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Government of Nepal Ministry of Health and Population ANEMIA, IRON DEFICIENCY AND IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA VITAMIN A DEFICIENCY STATUS Nationally, 4% of children and 3% of non-pregnant women were vitamin A deficient measured by modified relative dose test (MRDR) of vitamin A liver stores. The prevalence of vitamin A deficiency was 7% among children and 5% among non-pregnant women in Terai. Vitamin A Deficiency among Children and Women by Ecological Region Percent of children and non-pregnant women with Vitamin A deficiency assessed by MRDR: G6PD Deficiency by Ecological Region Percent of children and non-pregnant women with G6PD deficiency: RBC Folate Status Percent of children, adolescent girls and non-pregnant women who had RBC folate deficiency, at risk of deficiency and insuffiency for preventing neural tube defects: Stunted, Wasted and Underweight among Children by Ecological Region Percent of children 6-59 months who are: Helicobacter Pylori Infection Percent of children, adolescents and non-pregnant women with H. pylori infection: Nationally, anemia ranged from 11-27% among children, adolescents and women; iron deficiency ranged from 5-28% and; iron deficiency anemia ranged from 1-11%. Nepal Micronutrient Status Survey (NNMSS) 2016 is based on a nationally representative sample and provides estimates at the national level, 3 ecological zones, 5 development regions and for urban and rural areas. ZINC STATUS Overall, 21% of children and 24% of non-pregnant women were zinc deficient. Among children and women in Mountain 28-29% suffered from zinc deficiency. RED BLOOD CELL (RBC) FOLATE STATUS Nationally, 12% of women and 16% of adolescent girls were at risk of folate deficiency; and 90-96% of women and adolescent girls had RBC folate insufficiency for preventing neural tube defects. Overall, 20% of children, 14% of adolescent boys, 16% of adolescent girls and 40% of non-pregnant women had H. pylori infection measured in stool (children and women) or by rapid diagnostic test (adolescents). BLOOD DISORDER STATUS Overall, 18% of children and 14% of women were affected by Glucose-6-phosphate Dehydrogenate (G6PD) deficiency. G6PD deficiency was higher in both children and women residing in Terai. Overall, 15% of women suffered from thinness or underweight, 19% from overweight, and 5% from obesity. Nationally, 35% of children 6-59 months suffered from stunting, 29% underweight and 11% wasting. ANTHROPOMETRY STATUS Overall, 32% of each adolescent boys and girls 10-19 years suffered from stunting. Twenty-three percent of boys and 14% of girls were wasted, 5% of boys and 4% of girls were overweight and around 1% of each boys and girls were obese. Overall, the mUIC of children 6-9 years was 314.1 μg/L, among non-pregnant women 15-49 years was 286.2 μg/L and among pregnant women 15-49 years was 241.3 μg/L. As a reflection of iodine status, the mUIC values for children 6-9 years, non-pregnant women and pregnant women were all adequate or above. MEDIAN URINARY IODINE STATUS (mUIC) IRON CONTENT IN WHEAT FLOUR SAMPLE Twenty percent of Maida and 36% of Atta flour tested positive in iron spot test. Thirteen percent of Maida and 36% of Atta had an iron level meeting Nepal’s standard for iron in wheat flour i.e. >60 mg/kg. HOUSEHOLD SALT IODIZATION Overall, 91% salt samples had an iodine level equal to or more than 15 ppm and 68% had excessive iodine levels (>40 ppm). SOIL TRANSMITTED HELMINTHS Nationally, 12% of children and 19% of non-pregnant women had soil transmitted helminths. HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION NEPAL NATIONAL MICRONUTRIENT STATUS SURVEY 2016 Mountain Hill Terai National Mountain Hill Terai National Mountain Hill Terai National Anemia, Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia Percent of children, adolescents and women with: Children (6-59 months) Non-pregnant Women (15-49 years) Zinc Deficiency among Children and Women by Development Region Percent of children and non-pregnant women who are zinc deficient: Children (6-59 months) Non-pregnant Women (15-49 years) Non-pregnant Women (15-49 years) Non-pregnant Adolescent Girls (10-19 years) Adolescent Boys (10-19 years) Children (6-59 months) Mountain Hill Terai National 28 29 23 24 18 24 21 24 Children (6-59 months) Non-pregnant Women (15-49 years) Iodization Level in Salt Sample Percent of household salt sample as per level of iodine content: Stunting, Wasting, Overweight and Obesity among Adolescents Percent of adolescent boys and adolescent girls who are: <15 ppm >15 ppm >15-40 ppm >40 ppm Stunted Wasted Underweight Wasted Overweight Obese Stunted Normal Underweight Overweight Obese Nutrition Status among Women Percent of non-pregnant women 15-49 years who are: New ERA 12 19 Non-pregnant Women (15-49 years) Children (6-59 months) Soil Transmitted Helminths Percent of children and non-pregnant women infected with any soil transmitted helminths: Crystal Refined Crushed All Salt 19 11 21 20 27 28 5 18 19 14 11 1 7 8 5 Children (6-59 months) Adolescent Boys (10-19 years) Non-pregnant Adolescent Girls (10-19 years) Non-pregnant Women (15-49 years) Pregnant Women (15-49 years) Anemia Iron Deficiency Iron Deficiency Anemia 7 1 4 0 1 5 3 1 1 6 5 6 16 12 96 90 Children (6-59 months) Non-pregnant Adolescent Girls (10-19 years) Non-pregnant Women (15-49 years) RBC Folate Deficiency Risk of RBC Folate Deficiency RBC Folate Insufficiency for Preventing Neural Tube Defects 20 14 16 40 18 18 23 14 10 14 9 6 45 33 35 35 9 9 13 54 3 0 9 46 97 98 91 39 22 46 23 8 68 52 76 62 5 19 15 Non-pregnant Adolescent Girls (10-19 years) Adolescent Boys (10-19 years) 32 32 23 5 1 1 4 14 11 35 24 33 29 Positive by Iron Spot Test Maida Flour 19.5% 35.5% 13.3% 35.8% Atta Flour >60 mg/kg Number of Participants 4,309 1,709 1,138 1,025 1,865 2,351 Households Children 6-59 months School age children 6-9 years Adolescent boys 10-19 years Adolescent girls 10-19 years Women 15-49 years
