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Who, What, When, Where, Why• WHO: RC, TOP, BA
• WHAT: – R1: Systematic Approach to Training– R2: Verify operator capabilities– R3: EOPs training (change to 12-month, not calendar)– R3.1 Simulation Technology
• WHEN: – R1 – 1st day of calendar quarter 24 months after final approval.– R2 – 1st day of calendar quarter 24 months after final approval– R3 – 1st day of calendar quarter past final approval– R3.1 – 1st day of calendar quarter 36 months after final approval
• WHERE: US & Canada
• WHY: create operators capable of independent operation of BES
NERC PER-005-1A. Introduction
1. Title: System Personnel Training
2. Number: PER-005-1
3. Purpose: To ensure that System Operators performing real-time, reliability-related tasks on the North American Bulk Electric System (BES) are competent to perform those reliability related tasks. The competency of System Operators is critical to the reliability of the North American Bulk Electric System.
4. Applicability:
4.1. Functional Entities:4.1.1 Reliability Coordinator.4.1.2 Balancing Authority.4.1.3 Transmission Operator.
NERC PER-005-1
R1. Each Reliability Coordinator, Balancing Authority, and Transmission Operator
– shall use a systematic approach to training to
– establish a new (or modify) an existing training program(s)
– for the BES company-specific reliability-related tasks
– performed by its System Operators.
Analysis
Design
Development
Implementation
FormativeEvaluation
SummativeEvaluation
Systematic Approach to Training
ADDIE MODEL
Analysis
Design
Development
Implementation
Evaluation
Why instruction is needed What instruction is needed (general or macro level)
What instruction is needed (competencies & objectives)When instruction is accomplished (assessments)How instruction is accomplished (learning strategies)
What materials & media
How learning transfer is delivered (delivery)
What changes need to occur
Systematic Approach to Training
ADDIE MODEL - Outcomes
ADDIE PHASE
Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5
Analyze Analyze Job Select tasks Construct PerformanceMeasures
Analyze existing courses
Select instructional setting
Design Develop Objectives
Develop Tests
Describe entry behavior
Determine Sequence & Structure
Develop Specify Learning Activities
Specify instructional management plan
Review/ Select Training Materials
Develop Instruction
Validate Instruction
Implement Implement Instructional Mgt Plan
Conduct Instruction
Evaluate Conduct Internal Evaluation
Conduct External Evaluation
Revise System
Systematic Approach to Training
ADDIE MODEL – Instructor Activities
NERC PER-005-1
R1.1. Each Reliability Coordinator, Balancing Authority, and Transmission Operator
• shall create a list of BES company-specific reliability-related tasks
• performed by its System Operators.
NERC PER-005-1
R1.1.1. Each Reliability Coordinator, Balancing Authority, and Transmission Operator
• shall update its list of BES company-specific reliability-related tasks
• performed by its System Operators
• at least annually to identify new or modified tasks for inclusion in training
JTA: Hierarchical MethodSwitchman
Training
Train dispatchers on field switching devices
Train field crews on switching procedures
Maintain safe work environment
Investigate accidents
Write safety Procedures
Evaluate safety equipment
Describe required PPE
Inspect personal protective
equipment (PPE)
Inspect Rubber Gloves
Inspect Climbing gear
Inspect GroundsInspect testing
equipment
Explain criteria for rejecting PPE
Describe how to order PPE
Switchman Trainer job position
JTA: Process Flow Method
Approve?
Switching Order (from Outage Coordination) Review Switching
Order
Check Switching Schedule
Order placed in Bin on Dispatcher Workstation
NO
YesMark Order
as “Approved”
Schedule switching
Process
Decision
Data
Display
Manual Operation
Terminator
Document
Pre-definedProcess
Prepar-ation
Step 3.1.1 Step 3.1.2 Step 3.1.3 Step 3.1.4 Step 3.1.5
3.1.2. Shift Leader reviews Switching order for accuracy. Prioritizes based on notation from Outage Coordination Team.
JTA: Task Decomposition
Task (element)
Purpose Cue (for element)
Decision Action Displays Con-trols
Feedback
Likely Errors
Check primary circulators have stopped
Avoid pumping out water if the circuit is breached
Trip sheet
If any are still operating, stop them manually
Turn off manually after 20 seconds
Mimics at top of PanelF should be positioned horizontally
.Ammeters should indicate no current
Key Protectedknobs at right side of desk E
Mimics should change.
Ammeters should show no current
Step missed.Mimics Misread
Wrong dials read.
Ammeters not checked
Power Plant Operator Example
NERC PER-005-1
• R1.2. Each Reliability Coordinator, Balancing Authority, and Transmission Operator
– shall design and develop learning objectives
and training materials
– based on the task list created in R1.1.
• Specifies a single outcome
• Observable & Measurable
• Describes learner’s performance
• Three parts:
– measurable verb
– important condition (if any)
– criterion of acceptable performance (standard).
Learning Objective
Switchman Training
Train dispatchers on field switching devices
Train field crews on switching procedures
Maintain safe work environment
Investigate accidents
Write safety Procedures
Evaluate safety equipment
Describe required PPE
Inspect personal protective
equipment (PPE)
Inspect Rubber Gloves
Inspect Climbing gear
Inspect GroundsInspect testing
equipment
Explain criteria for rejecting PPE
Describe how to order PPE
Objectives
Sub-Tasks
Tasks
Duty
Learning Objectives
Learning Objectives - Cognitive Levels(Jim Bowles – ERCOT)
• Evaluate the SPP process for tag approval.
• Modify the SPP tag process to accommodate current hour purchases.
• Determine the status of a tag. • Analyze tag content.
• Validate (apply the rules) tag source and sink.
• Explain source/sink requirements • Distinguish tag source and sink
• Define tag source. • State the contents of a tag path
Knowledge
Comprehension
Application
Analysis
Synthesis
Evaluation
Systematic Approach – match the following:Objectives, Learning Activity, Assessment
Objective Activity AssessmentEvaluate Modify Experimentation Scorecard
Determine
Analyze Exercise Short Answer
Validate
Explain Group Fill-in-the-blank Discussion
Distinguish Multiple choice Define Hands-on True/False
State Tell
Table created by John Taylor, NERC
Example: “Coordinate a system response to a major disturbance”
Resources / References
Terminal Objective 2: Given a significant loss of generation (double generator contingency), determine actions required using Real-Time Contingency Analysis results.Enabling Objective
LearningExperience
Assessment Expected Duration
Developer Instructor
Identify and verify the generation lost indicated by a unit trip alarm on EMS.
Demonstration of verifying significant loss of generation.
Simulation of a significant generation loss on DevEMS.
DevEMS Alarm Display, Site-over Display, State Estimator, and Outage Scheduler.
30 minutes
60 minutes
Wayne
Bert
Wayne
John
Trainee verifies and identifies the unit tripped and that ICCP links are up.
Table created by John Taylor, NERC
NERC PER-005-1
• R1.3. Each Reliability Coordinator, Balancing Authority, and Transmission Operator
– shall deliver the training established in R1.2.
NERC PER-005-1
• R1.4. Each Reliability Coordinator, Balancing Authority, and Transmission Operator
– shall conduct an evaluation of the training program established in R1,
– to identify any needed changes to the training program
Program Evaluation
• not just individual course evaluations• look at qualification program• look at continuing education program • how are new needs identified • how are these needs addressed in training• how effective is training that occurs • what impact on individual performance• what impact on team performance• what measures used
NERC PER-005-1
• R2. Each Reliability Coordinator, Balancing Authority, and Transmission Operator
– shall verify each of its System Operator’s capabilities to perform each assigned task identified in R1.1.
– at least one time.
NERC PER-005-1
R2.1. Within six months of a modification of the BES company-specific reliability-related tasks
– each Reliability Coordinator, Balancing Authority, and Transmission Operator
– shall verify each of its System Operator’s capabilities to perform the new or modified tasks.
NERC PER-005-1
• R3. At least every 12 months each Reliability Coordinator, Balancing Authority, and Transmission Operator shall provide each of its System Operators
with at least 32 hours of emergency operations training applicable to its organization that reflects emergency operations topics
(which includes system restoration) using training, drills, exercises, and hands on training using simulators.
NERC PER-005-1
R3.1. Each Reliability Coordinator, Balancing Authority and Transmission Operator that has operational authority or control over Facilities with established IROLs or has established operating guides or protection systems to mitigate IROL violations
shall provide each System Operator with emergency operations training using simulation technology such as a simulator, virtual technology, or other technology that replicates the operational behavior of the BES during normal and emergency conditions.