZtkudj f"k;ksaus mls Hkkstu ns fn;kA
fHk[kkjh us Hkkstu ikus osQ fy, f"k;ksadks fdl rjg euk;k\
bu ppkZvksa esaHkkx ysus okys vf/dka'kr% iq#"k czk.k rFkk jktk gksrs
FksA dHkh&dHkh xkxhZtSlh L=kh&fopkjdksadk Hkh mYys[k feyrk gSA
fo}kk osQ fy, izfl xkxhZjktnjckjksa esa gksus okys okn&fookn esaHkkx
fy;k djrh FkhaA fu/Zu O;fDr bl rjg osQ okn&fookn esa cgqr de gh
fgLlk ysrs FksA bl rjg dk ,d izfl viokn lR;dke tkcky dk gSA
lR;dke tkcky dk uke mldh nklh ekosQ uke ij iM+kA lR;dke osQ
eu esa lR; tkuus dh rhoz ftKklk mRiUu gqbZA xkSre uked ,d czk.kus mUgsavius fo|kFkhZ osQ :i esa Lohdkj fd;k rFkk og vius le; osQ
lokZf/d izfl fopkjdksaesals ,d cu x,A mifu"knksaosQ dbZ fopkjksa
dk fodkl ckn esa izfl fopkjd 'kadjkpk;ZosQ }kjk fd;k x;k ftuosQ
ckjs esa rqe d{kk 7 esa i
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O;kdj.kfon~ ikf.kfu
bl ;qx esa oqQN vU; fo}ku Hkh [kkst dj jgs FksA mUghaizfl fo}kuksaesa,d ikf.kfu us laLo`Qr Hkk"kk osQO;kdj.k dh jpuk dhA mUgksaus LojksarFkk O;atuksadks ,d fo'ks"k e esaj[kdj muosQ vk/kj ij lw=kksadh
jpuk dhA ;s lw=k chtxf.kr osQ lw=kksals dkiQh feyrs&tqyrs gSaA bldk iz;ksx dj mUgksaus laLo`Qr Hkk"kk osQ
iz;ksxksa osQ fu;e y?kq lw=kksa (yxHkx 3000) osQ :i esafy[ksA
tSu /eZ
blh ;qx esa vFkkZr~yxHkx 2500 o"kZ iwoZtSu /eZ osQ lokZf/d egRoiw.kZ
fopkjd o/Zeku egkohj us Hkh vius fopkjksadk izlkj fd;kA og ofTtla?k osQ fyPNfo oqQy osQ ,d {kf=k; jktoqQekj FksA bl la?k osQ fo"k; esarqeus v;k; 6 esai
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gekj s vrhrI
vf/dka'k O;fDr;ksa osQ fy, ,sls dM+s fu;eksa dk ikyu djuk cgqrdfBu FkkA fiQj Hkh gkkjksaO;fDr;ksaus bl ubZthou 'kSyh dks tkuus vkSj
lh[kus osQ fy, vius ?kjksa dks NksM+ fn;kA dbZvius ?kjksa ij gh jgs vkSjfHkD[kq&fHkD[kq.khcus yksxksadks Hkkstu iznku dj mudh lgk;rk djrs jgsA
eq[;r% O;kikfj;ksaus tSu /eZdk leFkZu fd;k A fdlkuksaosQ fy, bufu;eksa dk ikyu vR;ar dfBu Fkk D;ksafd i- Qly dh j{kk osQ fy, mUgsadhM+s&edkSM+ksadks ekjuk iM+rk FkkA ckn dh lfn;ksaesatSu /eZ] mkj HkkjrosQ dbZ fgLlksaosQ lkFk&lkFk xqtjkr] rfeyukMq vkSj dukZVd esa Hkh iSQyx;kA egkohj rFkk muosQ vuq;kf;;ksadh f'k{kk,dbZ 'krkfCn;ksard
ekSf[kd :i esagh jghaA orZeku :i esa miyC/ tSu /eZdh f'k{kk,yxHkx 1500 o"kZ iwoZxqtjkr esa oYyHkh uked LFkku ij fy[kh xbZFkha(ekufp=k 7] i`"B 113 ns[ksa)A
la?k
egkohj rFkk cq nksuksa dk gh ekuuk Fkk fd ?kj dk R;kx djus ij ghlPps Kku dh izkfIr gks ldrh gSA ,sls yksxksa osQ fy, mUgksaus la?kuked
laxBu cuk;k tgk ?kj dk R;kx djus okys yksx ,d lkFk jg losaQA
la?k esa jgus okys ckS fHk{kqvksa osQ fy, cuk, x, fu;efou;fiVduked xzaFk esa feyrs gSaA fou;fiVdls gesa irk pyrk gS fd la?k esaiq#"kksa vkSj fL=k;ksaosQ jgus dh vyx&vyx O;oLFkk FkhA lHkh O;fDrla?k esa izos'k ys ldrs FksA gkykfd la?k esa izos'k osQ fy, cPpksa dks viusekrk&firk ls] nklksa dks vius Lokeh ls] jktk osQ ;gkdke djus okysyksxksa dks jktk ls] rFkk dkZnkjksa dks vius nsunkjksa ls vuqefr ysuh gksrhFkhA ,d L=kh dks blosQ fy, vius ifr ls vuqefr ysuh gksrh FkhA
la?k esa izos'k ysus okys L=kh&iq#"k cgqr lknk thou thrs FksA os viukvf/dka'k le; ;ku djus esafcrkrs Fks vkSj fnu osQ ,d fuf'pr le;
esa os 'kgjksa rFkk xkoksa esatkdj fHk{kk ekxrs FksA ;gh dkj.k gS fd mUgsafHkD[kqrFkk fHkD[kq.kh (lk/q&fHk[kkjh osQ fy, izko`Qr 'kCn) dgk x;kA osvke yksxksadks f'k{kk nsrs Fks vkSj lkFk gh ,d&nwljs dh lgk;rk Hkh djrs
tSu
tSu 'kCn ^ftu*'kCn ls fudyk gSftldk vFkZ gS
^fotsrk*A
egkohj osQ fy,^ftu* 'kCn dk
iz;ksx D;ksagqvk\
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FksA fdlh rjg dh vkilh yM+kbZdk fuiVkjk djus osQ fy, os izk;%cSBosaQ Hkh fd;k djrs FksA
la?k esaizos'k ysus okyksaesa czk.k] {kf=k;] O;kikjh] eknwj] ukbZ]xf.kdk, rFkk nkl 'kkfey FksA buesals dbZ yksxksa us cq dh f'k{kkvksaosQfo"k; esa fy[kk rFkk oqQN yksxksa us la?k esa vius thou osQ fo"k; esa laqnjdforkvksadh jpuk dhA
fiNys v;k; esaof.kZr la?k vkSj bl v;k; esa of.kZr la?k osQ chpnks fHkUurk, crkvksA D;k buesadksbZlekurk,fn[krh gSa\
fogkj
tSu rFkk ckS fHkD[kqq iwjs lky ,dLFkku ls nwljs LFkku ?kwers gq, mins'kfn;k djrs FksA osQoy o"kkZrq esa tc;k=kk djuk dfBu gks tkrk Fkk rks os,d LFkku ij gh fuokl djrs FksA ,slsle; os vius vuq;kf;;ksa }kjk m|kuksaesacuok, x, vLFkk;h fuoklksaesavFkokigkM+h {ks=kksa dh izko`Qfrd xqiQkvksa esajgrs FksA
t Sl s&t Sl s le; chrrk x;kfHkD[kq&fHkD[kqf.k;ksa us Lo;arFkk muosQleFkZdksaus vf/d LFkk;h 'kj.kLFkyksa
dh vko';drk dk vuqHko fd;kA rcdbZ'kj.kLFky cuk, x, ftUgsa fogkjdgk x;kA vkjafHkd fogkj ydM+h osQcuk, x, rFkk ckn esabuosQ fuekZ.k esabZaVksadk iz;ksx gksus yxkA if'peh Hkkjresa fo'ks"kdj oqQN fogkj igkfM+;ksa dks[kksn dj cuk, x,A
igkM +h dks dkVdj cukbZxbZ ,d xqiQkA;g dkysZ(orZeku egkjk"V esa)fLFkr ,d xqiQk gSAfHkD[kq&fHkD[kq.kh bu 'kj.kLFkyksaesajgdj ;ku fd;kdjrs FksA
u, iz'u u, fopkj
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gekj s vrhrI
,d ckS xzaFk ls Kkr gksrk gS%
ftl rjg egklkxjksa essafeyus ij ufn;ksadh vyx&vyx igpku lekIr gks tkrh gS Bhd mlh rjg cqosQ vuq;k;h tc fHk{kqvksa dh Js.kh esaizos'k djrs gSa rks os viuk o.kZ] Js.kh vkSj ifjokj lc R;kx nsrs gSaA
vkJe&O;oLFkk
tSu rFkk ckS /eZftl le; yksdfiz; gks jgs Fks yxHkx mlh le; czk.kksaus vkJe&O;oLFkk dk fodkl
fd;kA
;gkvkJe'kCn dk rkRi;Z yksxksa}kjk jgus rFkk ;ku djus osQ fy, iz;ksx esavkus okys LFkku ls ugha
gS] cfYd bldk rkRi;Zthou osQ ,d pj.k ls gSA
czp;Z] x`gLFk] okuizLFk rFkk laU;kl uked pkj vkJeksa dh O;oLFkk dh xbZA
czp;ZosQ varxZr czk.k] {kf=k; rFkk oS'; ls ;g vis{kk dh tkrh Fkh fd bl pj.k osQ nkSjku os lknk
thou fcrkdj osnksadk v;;u djsaxsA
x`gLFk vkJe osQ varxZr mUgsa fookg dj ,d x`gLFk osQ :i esa jguk gksrk FkkA okuizLFk osQ varxZr mUgsa
taxy esajgdj lk/uk djuh FkhA varr% mUgsalc oqQN R;kxdj laU;klh cu tkuk FkkA
vkJe O;oLFkk us yksxksadks vius thou dk oqQN fgLlk ;ku esayxkus ij cy fn;kAizk;% fL=k;ksa dks osn i
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mi;ksxh 'kCnrgk (r`".kk)
izko`Qr
vkRekcz
mifu"kn~
tSu
vfgalk
fHkD[kq
la?k
fogkj
vkJe
vU;=k
,Vyl esa b Zjku
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gekj s vrhrI
(x) cq us f'k{kk nh fd deZ dk gekjs thou ij dksbZizHkko ugha
iM+rkA
(?k) cq us cks/ x;k esa Kku izkIr fd;kA() mifu"knks aosQ fopkjdksadk ekuuk Fkk fd vkRek vkSj cz okLro
esa ,d gh gaSA
3. mifu"knksa osQ fopkjd fdu iz'uksadk mkj nsuk pkgrs Fks\
4. egkohj dh izeq[k f'k{kk,D;k Fkha\
vkvks ppkZ djsa
5. vu?kk dh ekD;ksapkgrh Fkh fd mudh csVh cq dh dgkuh ls ifjfpr
gks\ rqEgkjk blosQ ckjs esaD;k dguk gS\
6. D;k rqe lksprs gks fd nklksaosQ fy, la?k esa izoss'k djuk vklku jgk gksxk]
roZQ lfgr mkj nksA
vkvks djosQ ns[ksa
7. bl v;k; esamfYyf[kr de ls de ikp fopkjksa rFkk iz'uksadh lwph
cukvksA muesals fdUgharhu dk pquko dj ppkZdjks fd os vkt Hkh D;ksa
egRoiw.kZgSa\
8. vkt nqfu;k dk R;kx djus okys fL=k;ksa vkSj iq#"kksa osQ ckjs esa vkSj
vf/d tkuus dk iz;kl djksA ;s yksx dgkjgrs gaS] fdl rjhosQ osQ diM+sigurs gSarFkk D;k [kkrs gSa\ ;s nqfu;k dk R;kx D;ksadjrs gSa\
oq QN egRoi w. kZ
frfFk;k
XXXXXmifu"knk sa osQ fopkjd]tSu egkohj rFkk cq(yxHkx 2500 o"kZ
iwoZ)
XXXXXtSu xzaFkksa dk ys[ku(yxHkx 1500 o"kZ
iwoZ)
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jkS'ku osQ #i,tUefnu ij jkS'ku dks nknk th ls dM+d uksV feysA mlus mUgsavius gkFkesanck j[kk FkkA mls ,d u;k oSQlsV [kjhnus dk cgqr eu Fkk ysfdu lkFkgh og fcYoqQy u, dM+d uksVksa dks ns[kuk vkSj Nwdj eglwl djukpkgrh FkhA rHkh mlus ik;k fd lHkh uksVksaesankfguh rji- Q xk/hth dkeqLoQjkrk psgjk cuk gqvk Fkk vkSj ckbrji- Q NksVs&NksVs 'ksj fpf=kr FksA mlus
lkspk ^vkf[kj ;gk'ksj D;ksacus gq, gSa*A
,d cgqr cM+k jkT;,d lkezkT;ge ftu 'ksjksaosQ fp=k #i;ksa&iSlksaij ns[krs gSamudk ,d yack bfrgklgSA mUgsaiRFkjksadks dkV dj cuk;k x;k vkSj fiQj mUgsalkjukFk esa,dfo'kky LraHk ij LFkkfir fd;k x;k FkkA (bl fo"k; esarqeus v;k; 7esaius dh dksf'k'k djsafd muosQ jkT; dks lkezkT; D;ksadgktkrk gSA
v'kksd ftl lkezkT; ij 'kklu djrs Fks mldh LFkkiuk muosQnknk pUnzxqIr ekS;Zus yxHkx 2300 lky igys dh FkhA pk.kD; ;kdkSfVY; uke osQ ,d cqfeku O;fDr us pUnzxqIr dh lgk;rk dhFkhA pk.kD; osQ dbZ fopkj gesavFkZ'kkL=kuke dh fdrkc esa
feyrs gSaA
'ksjksa okyk LraHk&'kh"kZ
v;k;8
v'kksd% ,d vuks[kk lezkV ftlus ;q dk R;kx fd;k
oa'k
tc ,d gh ifjokj osQ dbZlnL; ,d osQ ckn ,d jktk curs gSarks mUgsa,d gh oa'k dk dgk tkrk gSAekS;Zoa'k esa rhu egRoiw.kZjktk gq, & pUnzxqIr] mldk csVk fcUnqlkj vkSj fcUnqlkj dk iq=k v'kksdA
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gekj s vrhrI
lkezkT; esacgqr&ls uxj FksA (ekufp=k esa mUgsadkys fcUnqvksalsfn[kk;k x;k gSA) buesalkezkT; dh jkt/kuh ikVfyiq=k] mTtSu vkSj
r{kf'kyk tSls uxj izeq[k FksA r{kf'kyk mkj&if'pe vkSj e; ,f'k;k osQfy, vkus&tkus dk ekxZ FkkA nwljh rji- Q mTtSu mkjh Hkkjr ls nf{k.khHkkjr tkus okys jkLrs esa iM+rk FkkA 'kk;n uxjksaesaO;kikjh] ljdkjhvfkdkjh vkSj f'kYidkj jgk djrs FksA
lkezkT; osQ cgqr cM+s {ks=kksa esa fdlkuksa vkSj i'kqikydksaosQ xko clsgq, FksA e; Hkkjr tSls bykdksaesa;knkrj fgLlk taxyksals Hkjk gqvk FkkAogk ij yksx iQy&iwQy dk laxzg.k vkSj tkuojksa dk f'kdkj djosQthfodk pykrs FksA lkezkT; osQ vyx&vyx bykdksa esayksx fHkUu&fHkUu
ftu txgksaij v'kksd osQf'kykys[k feys gSamUgsaykyfcUnqvksals fn[kk;k x;k gSA;s lkjs bykosQ lkezkT; osQHkhrj FksA mu ns'kksaosQ uke
crkvks tgkv'kksd osQvfHkys[k feys gSaA Hkkjr osQ
dkSu&ls jkT; ekS;ZlkezkT; ls
ckgj Fks\
ekufp=k: 5ekS; Z lkezkT;% ml ;qx osQ
izeq[k uxj vkSjvfHkys[kksa osQ izkfIr LFky
js[k kfp= kiSekuk ugh a fn;k x;k gSA
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Hkk"kk, cksyrs FksA os yksx 'kk;n vyx&vyx izdkj dk Hkkstu djrs FksvkSj ;gkrd fd vyx&vyx fdLe dh iks'kkd Hkh igurs FksA
jkT; lkezkT; ls oSQls fHkUu gS\
pwafd lkezkT; jkT;ksals cM+s gksrs gSavkSj mudh j{kk osQ fy, cM+h lsukvksa
dh k:jr gksrh gS] blhfy, lezkVksa dks jktkvksa dh rqyuk esa ;knk
lalk/uksadh k:jr gksrh gSA
blh dkj.k mUgsa cM+h la[;k esadj bdk djus okys vf/dkfj;ksadh
k:jr gksrh gSA
lkezkT; dk iz'kklu
pawfd ekS;ZlkezkT; cgqr cM+k Fkk] blfy, vyx&vyx fgLlksa ijvyx&vyx
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gekj s vrhrI
vkokxeu osQ fy, egRoiw.kZFksA ;gkls mUgsatks Hkh lalk/u dj vkSj HksaVosQ :i esa feyrs Fks] mls bdk fd;k tkrk FkkA mnkgj.k osQ fy,
vFkZ'kkL=k esa ;g fy[kk gS fd mkj&if'pe oaQcy osQ fy, vkSj nf{k.kHkkjr lksus vkSj dherh iRFkjksaosQ fy, izfl FkkA laHko gS fd lalk/u
ukjkus osQ :i esabds fd, tkrs FksA
ukjkuk
tgk^dj* fu;fer q.M jgrk gS tks lezkVosQ flj osQ pkjksarjiQ pDdj yxkrk jgrk gSA jktk lkekU;r% gfFk;kjcan efgykvksals f?kjs gksrs gSaA os ges'kkbl ckr ls Mjs jgrs gSa fd dgha dksbZ mudh gR;k djus dh dksf'k'k u djsA muosQ [kkuk [kkus osQ igys[kkl ukSdj ml [kkus dks p[krs gSaA os yxkrkj nks jkr ,d gh dejs esa ugha lksrs FksA
vkSj ikVfyiq=k (vk/qfud iVuk) osQ ckjs esa %
;g ,d fo'kky vkSj [kwclwjr uxj gSA ;g ,d fo'kky izkphj ls f?kjk gS ftlesa570 cqtZvkSj64 }kj gSaA nks vkSj rhu eafky okys ?kj] ydM+h vkSj dPph bZaVksa ls cus gSaA jktk dk egy Hkh dkB lscuk gS ftls iRFkj dh uDdk'kh ls vyao`Qr fd;k x;k gSA ;g pkjksa rji- Q ls m|kuksavkSj fpfM+;ksa osQ fy,cus clsjksa ls f?kjk gSA
jktk }kjk [kkuk [kkus osQ igys [kkl ukSdj ml [kkus dks D;ksap[krs Fks\
ikVfyiq=k eksgutksnM+ks ls fdl rjg fHkUu Fkk\ (laosQr% v;k; 4 ns[kks)
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vkSj var esataxy okys bykosQ vkrs Fks] ogkjgus okys yksx dki- Qhgn rd Lora=k FksA muls ;g mEehn dh tkrh Fkh fd os ekS;Zinkfkdkfj;ksa
dks gkFkh] ydM+h] e/q vkSj ekse tSlh phksa ykdj nsaA
v'kksd &,d vuks[kk lezkV
v'kksd ekS;Z oa'k osQ lcls izfl 'kkld FksA og ,sls igys 'kkld FksftUgksaus vfHkys[kksa }kjk turk rd vius lans'k igqpkus dh dksf'k'k dhAv'kksd osQ ;knkrj vfHkys[k izko`Qr Hkk"kk vkSj nsoukxjh fyfi esa gSaA
dyx ;q dk o.kZu djrk gqvk v'kksd dk vfHkys[k
vius ,d vfHkys[k esa v'kksd us ;g ckr dgh %
jktk cuus osQ vkB lky ckn eSaus dyx fot; dhA
yxHkx Mss vikj nq[k gqvkA D;ksa\
tc fdlh Lora=k ns'k dks thrk tkrk gS rks yk[kksa yksx ekjs tkrs gSa vkSj cgqr lkjs canh cuk, tkrs gSaAblesa czk.k vkSj Je.k Hkh ekjs tkrs gSaA
tks yksx vius lxs&lacaf/;ksavkSj fe=kksadks cgqr I;kj djrs gSarFkk nklksa vkSj e`rdksa osQ izfr n;koku
gksrs gSa] os Hkh ;q esa;k rks ekjs tkrs gSa ;k vius fiz;tuksa dks [kks nsrs gSaA
blhfy, eq>s i'pkrki gks jgk gSA vc eSaus /Eeikyu djus ,oanwljksadks bldh f'k{kk nsus dk fu'p;
fd;k gSA
eSaekurk gw fd /Ee osQ ek;e ls yksxksadk fny thruk cyiwoZd fot; ikus ls ;knk vPNk gSA eSa
;g vfHkys[k Hkfo"; osQ fy, ,d lans'k osQ :i esa blfy, mRdh.kZdj jgk gwfd esjs ckn esjs csVs vkSj
iksrs Hkh ;q u djsaA
blosQ cnys mUgsa;g lkspuk pkfg, fd /Ee dks oSQls c
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gekj s vrhrI
v'kksd dk dyx ;q
dyx rVorhZmM+hlk dk izkphu uke gS (ekufp=k 5] i`"B 76 ns[kks)Av'kksd us dyx dks thrus osQ fy, ,d ;q yM+kA ysfdu ;qtfur
glk vkSj [kwu&[kjkck ns[kdj mUgsa;q ls for`".kk gks xbZA mUgksaus fu.kZ;fy;k fd os Hkfo"; esadHkh ;q ughadjsaxsA
v'kksd dk /Ee D;k Fkk\
v'kksd osQ /Ee esafdlh nsork dh iwtk vFkok fdlh deZdkaM dhvko';drk ughaFkhA mUgsayxrk Fkk fd tSls firk vius cPpksadks vPNs
O;ogkj dh f'k{kk nsrs gSaoSls gh ;g mudk drZO; Fkk fd viuh iztk dksfunsZ'k nsaA os cq osQ mins'kksals Hkh izsfjr gq, FksA
,slh dbZleL;k,FkhaftuosQ fy, muesalaosnukFkhA muosQ lkezkT; esavyx&vyx /eksdks ekuus
okys yksx Fks vkSj blls dbZckj Vdjko iSnk gks tkrkFkkA tkuojksadh cfy pxM+s gksrsjgrs FksA v'kksd us ;g eglwl fd;k fd bu leL;kvksadk funku mudk drZO; gSA blhfy, mUgksaus/Ee&egkekk uke osQ vfkdkfj;ksadh fu;qfDr dh
tks txg&txg tkdj /Ee dh f'k{kk nsrs FksA
blosQ vfrfjDr v'kksd us vius lans'k dbZLFkkukasij f'kykvksavkSj LraHkksaij [kqnok fn,A vf/dkfj;ksa
dks ;g funsZ'k fn;k x;k fd os jktk osQ lans'k dks muyksxksadks i
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viuh iztk osQ fy, v'kksd osQ lans'kyksx fofHkUu voljksaij vuq"Bku djrs gSaA mnkgj.k osQ fy, tc oss chekjgksrs gSa] tc muosQ cPpksa dk fookg gksrk gS] cPpksa osQ tUe ij vkSj tc;k=kk 'kq: djrs gSa] rc os rjg&rjg osQ vuq"Bku djrs gSaA
;s deZdkaM fdlh dke osQ ughaA
blosQ cnys ;fn yksx nwljh jhfr;ksadks ekusa rks og ;knk iQynk;hgksaxhA ;s vU; izdkj dh jhfr;k D;k gSa\
;s gSa& vius nklksavkSj ukSdjksaosQ lkFk vPNk O;ogkj djuk] cM+ksa dkvknj djuk] lHkh thoksaij n;k djuk vkSj czk.kksarFkk Je.kksadks nkunsukA
vius /Ee dh iz'kalk ;k nwljksas osQ /Ee dh fuUnk djuk] nksuksa gh ckrsaxyr gaSA gj fdlh dks nwljs /eZdk vknj djuk pkfg,A ;fn dksbZ vius/eZdh cM+kbZvkSj nwljksaosQ /eZ dh cqjkbZdjrk gS rks og okLro esavius/eZdks ;knk uqdlku igqpk jgk gSA
blhfy, gj fdlh dks nwljs osQ /eZ osQ izeq[k fo'oklksadks le>us dhdksf'k'k djrs gq, mldk vknj djuk pkfg,A
Hkkjr osQ izFke iz/kuea=kh iafMr tokgjyky usg: us fy[kk gS] muosQ
/ekZns'k vkt Hkh gels ,d ,slh Hkk"kk esa ckr djrs gSaftUgsa ge le>ldrs gSa--- vkSj ftuls ge cgqr oqQN lh[k ldrs gSaA**
v'kksd us /Ee osQ fopkjksadks nwj&nwj rd iSQykus osQ fy, mu ckrksa dkscrk;k tks vkiosQ vuqlkj vkt Hkh izklafxd gaSA v'kksd osQ lans'k osQ mufgLlksadks crkvks tks vkt Hkh izklafxd gSaA
czkeh fyfivk/qfud Hkkjr dh ;knkrj
fyfi;kfiNys lSdM+ksao"kksesaczkeh fyfi ls mRiUugqbA;gk vki v* v{kj dksvyx&vyx Hkk"kkvksadh
fyfi;ksa esans[k ldrs gSaA
vkjafHkd czkh nsoukxjh (gnh) ckaXyk ey;kye rfey
v'kksd% ,d vuks[kk lezkVftlus ;q dk R;kx fd;k
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gekj s vrhrI
vU;=k
ekS;Z lkezkT; osQ mHkjus ls FkksM+k igys yxHkx 2400 o"kZigys] phu esalezkVksaus phu dh nhokj dkfuekZ.k 'kq: fd;kA bls cukus dk ms';
mkjh lhek dh i'kqikyd yksxksa ls j{kk
djuk FkkA vxys 2000 o"kks rd bl
nhokj dk fuekZ.k dk;Zpyrk jgk] D;ksafd
lkezkT; dh lhek,cnyrh jghaA ;g nhokj
yxHkx 6400 fdyksehVj yach gS rFkk
iRFkj vkSj bV ls cuh gSA bldh ijh
lrg lM+d tSlh pkSM+h gSA bl nhokj dks
cukus osQ fy, gkkjksa yksxksa dks dke djuk
iM+kA gj 100&200 ehVj dh nwjh ij bl
ij fuxjkuh osQ fy, cqtZ cus gq, gSaA
iM+kslh ns'kksaosQ izfr v'kksd dk joS;k
phuh lezkVksaosQ joS;s ls oSQls fHkUu Fkk\
mi;ksxh 'kCnlkezkT;
jkt/kuh
vf/dkjh
lans'kokgd
izkar
/Ee
dYiuk djksrqe dyx esajgrh gks vkSj rqEgkjs ek&cki dks ;q esadkiQh nq[k mBku