New DealChapter 15

Section 1 – The New Deal Fights the DepressionSection 2 – The 2nd New Deal Takes HoldSection 3 – The New Deal Affects Many GroupsSection 4 – Culture in the 1930’sSection 5 – The Impact of the New Deal

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c10.htm

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http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/new_deal_for_the_arts/work_pays_america.html

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http://us.history.wisc.edu/hist102/lectures/lecture20.htmlSee New Deal Notes @

Mary McLeod Bethune

• Head of the Division of Negro Affairs of the National Youth Administration

• Helped organize the “Black Cabinet” – group of influential African Americans to advise the Roosevelt administration on racial issues

http://www.nahc.org/NAHC/Val/Columns/SC10-6.html

Marian Anderson

• Eleanor Roosevelt invited Marian Anderson to sing at the concert hall in Washington D.C. The Daughters of the Revolution didn’t allow it because Marian was black. Roosevelt quit the organization and moved the concert to the Lincoln Memorial.

• Continued to break barriers for African American Artists

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_Anderson

Roosevelt Fails to Support Civil Rights

• Roosevelt was never committed to full civil rights for African Americans

• Refused to approve a federal anti-lynching law

• Refused to approve an end to the poll tax

• Some New Deal programs clearly discriminated against African Americans

Election of 1936

• Alf Landon• Republican Candidate• Governor of Kansas• No ties to Hoover• Ran Kansas financially

conservative –Pleased conservatives

• Had supported Roosevelt programs- Pleased liberals

• Franklin Roosevelt• Democratic Incumbent

http://www.authentichistory.com/1930s/fdr/images01.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alf_Landon

http://teachpol.tcnj.edu/amer_pol_hist/thumbnail362.html

Election of 1936

http://teachpol.tcnj.edu/amer_pol_hist/thumbnail355.html

The Roosevelt Coalition

• Recent Immigrants

• Labor

• Farmers

• African Americans

Recent Immigrants

• Urban working class, 1st and 2nd generation Americans, who benefited from FDR’s social and economic programs

• Appreciate the new appointments and policies that reject racist attitudes and see minorities contributions to society

• Many newcomers were Catholic and usually supported the Democratic Party

Labor

• Labor benefited greatly from FDR’s New Deal Programs (i.e. Wagner Act)

• Unions see increase in membership• Increase in membership means more

effectiveness against big business– Sit Down Strike– 1933 less than 3 million to 10 million in 1939

• Helps the Democratic Party with votes• Unions were a major source of funding to

replace funding lost from big business interests

Farmers

• Benefited from New Deal Programs

• Dissatisfied with Republican lack of support for farmers in the 1920’s and early 1930’s

African Americans

• Traditionally African Americans had voted for __________?

• Republican Party – tied to Lincoln• True in 1932• African Americans benefited from New Deal

legislation like the WPA and NYA• Roosevelt increased the number of African

Americans in federal jobs• Eleanor Roosevelt and Harold Ickes had close

ties with African American leaders• 85% of African Americans polled in Fortune

Magazine in 1938 favored FDR

Wagner-Steagall Act/National Housing Act

• Established the United States Housing Authority (USHA)– Long-term, low interest loans to local public

agencies that met 10% of the cost of building low-come housing

– Awards subsidies to local agencies to keep rents at a low level

Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act

• Required manufactures of food, drugs, and cosmetics to label ingredients used in products

• Forbade the mislabeling of products and false and misleading advertising

• Enforced by Food and Drug Administration and Federal Trade Commission

Election of 1940

• Roosevelt runs for an Unprecedented 3rd Term– Causes controversy

• Wendell Willkie –– Republican Candidate

• 22nd Amendment – sets a term limit for President of the United States

http://www.authentichistory.com/1930s/fdr/images01.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_1940

Election of 1940

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