Neplan Selectivity Analysis v42

NEPLAN®

User's Guide

Selectivity Analysis

Version 4.2

Busarello + Cott + Partner Inc.

NEPLAN – selectivity module V4.2 Release: 190700

ABB-DECES/BD-Fe - NEPLAN-Selectivity-Analysis-V42.doc -10.01.2001 11:18 Page 2 of 42

Information in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of Busarello + Cott + Partner Inc. No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, for any purpose without the express written permission of Busarello + Cott + Partner Inc. 1988-2000 Busarello + Cott + Partner Inc, Erlenbach, Switzerland. All rights reserved. Busarello + Cott + Partner Inc. Bahnhofstrasse 40 CH-8703 Erlenbach Switzerland Phone: +41 1 914 36 66 Telefax: +41 1 991 19 71 E-mail: [email protected] Internet: www.neplan.ch



Contents 1 The new concept .........................................................................................................7

1.1 NEPLAN V4.2................................................................................................................... 7 1.2 Protection devices ............................................................................................................ 7 1.3 Data model of protection devices...................................................................................... 7 1.4 Higher-order requirements................................................................................................ 8

2 The new selectivity module........................................................................................9 2.1 Installation ........................................................................................................................ 9 2.2 Functions of the independent E_SelModul.exe module .................................................. 10 2.3 Functions of the interactive graphic E_E32.exe .............................................................. 10 2.4 What does not work yet? ................................................................................................ 10

3 The independent program E_SelModul.exe............................................................11 3.1 General .......................................................................................................................... 11 3.2 The menus and icons ..................................................................................................... 11 3.3 The list of elements ........................................................................................................ 11 3.4 System parameters ........................................................................................................ 12 3.5 Project information.......................................................................................................... 12

4 Integration in the interactive graphic ......................................................................13 4.1 General .......................................................................................................................... 13 4.2 Editing of protection device data..................................................................................... 13 4.3 Protection device response ............................................................................................ 14 4.4 Creating selectivity diagrams.......................................................................................... 15 4.5 Editing selectivity diagrams ............................................................................................ 16 4.6 Parameters..................................................................................................................... 16

5 The current-time diagrams .......................................................................................17 5.1 General .......................................................................................................................... 17 5.2 Diagram properties ......................................................................................................... 17 5.3 Saving the diagram or copying to the clipboard .............................................................. 18

6 The characteristic editor...........................................................................................19 6.1 The dialog window.......................................................................................................... 19 6.2 Graphical input and editing of characteristics.................................................................. 20 6.3 Numerical input of characteristic points .......................................................................... 20 6.4 Specifying standard characteristics ................................................................................ 21 6.5 Creating tolerance characteristics................................................................................... 21

7 The module editor .....................................................................................................22



7.1 Editing of protection modules.......................................................................................... 22 7.2 Characteristics................................................................................................................ 23 7.3 Coding of the setting ranges........................................................................................... 26 7.4 Tolerances...................................................................................................................... 26 7.5 Setup of protection modules ........................................................................................... 27

8 The device editor.......................................................................................................28 8.1 General .......................................................................................................................... 28 8.2 Adding new protection devices, wizards ......................................................................... 28 8.3 Editing of protection devices........................................................................................... 29

9 The diagram editor ....................................................................................................36 9.1 The selectivity diagram dialog window............................................................................ 36 9.2 Editing selectivity diagrams ............................................................................................ 37

10 Application of old data..............................................................................................38 10.1 General ....................................................................................................................... 38 10.2 Procedure for updating old libraries............................................................................. 38 10.3 Procedure for updating old project files ....................................................................... 39

11 Documentation, print output ....................................................................................41 11.1 General ....................................................................................................................... 41 11.2 Library data................................................................................................................. 42 11.3 Protection device setting tables and selectivity diagrams ............................................ 42

1 The new concept .........................................................................................................7 1.1 NEPLAN V4.2................................................................................................................... 7 1.2 Protection devices ............................................................................................................ 7 1.3 Data model of protection devices...................................................................................... 7 1.4 Higher-order requirements................................................................................................ 8

2 The new selectivity module........................................................................................9 2.1 Installation ........................................................................................................................ 9 2.2 Functions of the independent E_SelModul.exe module .................................................. 10 2.3 Functions of the interactive graphic E_E32.exe .............................................................. 10 2.4 What does not work yet? ................................................................................................ 10

3 The independent program E_SelModul.exe............................................................11 3.1 General .......................................................................................................................... 11 3.2 The menus and icons ..................................................................................................... 11 3.3 The list of elements ........................................................................................................ 11 3.4 System parameters ........................................................................................................ 12 3.5 Project information.......................................................................................................... 12



4 Integration in the interactive graphic ......................................................................13 4.1 General .......................................................................................................................... 13 4.2 Editing of protection device data..................................................................................... 13 4.3 Protection device response ............................................................................................ 14 4.4 Creating selectivity diagrams.......................................................................................... 15 4.5 Editing selectivity diagrams ............................................................................................ 16 4.6 Parameters..................................................................................................................... 16

5 The current-time diagrams .......................................................................................17 5.1 General .......................................................................................................................... 17 5.2 Diagram properties ......................................................................................................... 17 5.3 Saving the diagram or copying to the clipboard .............................................................. 18

6 The characteristic editor...........................................................................................19 6.1 The dialog window.......................................................................................................... 19 6.2 Graphical input and editing of characteristics.................................................................. 20 6.3 Numerical input of characteristic points .......................................................................... 20 6.4 Specifying standard characteristics ................................................................................ 21 6.5 Creating tolerance characteristics................................................................................... 21

7 The module editor .....................................................................................................22 7.1 Editing of protection modules.......................................................................................... 22 7.2 Characteristics................................................................................................................ 23 7.3 Coding of the setting ranges........................................................................................... 26 7.4 Tolerances...................................................................................................................... 26 7.5 Setup of protection modules ........................................................................................... 27

8 The device editor.......................................................................................................28 8.1 General .......................................................................................................................... 28 8.2 Adding new protection devices, wizards ......................................................................... 28 8.3 Editing of protection devices........................................................................................... 29

9 The diagram editor ....................................................................................................36 9.1 The selectivity diagram dialog window............................................................................ 36 9.2 Editing selectivity diagrams ............................................................................................ 37

10 Application of old data..............................................................................................38 10.1 General ....................................................................................................................... 38 10.2 Procedure for updating old libraries............................................................................. 38 10.3 Procedure for updating old project files ....................................................................... 39

11 Documentation, print output ....................................................................................41 11.1 General ....................................................................................................................... 41 11.2 Library data................................................................................................................. 42



11.3 Protection device setting tables and selectivity diagrams ............................................ 42



1 The new concept

1.1 NEPLAN V4.2

The NEPLAN concept starting with Version 5.0 involves the modularization of the program system, with the functions largely organized in DLLs. A central point in the overall program system is the handling of overcurrent-time protection devices. Essential functions are available starting with version 4.2.

1.2 Protection devices

The concept for the distribution of functionality is as follows:

• Program level The programs are the interface to the user and handle superordinate functions such as file access, printing, etc. The (independent) programs have access to the protection devices - Protection device library editor (SelModul) - Selectivity analysis (SelModul) - Cable sizing - Interactive graphics - Short-circuit, load flow calculation modules - Additional calculation modules

• Data and function level The data classes with the description of the full functionality and the user interface to edit the data (dialog windows) are provided in the form of dynamic link libraries (DLLs). The overcurrent-time protection devices are defined in SelDevic.dll.

• Interfaces The connections must be realized using interfaces during a transitional period in which the modules are successively reprogrammed. The access of the interactive graphic and the short-circuit and load-flow modules to the protection devices is realized via the SelInter.dll interface.

1.3 Data model of protection devices

The data model of the protection devices was developed further, the overall concept was retained however. The following 3 libraries remain available:

• *.sd1 characteristic library (Section 6) nearly unchanged; see below

• *.sd2 protective function library (Section 7) The handling of the protective functions has been enhanced.

• *.sd3 protection device library (Section 8) In future, the protection devices will be distinguished as fuses, relays, tripping devices and circuit-breakers. This is necessary to permit integration with the cable dimensioning and network calculation modules. This results in simplified handling.



1.4 Higher-order requirements

A variety of higher-order aspects have been defined as follows:

• Continued storage of data in ASCII files

• Input of numerical values (data masks) with decimal separator as specified in the current Windows regional settings

• Writing / reading of NEPLAN (internal) files with decimal point to prevent data exchange problems - with customers, for example.

• Writing / reading of import/export files with decimal separator as specified in the current Windows regional settings

• Documentation: language-dependent decimal separator as specified by standard Windows settings

• Storage of system parameters in the registry; no .ini files



2 The new selectivity module

2.1 Installation

The following files belong to the selectivity module: Program files : D_SelModul.exe German program version E_SelModul.exe English program version SelDevic.dll Protection devices SelInter.dll Interface to the interactive graphic Mfc42d.dll, Msvcrtd.dll Microsoft program libraries Mcontr32.dll Control functions Libraries : *.sd1 Characteristics *.sd2 Protective modules *.sd3 Protection devices Project files : *.sel Protection devices and diagrams



2.2 Functions of the independent E_SelModul.exe module

The program contains the following components/functions:

• Editor for characteristic libraries (*.sd1)

• Editor for protection module libraries (*.sd2)

• Editor for protection devices libraries (*.sd3)

• Editor for protection project files (*.sel) with protection devices and selectivity diagrams

• All objects can be documented in page view and printing. The program registers itself in the registry the first time it is launched. This permits standard Explorer features to be used such as double-clicking on files to open, file dragging, and opening or printing files from the Explorer context menu. A file format change was required; files created with the previous module (up to version 4.1) can be read and edited. Back conversion is not possible without a partial loss of data. The customary file backup mechanism has been implemented: existing files are saved with a modified extension (*.s_1 or *.s_2 ...).

2.3 Functions of the interactive graphic E_E32.exe

The program loads the protection device file (*.sel) with the project data (*.mcb), if available, i.e. if both files have the same name. The following functions are available:

• Editing of protection device data with the graphic or list editor

• Editing of selectivity diagrams with the list editor

• Simulation of the response characteristics in short-circuit and load flow calculations; the response time is documented in the graphic.

• Automatic creation of selectivity diagrams according to calculations

2.4 What does not work yet?

A number of functions have not yet been realized:

• Help system (context-sensitive)

• Processing of information related to let-trough energy



3 The independent program E_SelModul.exe

3.1 General

The user interface and handling of the program corresponds to current standards. Launching the program does not create a new empty document as in Word or Excel, for example. The user uses the menu to determine the type of library (characteristics, protection modules...) or the project file to be created/opened. Multiple files (*.sd1, *.sd2...) can be opened and edited; files can also be merged. Access to the contents of the file is realized via the list of elements; double-clicking on an element opens the editing dialog. If different file types are to be associated, for example to transfer characteristics to modules, the "?" function always applies to the library that last had the focus. For users, this means that they must open and focus on the required library in time when entering data (before inserting the new element).

3.2 The menus and icons

Actions are performed using menus and a tool bar. Both are self-explanatory as they correspond to standards and feature "ScreenTips", i.e. bubble help and explanations in the status bar. Context menus can be accessed via the right mouse button in many dialog fields.

3.3 The list of elements

The contents of the open file are displayed in a list field. A variety of views are available in a manner similar to that of the Explorer. See "View" menu and tool bar. An icon containing information about the type of device belongs to each element in the list. One or more elements can be selected in the list; the action is then selected via the menu or tool bar. If multiple elements have been selected for editing, the data masks will appear consecutively. The selection of specific elements for documentation is also possible. In the case of libraries, the type name and an optional description appears in the list. This information can be entered in the data mask after clicking the "Type Info" button. The type name may have up to 24 characters, the description up to 64 characters. Descriptions are not available in old libraries. Topological information and the device type appears in the list for the protection devices of a project file.



3.4 System parameters

The system parameters that are stored in a user-specific manner in the registry include the user ID for the table header and the settings of folders for data and libraries. The dialog is opened via the "Tools – System Parameters..." menu.

3.5 Project information

Each project file contains project-specific information which is important for the documentation. The dialog is opened via the "Tools – Project Information..." menu. The table header can be taken over from the system parameters with the "read in" button. The following output languages are currently available:

German - with decimal comma German (CH) - with decimal point English French



4 Integration in the interactive graphic

4.1 General

The selectivity analysis module must be enabled for access to the "advanced" protection device data; see "Info – Modules..." and activation of the menu option "Calculation – Current-Time Protection". The protection device data is stored in a separate file with the extension *.sel. The program automatically loads this file together with the project data (*.mcb). This requires both files to have the same name. The data is associated through the unambiguous element name and an internal ID. The protection device data that was previously managed separately (up to V4.1) can be used without changes. Preparatory processing with the SelModul may be necessary to update the protection device data.

4.2 Editing of protection device data

Access to the "advanced" protection device data is realized via the standard data mask and the "Characteristic" button. The dialog field for advanced data is then displayed.



Alternatively, a list of protection devices can also be used for access. The list can be called up using the "Calculation –Time Overcurrent Protection – Protection Devices..." menu. This list contains all protection devices, i.e. also those that are not shown in the graphic. The data can be accessed with a double-click.

4.3 Protection device response

The response of protection devices is always checked in short-circuit and load flow calculations. The response time is shown in the graphic, provided

• the device responds and • is visible.

The basis for determining the response time from the characteristic is the branch-circuit current in the branch to which the protection device is assigned. After the calculation, this current is also shown in the protection device dialog. As a rule, short-circuit current calculations should be made with only one fault location and large fault distance !



4.4 Creating selectivity diagrams

After a short-circuit calculation has been performed, the program can create a selectivity diagram in which all protection devices affected by the projected fault are shown with their characteristics. A diagram can also be created after a load flow calculation, but the short-circuit current calculation generally provides the better results. To create a diagram, use the "Calculation – Current-Time Protection – Evaluation Last Calculation..." menu. A diagram with the following contents will appear:

(1) All affected protection devices (2) The characteristics of these protection devices (3) The currents "measured" by the protection devices (4) The identification of the currents in the diagram

The decision as to whether a protection device is included in the diagram is based on the number of protection devices found:

1. Initially all protection devices that have registered more than half the nominal current are included

2. If more than 10 devices were found in step 1, only those devices will be included that have responded

3. If the number of devices still exceeds 10, an error message is issued 4. If less than 3 devices were found in step 1, the limit is reduced to 0,1*In



The diagram can be edited normally, for example by adding or deleting protection devices. When the dialog is closed with "OK", the diagram is saved and can be called up using the list.

4.5 Editing selectivity diagrams

Existing diagrams can be edited via a diagram list that can be called up using the "Calculation – Current-Time Protection – Diagrams..." menu. Double-click on a diagram in the list to open it. The results of a new calculation - specifically the new current values of the protection devices shown in the diagram - can be applied to the list of currents in this manner, and thus to the diagram. It can be called up with the "new results" button.

4.6 Parameters

A dialog for the parameters of the protection device file can be called up using the "Calculation – Current-Time Protection – Parameters..." menu. The headlines entered here and the output language will become effective in the documentation. (see Section 3.5)



5 The current-time diagrams

5.1 General

The response of the current-time protection devices are visualized in the current-time diagrams. The response time is shown in dependence upon current. The characteristics must always slope downward, i.e. the response time becomes shorter (or remains the same) as the current rises. Such diagrams are used in a variety of dialog windows, as well as in the documentation of the data. The time axis covers the range from 10 to 1000 s (approx.16 min.). This axis is preset and cannot be modified by the user. The current axis can be marked in relative units (Ir), in A or in kA. The calibration of the current axis and the number of decades to be displayed is determined by the program. It is set to ensure that all information will be visible at all times.

5.2 Diagram properties

The appearance and properties of the diagrams can be altered. This can be done using the context menu that can be called up with the right mouse button. The context menus vary according to the diagram types, but generally contain the following options: - Mark supporting points yes/no - Display axis legends yes/no

- Open "Diagram Properties" dialog

0,100 Ir 1,0 Ir 10 Ir 100 Ir

1000 s

100 s

10 s

1,0 s

0,100 s

0,010 s



The "Diagram Properties" dialog contains a variety of display options. These settings not only affect the on-screen display of the diagram, but are also effective when the diagram is placed on the clipboard or saved as a metafile. The diagram properties are stored in the Windows registry.

• The display of the axis legends can also be toggled here, as in the context menu.

• The fonts for the axis legends can be selected using a standard dialog. The same font is used for all diagrams!

• The display of the dashed lines for each decade can be toggled. This option is also available in the context menu.

• Enabling "Grid detailed" results in a complete divisioning of the decades by tens.

• The marking of the characteristic supporting points can also be toggled quickly using the context menu, as this may permit easier verification of the characteristic.

• The size of the point markings also corresponds to the mouse-click snap setting and thus affects the editing process.

• The line thickness of the curves and the color settings only become effective when editing the characteristics.

5.3 Saving the diagram or copying to the clipboard

All diagrams can be saved to a Windows meta file via the context menu (see above). A "Save File" dialog is displayed which contains a file name generated from the current date and time. The "Clipboard" option also uses the meta file format, ensuring that the graphics thus transferred remain easily scalable.



6 The characteristic editor

6.1 The dialog window

The graphical editing of the point-by-point characteristics is performed in the following dialog window. The window can be enlarged, but cannot be displayed any smaller. Activating the "Insert, Move, Delete Points" option (1) enables the direct graphical editing of the characteristic with the mouse. A variety of cursor shapes are used. The mouse coordinates are displayed dynamically in both editing fields (2). When a point of a characteristic has been marked (3), the coordinates of that point are statically displayed and can be edited. Precise numerical values can thus be entered. New characteristic points can also be entered using the input fields. The processing of the characteristic has been substantially improved over the old program version. "Reversed" characteristics no longer occur. A complex algorithm corrects the points as required to ensure a continuously declining characteristic. Functions to simplify the creation and editing of characteristics:

• Any characteristics from the current file can be selected as a "template" (4). The old characteristic is used as a template by default when editing existing characteristics, thus ensuring that changes are immediately visible.

• Standard characteristics (5) can serve as the basis of a new curve.



• Moving complete characteristics using factors permits the simple generation of suitable tolerance curves (6)

The buttons for global function are now marked with icons instead of text:

• "Undo" (7) and "Redo" (8) • "Copy" (9) and "Load" (10) All processing steps can be undone; the redo function, i.e. to undo an undo operation, does not work yet. Diagram properties The appearance and properties of the diagrams can be altered. Ensure that no points are selected when calling up the context menu with the right mouse button (see Section "5.2"). The diagram properties are stored in the Windows registry. Editing of fuse characteristics The following special features must be observed when editing fuse characteristics:

• The "Template" and "Standard Characteristic" buttons are not enabled.

• The current axis and value display indicates ampere values. The current axis is automatically adapted to the required current range.

6.2 Graphical input and editing of characteristics

The "Insert" function in the menu or on the tool bar can be used to create a new characteristic. Alternatively, the "New Type" element in the list can be used. Characteristic points may be entered either graphically or numerically. The action can be selected by activating one of the checkboxes:

• Insert..points Point and click with the mouse in the diagram; the displayed coordinates simplify the input. The points are sorted into the characteristic using the current value as the sorting criterion. Time values are corrected as required to prevent reversals of the characteristics.

• Move..points Click on a point to select it and drag the point. The point is "lost" when leaving the valid range. In difficult cases, use numerical inputs for corrections.

• Delete..points Click on a point with the mouse.

The checkbox of the function will remain activated until it is unchecked or an input is made in an input field. Alternatively, the point can be selected with a mouse click; the right mouse button will then bring up the following context menu:

6.3 Numerical input of characteristic points

The numerical input of characteristic points in the current and time value input fields permits precise values to be entered.



• Entering new points Enter the current and time values in the input fields above the diagram, click "Apply". Note: Ensure that no point is currently selected, otherwise it will be moved.

• Moving a point First select a point. The input fields will now display the exact values. The values can now be changed and applied.

The points are also sorted into the characteristic when the input is made numerically, with the current value serving as the sorting criterion. The time values may be corrected as required to avoid reversals of the characteristics.

6.4 Specifying standard characteristics

The specification of standard characteristics can be a good basis for the input of a specific characteristic. The following characteristics are available:

6.5 Creating tolerance characteristics

Use the "Move" button to open the following dialog. An existing characteristic can be easily moved to create a suitable tolerance characteristic.



7 The module editor

7.1 Editing of protection modules

A "protection module", also known as a "protective function" or "protective stage", is the smallest functional unit of a protection device. Protection modules have their own library type. The essential properties of the module are defined in one main and several additional data masks. A reduced data mask can be used to change the settings of the module at a later time (see Section 7.5).

(1) Type name and description (2) Load the module data from the library (3) Copy and load the module data (4) Selection field for the protective function;

available options are: – Overload – Overcurrent – Directional overcurrent – Earth fault – Directional earth fault

(5) Selection field for the characteristic (6) Definition of the possible options for (5)

see Section 7.2 (7) Selection field for the reference value of the

current setting; available options are: – Rated current Ir – Basic current Ib – Total current I0 – Basic current Ib0 – Setting I1 of 1st protection stage

(8) The type name will be displayed here if the module contains current-time characteristics that have been defined point-by-point, i.e. if "i/t characteristic" has been defined as a possible option under (6); The "..." button calls up the dialog for the selection/input of characteristics. (see Section 7.2.2)

(9) Definition of the current and time setting ranges; see Section 7.3. (10) Input of positive and negative tolerances; see Section 0 (11) Input of the "basic time" tb of the characteristic or the factor for the sloping of corners in the

case of definite-time overcurrent-time modules. The rate of rise of a current-dependent characteristic, i.e. the response time of the relay, can be set with the time setting "t /p.u.". A value of t = 1.0 p.u. (if tb=1s) results in the original characteristic. A number of manufacturers specify the response time at a multiple of the current setting (generally a factor of 6 or 10) for the time setting. In this case the time reference value can be entered as "tb /s"; the original settings should then be entered under "t /p.u.".



7.2 Characteristics

The selection field for the characteristic of the protection module (5) contains only those characteristics that have been defined as selectable. The "..." button (6) opens the following dialog for this purpose: As a rule, 3 groups of characteristics must be distinguished:

1. I-t characteristics in which the curve which has been defined point-by-point is modified by setting values

2. Definite-time overcurrent-time protection, in which the current and time settings are implemented directly as a right-angle characteristic

3. Current-dependent characteristics (inverse time) defined by rules and internally calculated on the basis of formulas; the multiplication of these standard characteristics with the time and current settings result in the effective characteristics.



7.2.1 I-t characteristics The "i-t characteristic" option for the characteristic is further subdivided in the options (1), (2) and (3). The different processing of the characteristics is shown in the following graphics. i-t characteristic (1): The processing corresponds to the previous handling of i-t characteristics, i.e. both the i and t values are multiplied by the settings. Settings i = 2* Ir, t = 1 p.u. Settings i = 1* Ir, t = 2 p.u. i-t characteristic (2): The sloping part of the characteristic corresponds to a constant i²t value dependent on the time setting; the current setting only affects the left-hand section of the characteristic. Settings i = 2* Ir, t = 1 p.u. Settings i = 1* Ir, t = 2 p.u.

0,100 Ir 1,0 Ir 10 Ir 100 Ir

1000 s

100 s

10 s

1,0 s

0,100 s

0,010 s0,100 Ir 1,0 Ir 10 Ir 100 Ir

1000 s

100 s

10 s

1,0 s

0,100 s

0,010 s

0,100 Ir 1,0 Ir 10 Ir 100 Ir

1000 s

100 s

10 s

1,0 s

0,100 s

0,010 s0,100 Ir 1,0 Ir 10 Ir 100 Ir

1000 s

100 s

10 s

1,0 s

0,100 s

0,010 s



i-t characteristic (3): The sloping part of the characteristic also corresponds to a constant i²t value in this case; however, it is dependent on the current setting; the time setting only affects the bottom section of the characteristic. Settings i = 2* Ir, t = 1 p.u. Settings i = 1* Ir, t = 2 p.u.

7.2.2 Characteristics and tolerances If "i/t characteristic" is a possible option, the Characteristics bay in the dialog is enabled. At least one characteristic must be defined. The following small dialog field is designed for this purpose, which can then lead onto the editing window for characteristics (see Section 6.1): Two characteristics can be specified to depict the tolerance band of the protective function. If only one characteristic is stated, the information pertaining to the tolerance band (0) becomes effective and the program calculates the minimum and maximum characteristics on he basis of the basic characteristic.

0,100 Ir 1,0 Ir 10 Ir 100 Ir

1000 s

100 s

10 s

1,0 s

0,100 s

0,010 s0,100 Ir 1,0 Ir 10 Ir 100 Ir

1000 s

100 s

10 s

1,0 s

0,100 s

0,010 s



7.3 Coding of the setting ranges

The coding of the setting ranges is relatively complex when entering protection module data. The most realistic possible depiction of the module's possible settings should be achieved; this will facilitate the subsequent setup of the protection devices significantly, however. The following convention should be observed (the following examples apply for the "comma decimal separator" regional settings) : only one setting value, i.e. cannot be set effectively "1" or "1,0" several different setting values "1;2;3" or "0,150;0,3;0,45" Setting range in step width, e.g. variable from "2" in steps from "2" to "10"

"2-2-10"

any combination of the codes above separated by semicolons (e.g. 1,2,3,4,6,8,12 can be set)

"1-1-3;4-2-8;12" or "1-1-4;6;8;12" or...

The following coding is generated using the settings when loading old data that only contains the upper and lower limits of the setting ranges. Subsequent editing is generally required. No minimum value (min): min = setting (act) No maximum value (max): max = act min = max = act (=1) "1" min < max: the range is divided into 5 sections, i.e. 6 valid settings are available

"1-1-6"

Setting value between minimum and maximum value: the overall range is divided into two sections, "min..act" and "act..max" e.g. min=1 act=8 max=10

"1-1-6;8-0,4-10

Very large setting ranges with small steps (e.g. "0,010s to 300s in 0,010s increments"), such as those that occur with new electronic relays can lead to storage problems. It would be necessary to save 30000 setting values in the example. To prevent this, the program does not accept any increments smaller than 1%.

7.4 Tolerances

Protection devices, and thus also protection modules, always have 2 characteristics in the new program version, a minimum ("warm") and maximum ("cold") characteristic. As a result, characteristics are always displayed as an area in the selectivity diagrams.



In the case of fuses, 2 characteristics are definitely stated. For protection modules, i.e. relays and tripping devices, tolerances are input directly. The positive and negative tolerances are stated in good technical documentation.

7.5 Setup of protection modules

A special dialog which has been reduced to essential information is available for the setup of a protection module within the predefined limits. The effective characteristic is displayed during the setup procedure. The following items can be set up:

• "locked" yes/no The module is disabled; unlike the earlier version, information pertaining to the actual function (overcurrent...) is no longer lost.

• Characteristic Especially in the case of inverse time relays, the characteristic can be switched simply between the possible options.

• Current and time settings Only those settings that were previously coded in the setting range are possible. The setting can either be changed using the "+" and "-" buttons or by directly entering the setting in the editing field.



8 The device editor

8.1 General

Unlike the previous versions of the program, the protection devices are now organized in various types:

• Fuses

• Circuit-breakers (similar to fuses)

• Overcurrent releases for low-voltage power circuit breakers

• Overcurrent-time relays, secondary relays with transformer connections

• Protection object for the illustration of threshold values, motor starting currents, etc. Protection device types can be stored in device libraries (*.sd3) independently of the device type. In addition, "type series" libraries will be available later with the function "Find suitable fuse for indicated rated current, etc."

8.2 Adding new protection devices, wizards

Adding new protection devices via the interactive graphic (see Section 4.2) can be realized in two ways:

• The user enters a protection device typ contained in the allocated library into the first data mask. The program loads the device data from the library and displays the normal dialog (8.3) an.

• The user does not enter a protection device type. The program will launch a wizard to guide the user through the required dialogs in several steps.

The addition of a protection device with the independent program (see Section 3) requires the protection device type to be established first. This can be done via the menu ("Edit – Add New Device – Fuse...") or a small dialog box: The program will then launch a wizard to guide the user through the required dialogs in several steps.



8.3 Editing of protection devices

The input and editing of data is performed on several tabbed dialog fields. The following tabs are available:

• Info / View (not for library data) -> 8.3.1 - Display / input of topological information - Definition of color and pattern of characteristic

• Text (not for library data) -> 8.3.2 Input of text information, comments for the documentation

• Technical Data (depends on the protection device type) -> 8.3.3 Input of rated and reference current, etc.. In the case of library elements, the type name is also entered here.

• Characteristic(s) (depends on the protection device type) -> 8.3.7 display of the effective characteristics; make adjustments as required

• Let-trough Energy (depends on the protection device type) -> Information on the let-trough energy of the protection device – not implemented yet!

Not only the data required for the selectivity studies has been recorded, but also that required for cable dimensioning.

8.3.1 "Info / View" tab: The editing fields for node names, etc. are disabled when the protection device has been called up via the interactive graphic. The data is displayed but cannot be modified. The fixed assignment of the color and pattern of characteristics ensures the consistent display of the characteristics in the selectivity diagrams.



8.3.2 "Text" tab: The text information entered here only appears in the documentation, i.e. in the relay setup tables.

8.3.3 "Technical Data - General" tab: This tab is used for all protection device types:

(1) Type information; a unique type name is required for library elements. (2) Button to transfer data from the library; only library elements

of the same protection device type are available. (3) Button to copy the complete technical data of the device, including characteristics. (4) Button to load the data copied with (3).

The following input fields are available on this tab for protection device types in which the self-impedance of the device has been taken into account in the cable dimensioning:



8.3.4 "Technical Data – Fuses and Circuit-Breakers" tab: The additional data for fuses and circuit breakers only amounts to:

the rated current Ir the high test current (I2) related to the rated current

8.3.5 "Technical Data – Tripping Devices and Relays" tab: The additional data for releases and relays relates to the various currents:

Release Relay

Ir Rated current of the power circuit-breaker Primary transformer nominal current

Ib Rated current of the release Basic current (reference current)

I0 Rated current of the release for earth fault detection

Primary transformer nominal current, summation current transformer (cable-

type current transformer)

Ib0 Reference current for earth fault detection Basic current for earth fault detection



8.3.6 "Technical Data – Protection Object" tab: Protection objects permit limit values or limit curves to be displayed. The program features functions to generate limit curves. The rated current Ir (1) of the protection object should always be stated. Thermal limit curves of cables The value I²t (2) to be determined on the basis of the permissible short-circuit current density is converted to a limit curve (t=0...5s) by clicking (3). The curve generally exceeds the current range up to 100Ir. The rated current is not taken into consideration in the curve, as it applies to a time value of >>1000s. The curve can be supplemented as required. Motor starting currents Clicking button (5) creates a simple acceleration curve (4) if is Ian/Ir > 2.0 (red curve).

Current flow from result file The button (6) can be used to apply any current line from a motor acceleration result file (*.rmh) as a characteristic. Note: The result file is searched for the element name of the protection object. If the required element name is not found, a selection list of the available results is displayed. Voltage can only be checked in the case of motors. If the acceleration process does not start at the time 0,0 s, the starting condition will be suppressed to ensure that no reversed characteristics result.

0,100 Ir 1,0 Ir 10 Ir 100 Ir

1000 s

100 s

10 s

1,0 s

0,100 s

0,010 s

0,100 Ir 1,0 Ir 10 Ir 100 Ir 1000 Ir

1000 s

100 s

10 s

1,0 s

0,100 s

0,010 s



8.3.7 "Characteristic(s) - General" tab: This tab contains a graphical representation of the various device characteristics for all protection device types. For information on the diagram, see Section 5. The representation of the characteristics on the tabs always shows the discrete minimum and maximum characteristics. In the selectivity diagram (Section 9) on the other hand, the characteristics will appear as a tolerance area; exception: only individual characteristics are shown for protection objects.

8.3.8 "Technical Data – Fuses, Circuit-Breakers and Protection Objects" tab: The tab shows the characteristics in the diagram; the high test direct current I2 to be entered on the "Technical Data" tab (8.3.4) will also be shown as required. Characteristics can be loaded from an open library using the "?" buttons. The dialog described in Section 6 should be called up to edit the characteristics; the diagram is then calibrated in ampere values and current values can be processed without conversion.



8.3.9 "Characteristic(s) - Tripping Devices and Relays" tab: The tab shows all of the characteristics active in the diagram, i.e. the characteristics of blocked protective functions do not appear. In addition to the type of module, the list of protective functions (1) also contains the module's function: I> Overload I>> Overcurrent -> I>> Directional overcurrent I0>> Earth fault -> I0>> Directional earth fault Button (2) adds new protection modules to the protection device.



The program responds as follows to the selection of a module in the list:

• The (partial) characteristic of the module is highlighted in red in the diagram.

• The button (3) to delete the module is enabled.

• If it is possible to set up the module, the setup buttons (4) are enabled. The setting changes become visible in the diagram immediately.

• The button (5) to edit the module is enabled. This button opens the dialog described in Section 7

• The button (6) to set up the module is enabled. This button opens the advanced setup dialog described in Section 7.5

8.3.10 "Let Through Energy" tab: Information related to let through energy is not yet currently processed.



9 The diagram editor

9.1 The selectivity diagram dialog window

Editing in the selectivity diagram dialog window is mainly done using context menus. The dialog window itself contains the following elements: (1) Current-time diagram (Section 5) to display protection device characteristics

- the current axis is automatically determined by the program - the axis legend applies for the basic voltage Ub1 - the characteristics of the protection devices are all converted to the basic voltage

(2) List of the displayed protection devices - when selecting a protection device, the characteristic is marked in the diagram - double-clicking a protection device opens it for editing

(3) List of the entered currents - when selecting a current value, the value is marked in the diagram - double-clicking a current value opens it for editing

(4) Input fields for a maximum of 2 basic (reference) voltages - the input of a second basic voltage will result in a second current axis in the printout.

(5) Display of mouse cursor coordinates (6) The "Text Info" button opens a dialog for the input of a picture number and title



(7) The "Current Results" button only appears when calculation results are available when working with the interactive graphic (Section 4.4)

9.2 Editing selectivity diagrams

9.2.1 General A suitable short-circuit current calculation simplifies the creation of a selectivity diagram considerably. The application of current values from calculation results can also be realized with ease. See sections 4.4 and 4.5

9.2.2 Adding, editing and deleting protection devices A context menu for editing the displayed protection devices can be called up with the right mouse button while the mouse cursor is either over a characteristic in the diagram, or in the protection device list. The options are:

• Edit calls up the device editor (alternatively, double-click)

• Insert adds a further protection device to the diagram A selection list is displayed.

• Delete the selected protection device is removed

• Overcurrent etc. Selection of one of the characteristics of the selected protection device

9.2.3 Adding, editing and deleting current values Current values are displayed as vertical lines in the diagram; selecting a value in the list highlights it with a red line and its text. A context menu for editing the current values can be called up with the right mouse button while the mouse cursor is in the list. The options are:

• Edit calls up the current dialog (alternatively, double-click)

• Copy copies the current value

• Insert adds a new, empty current value to the diagram The current dialog is displayed.

• Delete the selected current value is removed

• Text positioning of the descriptive text top/bottom

The current dialog permits the editing of values and enables the "Copy" and "Load" functions (editing of time-dependent currents and loading from result files have not yet been implemented):



10 Application of old data

10.1 General

Files that were created with an earlier Windows version of the selectivity module can be loaded and processed further. The data will be converted to the new data model while loading. This conversion will be performed in such a manner that a documentation (settings tables and selectivity diagrams) started immediately after the data has been read in will lead to the same result as previously. The data basis has been expanded in some cases, so we recommend updating the files as described below. It is no longer possible to save in the old format, as this would result in a loss of data.

10.2 Procedure for updating old libraries

10.2.1 General The type names must be unambiguous; if duplicate type names are detected while loading, unique names will automatically be generated by the program, such as "SACE-R-MAX" and "SACE-R-MAX (2)" Each library element now has the supplementary data field "Description". This descriptive text is optional.

10.2.2 Characteristic libraries (*.sd1) It is not necessary to update the characteristic libraries.

10.2.3 Module libraries (*.sd2) Most of the update work is required here, as the data basis for the protection modules has been expanded significantly. The number of types may also be reduced, however, as subtypes are no longer required for a variety of characteristics. For details see Section 7. Specifically, the following points must be observed:

• Definition of the modifiable characteristics

• Definition of the characteristics in some cases

• Modified or expanded tolerances

• Exact definition of the setting ranges The program finds very little information pertaining to the setting ranges in the old data.

Minimum value – Actual value – Maximum value On this basis, setting range data is generated using the following algorithm:

• Minimum value = maximum value (= actual value) -> no setting range available

• Minimum value or maximum value = 0,0 (limit not defined) -> limit value = actual value

• Actual value = minimum value or maximum value -> remaining setting range is divided into 10 or 20 equal steps



• Actual value between minimum and maximum values -> the range between minimum and actual values, as well as that between the actual and maximum values are divided into several steps each

10.2.4 Protection device libraries (*.sd3) No distinction was made according to protection device types in the old protection device libraries. In the event of problems, please send the file to the service department: "[email protected]" The program handles the associations as follows when loading:

• Fuses are recognized as such with no problems.

• Depending on the original data input, circuit-breakers are interpreted either as fuses or tripping devices.

• Tripping devices and relays are distinguished on the basis of rated voltage: Un<1kV: tripping device; Un>1kV: relay

An update for the device libraries is required above all due to the changes to the data for the protective modules as components of tripping devices and relays. An efficient update is possible if the module libraries are updated initially; the device editor can apply the data from these libraries.

10.3 Procedure for updating old project files

The project data contains device data and diagram data. The diagram data does not need to be updated. The old project files can also be used directly for the interactive graphic (Section 4); the only precondition is that they have the same file names. We do, however, recommend checking and revising the project data with the independent program (Section 3). The same initially applies for the protection device data as to the protection device libraries - i.e. the following steps are performed by the program:

• The devices are associated with protection device types (see 10.2.4)

• The modules of the protection devices are translated according to the procedure described in 10.2.3 ;the following messages may be issued: - "Protection module 'blocked' corrected": the "Overcurrent" function was assigned to a blocked protective function - "Protection module 'Fuse' converted": one module of a protection device is a fuse which is converted into an i-t characteristic

Next the data of the protective modules contained in the protection device data should be updated. The SelModul program contains utilities to extract and update the protection modules. Please proceed as follows:

1. Create new module library ("File – New – Module Library" menu) 2. Open protection device file (project file) 3. Export protection modules into the empty module library ("File – Export – Module

Library" menu) The program recognizes identical protection modules on the basis of their names. If no type name is available, one will be generated. If the result is not satisfactory, start by entering the type names in the device data.

4. Edit the module library as per Section 10.2.3 (saving the library is recommended)



5. Focus the window of the protection device file (project file) and write the module data back to the device data ("File – Update – Module Library" menu)

6. Save project file 7. The protection device characteristics appear in the selectivity diagrams with the same

color and pattern. Individual colors and patterns must be assigned to the protection devices to improve the overview (see 8.3.1).

8. Save project file



11 Documentation, print output

11.1 General

The documentation of protection device data, selectivity diagrams, etc. is currently only possible using the separate SelModul application. The standard options "Printer Setup..." and "Page Setup..." are available in the file menu. Margins and a font for the tables can be specified in the "Page Setup" dialog. The font for the diagram axes is linked to the setting for the screen display of the diagrams (see 5.2). The print command from the File menu or tool bar generates the documentation for those elements selected in the element list. If nothing has been selected, all elements will be printed. The results can be checked with the page view.



11.2 Library data

All library elements can be documented. The documentation on one page contains the data in tables and in some cases in diagrams. The documentation of the library elements will only contain the table header with user information and text lines if a project file is open at the same time.

11.3 Protection device setting tables and selectivity diagrams

The proven design of the project data documentation has not been changed significantly. The list of current values in the selectivity drawings has been dropped. Instead, the text is output directly in the diagram. The position of the text must be determined when editing the diagrams (see 9.2.3).

Date post:	30-Dec-2015
Category:	Documents
Upload:	alex
View:	225 times
Download:	31 times

Neplan Selectivity Analysis v42

Documents