Neutron scattering at IBR-2 in Dubna: some history ...I.M.Frank and I.Ye.Tamm for a theoretical...

Joint Institute for Nuclear Research

"Neutron scattering at IBR-2 in Dubna:

some history, present status and future

perspectives"

A.V.Belushkin

Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, JINR, Dubna, Russia


Idea of IBR (Импульсный Быстрый Реактор) in 1955

Institute of Physics and Power Engineering in Obninsk, Russia

The idea of the pulsed fast reactor of neutrons belongs to russian scientist Dimitry Ivanovich Blokhintsev

“Why not fix a part of the reactor active zone on a rim of the disk so that at each revolution this part passes near the stationary zone and creates a supercritical mass for a short time?”


1958 – Nobel Prize in physics to P.A.Cherenkov for the discovery andI.M.Frank and I.Ye.Tamm for a theoretical explanation of the Vavilov-Cherenkov radiation (1936-1937)

Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics in 1956-1960

World’s first reactor of a new type built in 3 years at the FLNPdirected by Nobel Laureate Ilya Mikhailovich Frank and under the guidance of Fyodor Lvovich Shapiro

• June 23, 1960 - start-up

• operation power of 1kW

• upgraded to 6kW


Joint Institute for Nuclear Research 5

SANS spectrometer at the IBR-30 reactor; slit geometry

Yury Ostanevich and Lazslo Cser at the first SANS detector.

Slit geometry; 3He-counters inside a tube.

Joint Institute for Nuclear Research 6

SANS spectrometer with axial geometry

3He ring detector inside an evacuated tube.


YuMO – small-angle scattering spectrometer at IBR-2


IBR-2M Parameters


Neutron Sources Around the World

Report of a technical meeting held in Vienna, 18–21 May 2004 , IAEA-TECDOC-1439 (2005)


Thin multilayered magnetic heterosystems:

magnetic ordering in multilayers

Spin-Flop-Induced Coarsening of Antiferromagnetic Domains in a Fe/Cr Multilayer

Intensity maps I/I0 of specular and off-

specular scattered neutrons from

MgO(001)/[57Fe(26Å)/Cr(13Å)]20

multilayer in a magnetic field of

A) 7 mT, B) 14.2 mT C) 35 mT.

The mixture of two domain states with

correlation length ~800 nm and >5 m

(coarsening) is revealed during the

spin-flop transition is observed.

qx

Fe

Cr

kikf

qzpi

pf

ai af

q

D.L. Nagy, L. Bottyán, B. Croonenborghs, L. Deák, B. Degroote, J. Dekoster, H.J. Lauter,

V. Lauter-Pasyuk, O. Leupold, M. Major, J. Meersschaut, O. Nikonov, A. Petrenko, R. Rüffer,

H. Spiering, E. Szilágyi, Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 157202 (2002).

Collaboration: RIPNP Budapest Hungary - KU Leuven, Belgium - JINR Dubna -

- ILL Grenoble, France - TU Muenchen, Germany

R-- (non-spin-flip) R-+ (spin-flip)


Applied research: magnetic fluids (ferrofluids)

M.Balasoiu, M.V.Avdeev, A.I.Kuklin, V.L.Aksenov, D.Bica, L.Vekas, D.Hasegan, Gy.Torok,

L.Rosta, V.Garamus, J.Kohlbrecher, Magnetohydrodynamics Vol. 40 (2004), pp. 359–368

M.V.Avdeev, V.L.Aksenov, M.Balasoiu, V.M.Garamus, A.Schreyer, Gy.Török, L.Rosta, D.Bica,

L.Vékás, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 295 (2006) 100-107

M.V.Avdeev, D.Bica, L.Vékás, O.Marinica, M.Balasoiu, V.L.Aksenov, L.Rosta, V.M.Garamus,

A.Schreyer, J. Mag. Mag. Mater. (2006), accepted.

Collaboration: JINR Dubna - CFATR Timisoara, Romania - NIRDIMT Cluj-Napoca, Romania

- RISSP Budapest, Hungary - GKSS Geestchaht, Germany - PSI Villigen, Switzerland

Microstructural studies of ferrofluids by small-angle neutron scattering

Strategy of SANS experiments

IBR-2

(fast analysis,

low resolution) BNC

(high resolution,

non-polarized neutrons) GKSS

(high resolution,

polarized neutrons)


Applied research: nanocarbon

Structural Features of Molecular-Colloidal Solutions of C60 Fullerenes in

Water by Small-Angle Neutron Scattering

M.V.Avdeev, A.A.Khokhryakov, T.V.Tropin, G.V.Andrievsky, V.K.Klochkov, L.I.Derevyanchenko,

L.Rosta, V.M.Garamus, V.B.Priezzhev, M.V.Korobov, V.L.Aksenov, Langmuir 2004, 20, 4363-4368

P.Scharff, K.Risch, L.Carta-Abelmann, I.M.Dmytruk, M.M.Bilyi, O.A.Golub, A.V.Khavryuchenko,

E.V.Buzaneva, V.L.Aksenov, M.V.Avdeev, Yu.I. Prylutskyy, S.S.Durov, Carbon 42 (2004) 1203–1206

C60 crystal

C60 layer

C60 monomer

hydration water shell

Collaboration: JINR Dubna - IT AMSU Kharkov, Ukraine - MSU Moscow, Russia -

- RISSP Budapest, Hungary - GKSS Geestchaht, Germany

SANS data for different samples of FWS, c = 182 M


Suite of Spectrometers


IBR-2M Spectrometers Complex

Diffractometers:

HRFD, DN-6, RTD, DN-12,

FSD, SKAT/Epsilon, FSS

Small Angle Scattering

Spectrometer: YuMO

Reflectometers:

REMUR, REFLEX, GRAINS

Inelastic Neutron

Scattering

Spectrometers:

NERA, DIN-2PI

New Instruments:

DN-6, GRAINS, NRT, FSS

Reconstruction:

REFLEX – SESANS

2011:11 instruments in

operation

2018:15 instruments in

operation

Radiography and

Tomography: NRT


Global modernization of the HRFD diffractometer

New Fourier chopper in work position.

(a)

(b)

Comparison of the old (V-14-10) и new (V-16-10) incident

neutron spectra measured using vanadium sample (a). The

gain factor of neutron intensity as function of neutronwavelength measured using the standard Al2O3 sample (b).

Neutron guide with vertical parabolic focusing. New mirrors were mounted in old vacuum casing.


Parameters comparable with dedicated

instruments in other leading neutron centers

(SNS, J-PARC, ILL)

RTD diffractometer for real-time studies

IBR-2:

active core

moderator

Background

chopper

Biological

shielding

6A , 6B beam

splitter

Neutron

guide tube

2D PSD

on rotating arm

Back-scattering

multi-ring detector

SANS

multi-ring

detector

90° multi-

element 3He detector

Central table,

sample position

Shutter

Neutron flux at sample

position: 5106 n/cm2/s

Resolution

2 =156-1700: d/d 0.01

2 =100: d/d 0.05

D-spacing range: 1 - 80 Å

Typical measurement times:

0.5 – 10 min

T - range:

10 - 300 K

300 – 1000 K


DN-12 Spectrometer for Studies of Microsamples


position: 2106 n/cm2/s

Resolution at d = 2 Å, 2 =900:

d/d = 0.02

D-spacing range: 0.8 - 13 Å

Pressure range: 0 – 7 GPa

Temperature range: 10 – 300 K

Pressure cell with

sapphire anvils

1 2 3 4

0

2000

4000

6000

FM

P = 0 GPa

T = 16 K

P = 2.2 GPa

T = 16 K

Inte

nsity, arb

. un

its

d-spacing, Å

FM

A-type AFM

I4/mcm

Fmmm

Pr0.52

Sr0.48

MnO3

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

P=2.2 GPa,

T=16 K

P=0 GPa,

T=16 K

dhkl

, Å

A-type AFM

FM

FM

A-type AFM

Simultaneous study of crystal

and magnetic structure of

materials


Two detectors rings of DN-12

7

6

1 - first cryostat with coils HTSC magnet (YBCO – superconductor tape); 2 - magnet second

cryostat with pressure cell; 4 – current lead; 5 – high pressure chamber; 6 и 7 – detectors

DN12; 8 –cryorefrigerator SRDK408S, 9 – cryorefrigerator SRDK101D

nn

2

1

8

9

4

5

PTH sample environment system (NEO KS FLNP)

3D model of horizontal dry cryostats with split-coil HTSC magnet and cold anvils-insert

Further Developments

Large volume press for high pressure (0 – 30 GPa) and temperature (300 – 2000 K)

experiments


Diffractometer DN-6 for studies of microsamples under extreme conditions

DAC

Neutron diffraction patterns of Cr2O3

sample measured in DAC up to 35

GPa

Second circular detector of

DN-6, consisting of 96

separate 3Не counters

Sample volume:

0.01-0.05 mm3

DN-6 diffractometer

(operational from 2012

• Intensity gain: 12 times (compared to DN-12)

• Pressure range: 30-50 GPa• Temperature range: 4– 300 K

Neutron diffraction patterns of Cr2O3

sample measured in sapphire anvil

cell up to 4.6 GPa


0 cm 45 cm 87 cm

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900

0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

300000

old guide neu

tro

n c

ou

nts

, a

rb.u

nit

s

TOF channel

focusing

200 300 400 500 600 700 800 9001

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

ga

in f

act

or

TOF channel

a)

b)c)The averaged incident neutron flux gain is ~ 6 times.

Multiplication factor compared to DN-12: 35 times

The replacement of the remaining tail part of the mirror neutron guide (17 m) from m = 1

to m = 2 is planned. The expected additional intensity gain is ~ 2 times

Further Development of DN-6: Installation of Neutron Parabolic

Focusing Device (7 m length)


position: 3107 n/cm2/s (with

focusing device)

Resolution at d = 2 Å, 2 =900:

d/d = 0.025

D-spacing range: 0.8 - 12 Å

Pressure range: 0 – 50 GPa

Temperature range: 4 – 300 K

Top level among relevant

class of instruments,

achievable pressure range

comparable with SNAP

(SNS)


Experimental test of SESANS setup at 9-th beamline of

the IBR-2 reactor

X

Y

Z

Spin rotator

Fig. 1. A) Wavelength

dependence of the

polarization Pz of the

outgoing neutron beam

for the symmetric setup

without sample.

B) NSE signals

observed for indicated

wavelength bands

(1,2,3,4,5).

1

2

3 4 5

1 2 3 4 5

A

B


A Structural Study of the Fe-Al phase diagram

Neutron diffraction patterns of

Fe-26.6Al alloy measured on

heating with a rate of 1

deg/min.

An example of high resolution ND patterns and W2 on d2

dependences in Fe26.5 and Fe-27Al. A.M.Balagurov et al., JETP Letters (2016)


Real-Time Studies of Li-Based rechargeable

batteries

HRFD : Bobrikov I.A., Balagurov A.M. et al. J of Power Sources 258 (2014)

Real-time monitoring of transition processes during charge-discharge cycles revealed 10% increase of LiC6 phase in anode when cathode was doped with vanadium oxide, which correlates with better electrochemical properties.


Institute of

Archaeology of

Russian Academy of

Science

Neutron radiography and tomography facility: cultural heritage

studies

«Tver’ treasure» was found in 2014

The part of Old-Russian ancient

bracelet dated to XIV century.

Neutron tomography reconstructed modelwith “hidden” gilding pattern


25

User Programme - STATISTICS

197

242

221

189208 203

2015 2016 2017

Number of proposals

Submitted Accepted


Conclusions

• JINR possesses unique basic facility for

advanced research in the field of

condensed matter science

• Cooperation with JINR member states

and partners is of great importance for us

Thank you for the attention !

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Neutron scattering at IBR-2 in Dubna: some history ...I.M.Frank and I.Ye.Tamm for a theoretical...

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