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© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
Network EquipmentCompliance and Installation Challenges
Robert E. FullerLead Member of Technical StaffAT&T Labs
October 2014
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
2
• Lead Free Solder/RoHS 6/6 Compliance
• Thermal Management, Airflow Requirements, Impacts, and Solutions
• Cable Management
• Power Distribution
• Equipment Size and Weight
Topics
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
3
Lead Free Solder/RoHS 6/6 Compliance Challenges• Industry concerns about solder joint reliability in lead
free products remain
• EU Exemption expires July 2016
• Vendors need to provide clear understanding of • what products are currently compliant, what will be
discontinued, and what will be re-designed to be compliant
• The impacts on sparing and maintenance procedures
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
4
• Lead Free Solder/RoHS 6/6 Compliance
• Thermal Management, Airflow Requirements, Impacts, and Solutions
• Cable Management
• Power Distribution
• Equipment Size and Weight
Topics
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
5
• Heat and Power Estimation - Manufacturer’s Specified Heat Values vs. Actual Measured Values.
• Cooling the Chassis – Difficult to air cool equipment beyond 20 – 25 KW heat loads within acoustic noise limits. Trade off: air flow vs. electronics.
• Removing the Heat – How to cool and re-circulate the hot exhaust air from air cooled equipment. Older building are not designed for high heat loads.
• Improving PUE (Power Usage Effectiveness)
• AT&T Standards
Thermal Management, Air Flow Requirements, Impact, and Solutions
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
6
Challenges of Heat and Power estimation
• Manufacturer’s Specified Heat Values vs. Actual Measured Values
Results reporting Requirements
• AT&T ESP (Engineering and Space Planning) Form – Requires separate and distinct values for Nominal and Maximum
• Part specific values (e.g., chassis, cards, etc.)
• ATIS (Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions)– Charts heat and power at 0, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100% (max) equipment utilization
• System total values (measured, calculated or estimated)
Heat and Power Estimation
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
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• Air Cooling: Difficult to air cool equipment beyond 20 – 25 KW heat loads within acoustic noise limits, power, air impedance (rear door, grill, etc. issues), high speed exhaust. Chassis design trade off: air flow vs. electronics.
• Liquid cooling (submersive, direct contact)
• Hybrid: Air cooling with liquid cooling to hottest components
Cooling The Chassis
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
8
Increased hot/cold aisle temperature gradient leads to greater cooling efficiency. This can be achieved by:
• Consistent front to rear airflow
• In cabinet hot/cold isolation
• Hot or cold aisle containment
Removing the Heat:Efficiency Improvements
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
9
Consistent Airflow: Typical Solution for Side Airflow Chassis
Airflow Redirector - Plenum
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
10
Consistent Airflow: Typical Solution for Fuse Panels
Rear ViewFront View
Heat Ramp
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
11
Cabinet Modifications:Hot/Cold Aisle Isolation
Filler panels, top air blocking panel,
silicon pass-through inserts, foam inserts
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
12
Cabinet Modifications: Top Panel Isolation
Top panel brush and cover plate kit
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
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Hot/Cold Aisle Containment
• “Bathtub” Solutions
• Can be hot or cold aisle isolation depending upon the particular cooling infrastructure
• 3 sided containment
• 5 sided containment
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
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Hot/Cold Aisle Containment
All distributed cooling systems require containment to effectively separate the supply and return air. Containment increase the temperature gradient (delta T) between these air masses by reducing mixing of supply and return air.
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
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Hot/Cold Aisle Containment
Three sided containment will provide 70% effectiveness in separating supply and return air.
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
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Hot/Cold Aisle Containment
Five sided containment will provide 96% effectiveness in separating supply and return air.
It is not necessary to provide difficult top containment to get significant results from adding containment to equipment areas.
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
17
Aisle Containment Installation ChallengesAisle Containment in Partial Cabinet Line-Ups
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
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Aisle Containment Installation Challenges
Containment Doors and Panels
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
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Distributed Refrigerant Cooling (DRC)
DRC Solutions
• In row cooling - requires hot/cold aisle separation
• Back of cabinet cooling
• DRC direct to equipment
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
20
Distributed Cooling Installation Challenges
Equipment may not have the necessary airflow to support passive rear door coolers nor air flow re-directors to push air down and to the sides to in-row cooler intakes. Small, high speed exhaust outlets compound the problems.
Possible solutions include active doors (not currently commercially available), placing in-row coolers in adjacent aisles directly behind the equipment, or making aisle space into a giant in-row cooler plenum.
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
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Economization
• Economization is using the natural exterior temperature as a cooling source and is becoming a requirement for all cooling systems.
• The key to effective “Economization” is to increase supply air temperatures modestly and drive return air temperatures as high as possible to allow for the greatest window of “economization hours” in any climate.
• Economization can be done with heat exchangers to address air quality concerns or may be done with direct air exchange.
• The use of “Economization” and “Containment” will generate an average 40% improvement of PUE in a mild climate. Cool climates will see a greater savings while warm climate will see less but still significant savings.
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
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AT&T Thermal Standard
• AT&T’s Thermal Standard is ATT-812-000-705. The standard details traditional cooling systems, raised floor systems, DRC systems, multiple containment strategies, economization and thermal management space solutions.
• A support document numbered ATT-812-000-705 ANNEX has been created to discuss and illustrate manufacture specific solutions and products in support of ATT-812-000-705.
• AT&T’s Thermal Standards are proprietary documents and require approval for access.
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
23
• Lead Free Solder/RoHS 6/6 Compliance
• Thermal Management, Airflow Requirements, Impacts, and Solutions
• Cable Management
• Power Distribution
• Equipment Size and Weight
Topics
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
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Cable Management ChallengesOffice cable racking and chassis cable management are size constrained• Typical cable types are cat 5/6 cable and 1.6/2.0 mm breakouts/jumpers
• Fiber cable management may not accommodate fiber drip loops
• Chassis may support up to 600 cat 5/6 or 1000 individual fiber ports (2000 strands)
• High density MPO connectors used to increase port density require the use of breakout cables to the optical distribution frame
• Rack mount equipment may not have any vertical cable management Large quantities of cat 5/6 require custom cable management Large quantities of fiber are difficult to house in vertical FPS
• Distribution cable with 900 micron fiber used on front is upjacketed to 2.0 mm
• Breakout cable uses 1.6mm cordage end-to-end • Smaller within bay, but more costly and takes more rack space
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
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Cat 5/6 UTP
“Thin” versions of Cat 6 cable are approximately 20% smaller, 10% lighter, and
more flexible than standard Cat 6 cable
Less congestion on card faces, in equipment and rack cable managers, and in overhead ladder racking leading to lower installation costs and improved ease of maintenance
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
26
Fiber Initiatives – 1.2 mm Jumpers (Simplex and Duplex)
Fiber Cordage Used to Manufacture Jumpers
3.0mm, 2.0mm, 1.6mm, 1.2mm
simplex BIF cordage
3.0mm, 2.0mm, 1.2mm
duplex BIF cordage
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
27
Fiber Initiatives – 1.2 mm Jumpers (Simplex and Duplex)
1.2 mm jumpers are 44% smaller than 1.6mm jumpers = 1.5 times more fibers in the same space
1.2 mm jumpers are 64% smaller than 2.0 mm jumpers = 2.8
times more fibers in the same space
Both 1.2mm simplex (shown) and duplex jumpers successfully trialed in AT&T network and now in production use
1.6mm
72 fibers 72 fibers
1.2 mm
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
28
Fiber Initiatives – 1.2 mm Breakout CableCurrently 1.6mm breakout cable is used when 900 micron distribution cable up-jacketed to 2.0 mm is too large
1.2 mm is 42% smaller, 30% lighter than 1.6mm and allows 2.8X more 1.2 mm fibers in the same space than 2.0 mm up-jacketed fiber
1.2mm 12 fiber breakout cable Penalty: 40% larger than 900 micron for 72 count cable
1.6mm 12 fiber breakout cable Penalty: 80% larger than 900 micron for 72 count cable
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
29
Fiber Initiatives – 96 Strand Micro-Cables
Eight subgroups each with twelve 250 micron fibers
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
30
Fiber Initiatives – Backbone Micro Cables
72f Distribution Cable – 900 micron fiber18.5mm dia.: 6.6x cross-sectional area of microcable
72f Breakout Cable – 1.2mm fiber22.0mm dia.: 9x cross-sectional area of microcable72f Breakout Cable – 1.6mm fiber24.9mm dia.: 12x cross-sectional area of microcable
Prototype 72f Micro Cable – 250 micron fiber: 7.2 mm Diameter
12f 1.2mm Breakout Cable: 6.4 mm Diameter
12f 1.6mm Breakout Cable: 7.6 mm Diameter
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
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Fiber Initiatives – MPO Connectors
• Used to increase density and versatility of physical ports compared to SC and LC connectors
• High density low speed (1 GE) ports where card faceplate does not have sufficient room for LC connectors
• 10 x 10 GE CFP in 100 GE “electrical” port adds versatility and reduces costs for composite 100 GE signal compared to full 100GE
• 2 x 4 x 10GE in 100 GE “electrical” port adds versatility and reduces costs for composite 40 GE signal compared to full 40GE
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
32
Fiber Challenges – MPO Pin Outs
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
33
Fiber Challenges – MPO Pin Outs
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
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Fiber Challenges – MPO Pin Outs
10 x 10GE
1
1
10
10
Receive
Transmit
1
10
10
1
Receive
Transmit
OR
Back to back roll over cable
Back to back cross over
cable
Back to back hybrid cable
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
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Fiber Challenges – MPO Pin Outs
10 x 10GE
1 10
Transmit
1 10
OR
1 10
Receive
Receive
10 1
Transmit
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
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Fiber Challenges – MPO Pin Outs
1 14 4
4 x 10GE
1 14 4
4 x 10GE
2 x 4 x 10GE
1
1 4
1Receive
Transmit
4 4
1 4
Receive
Transmit
Legs are a straight and roll over cable variant
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
37
Fiber Challenges – MPO Pin Outs
8 x 12 x 1GE (e.g. 96 port 1 GE card)
1
1
12
12
Receive
Transmit
1
12
12
1
Receive
Transmit
OR
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
38
Fiber Challenges – MPO Pin Outs
1
1
12
12
Receive
Transmit
OR ???
OR
2
4
5
3
43
2 5
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
39
MPO Cable and Connector Challenges
MP01MPO2MPO3MPO4MPO5MPO6MPO7MPO8MPO9MPO10MPO11MPO12
MPO13
MPO15MPO14
MPO16MPO17MPO18MPO19MPO20MPO21MPO22MPO23MPO24
KEY
UPPER ROWLOWER ROW
Cable and breakout must be compatible with chassis cable management, FPS, and rack installations
Optics “Pin outs” vary by manufacturer
Connector numbering varies by manufacturer
A5
A4
B1B2B3B4
B5B6B7B8B9
B11
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
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Fiber Challenges – MPO Breakout Cables to LGX• Pin outs can vary for the same size and speed
connector and will vary for same size connector for different speeds.
• MPO – MPO cable pin outs are specific to the optics at each end and can be plugged in with the ends backwards.
• Need different breakout cable pin outs (MPO – SC/LC) based on connector pin out and size.
• Fiber strand colors must correspond to the T/R pairs at the breakout end. This means different cable builds, not just different labeling. (slide?)
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
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Fiber Initiatives – MPO Breakout Cables
900 micron breakout to
LGX
1.6 mm breakout to equipment front
panel
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
42
Fiber Initiatives – MPO to MPO Cables
24 fiber MPO-MPO
Pin out varies by both application and optics
• Straight
• Cross-over
• Rolled
• Hybrid
• And more
And how do you know?
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
43
• Lead Free Solder/RoHS 6/6 Compliance
• Thermal Management, Airflow Requirements, Impacts, and Solutions
• Cable Management
• Power Distribution
• Equipment Size and Weight
Topics
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
44
Power Cable Management Challenges
• Chassis may require up to 36 DC power cable pairs or 24 single phase 220 VAC cords
• Typically no power cable management is provided
• AC cords typically do not “lock” into the chassis receptacles
• N + 1 power supply redundancy schemes are not practical to implement in the field (would require N + 1 BDFB loads)
• A + B power feed redundancy to each power module results in double the number of feeds and little reliability improvement
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
45
• A DA Plant is located near the equipment it serves, saving copper
• Scalable from 850A – 3800A depending upon required battery reserve
• In some cases, requires a new battery technology Sodium Metal Halide, aka “Sodium Salt”
• At room temperature, battery is table salt, nickel, iron, and alumina
Solution: Distributed Architecture (DA) Power Plant
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
46
DC Power Plant Architecture Features
• Single large DC power plant for office
• Large DC batteries in the power room (basement)
• Long DC primary power circuits
• Requires BDFBs
• Requires short secondary distribution
• Requires bay FAPs for most NEs
• Voltage drop from BDFB to NE is typically limited to 0.5V loop
• Short AC feeds to rectifiers
• Heavy lead acid battery technology
• Multiple small DC power plants for areas
• Small DC batteries in the equipment area
• “Primary” distribution in the traditional sense is eliminated
• BDFBs are eliminated
• “Secondary” distribution technically becomes primary
• Bay FAPs can be eliminated for most NEs
• Voltage drop from PBD to NE = 1.75V loop, effectively eliminating all transition devices; i.e., cable size is #2 AWG for most 125A circuits
• Longer AC feeds to rectifiers – more PDSCs
• Lighter alternate battery technology
Centralized Architecture Distributed Architecture (DA)
DA Plants = less copper
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
47
Solution: Mini “BDFB”
Six 600A loads, 10 fuse positions/load
Equipment Cost Savings of ~50%
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
48
Solution: Bridging Clips
Bridging Clips are used on Demarcation Fuse Panels to provide 2 or more outputs for a single input.
Bridging clips are used with high current (125A) BDFBs where
individual power inputs are fused at >50A and the total load of multiple fuse outputs will not exceed 125A.
Special cases include planning for growth and redundant chassis power
supply inputs.
This saves secondary power cable installation costs, BDFB fuse
positions, cable rack and cable hole congestion = $$$.
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
2:1 Bridging Clips
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© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
2:1 Bridging Clip Example
50
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
4:1 Bridging Clip Example
51
16 60A redundant feeds 4 125A feeds
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
52
• Lead Free Solder/RoHS 6/6 Compliance
• Thermal Management, Airflow Requirements, Impacts, and Solutions
• Cable Management
• Power Distribution
• Equipment Size and Weight
Topics
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
Equipment Size and Weight Challenges
• Rack mount units may exceed the 44 ru standard 7’ rack/cabinet VPO and/or may be very deep
• Both standalone and rack mount chassis may exceed 1500# when fully populated.
• “Green” shipping means everything in one >1500# crate – how do you move it from loading dock to installation site especially if FRUs must be removed first
• Challenge to deliver to and transport equipment within the office (too tall, too heavy, cannot be tilted)
• Challenge to install in cabinet due to size and weight
• Cabinet/rack must support 1500# or more
53
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
54
Cabinet and Rack Design Challenges
• Must incorporate hot/cold aisle separation while allowing front to rear cable access and provide vertical cable management
• Mounting rail design must support plenums needed to correct side air flow.
• Heat ramps to correct top to bottom airflow (e.g. fuse panels) must allow for various equipment offsets, depths, etc.
• Cabinet must support over 1500# while maintaining zone 4 seismic compliance
• Cabinets, if required, must accommodate equipment over 44 ru high
• Cabinet design must allow for in-cabinet cable management
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
55
Cabinet ModificationsReduced Top and Bottom Cowlings
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
56
Cabinet ModificationsPocket Rails, Base Chassis Support
© 2014 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved. AT&T, the AT&T logo and all other AT&T marks contained herein are trademarks of AT&T Intellectual Property and/or AT&T affiliated companies. All other marks contained herein are the property of their respective owners.
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