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© 2013: Smarter Grid Solutions Ltd. (SC344695). All rights reserved.
New Architectures: Centralised vs Decentralised Systems
Euan Davidson
ACUMEN 2014, Belfast, 3rd March 2014
© 2013: Smarter Grid Solutions Ltd. (SC344695). All rights reserved.
© 2013: Smarter Grid Solutions Ltd. (SC344695). All rights reserved.
From the Smart GridArchitecture Model…
Generation
© 2013: Smarter Grid Solutions Ltd. (SC344695). All rights reserved.
Storage
DER
DER
DER
NewLoads
Comms
VPP
© 2013: Smarter Grid Solutions Ltd. (SC344695). All rights reserved.
Centralised vs Decentralised Systems
What functionality is required?&
Where should it reside?
© 2013: Smarter Grid Solutions Ltd. (SC344695). All rights reserved.
Challenges:
• Brown Field Site
• Networks aren’t all the same
• A new pace of change
• Uncertainty and need for flexibility
• The requirement for repeatable ‘standard’ solutions
• … and a way of integrating those solutions
© 2013: Smarter Grid Solutions Ltd. (SC344695). All rights reserved.
Researchon
Architectures
© 2013: Smarter Grid Solutions Ltd. (SC344695). All rights reserved.
© 2013: Smarter Grid Solutions Ltd. (SC344695). All rights reserved.
© 2013: Smarter Grid Solutions Ltd. (SC344695). All rights reserved.
Active NetworkManagement
© 2013: Smarter Grid Solutions Ltd. (SC344695). All rights reserved.
Commitment to a particular technology/technique:
Commitment to an architectural philosophy:
From the ground up….
Start with the power systems problem…
e.g. Peer-to-Peer or Nearest Neighbour Communications…Hub and spoke… Cell Concept
e.g. Multi-agent Systems…
Control problems cast as optimisation…
© 2013: Smarter Grid Solutions Ltd. (SC344695). All rights reserved.
© 2013: Smarter Grid Solutions Ltd. (SC344695). All rights reserved.
AuRA-NMS
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`
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AcceleratingRenewableConnections
www.arc-project.com
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ANM-enabledGrid Supply Point
ANM-enabledGrid Supply Point
ANM-enabledGrid Supply Point
© 2013: Smarter Grid Solutions Ltd. (SC344695). All rights reserved.16
Circuit Rating:
Summer: 90MVA
Spring/Autumn: 100MVA
Winter: 110MVA
Wind Farm A
48 MW
132/33kV
60MVA
GSP
Wind Farm B
62.5 MW
132/33kV
60MVA
Max Demand: 36.5MW
Min Demand: ~10MW
Overload
Tripping
Scheme
Circuit Rating:
Summer: 90MVA
Spring/Autumn: 100MVA
Winter: 110MVA
New EFW
27.5MW
Export Capacity Exceeded during low demand/max output
© 2013: Smarter Grid Solutions Ltd. (SC344695). All rights reserved.
Reinforcement Options
Circuit Rating:
Summer: 90MVA
Spring/Autumn: 100MVA
Winter: 110MVA
Wind Farm A
48 MW
132/33kV
90MVA
GSP
Wind Farm B
62.5 MW
132/33kV
90MVA
Max Demand: 36.5MW
Min Demand: ~10MW
Overload
Tripping
Scheme
Circuit Rating:
Summer: 90MVA
Spring/Autumn: 100MVA
Winter: 110MVA
New EFW
27.5MW
Transformer Replacement
© 2013: Smarter Grid Solutions Ltd. (SC344695). All rights reserved.
Reinforcement Options
Circuit Rating:
Summer: 160MVA
132/33kV
60MVA
GSP A Board
Wind Farm B
62.5 MW
132/33kV
60MVA
50% Existing Demand
Circuit Rating:
Summer: 160MVA
Wind Farm A
48MW
New EFW
27.5MW50% Existing Demand
GSP B Board
132/33kV
90MVA
Additional Transformers+
Reinforcement of 132kV
© 2013: Smarter Grid Solutions Ltd. (SC344695). All rights reserved.
Circuit Rating:
Summer: 90MVA
Spring/Autumn: 100MVA
Winter: 110MVA
Wind Farm A
48 MW
132/33kV
60MVA
GSP
Wind Farm B
62.5 MW
132/33kV
60MVA
Max Demand: 36.5MW
Min Demand: ~10MW
Overload
Tripping
Scheme
Circuit Rating:
Summer: 90MVA
Spring/Autumn: 100MVA
Winter: 110MVA
New EFW
27.5MW
Existing Comms
DNP3
DNP3
DNP3/ICCP
ANM Alternative
© 2013: Smarter Grid Solutions Ltd. (SC344695). All rights reserved.
© 2013: Smarter Grid Solutions Ltd. (SC344695). All rights reserved.
© 2013: Smarter Grid Solutions Ltd. (SC344695). All rights reserved.
Stakeholders in ARC
DNO
Developer Community Developer
Community Load
SO TNO
© 2013: Smarter Grid Solutions Ltd. (SC344695). All rights reserved.
To sum up…
Demonstration activities around the world are providing us with a ‘proven’ set of tools/techniques/systems/commercial arrangements.
The next challenge is defining the architectures that bring these tools/techniques/systems/commercial arrangements together
There is a growing base of ideas on technical and commercial architectures.
© 2013: Smarter Grid Solutions Ltd. (SC344695). All rights reserved.
www.smartergridsolutions.com