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Neural and Hormonal Systems Will Explain Why We FEEL…… Pain Strong Sick Nervous.

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Neural and Hormonal Systems Will Explain Why We FEEL…… Pain Strong Sick Nervous
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Page 1: Neural and Hormonal Systems Will Explain Why We FEEL…… Pain Strong Sick Nervous.

Neural and Hormonal Systems

Will Explain Why We FEEL……

Pain

Strong

Sick

Nervous

Page 2: Neural and Hormonal Systems Will Explain Why We FEEL…… Pain Strong Sick Nervous.

It all Starts with the Neuron

Page 3: Neural and Hormonal Systems Will Explain Why We FEEL…… Pain Strong Sick Nervous.

Neuron Structure

Neurons do NOT touch each other- the space in between is call the synapse.

Page 4: Neural and Hormonal Systems Will Explain Why We FEEL…… Pain Strong Sick Nervous.

How a Neuron Fires

It is an electrochemical process•Electrical inside the neuron•Chemical outside the neuron

(in the synapse in the form of a neurotransmitter).

•The firing is call Action Potential.

Page 5: Neural and Hormonal Systems Will Explain Why We FEEL…… Pain Strong Sick Nervous.

The All-or None Response

• The idea that either the neuron fires or it does not- no part way firing.

• Like a gun

Page 6: Neural and Hormonal Systems Will Explain Why We FEEL…… Pain Strong Sick Nervous.

Steps of Action Potential• Dendrites receive neurotransmitter from

another neuron across the synapse.• Reached its threshold- then fires based on the

all-or-none response.• Opens up a portal in axon, and lets in positive

ions (Sodium) which mix with negative ions (Potassium) that is already inside the axon (thus Neurons at rest have a slightly negative charge).

• The mixing of + and – ions causes an electrical charge that opens up the next portal (letting in more K) while closing the original portal.

• Process continues down axon to the axon terminal.

• Terminal buttons turns electrical charge into chemical (neurotransmitter) and shoots message to next neuron across the synapse.

Page 7: Neural and Hormonal Systems Will Explain Why We FEEL…… Pain Strong Sick Nervous.

Action Potential

Page 8: Neural and Hormonal Systems Will Explain Why We FEEL…… Pain Strong Sick Nervous.

How Neurons Communicate

Page 9: Neural and Hormonal Systems Will Explain Why We FEEL…… Pain Strong Sick Nervous.

Neurotransmitters

•Chemical messengers released by terminal buttons through the synapse.

•We should know at least 4 types and what they do.

Page 10: Neural and Hormonal Systems Will Explain Why We FEEL…… Pain Strong Sick Nervous.

Acetylcholine• Its function is motor movement and

maybe memory.

To much and you will….

Not enough and you will….

Lack of ACH has been linked to Alzheimer’s disease.

Page 11: Neural and Hormonal Systems Will Explain Why We FEEL…… Pain Strong Sick Nervous.

Dopamine• Its function is motor movement

and alertness.

Lack of dopamine is associated with Parkinson’s disease.Overabundance is associated with schizophrenia.

Page 12: Neural and Hormonal Systems Will Explain Why We FEEL…… Pain Strong Sick Nervous.

Serotonin•Function deals with mood control.

Lack of serotonin has been linked to depression.

Page 13: Neural and Hormonal Systems Will Explain Why We FEEL…… Pain Strong Sick Nervous.

Endorphins•Function deals with pain

control.

We become addicted to endorphin causing feelings.

Page 14: Neural and Hormonal Systems Will Explain Why We FEEL…… Pain Strong Sick Nervous.

Agonists and Antagonists

Page 15: Neural and Hormonal Systems Will Explain Why We FEEL…… Pain Strong Sick Nervous.

Types of Neurons

Sensory NeuronsMotor NeuronsInter Neurons

Page 16: Neural and Hormonal Systems Will Explain Why We FEEL…… Pain Strong Sick Nervous.

Sensory Neurons(Afferent Neurons)

•Take information from the senses to the brain.

Page 17: Neural and Hormonal Systems Will Explain Why We FEEL…… Pain Strong Sick Nervous.

Inter Neurons• Take

messages from Sensory Neurons to other parts of the brain or to Motor Neurons.

Page 18: Neural and Hormonal Systems Will Explain Why We FEEL…… Pain Strong Sick Nervous.

Motor Neurons(Efferent Neurons)

•Take information from brain to the rest of the body.

Page 19: Neural and Hormonal Systems Will Explain Why We FEEL…… Pain Strong Sick Nervous.

Divisions of the Nervous System

Page 20: Neural and Hormonal Systems Will Explain Why We FEEL…… Pain Strong Sick Nervous.

Sympathetic Nervous System

Flight or Fight Response

Page 21: Neural and Hormonal Systems Will Explain Why We FEEL…… Pain Strong Sick Nervous.
Page 22: Neural and Hormonal Systems Will Explain Why We FEEL…… Pain Strong Sick Nervous.

A Simple Reflex

Page 23: Neural and Hormonal Systems Will Explain Why We FEEL…… Pain Strong Sick Nervous.

A Simplified Neural Network

Neurons that learn to work together as a team.

Page 24: Neural and Hormonal Systems Will Explain Why We FEEL…… Pain Strong Sick Nervous.

The Endocrine SystemA system of glands that secrete hormones.Similar to nervous system, except hormones work a lot slower than neurotransmitters.

Neurotransmitters

Hormones

Page 25: Neural and Hormonal Systems Will Explain Why We FEEL…… Pain Strong Sick Nervous.

The Major Endocrine Glands


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