New Approaches to Civil Rights

Affirmative Action

• Enforced through executive orders & federal policy– Actively recruit African-Americans– Eventually other minorities

• End of 1960s– Lack of real progress/change

• Success ChallengesAtlanta Allan BakkeAirports Univ. of CA Regents v. Bakke25% Upheld/ no fixed quotas What do you think??

Education

• Inequalities in education• Brown v. Board of Education• Busing– Transporting children to schools outside their

neighborhoods to achieve greater racial balance• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TvJrNYiiuq0

What do you think??

Hispanics Organize• Late 1960s- 9 million Hispanics• Encouraged by the Civil Rights Movement– Cesar Chavez & Dolores Huerta – Fought for farmworkers– Boycott of grapes– United Farm Workers– Bilingualism• Teaching immigrant students in their own language while

they learn English• Bilingual Education Act 1968

What do you think of bilingualism??

Native Americans • Less than 1% of total population – Earned less– Highest unemployment rate– Limited education – Shorter life expectancy

• Declaration of Indian Purpose– Policies to create greater economic opportunities– Wanted greater independence

• Indian Civil Rights Act- Protections of the Bill of Rights, recognized legitimacy of local reservation law

• American Indian Movement– Militant style– 1969- Occupied Alcatraz– 1973- Seized Wounded Knee

Assignment

• Create a postage stamp to commemorate progress in equal rights from this section

• Should feature an event, person, or group that made a significant contribution

• Choose something YOU find worthy• On the back, explain the significance and why

you chose that cause• Due at the end of the hour• Worth 10 points (Must be colored)