1
New Generation Network (NWGN)Beyond NGN in Japan
Tomonori AoyamaKeio University
NICT
May 8, 2007
2
Contents
- Broadband Networks in Japan
- Next (NXGN) and New (NWGN)
- Key Technologies for NWGN
3
No. of broadband customers in Japan
Source : MIC
0
10M
20M
30M
No.
of U
sers
’01 ’02 ’03 ’04 ’05 ’06 ’07 ’08 ’09 ’10
NTT’s Target 30 M in 2010
Total 25 MillionMore than 50% of household
FTTH exceeded7 Million
CATVADSLFTTH
Year
4
Rapid Expansion of Internet Traffic in Japan
1000 times in 10 years
http://www.jpix.ad.jp/jp/techncal/traffic.html
5
NGN is entering into the deployment phase in Japan.
- Carriers and vendors are investing their
resources to the deployment of NGN.
- Standards for NGN are being established
in the ITU-T.
- NTT has started the field trial of NGN
services.
- Actual services over NGN may start
around 2007.
6
NGN Architecture standardized by ITU-T
Application
NNI
Transport Stratum
Service Stratum
・Service Control Function
・Transport Function
Oth
er Netw
ork
End U
ser System
UNIAPI
7
NXGN and NWGN
• NGN (NeXt Generation Network): NXGNImprovement of IP networking toprovide Triple-/Quadruple-play services
・ NWGN(NeW Generation Network)Network architectures and main protocols are different from IP networks,
Post-NGN
8
Next Generation Network and New Generation Network
2010 2020
NXGN / IP
NWGN /( IP + α
) or p
ost- IP
Variety of Appliances
Ubiquitous Appliances
Quadruple Play
Triple Play
Year
9
Overlay Network
( IP+ α) NW / Post IP NW
Underlay Network
Multi-layer C
ontrol Mechanism
Application
Photonic NW Mobile NW Sensor NW
Study Items for NWGN Architecture
10
Research Projects related to NWGN in Japan Network Architecture : AKARI Project in NICT
Underlay Network
Optical Packet Network Research in NICT
4 Photonic Network Projects funded by NICT
Cognitive Wireless Network Research in NICT
Overlay Network
Joint Research Project among NICT and Universities
Five Ubiquitous Network related projects funded by MIC
Applications for NWGN
4K and 8K Super High Definition Video Applications
Grid Computing and its applications for e-Science
11
Requirements for NWGN1. Network Capacity
Backbone Node: 1Pb/s , Backbone Link: 10 Tb/s
FTTH: 10Gb/s
2. No. of Appliances
100 billion appliances / 1 million broadcast stations
3. Capacity of contents
From 100 bit (sensor/RFID) to 5 TB (2 hour 4K non-
compressed digital cinema contents) and more
4. Transparency / Openness / Simplicity
KISS principle
Controlled transparency for security
12
K M GAccess frequency [page/day]
K
M
G
T
P
Yahoo300Mpage/day
InternetTVガイド11Mpage/day
Web content
Cap
acity
of c
onte
nt
SDTVDVD>GB
Web~10kB/page
MP3>MB/music
DigitalCinema> 100GB
e Commerce
IP TV
HDTV
Cine-grid
B2C
B2B
[bit]
Contents in the ubiquitous societyFrom tiny to huge
Sensor & RF ID
S2M
P2P
Both directions
13
Requirements for NWGN5. Robustness: More than four nine
6. Reliability: Protection of Privacy, Traceability
7. Ubiquity: Ubiquitous appliances and contents
Full mobility support
8. Sustainability and Adaptability for technological
advances
9. Business model : Industry incentive is needed.
10. Low power consumption
Prediction: ICT systems will occupy about 50%
of total power consumption with current technology
in 10 years.
14
NICT’s Mission
NWGN Architecture and Key Technologies
JGN 2 JGN2+ JGN 3
Funding for Research Projects in Univ. and/or Industry
AKARI Project
Research
Testbed
Funding
- a small light in the dark pointing to the future -
Designing new generation network architecture
- pick up techniques for NWGN- integrate & simplify them under the clean slate design
concept for NWGN
15
NWGN Architecture Study in AKARI ProjectConnectionless Datagram Packet
Combination of Packet and Circuit Switched Networking
Identification & Location Separate Structure
Naming & Discovery New Scheme should be needed
Layered Architecture Cross-layered Architecture
Mobile Networking PDMA (Packet Division Multiple
Access)
Overlay network Overlay testbed over JGN2
AAA Function
Autonomous/Self-organization mechanism
16
Optical Packet & Path Combination Architecture
OPS
OCS
cλ
m1λ
n1λ
Control/D
ataD
ata
Look-up
Forwarding table
delaydelay
RE
buffer
cλ
m2λ
n2λ
link
parallelwave transmission
Assumptions:Packet loss due to small buffer sizeOCS for guaranteed services(current buffer size by NICT = 31 p at 10Gbps)
Questions:OPS: Label Swapping? at L2OCS: GMPLS?
λc d c d…
* to avoid too short packet length
Hirabaru & Harai2006-10-19Akari meeting10GHz? 1Gbps
100GHz? 10Gbps200GHz? 40Gbps
17
All-optical Terabit-class LAN• Access-to-backbone seamless
networking• Access-to-backbone seamless
networking
WAN/MAN
TerabitTerabit--class
classoptical optical LANLAN
TerabitTerabit--class
classoptical optical LANLAN
Opt. IFOpt. IF
Multi-gigabit streaming・Dynamic multi-lane trans.
Ether-frame agrregation・Agrregation sw interface・Agrregation sw engine
>100Gbps transmission・100Gb/s Tx & Rx・Dispersion tolerance
Seamless networking・Dynamic λ/λ-band ・Signalling
NG Ethernet protocol・Carrier-class network mange.・Standardization activities
User
User User
User
Megabyte-frame switching・Megabyte buffering・MAC protocol
Opt. IFOpt. IF Opt. IFOpt. IF
Opt. IFOpt. IF
Dynamic Light Path Experiment over JGN IIWorld first experiment to transfer non-compressed 4K digital cinema contents over GMPLS controlled dynamic end-to-end optical path networks
World first experiment to transfer non-compressed 4K digital cinema contents over GMPLS controlled dynamic end-to-end optical path networks
18Tokyo 2
Tokyo 1
JGNⅡ
4K Camera4K-GW 4K Projector4K-GW
Sendai conference site
4K CinemaServer
4K-GW
NTT MusashinoR&DC
Osaka
GMPLS
GMPLS
GMPLS Signaling
Optical path set up
previously
Switch Wavelength
path by GMPLS
OXCOXC
OXC January,2006
Keio DMC
19
可動式コラムによる空間の自由なレ
遠隔会議
研究用超高速ネットワークJGN2
Copyright © Morikawa Laboratory / Ubila Project / Interior Design: Hiroshi Shoji Architect & Associates / Photo: Masa
Ubila Akihabara Ubiquitous Network Test Room・ユビキタスネットワーク技術の実証実験空間
・ユビキタスコラムシステム
可動式の中空柱の設置場所を変更することで、空間を自由にレイアウト可能
センサやアクチュエータの装着や各種ケーブルの配線が容易に可能
所在地:東京都千代田区外神田1-18秋葉原ダイビル13F 1303
問い合わせ先:東京大学 森川研究室電話:04-7136-3897メール:[email protected]
一般公開:2006年08月29日に開催.今後も月1回のペースで開催予定
20
Context-aware serviceApplications of Sensor Data
Bright
Temp
UV
Humid
Pre-process & feature extraction
Clustering
HumidityTemperatu
reAlcohol
BrightnessUV
Sensor Array
Acceleration sensor
standing
walking
21
Overlay Network• Role of overlay
– Testbed for distributed applications (general view)– Testbed for new architecture (general view)– “Infrastructure” enabling highly flexible service
composition and on-demand setup of virtual networks in accordance with users’ needs
• Key technologies– Control plane integrating underlay and overlay– Interoperability
• NICT’s activities– Core Project
• JGNII Overlay Testbed– PlanetLab Japan
Integration with mobile/wireless
Service composition
Interoperability
Integration with photonic network
22
Sendai
Tsukuba
Tokyo
NaganoKanazawa
Nagoya
Osaka Keihanna
Kochi
Okayama
Kitakyushu
Fukuoka
Sapporo
USAChicago
Kyutech
Hiroshima U.
Kochi-techOsaka U.
• 50 PCs• Multi-home connectivity
– SINET, APAN, JGNII L3,…• Future plans
– Wireless network integration– Photonic network integration
NICT Koganei
NICT Otemachi
U. Tokyo
Tohoku U.
Sapporo Medical U.
JGN II Overlay Testbed
23
Conclusion• NXGN is now being deployed, standardized, and
invested toward the service start in 2007.
• NWGN is in the research phase. Various Projects from underlay networking to applications
MIC is making a new report on a policy for future network research projects which Japanese Government should supports.
All Japan Forum for future network research will be established soon for global collaboration.
24
Current Photonic Network R&D supported by NICT
All-optical transport(1996〜2005)
All-optical transport(1996〜2005)
Photonic node enabling broadband access(2000〜2005)
Photonic node enabling broadband access(2000〜2005)
Optical burst switching network(2001〜2005)
Optical burst switching network(2001〜2005)
Control plane for terabit-class network(2001〜2005)
Control plane for terabit-class network(2001〜2005)
PHASE I
Photonic node with multi-granularityswitching capability(2005〜2009 )
Photonic node with multi-granularityswitching capability(2005〜2009 )
λ Access(2006〜2010 )λ Access(2006〜2010 )
λ Utility(2005〜2009 )λ Utility(2005〜2009 )
Photonic RAM(2005〜2009 )Photonic RAM(2005〜2009 )
PHASE II
25NICT R & DNICT R & D
26
Road Map of Photonic Networks
P-to-P WDMTransmission
OADM Ring NW
OADM : Optical Add/Drop MultiplexerOXC : Optical Cross-connect
Optical Packet Switching NW
OXC
OADM
WDM
WDM
Dyn
amic
Con
trol
of W
avel
engt
hH
our
〜Day
〜Year
msec
〜sec
Packet / B
urst
Optical MPLS NW(Distributed Control)
OXC Full-mesh NW (Centralized Control)
2001 2005 2010〜Year
~Se
vera
l 100
Gb/
s1T
~10
Tb/s
>10
Tb/s
λ1 λ2
λ3 λ2
λ1 λ3
/ Stream
Min
.
Stat
ic W
avel
engt
hO
pera
tion
Ban
dwid
th C
ontr
olU
sin
g P
hot
onic
Lab
els
WDMOptical Burst Switching NW
Optical MPLS Router
OpticalBurst Switch
〜msecOptical IP
Router
Government Funded Projects
NICT Project
Commercially introduced
27
Optical Packet Routing• Optical Packet Switching with optical label
01
00
10
0001
10
00
00
01
01
10
10
A
B
B A
B A
B A 10 10 01
B A 10 10 01
B A 10 10 01
エッジネットワーク
コアネットワーク
エッジネットワーク
宛先NW: X経由パス: B,C,D中継ポート: 01,10,10出力リンク: 01
X
ヘッダ解析部
p ビットn’ ビット
先頭からn’ビットを読み飛ばす,その次のpビットのみ解析し転送
先ポートを決定
n ビット
p ビット
(複製)
パケット開始を認識するためのプリアンブル
次ノードにおける経路情報の読み出し位置
n’ ビット
スイッチング部
p ビット遅延
ペイロード経路情報廃棄領域
n ビットn’ ビット
(プリアンブル)(経路情報+ペイロード)経路情報レコード
28
100Tbps-Class Photonic Node
• Nano-second switching capability for optical burst handling• Multiple granularity switching node up to waveband for throughput expansion• Architecture and networking of photonic NW with multiple switching granularity
100Tbps-Class Photonic Node
• Nano-second switching capability for optical burst handling• Multiple granularity switching node up to waveband for throughput expansion• Architecture and networking of photonic NW with multiple switching granularity
Grouped
wavele
ngth
path
Wavelength path
100 Tbps Class
photonic routerOptical sw with multiple granularity
WavelengthSW
Waveband SW
PAD
WDM
Architecture and networking of photonic NW with multiple granularity nodes
Grouped wavelengthpath network
Nano-second optical switching
WDM
Grouped wavelength (wave-band) path switching node
PAD: Payload Assembly Disassembly
IP/MPLS router
29
Optical RAM for all-optical packet switchingOptoelectricpacket router
Electric router All-optical packet routerCisco CRS-1
1000 kW80 shelves
Figu
re o
f Mer
it
1
2005 2010 2015
Power consumption
Data transparency
Size
13 kW10 shelves
3 kW2 shelves
0
Pwr consumption of telecom:7.4億teraWh, Growth rate : +5%/yr. 1/300
1/40
Scheduler
Buffer SwitchLabelProc. Photonic crystal bit memory
Sensor, RFID
Integration of Real Worldand Virtual World
Ubiquitous Society will be established on the integrated world.
Virtual World
Real World
Data Service
Network
Integrated
World
30
31
e - Coaching
Ex.Cold weather:
Let’s warm up for 10 minutesLow pulse rate::
Try harder, bring your pace upWalking form:
Watch your motion, keep it steady
PC
Dial
SensorSpeaher
32
2K vs 4K K : 1K=1024 Pixel2K=20484K=4096
=1920×1080
テレビ
【テレビの画素数】
=720×483
テレビ(ハイビジョン放送)
【デジタルシネマの画素数】
=2048×1080(2K)
=4096×2160(4K)
30 frames/s Interlace 24 frames/s Progressive
Japan USA
LA
SeattleTokyo
YokosukaOsaka
Burbank
Production StudioCinema Theater
Local Distribution Center
Global Distribution
Center
CompressionEncryptionKey Center
1Gb/s IP
Link
Structure of the 4K Pure Cinema Trial 33
Source: NTT
34
“4K Pure Cinema” Prototype In-Theater System
(In the projection room of VIRGIN TOHO CINEMAS)
4K Projector
SecureMedia Box
(SMB)
TheaterControl Box
(TCB)
Corpse BrideHarry Potter 4V for VendettaDaVinci Code
PoseidenMission
Impossible 3+
Tokyo Film Festival
Batman BeginsStealth
Source: NTT
35
World first experiment:Switch of non-compressed 4K image
contents over wavelength paths• IP streaming image from Keio Unv.
– 4KCamera(30fps) shooting
• IP Streaming image from NTT R&D Center– 4K digital cinema contents(24fps)
JGN2 Symposium in Sendai, January 2006
36
OptIPuter 100 MegaPixel Displays
55-Panel Display 100 Megapixels
30 x 10GE interfaces1/3 Tera bit/sec
Driven by 30 unit Cluster of 64 bit Dual Opterons
60 TB Disk
Linked to OptIPuter
Working with NASA ARC HyperwallTeam to Unify Software
Source: Jason Leigh, Tom DeFanti, EVL@UIC
37
World First 4K Digital Cinema Prototype SystemVertical scan lines 2000 LinesHorizontal pixels 4000 Pixels(4K)
Developed in 2001
D-ILA 4K Projector
JPEG2000 Real Time Decoder
Source: NTT Labs.
38
Distant lecture showing the Gutenberg Bible with the 4K digital camera
iGrid2005 held on September 26, 2005
Keio University
In Tokyo to UC
San Diego
Gutenberg Bible
4K digital camera
39Combined 4K image of a car-race game using 4 PS3 game machines
40Network Structure of a car-race game with 4 PS3
41
GLIF:Global Lambda Integrated Facility