I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 1 \ 232.2 93HA :••? Government of Bangladesh ¡ Ministry of Local Government Rural Development and Cooperatives Department of Public Health Engineering Government of the Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs Directorate General of International Cooperation NETHERLANDS - BANGLADESH DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION PROGRAMME DPHE-WATER SUPPLY, SANITATION AND DRAINAGE PROJECTS UBRAKY INTERNATIONAL REFERENCE CENTWB FOR COMMUNITY WATER SUPPLY &NB SANITA #N (IRQ Programme Office, Netherlands Assisted Water Supply, Sanitation and Drainage Projects H A №* ??••
Transcript
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Government of Bangladesh ¡Ministry of Local GovernmentRural Development and CooperativesDepartment of Public Health Engineering
Government of the NetherlandsMinistry of Foreign AffairsDirectorate General ofInternational Cooperation
NETHERLANDS - BANGLADESH DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION PROGRAMME
DPHE-WATER SUPPLY, SANITATION AND DRAINAGE PROJECTS
UBRAKYINTERNATIONAL REFERENCE CENTWBFOR COMMUNITY WATER SUPPLY &NBSANITA #N (IRQ
Programme Office, Netherlands Assisted Water Supply, Sanitation and Drainage Projects
H A-№*-??••
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FINAL DRAFTHAND TUBEWELLS CARETAKERS
TRAINING MANUAL(for No. 6 and
Tara pump)edition 16/6/93
AND . .rvCj
r.O. о • •••. . . io09 AD The Hague
Tel. (Ü7Ü.Í в! 4y i I ext. 14(Д42
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PREFACE
In the Dutch assisted 18 district towns project hand pumps havebeen included as a main water source for the fringe areas of thetowns.As per project guide line one hand tubewell was usuallyprovided to a beneficiary group of ten.Each beneficiary group hadselected a female caretaker who are being trained in operation andmaintenance of hand tubewell.This draft Tubewell Caretaker TrainingManual Outline the programme and gives support to the SDE,18DTP,PWSS Superintendent,SAE for conducting these training sessions.
During the next training sessions three WSSC members (female) whowere the first group to be trained will act as additional trainers& intermediate between the caretakers and the (male) DPHE andPourashava trainers.
This training focuses on the practical handling & repair on handpumps only. A one day training course does not allow to pay fullattention to more subjects. However, hygiene education,sanitationand women in development activities will be focused on the tubewellcaretakers as well. Additional training courses will be organisedto implement these activities. If necessary a refresher course onpractical repair & maintenance can be part of it.
The training will take place in the local DPHE or PWSS compound.Hand pumps & tools for training will be used from the local DPHEstore. The training manuals, handouts, certificates and blackboardwill be provided by the Programme office. Seats and shelter will bearranged by the local SDE or PWSS Superintendent. The caretakers,additional trainers (WSSC members) and tubewell mechanics willreceive a training allowance. The funds for training andrefreshments will be managed by the SDE or Superintendent and willbe refunded by the Programme Office.
4. Objective of the sessions, training technique, trainingaids and time 5
5. Required training aids 5
6. Methods of training ,
7. Trainer-Roles ,
8. Participant-Roles ,
9. How to communicate with participants
10. Checklist
11. Budget . .
12. Schedule
CHAPTER: 2 Subject matters
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SI
S2
S3
S4
S5
S6
S7
S8
S9
Community wells programme 18
Safe water & Hygeine education 21
Duties & responsibilities of tubewell caretakers 27
Function of tubewell components 31
Function of pump components & tools; assembling a pump . . 33
Practical opening, greasing & assembling a pump 37
Minor & major failures; repairs . . . . . , . . . . . . . 39
Practical repair of pumps 42
Individual test . , . . . , . . . . . . . . 44
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ONE DAY TRAINING COURSE FOR TUBEWELL CARETAKERS
- Training Manual -
l. Introduction
The purpose of this manual is to assist thetrainer of hand tubewell caretakers inconducting his training.
In the past, caretakers trainings wereconducted by DPHE staff and consultantsfrom *:he 18DTP Programme Office in Dhaka.However, in future these persons will notbe available anymore. Therefore, localresource persons like WaterworksSuperintendent, Tubewell mechanic, SAE andSDE will conduct the Caretakers training.
This manual is intended to assist them incarrying out this task. It provides someideas, practical suggestions andinformation related to the trainers' roleand responsibilities in the session.
The manual is prepared for a one daycaretakers' training. After this one daytraining, the participant will be able to:
carry out day to day maintenance ofthe hand tubewellidentify the problem of a defect pump
- repair the pumpunderstand the relation between safevater and health
- practice simple hygienic habits toimprove their health.
This manual provides guidelines forconducting caretakers1
training and can be used by PWSS staff likeWater Works Superintendent and TubewellMechanic, SDE and SAE. The manual has beenprepared by the Programme Office of theDutch Assisted 18 District Towns Projectfor Water Supply and Sanitation, DPHE.
It is hoped that the trainer will beencouraged to adopt new ideas and methodsof training and that he will use thetechniques offered to suit his/ herspecific responsibilities in the trainingsession.
Purpose of thismanual:
to assist localresource personsin conductingcaretakers1
As you see, the first part of this manualis printed on white paper and the secondpart on coloured paper.
The WHITE pages, at the beginning of themanual, contain general information aboutthe caretakers training, like:introduction, time schedule, informationabout training methods and trainingmaterials, trainers role andresponsibilities, suggestions on how to usethis manual, a checklist and a budget forthe organization of the training.
The COLOURED paper contains all theinformation about the contents of thetraining itself. You will see that this oneday caretakers training is divided into 9TRAINING SESSIONS. They have been numberedfrom Si to S9 - you will find these codesin the time schedule and on the greensheets , Each session is described on greenand yellow paper:
The GREEN coloured pages contain the serialnumber of the session (Si to S9) and asummary of each of these nine trainingsession, like: the objective of thatparticular session, the time required forthe session and the training aids you willneed in that session. The code mentioned onthe GREEN sheets is CTM, which stands for:CARETAKERS TRAINING MANUAL.
Following each green sheet, you will findsome Y2LLOW pages for each sessions. Theycontain more detailed information about thesession, the SESSION NOTES. For session S5,2 separate parts are included, S5-A & S5-B,for No. 6 and Tara pump respectively.
3. How to use this manual
How can this manual assist you inconducting the caretakers training?
First, you have to READ it, to becomefamiliar with the contents.
This manualcontains whitepaper andcoloured paper:
white pagescontain generalinformation forthe trainer,
coloured pagescontain theinformation aboutthe nine trainingsessions.
green pages:summary
yellow pages:session notes.
Read this manual.
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You should carefully STUDY the sessionguidelines, so that you know what you willsay, why you say it, how you say it, andwhich training aids you will use and when.
manual will also help you to getpréparée, for the training, both mentallyand physically. It is needless to mentionthat success of the training depends to alarge degree on the preparation of trainer.The required training aids are mentioned inthe session notes. The trainer should knowwell hov to use the manual, topic,objective, time, material, method andtechnique of training before conducting thesessions. If necessary he will rehearse thesession to get fully prepared. Beforestarting the training, make sure that youhave all the training aids readily at hand.
Lastly, if necessary, you can discussthe contents of the training with the otherresource persons before giving thetraining.
This manual can be used as a recipe book.If you have just started to learn how tocook, you will probably follow all theinstruct.ions in the recipe book carefully.As you £,ee that the results of your effortsare gooci and as you feel more confident inhandling the "ingredients", you can startintroducing little changes according towhat yoL. think is necessary for theimprovement of the final result.
Likewise, this training manual gives someguidelines as to how to conduct theCaretakers training. As you gain experiencein giving these trainings, you will seethat you will feel comfortable to makelittle changes that you know will improvethe result. Do not treat the manual as afixed set of instructions. You are free toadopt new ideas and methods to suit thespecific requirements of each trainingsessions.
Study it.
Get prepared forthe training.
If necessary,discuss thismanual withothers.
This manual canbe used as arecipe book:
it givesguidelines, notfixedinstructions.
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4. Objective of the sessions, trainingtechnique, training aids and time
Each session is developed to achieve aspecific OBJECTIVE. To achieve eachspecific objective, the trainer should usethe most suitable TECHNIQUE - thesetechniques will be described later in thismanual. In the individual session notes,the appropriate technique for that specificsession has been mentiones. During thetraining, the trainer makes use of theseveral TRAINING AIDS - they are alsomentioned in the green and yellow pages.The required TIME as mentioned in themanual for each lesson is approximate.Compromise with the time may be necessary.
5. Required training aids
TRAINING AIDS help the trainers to trainand the participants to be trained. Theyreinforce the messages that the trainer istrying to deliver.
The use of appropriate media and materialsis an essential element of communication.Interpersonal communication is not onlydependant on lecture or VERBALCOMMUNICATION. A good communicator alsouses (AUDIO-)VISUAL EDUCATIONAL MATERIALSsuch as slides, tape, flip chart, video,booklet etc. to support the verbal messageand thus to improve the communication.Especially among semi-literate andilliterate people it is important topresent information through illustration(visual material).
The training aids in the caretakerstraining are: tubewell, different parts oftubewell, booklet, flip chart, board,chalk, flip paper, marker etc. These shouldbe kept available. The use of appropriatematerial should be ensured in the righttime and proper place.
Of the above-mentioned training aids, wewill hare discuss the caretakers' booklet
Elements of eachsession:
objectivetrainingtechnique
trainingaidstime frame-
Why trainingaids?:
"Media-mix" foreffectivecommunication:
verbalcommunication
with
audio-visualsupport.
Special attention
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and the hygiene education flip chart andtheir use, in detail:
5.1 Booklet:
Some activities have been mentioned inbooklet for the caretakers and explainedthrough pictures. The trainer should usethe booklet to make the caretakers familiarwith their responsibility and tubewellparts. Before the training, the trainershould have a clear conception aboutbooklet, so that he feels confident in thesession.
Strategy:
Show the booklet at the right time.Show booklet in such a way thateveryone is able to look at itc early.Si and directly facing the respondentand ask question.Show each page/ illustration of thebook to the participant. If she / hehas any problems understanding anyinformation, explain it while showingths picture.To explain a particular fact, pointtowards the pictureAsk the participants repeatedly ifthey can see the pictures and if theyunderstand the information given; askspecific questions to verify(FEEDBACK).
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5.2 Flip chartAs discussed under caption 5.1
6. Method of training:
The treiner should choose the most suitablemethod of training, so that participantscan eai.ily achieve the session's objective.The twining methods used in this one daycaretakers training are described here:
6.1 Lecture
Lectures are used to deliver information tothe trainees. Lectures are often used in
is given to thecaretakersbooklet and theflip chart forhygiene education,
Caretakersbooklet.
How to usethe bookletin thetraining.
Flip chart.
Training methods:
training methodsare chosenaccording to theobjective of eachsession.
lecture:
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such a way that it only establishes a one-way communication: it depicts the trainer'sopinion only and no feedback is receivedfrom the participants. Possiblemisunderstandings cannot be clarified,because the trainer is not aware of them.Therefore, trainers should not deliverlectures for too long. Also, they shoulduse additional techniques like "Question &Answer", which ensures the participation ofthe trainees. Their participation turns aone-way lecture into a two-way dialogue.
strategy:
Don't lecture for too long. After 4/5minutes ask a question, writesomething on the black board or showsDmething;
Give examples during yourpresentation, to illustrate / explainwhat you are saying. They should beconcrete and relevant to the situationof the participants;
Lecture should be given while movingaround (not too much). One must notsit or stand still in one place duringlecture;
Participants must be allowed toexpress their reactions. The trainersiould be open to these expressionsaid take the trainees seriously.
6.2 Question & Answer method:
This technique facilitates a two-waycommunication and encourages discussion.The motït effective way to use thistechnique is to allow the participants toask questions at any time during thelecture or demonstration. If the trainerhimself does not feel comfortable withinterruptions like that, participants maybe told that there will be time at the endof trainer's lecture or demonstration forquestions. No matter what instructions thetrainer gives the audience, the trainersmust be prepared to answer questions thatinterrupt the lecture/ demonstration in agracious manner.
lecture:
one-waycommunication,no feedback
question &answer:
two-waycommunication anddiscussion.
Either thetrainees askquestions and thetrainer answers,
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If the participants feel shy in posingquestions, the trainer himself may initiatethe discussion by starting to askquestions. This should be done in such away thet the participants do not feel it tobe examination - it is meant to establish atwo-wa^ communication and to encouragediscussion.
A trainer should always REPEAT his questionor the question that has been asked by oneof the participants, so that everyone canhear it. The trainer should be sincere andtactful when answering participants'questions. He should not dictate theparticipant, but rather make a suggestion.Participants may sometimes ask questionsthat seem silly to the trainer, but heshould always answer them willingly. Thetrainer should discourage the group fromlaughing at or embarrassing anyone who asksa question. Even if a question seemsunsuitable, it is not proper to make thequestioner feel uncomfortable.
Strategy:
The trainer should not ask a questionpointing to a specific participant,which can embarrass that person -re.ther, a question should be open toa31.
Give praise for a good answer, but donet ridicule a wrong answer.
Encourage participants to find theright answer.
6.3 Demonstration
To clarify what has been explained intheory, participants should be shown how todo things in practice. The trainer shoulddemonstrate his information by doing ithimself. Speak loudly and clearly. Be surethat all participants can hear you. Usewords that the participants willunderstand. When demonstrating something,care must be taken that all participantsare able to actually see what you aredoing.
or
the trainer asksquestions for thetrainees toanswer.
Repeat eachquestion.
Be tactful.
Give praise.
Encouragetrainees.
- Demonstration:
to clarifytheory.
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6.4 Practical Exercise ("LEARNING BYDOING")
After giving them the theoreticalinformation and after giving ademonstration, participants should be giventhe opportunity to practice themselves.They should be allowed to practice with thereal model, that is: change parts of a realtubewell, repair a defect tubewell andcarry out some maintenance activities. Thetrainer will observe the work thoroughlyand will help the participants if they aremistaken. The trainer will assist them inlearning perfectly and tell them to do thesame work again until they develop theirskill satisfactorily.
6.5 Group work
Group work will give the trainees theopportunity to practice themselves what hasbeen explained and demonstrated to them.Additionally, in a group trainees can learnfrom each other. The trainer will firstexplain the subject to them and will thenform groups with 4 participants each. Atthe time of group work, the trainer willobserve if they finish their work on thesubject within fixed time.
Strategy:
The task of the group, the role of theparticipants, the discussion processand the time limits of the group workmust be clearly explained;
Groups must be formed on the basis ofparticipants' level of education,background, characteristics, etc;
During group work trainer shouldassist and direct the course of work,so that it is on the right track;
Ensure equal participation of all
Practicalexercise:
to practicetheory.
Group work:
to learn fromeach other.
How to use thepracticalexercise as atraining method.
group members and equal importance tothe opinion of all participants.
6.6 Training Evaluation
To ascertain whether the objective of thesession has been achieved or not, anevaluation of the training should becarried out. Such an evaluation helps todetect any misunderstanding or gap in theknowledge of the trainee. The trainer canthen repeat the missing part of the sessionand achieve the objective of the session.
An evaluation can be carried out by meansof a questionnaire. A questionnaire is aseries of written questions on a giventopic. These questions are either open-ended or close-ended. Open-ended questionshave not categorized the answer intospecific scales. Close-ended questionsprovide a series of possible answers (forexample: "good", "satisfactory", "poor"),from which the participants have to choosetheir answer ("multiple-choice"). Incaretakers training both open-ended andclose- ended questions will be used.
Another way of evaluation is byobservation. Observation techniques areuseful methods of collecting informationunobtrusively in a natural setting.Information about individual performanceand group interactions can be collected byobservation. A person observes and notesinformation needed. For example:
if participants are able to workaccording to instruction or not;
- if participants are able to performtheir task within the given timeframe;if everybody participates in the groupassignment;if participants can adequatelydescribe keypoints;if trainees participate in "Question &Answer".
Trainingevaluation:
to assess whetherthe objectiveshave beenachieved.
- questionnaire
- observation
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7. Trainer roles
In participatory training methodology, themain objectives for the trainer are two-fold:
• to stimulate the trainees' interest inthe topic
• to create optimal conditions forlearning.
In order to achieve these two objectives,the trainer has to fulfil various tasks,namely, before training, during training,and after training.
A. Before the training
1. Training designer• Working out related
contents/ methods/materials/ exercises
• Identifying resource persons• Preparing and selecting
learning materials
2. Administrator / organizer
• Selecting venue and time• Communicating with the
trainees regarding theprogramme plans
• Distributing trainingmaterials
• Arranging resources likeclassroom arrangement, food,refreshments, lodging etc.
The mostimportant tasksfor a trainerare:- to stimulatethe trainees,
- to create astimulatingenvironment.
Other tasks:
before thetraining
during thetraining
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Instructor
• Providing information andconcepts
• Directing structuredlearning discussion
• Using learning aids,booklet, flip chart
Counsellor
• Developing a rapport withtrainees
• Communicating on a one to-one-basis
Evaluator
• Planning evaluationmechanisms
• Using practical as well asverbal reports to assess anevent
• Providing relevant feed back
Organizer/ Administrator/ Manager
• Managing time and space foreach session
• Solving problems related toaccommodation, food, etc.
After the Training
1. Report writer (if applicable)
• Organizing the relevantinformation for the report-writing
2. Follow-up
• Communicating at regularintervals
• Inviting feedback from bothorganizations andindividuals
• Providing support in the
after thetraining.
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field
Participants' roles
For a successful participatorytraining, trainers should create suchan environment that the trainees willfeel free and confident to:
* take part according toinstruction
* work as a group* take part in "Question & Answer"* freely communicate with each
other and with the trainers* share with each other
How to communicate with participants...-some basic rules
greet and welcome theparticipantsintroduce yourselfexplain the subjects clearly,using easy languagespeak slowly and determinedlyencourage them to ask questionswhenever they wantlisten and answer patientlypraise for the correct answer andavoid criticismpay importance to their opinion.
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Participants•roles.
Some basic rulesfor communicatingwith yourtrainees.
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CHECKLIST FOR CARETAKERS TRAINING
1• Invitation:
- Check if the Chairman is coming- Invite the caretakers to participate in the training
2. Site Preparation:
For the No. 6 pump- Prepare a shed or room with 35 chairs and a table- install the blackboard- install 20 hand pumps in the compound :
make a 5 feet deep hole with an old filter or 1% pipe(it goes easy if you add some water)put the 5 feet long GI pipe of the pump in the hole fixthe cross bar in the groundscrew a new (not yet greased) pump on top of the pipe
- during lunch make defects in 5 tubewells with one of the commondefects of mistakes
For the Tara pump- Prepare a shed or room with 35 chairs and a table- install the blackboard- install one complete Tara pump with all necessary
components- arrange temporary installation (demonstration) of 10/12_Tara Hand tubewell with all necessary components (15"-20")
- during lunch make defects in 5 tubewells with one of the commondefects or mistakes
3. Refreshments:
- arrange morning tea Í- order for lunch packet at a shop- сrrange afternoon tea
- 25 booklets and handouts for the caretakers and the WSSC members
- list with names of caretakers
5. Tubewell parts:.
No. 6 pump Tara pump
- sand trap - sand trap <
- filter/screen - filter/screen- 1 PVC pipe - PVC pipe- 1 GI pipe with cross bar - drawing of platforms- drawing of platforms 1
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6. Pump parts and tools:
For the No. 6 pump
- 20 hand pumps for display in room- 20 seat valves- 20 seat valve weights- 20 GI screws and nuts- worn-out pump parts- damaged or broken pump parts- 20 pipe wrenches- 20 slide wrenches (12")- 20 screw drivers
For the Tara pump
- two No 6/Tara hand tubewell for display in room- wron out pump parts- damaged or broken pump parts- 20 slide ranches (12")- 2 0 retrieving rods for removing the foot valve
- Training- Construction- Technical back up- Overall responsibility
Role of Fourashava:
- Site selection recommendation throughWSSC & Supervisory Board
- Major maintenance by pourashava mechanic
Role of Caretakers:
Ask: " Have you any idea about the roleof caretaker ? "
Participants will respond.Summarise the responses & tell,Caretakers are :
- approach point of group for
tube well affairs
- responsible for minor repairs of tubewell
- approach point for hygiene education &sanitation.
As*:" Why you will perform this job ?"Participants will respond according tothc.t make a lise.
Lecture
Question &Answer
Question &AnswerBlack board
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TRAINING : Training courçe for tubewellcaretakers
MODULE : Community wells programme
SECTION : Session Notes
Code : CTM/ SI
Edition : 16-6-93
Page : 3 of 3
TEXT /CONTENT METHOD & MATERIAL
After summarisation stress on followingpoints :
- You have been chosen by group- You are. the representative of group/community
Tell,
Beneficiary contribution Tk.300/ per groupmeans each family will contribute 30/ tobe paid via the bank to the PWSS accountant(joint account), before construction.
Ask:
Why a group will give TK.300/ ?
Tell: Price is less then cost which is
- Buying-subsidised
- To create belongingness
- Responsibility
Tools for caretaker:
- To be received at completion of T/Wcaretakers training
- Will be her responsibility-
Evaluation:
- Ask who are the responsible formaintenance of tube well ?
- What is the role of caretaker ?- Where will caretakers go for major main-tenance T/W ?
- How much will a group contribute for T/W?
Question & Answer
Question & Answer
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DPHE-PROGRAMME OFFICE18 DISTRICT TOWNS WATER SUPPLY,SANITATION AND DRAINAGE PROJECT
Training : Training course for tubewellcaretakers
Module : Safe water and hygiene education
Section 1 : Information Sheet
Code :CTM/S2
Edition: 16-6-93
Page : 01 Of 06
Subject
Duration
TrainingObjectives
Training aids
Keywords
Description
30 minutes.
After the session trainees will be able to:
- list the five water needs;- identify the relation between unsafe waterand water-borne diseases;
- recite the three aspects of water quality- defination of sanitary latrine- advantage of sanitary latrine- hygienic habits
* Flipchart/booklet
Water need, water quality, water-bornediseases,health.
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Training : Training course for tubewellcaretakers
Module : Safe water and hygiene education
Section 2 : Session Notes
Text/Content
1. Introduction
- Importance of safe water supply.- There is much water in Bangladesh , butstill a lack of safe water.
- To use safe water, sanitary latrine andto follow hygienic habits are the mainways of maintaining healthy life.
2. Watar Needs
- Ask : What are the water needs?People need water for:. drinking. cooking. bathing. washing :. religious use ,
- Water can contain:. living organisms (bacteria & viruses);. non living elements (mineral & salts).
- Water must be acceptable to consumers:. it must be clear;. it must 'taste well;. it must not smell;. it must have the right temperature.
- Water of good quality is:. free from diseases-causing elements;. acceptable to consumers;. do;>s not adversely affect the distribu-tion network.
Code :CTM/S2
Edition: 16-6-93
Page : 02 of 06
Method/Material
Question & Answer
Training : Training course for tubewellcaretakers
Module : Safe water & hygiene education
Section 2 : Session Notes
Text/Content
3. Sanitary latrine:
- excreta will remain covered- does not spread germs & disease- oddour less- flies or insects can't reach the dirtAdvantage:
- It keeps health well
4. Hygienic habits:
- Reduction of waterborne diseases.- Examples of bad consumers1 habits:
. unhygienic kitchen practices;
. inadequate storage;
. unhygienic personal practices.
- Consumers' health depends on the quality& quantity of water they consume.
- Good, hygienic habits. drink safe water;. wash hands using soap or ash;. use safe water for all sorts of household work.
. to use sanitary latrine
5. Summary
- Water needs.
- Water can contain:. living organisms; ' -. nonliving elements
- Aspects of water quality:. it must be safe;. it must be acceptable for consumers;
- Sanitary latrine
- Hygienic habits
Code :CTM/S2
Edition: 16-6-93
Page : 03 of 06
Method/Material
Question andAnswer
Flip chart
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Training : Training course for tubewellcaretakers
Module : Safe water & hygiene education
Section 3 : Handout
Code CTM /S2
Edition: 16-6-93
Page : 05 of 06
1. INTRODUCTION
There are many rivers,ponds, ditches & marshy land inBançaladesh & rainfall in abundant and regular throughoutthe year.It seems as if there is no problem in the field ofwater supply.But in fact, up to now the majority of thepeople in Bangladesh can not be supplied with the safewater they need.To use safe water, sanitary latrine and to follow hygienichabits are the main ways of maintaining healthy life.
2. WHAT ARE THE WAT' R NEEDS OF PEOPLE ?
People Need water for many purposes, for example:- drinking;- cooking;- bathing;- cleaning;- washing;- religious use. , .
People need water that is free from disease-causingelements.Water can contain living organisms, such asbecteria and virusses,as well as non-living elements ,suchas minerals and salts. Several of these can cause diseases,or have adverse physiological effects.Diseases caused bycontageous organisms transmitted by the water are calledwaterborne diseases.Exanples are:- cholera;- dysentry;- d:.arrhoea ;- worm- typhoid.
Sometimes water may be free from diseases-causing elementsand yet consumers still do not like to consume the water.For example: it may have a dirty colour , or a bad taste,maybe it smells, has an elaveted temparature.
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Training : Training course for tubewellcaretakers
Module : Safe water & hygiene education
Section 3 : Handout
Code : CTM /S2
Edition: 16-6-93
Page : 06 Of 06
The water people consume should not only be free fromdiseases-causing elements. It should also be acceptable toconsumer,i.e. the water must be clear, must taste well,mustnot smell, and must have the right temperature.
Sometimes the water is free from diseases-causing elementsand it is also accepted by the consumer ,but still itsquality is not yet satisfactory.The quality of good water isclean,tasty & smellless.But the tubewell water have aunufiuall smell & it is tasteless (for the presence of iron).But we have to use tubewell water as it is safe.(This is the difference between safe water & good water.)
Good quality water is:- free from diseases-causing elements;- acceptable to consumers (colour,smell,taste,temperature);- not adversely affecting the distribution network.
3. Sanitary Latrine
Sanitary latrine means by which- surface land will not be polluted- surface water will not be polluted- ground water will not be polluted- flies or insects can't reach the dirt- the bad smell does not spread- excreta is not visible- it does not need to remove every day
How to use sanitary latrine:
- there will be sufficient water out side the latine- the latrine should be cleaned with sufficient water afteruse
- hand should be washed by soap or ash with sufficient watei- latrine should cleaned by broom every day
Advantage:
- it: keeps personal privacy- it keeps health well
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Training : Training course for tubewellcaretakers
Module : Safe water & hygiene education
Section 3 : Handout
Code : CTM /S2
Edition: 16-6-93
Page : 06 Of 06
4. HYGIENE/HYGIENIC HABITS
When safe water is supplied ,the occurance of waterbornediseases is considerably reduced. However it should beremembered that the delivery of safe water to the housesdoes not guarantee the consumption of safe water.Badhabits of consumers can cause that safe water delivered tothe houses is contaminated again. Examples of such badhabits are: unhygienic kitchen practices, inadequatestorage,unhygienic personal practices.Consumers' healthdepends on the quality & quantity of the water they consume
Tubewell water is safe;- it is ground water- clean- water related disease free- contains mineral & salt
Show the Flip chart & explain:
- tubewell platform must be clean- pitcher mut be washed before collecting water- collected water should be kept on dry & high place- glasses should be washed before drinking- tubewell water should used in hand washing afterdefecation
These rules should be followed to became healthy & happyfamily.
5. SUMMARY
People need water for:- 'irinking;- cooking;- bathing;- cleaning;- religious use.
Water can contain living organisms, such as becteria andvirusses, and non living elements, such as minerals andsalts. Several of these can diseases. Water of good qualityis free from such elements.
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DPHE- PROGRAMME OFFICE18 DISTRICT TOWNS WATER SUPPLY,SANITATION AND DRAINAGE PROJECT
IIIIIIIIIIIII
TRAINING : Training course for tubewellcaretakers
MODULE : Duties and responsibilitiesof tubewell caretakers
SECTION 1 : Information sheet
Code : CTM/S3
Edition : 16-6-93
Page : 1 of 4
SUBJECT DESCRIPTION
Duration
TrainingObjectives
Trainina aids
Key words
30 Minutes
After the training the caretakers will beable to know their duties and responsibilities and will be able to explain toothers:
- what is a good site for a tubewell- the proper use of a tubewell- the maintenance of a hand pump- the greasing of nuts and bolts- the use of cleaning the platformand drain
-' the use of hygiene education- the repair of minor defects- when to call the tubewell mechanic
* Name of the kits for the pump and how touse them :» Piston flap valve> Leather cup seal/Bucket• Washer ,0 ring• Foot valve flap valve» wing check nut
* Remove handle and lift the pump rod tocheck the piston assembly & replace thedefective parts (if any)
* Lowering the pump rod with retrieving rodto collect foot valve
Kits of tubewell
Practical exercise
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TRAINING : Training course for tubewellcaretakers
MODULE Function of pump componentsand tools assembling a pump
SECTION 2 : Session Notes
Code : CTM/S5
Edition' : 16-6-93
Page 4 of 4
TEXT /CONTENT METHOD & MATERIAL
* Lift the foot valve (keep the rod asverticle as possible, by taking help oftree or bamboo)
* Replace the defective parts (if any) andlowering the foot valve
Ask: Two caretakers to dismantle the pump
Evaluation:
- Ask: The name of different components oftubewell
- Ask:The name of tools/ kits for hand pump
- What is the function of differentcomponents & tools/kits of tubewell ?
Observation
Question & Answer
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к
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DPHE- PROGRAMME OFFICE18 DTP TOWNS WATER SUPPLY,
SANITATION AND DRAINAGE PROJECT
TRAINING : Training course for tubewellcaretakers
MODULE : Practical opening, andassembling a pump bycaretakers individually
SECTION 1 : Information sheet
Code : CTM/S6
Edition : 16-6-93
Page : 1 of 2
SUBJECT DESCRIPTION
Duration
TrainingObjectives
Trainincr aids
Key words
75 Minutes
After the session is over the caretakerswill be able to :
- use pipe wrench, slide wrench andscrew driver
- open the pump with the tools- replace spare parts- grease bolts, nuts and MS bars- assemble the pump
* hand pumps* seat valves,weights,о ring,bucket,pistonflap valve,foot valve flap valve
* tools/kits* grease* black board, chalk and duster
practice, using tools/kits, opening,assembling
37
TRAINING : Training course for tubewellcaretakers
MODULE : Practical opening, andassembling a pump bycaretakers individually
SECTION 2 : Session Notes
Code : CTM/S6
Edition : 16-6-93
Page : 2 of 2
TEXT /CONTENT METHOD & MATERIAL
Practical exercise on opening, greasingand assembling a pump
• ' • • • •
Evaluation :
Observing some participant's practicalexercise.Help/Correct, if necessary !
Observation
Observation
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DPHE- PROGRAMME OFFICE *18 DISTRICT TOWNS WATER SUPPLY,SANITATION AND DRAINAGE PROJECT
TRAINING : Training course for tubewellcaretakers
MODULE : Minor and major failures andrepairs
SECTION 1 : Information sheet
Code : CTM/S7
Edition : 16-6-93
Page : 1 of 3
SUBJECT DESCRIPTION
Duration
TrainingObjectives
Training aids
Kev words
30 Minutes •• .
After the session is over the caretakerswill be able to:
- identify the repairs needed for a pump-'identify worn-out or damaged spareparts which require repair
- identify the tools/kits requried- know which repair is a minor one (to bedone and paid themselves) and whichrepair is a major one (to be done andpaid by the pourashava mechanic).
* hand pump in parts .* tools/kits* damaged spare parts* worn-out parts* black board, chalk and duster
Worn-out, damaged, minor repair, majorrepair, payment
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IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
TRAINING : Training course for tube wellcaretakers
MODULE : Minor and major failures andrepairs
SECTION 2 : Session Notes
Code : CTM/S7
Edition : 16-6-93
Page : 2 of 3
TEXT /CONTENT METHOD & MATERIAL
* MINOR REPAIRS:
to be done by caretakers themselves Spareparts to be paid by the beneficiary group(for the No. 6 pump)- seat valve (leather) Tk= 7/- set valve weight Tk= 4/- GI screw and nut Tk= 3/- upper plunger part withholes Tk=20/
- bucket (plastic/rubber) Tk=10/- plunger plate (without holes) Tk=15/- plunger washer and nut Tk=3/- 8 bolts, washer and nuts Tk^e/set- 2 MS bars * Tk=5/bar- 4 cotter pins Tk=5 each(for the Tara pump)- foot valve body Tk=15/- 0 ring TK=4/- flap valve TK=4/- foot valve guide TK=35/- hook/grappel TK=3 0/- washer ТК=4/- follower plate ' TK=10/- bucket (cup sil) TK=16/- piston plate TK=10/- piston valve . TK=4/- wing check nut TK=5/- rubber sil TK=5/- 3 nuts TK=9/- bush guide TK=35/- handle retainer TK=30/- 2 handle cup TK=10/- handle TK=250/
Lecture
*
40
IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
TRAINING : Training course for tube wellcaretakers
MODULE : Minor and major failures andrepairs
SECTION 2 : Session Notes
Code : CTM/S7
Edition : 16-6-93
Page : 3 of 3
TEXT /CONTENT METHOD & MATERIAL
* MAJOR REPAIRS:
to be done by pourashava tubewellmechanic spare parts to be paid fromJoint account PWSSNo. 6 Tara
- pump base - piston rod- barrel - raising pipe- piston rod - non-functionable piston- pump head assembly- handle
Ask:- Which are minor repairs,which are major?- Who are responsible for minor
repairing ?- How they will manage/purchase the parts
of tubewell for repairing ?- What to be done for major repairing ?
Question &Answer
4!
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I
DPHE- PROGRAMME OFFICE18 DISTRICT TOWNS WATER SUPPLY,SANITATION AND DRAINAGE PROJECT
TRAINING : Training course for tubewellcaretakers
MODULE Practical repair of pumps bycaretakers in groups of 4
SECTION 1 : Information sheet
Code CTM/S8
Edition 16-6-93
Page 1 of 2
SUBJECT DESCRIPTION
Duration
111111
11
TrainingObjectives
Training aids
Key words
60 Minutes
After the session is over the caretakerswill be able to identify and repair themost common defects and mistakes:(for the pump of no.6) '
- a loose GI screw and nut- a worn-out seat valve- loose nuts at the base (leaking seatvalve)
- bucket up side down ,- plunger plate (without holes) upsidedown
- upper plunger plate and down plungerplate changed(for the pump of Tara)
- piston plate,follower plate,bucket,flapvalve,foot valve & check nut up side down
- foot valve & flap valve changed- a worn-out flap valve,foot valve & о ring
* hand pumps* seat valves and weights* tools/kits* black board, chalk and duster
Practice, repairs, defects, using tools/kits, opening, assembling
42
IIIII1IIIIIIII
TRAINING : Training course for tubewellcaretakers
MODULE : Practical repair of pumps bycaretakers in groups of 4
SECTION 2 : Session Notes
Code : CTM/S8
Edition : 16-6-93
Page : 2 of 2
TEXT /CONTENT METHOD & MATERIAL
Four groups will be formed, each groupconsists of 4/5 members.
Each group will practically repair onepump.
Evaluation: •
Ask what are the default of tubewell &how to repair it ? Do practically.
Observation
Question & Answer&
Practical
I1III
A
*
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DPHE- PROGRAMME OFFICE18 DTP TOWNS WATER SUPPLY,
SANITATION AND DRAINAGE PROJECT
TRAINING : Training course for tubewellcaretakers
MODULE : Individual test
SECTION 1 : Information sheet
Code : CTM/S9
Edition : 16-6-93
Page : 1 of 2
SUBJECT DESCRIPTION
Duration
TrainingObiectives
\ • • •
Traininq aids
Key words
60 Minutes
After the test is finished it will, beknown which caretakers
- know their duties and responsibilities- are able to identify pump parts by name- are able to identify worn-out ordamaged pump parts
- are able to identify and repair minorfailures themselves.
successful caretakers will receive acertificate.
* pump parts* tool/kits .* worn-out or damaged pump parts* hand pumps* black board, chalk and duster* certificates
Test, spare parts, repairs, certificate
44
TRAINING : Training course for tubewellcaretakers
MODULE : Individual test
SECTION 2 : Session Notes
TEXT /CONTENT
Code : CTM/S9
Edition : 16-6-93
Page : 2 of 2
METHOD & MATERIAL
The caretakers will visit 3 places indivi-dually. At each place a trainer will askthem questions.The results will be publis-hed when the certificates will be given.
1) Questions about duties and responsibili-ties of caretakers (session no S3).
2) Questions about:
Names of pump partsHow to assemble the parts (session no S5)
3) Questions about
why some shown parts are worn- out ordamaged what is worn with a (by purpose)defect pump(session no S7).
