New Jersey · PDF fileRett Campbell EWING TOWNSHIP Janet Clark TEWKSBURY TOWNSHIP ......

A Blueprint

for Building

Historic Preservation

into New Jersey’s Future

2002 - 2007

New Jersey Partners for Preservation:

New Jersey is an Equal Opportunity EmployerRecycled Paper

James E. McGreeveyGovernor

Bradley M. CampbellCommissionerDepartment of Environmental Protection

P.O. Box 404Trenton, NJ 08625-0402

September 20, 2002

Dear New Jersey Citizen:

Under Governor James E. McGreevey’s smart growth initiatives, New Jersey is actively pursuingthe revitalization of the state’s urban areas and encouraging the preservation of historic resourcesand open space. Along with economic development and community revitalization, historic preser-vation in our urban, suburban and rural areas is an essential element of promoting livablecommunities in New Jersey.

I am pleased to present you with New Jersey Partners for Preservation: A Blueprint for BuildingHistoric Preservation into New Jersey’s Future. This document is also known as the New JerseyHistoric Preservation Plan and will be in effect from 2002 to 2007.

Over the past year, the New Jersey Historic Preservation Office, Preservation New Jersey, and ahost of advisors have worked diligently to complete this plan, which is intended to guide not onlythe New Jersey Historic Preservation Office in the Department of Environmental Protection, butalso to provide direction to state, county, and local government agencies and to private organiza-tions and individuals in their efforts to protect and to preserve New Jersey’s rich and diversehistory.

Faced with many challenges in our efforts to preserve the state’s environment, I believe this plan,in conjunction with the New Jersey State Plan and smart growth principles, will enhance ourefforts to preserve New Jersey’s important historic and archeological resources and to promote livable communities throughout the Garden State.

Sincerely,

Bradley M. CampbellCommissioner

Executive Summary ........................vii

A New Vision for HistoricPreservation in New Jersey

What Citizens Had to Say..........................................2

The Vision ..................................................................2

A Strong Beginning....................................................3

A New Five-Year Plan................................................4

What We Are Trying to Preserve

Historic Places ............................................................5

Stories from the Past ..................................................7

Quality of Life ............................................................8

A Spotlight on Success

Recent Policy and Funding Successes ....................9

Individual Success Stories from Around the State ........................................................10

Realizing the Vision

Goal #1:Make historic preservation an integral part of local and regional planning and decision-making to enhance the attractiveness and quality of life in New Jersey communities. ....................................................................15

Goal #2: Use historic preservation as a catalyst to strengthen New Jersey’s state and local economies.................................18

Table of Contents

1

5

9

15

27

37

41

47

29

39

Goal #3:Expand understanding and appreciation of history and historic preservation among New Jersey citizens, elected officials, students, and organizations across the state.............20

Goal #4: Become a national leader in stewardship of publicly owned historic and cultural resources...................................22

Goal #5: Provide the financial resources and incentives necessaryto advance historic preservation in New Jersey. ....................24

How You Can Help

New Jersey Historic Preservation Community

Bibliography

PHOTO CREDITS

Appendix A

Historic Preservation Legislation

Appendix B

NJ State Plan

Appendix C

Speak Out Summary

51

H i s t o r i c

p r e s e r v a t i o n

is not a luxury for

the few, it is at the very

heart of making

New Jersey a place

our children and

grandchildren will want

to live for generations

to come.

It is about saving the buildings, neighborhoods, and

landscapes that give New Jersey its special character.

It is about conserving the state’s natural resources by

investing in existing communities. It is about creating

jobs and tax revenues for the state and its localities.

This plan is for everyone who cares about the future of

New Jersey and the well-being of all its citizens. If

that includes you, read on!

PREFACEDid you know?

…historic preservation pours more than half a billion

dollars into the New Jersey economy, producing over

$260 million a year in income for New Jerseyans and over $120 million

a year in property taxes.

…the Wood Street Housing Project in Trenton,

New Jersey, used Low Income Housing Tax Credits,

a New Jersey Housing Mortgage Finance Agency

loan, and funds from a variety of other public and pri-

vate sources, including historic preservation tax

credits to t r a n s f o r m a collection

of 19th century industrial, commercial and

residential buildings into Attractive

affordable housing.

…small towns and cities participating in the Main

Street New Jersey program have seen o v e r

$190 million in physical reinvestment and a net

gain of 3,000 jobs through preservation

based economic development.

…developers restoring the National Newark andEssex Banking Company Building in Newarkreceived over $8 million i nHistoric Preservation TaxCredits to restore this building as part of abroader public-private partnership to revitalizedowntown Newark.

Wood Street Housing Project,Trenton

National Newark & Essex Banking Company Building

Barry Brady PINELANDS COMMISSION

Tim Brill FARMLAND PRESERVATION

Al Buchan NJ HISTORIC SITES COUNCIL

Michele Byers NJ CONSERVATION FOUNDATION

Susan Coen ASSOC. OF COUNTY CULTURAL &HERITAGE COMMISSIONS

David A. Cowell ADVOCATES FOR NJ HISTORY

Michael J. Darcy NJ STATE LEAGUE OF

David Harkness MUNICIPALITIES

Dennis Davidson GREEN ACRES PROGRAM

Fawn McGee

Joseph Doyle NJ PLANNING OFFICIALS

Sally Dudley ASSOC. OF NJ ENVIRONMENTAL

COMMISSIONS

Miriam Crum NJ DEPT. OF TRANSPORTATION

Andras Fekete

William Foelsch NJ RECREATION & PARKS ASSOC.

Edward Fox NJ OFFICE OF STATE

Carlos Rodrigues PLANNING

Jessica Sanchez

Felipe Gorostiza RUTGERS UNIVERSITY (CAMDEN)

Howard Green NJ HISTORICAL COMMISSION

James Hall PALISADES INTERSTATE PARK

Marion Harris MORRIS CO. TRUST FOR HISTORIC

PRESERVATION

Special thanks go to the following individuals and organizations who participated in the development of this plan.

NEW JERSEY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN ADVISORS

Harriette Hawkins NJ HISTORIC TRUST

Wes Haynes

Philetus Holt NJ STATE REVIEW BOARD FOR

HISTORIC SITES

Pat Huizing PRESERVATION NEW JERSEY

Steve Klint NJ ASSOCIATION OF MUSEUMS

Barbara L. Lawrence NJ FUTURE

Richard Mariani NEW JERSEY TRANSIT

Nick Marton

Christine Marion NJ COUNTY PLANNERS

Anne Bowman ASSOCIATION

Gregory Marshall NJ DIVISION OF PARKS &Paul Taylor FORESTRY

Michael Mills NJ AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF

ARCHITECTS

Alan Mounier ARCHEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF NJ

Susan Morgan WARREN CO. CULTURAL &HERITAGE COMMISSION

Clayton S. Pierce FANWOOD DOWNTOWN

REVITALIZATION

David Pifer UPPER RARITAN WATERSHED

ASSOCIATION

Charles S. Prestopine LIVING HISTORY COUNCIL

Jim Raleigh LEAGUE OF HISTORICAL SOCIETIES

OF NJ

Gregory Romano STATE AGRICULTURE DEVELOPMENT

COMMISSION

iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

iv

Terry Schrider DCA, NEIGHBORHOOD

PRESERVATION PROGRAM

Janet Sheridan PRESERVATION SALEM

Paul Stridick MAIN STREET NEW JERSEY

Jef R. Buehler

Lorraine Williams NJ STATE MUSEUM

Nancy Wittenberg NJ BUILDERS ASSOCIATION

Janet Wolfe NJ COASTAL HERITAGE TRAIL

John Wright DELAWARE WATER GAP

William Laitner NATIONAL RECREATION AREA

Sally Yerkovich NJ HISTORICAL SOCIETY

David Blackwell HOPEWELL TOWNSHIP

Maynett Breithaupt PRINCETON TOWNSHIP

Rett Campbell EWING TOWNSHIP

Janet Clark TEWKSBURY TOWNSHIP

Amelia Eversmeyer MT. HOLLY TOWNSHIP

Paul Fawcett PLAINFIELD CITY

Keith Haberern COLLINGSWOOD BOROUGH

Joseph Hannan Jr. POMPTON LAKES BOROUGH

Tina Hoffmann BERLIN BOROUGH

Roy Schmidt

Robert Hunter HADDON HEIGHTS BOROUGH

Michael Jacobs WEST ORANGE TOWNSHIP

Stanley Kramer WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP

Eileen Stokes (MORRIS CO.)

Lewis Loughlin III CAPE MAY CITY

Jerry Mosier MONTCLAIR TOWNSHIp

David Munn GLOUCESTER CITY

Dolores O’Brien FANWOOD BOROUGH

Ceasar Ocosta PATERSON CITY

Herbert Otten TEANECK TOWNSHIP

John M. Payne GLEN RIDGE BOROUGH

Paul Showers HARRISON TOWNSHIP

Raymond Storm NEWTON TOWNSHIP

Mary Lou Strong MIDDLETOWN TOWNSHIP

Celia Tazelaar PRINCETON BOROUGH

Edward Teitelman CAMDEN CITY

James VanHooker WEST MILFORD TOWNSHIP

Elise Vider HADDONFIELD BOROUGH

Roger C. Winkle NORTH PLAINFIELD BORO

Susan Winter FREEHOLD TOWNSHIP

Douglas Winterich BURLINGTON CITY

NEW JERSEY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN ADVISORS(continued)

CERTIFIED LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADVISORS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

v

Dorothy P. Guzzo, ADMINISTRATOR AND DEPUTYSTATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION

OFFICER

Linda Karschner, SECRETARIAL ASSISTANT III

Registration.Transportation,

& Planning SectionTerry Karschner SUPERVISING HISTORIC

PRESERVATION SPECIALIST

Eileen Shields PRINCIPAL CLERK TYPIST

Robert Craig PRINCIPAL HISTORICPRESERVATION SPECIALIST

Charles Scott PRINCIPAL HISTORICPRESERVATION SPECIALIST

Andrea Tingey PRINCIPAL HISTORICPRESERVATION SPECIALIST

Steve Hardegen SENIOR HISTORIC


Sara Andre HISTORIC PRESERVATION

SPECIALIST

Dara Callender NJ TRANSIT SPECIALIST

Marianne Walsh NJ TRANSIT SPECIALIST

Technical Information & Regulatory

Services SectionJudith Abramsohn SENIOR CLERK TYPIST

Deborah Fimbel PRINCIPAL HISTORIC


Michael Gregg PRINCIPAL HISTORIC


Daniel Saunders PRINCIPAL HISTORIC


Kurt Leasure SENIOR HISTORIC PRESERVATION

SPECIALIST

Meghan MacWilliams Baratta SENIOR HISTORIC PRESERVATION

SPECIALIST

Kate Marcopul SENIOR HISTORIC PRESERVATION

SPECIALIST

Preservation Programs,Grants & Publications

George Chidley ADMINISTRATIVE ANALYST II

Genny Guzman ADMINISTRATIVE ASSISTANT III

Linda Mihavetz GRAPHIC ARTIST

Kinney Clark PRINCIPAL HISTORIC


Susan Pringle SENIOR HISTORIC PRESERVATIONSPECIALIST

HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICE

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSPROJECT CONSULTANT

Elizabeth B. WatersCHARLOTTESVILLE, VA

Executiveis a blueprint for

historic preservation in

New Jersey. It is the

product of a year- l o n g

e ffort, led by the

New Jersey Historic

Preservation Office and

Preservation New Jersey,

to bring together agencies,

organizations and individ-

uals from across the state

to talk about how historic

preservation can con-

tribute to improving

the quality of life of

New Jersey’s citizens. It is

not a plan for one agency

or organization, but is

intended to enlist the sup-

port of everyone in the

state who believes historic

preservation should play

an important role in the

growth and development

of New Jersey’s communi-

ties in the 21st century.

N E W J E R S E YPartners for Preservation

Summary

during this statewide dialogue wasWhat became clear

that New Jersey citizens care deeply about the places,cultures and traditions that make up New Jersey’s past.They are alarmed by the loss of farmland and open spacearound the state, the villages being overwhelmed bysprawl, and the historic resources being demolished tomake way for new development. New Jersey’s citizensbelieve limited information about the nature and locationof heritage resources, lack of state-level financial incen-tives to encourage private investment in preservation andlimited understanding about the civic, economic and cul-tural values of heritage resources pose significant threatsto preserving the character of their communities andtheir quality of life.

New Jersey Partners for Preserv a t i o ndescribes a new and broader vision for historic preserva-tion in New Jersey. It describes the historic resourcesthat people told us are most important to preserve. Ithighlights recent preservation policy, program and proj-ect successes in New Jersey, and it outlines the kinds ofactions needed to make the new vision for historicpreservation a reality.

vii

The Vision

N E W J E R S E YP a rtners for Preserv a t i o n

a broad, inclusive movement that identifies and interpretssites and events associated with all people who have contributed to making New Jersey what it is today;

an essential tool for revitalizing our towns and cities andpreserving our countryside;

an important source of jobs, income and tax revenues;

an important way to understand how diverse peoples and cultures have come together to create the society

we know today; and

a source of identity and continuity as we move forward into the future.

offers a vision of

OFFERS A VISION

OF NEW JERSEY AS

A PLACE WHERE

EFFECTIVE PUBLIC

POLICIES AND

sustainable

FUNDING SUPPORT

PUBLIC-PRIVATE

PARTNERSHIPS TO

IDENTIFY, RESTORE

AND USE THE

STATE’S RICH

historic inheritance

FOR THE BENEFIT OF

FUTURE

GENERATIONS.

ithistoric preservation as:

viii

James Rose Garden, Ridgewood

The James Rose House & Garden, Ridgewood is the seminal work ofJames Rose, considered the founder of Modern American LandscapeArchitecture. It’s recognition as a significant historic resource achievesGoal 3 by expanding understanding and appreciation of New Jersey’smore recent history.

When they were askedwhat was most important to preserve, participants in the

planning process said they value the historic houses,

main streets, neighborhoods, farms and industrial

sites that give New Jersey communities their

distinctive character and identity. They value archaeolog-

ical sites for what they teach about the past. They value

stories about people and events and want these stories

preserved, interpreted and passed down. Perhaps

most important, participants said they value

historic preservation for what it contributes to their

quality of life. New Jersey Partners for

Preservation recognizes New Jersey’s rich store of

historic places, stories and landscapes and proposes they

be preserved and woven into the fabric of daily life in

New Jersey for generations to come.

What Needsto be preserved

ASpotlight onSuccess

New Jersey has taken steps to ensure the continuationand growth of these benefits. The New Jersey StateDevelopment and Redevelopment Plan calls for thepreservation of historic, cultural, and scenic resourcesas an important way to create attractive, prosperous,and livable cities and towns while saving New Jersey’srural landscape. The Garden State Preservation Trust,created in 1999, has dedicated $98 million a year toopen space acquisition and historic preservation overthe next ten years and authorizes the issuance of up to$1 billion in revenue bonds for these purposes. In itsfirst two years, New Jersey’s award winningRehabilitation Sub-code led to a 60% increase in theamount of money invested in building renovation inthe state’s 16 largest cities. In 2000, New Jersey committed $4 million per year to provide general operating support for history, preservation, and cultural organizations. And the state’s Main Street,Certified Local Government, and Federal PreservationInvestment Tax Credit Programs help advance preservation activities as evidenced by countless individual preservation success stories around thestate.

P r e s e rvation alreadypours more than half a billion dollars into the

New Jersey economy, including more than $120 mil-lion for improving historic buildings and over

$400 million from heritage tourism spending. It gener-

ates over $260 million a year in income for New

Jerseyans and $120 million annually in property taxes,

making it a significant contributor to the state’s overall

economic well being.

ix

Trenton Cigar Factory

Rehabilitated in the 1980’s, the Trenton CigarFactory is one of Trenton’s most distinctive

and popular apartment complexes in the city.It is an example of Goal 2 in its use of his-toric preservation as a catalyst to strengthen

the local economy.

Grassy Sound, Cape May County

A fragile and extraordinary maritime historic resource, the preserva-tion of Grassy Sound presents a challenge and an opportunity to

achieve Goal 1 in making historic preservation an integral part oflocal, regional & state planning.

MAKE HISTORIC

PRESERVATION AN

INTEGRAL PART OF

LOCAL AND REGIONAL

PLANNING AND

DECISION-MAKING TO

ENHANCE THE

ATTRACTIVENESS AND

QUALITY OF LIFE IN

NEW JERSEY

COMMUNITIES.

Actions:✦ Increase the number of municipal governments that have historic preservation

elements in their master plans and preservation ordinances to implement thoseplans.

✦ Continue to develop municipal and county historic resource surveys.

✦ Increase the number of localities that participate in the Certified LocalGovernment Program and continue to strengthen the effectiveness of that program.

✦ Promote regional planning activities that incorporate historic preservation intobroad regional planning goals.

✦ Develop changes in the Municipal Land Use Law to ensure that municipalitieshave the tools necessary to preserve historic resources as part of the over-allplanning and development process.

1

USE HISTORIC

PRESERVATION

AS A CATALYST TO

STRENGTHEN

NEW JERSEY’S STATE

AND LOCAL

ECONOMIES.

Goal2 Actions:✦ Increase the number of communities participating in Main Street New Jersey to

revitalize downtowns and urban neighborhood commercial areas.

✦ Build on the state’s wealth of heritage tourism opportunities, working with awide range of partners at the local, state, and national levels.

✦ Promote urban redevelopment approaches that respect and build on the historiccharacter of existing buildings, neighborhoods, and commercial centers.

✦ Increase awareness and use of the state’s award-winning RehabilitationSubcode.

✦ Sustain recent efforts to make historic preservation regulatory review processesas efficient as possible at the local and state levels to allow projects to move forward in a timely manner without sacrificing the integrity of preservationreview processes.

RealizingThe Vision

Despite all these successes, serious commitment, investment

and hard work are needed for New Jersey to be truly effective in

preserving its heritage resources and capitalizing on their potential.

The following goals and actions are designed to move us toward our

vision for preservation as a vital part of economic, civic, and

cultural life in New Jersey.

x

Goal

Atlantic City Convention Hall

Restored to its original grandeur using historic preservation taxincentives, Atlantic City Convention Hall represents the success ofGoal 5, providing necessary financial incentives to preserve and

reuse Historic properties.

PROVIDE THE

FINANCIAL

RESOURCES AND

INCENTIVES

NECESSARY TO

ADVANCE HISTORIC

PRESERVATION IN

NEW JERSEY.

Goal5

BECOME A NATIONAL

LEADER IN

STEWARDSHIP OF

PUBLICLY OWNED

HISTORIC AND

CULTURAL

RESOURCES.

Goal4 Actions:✦ Develop an inventory of all state owned historic properties and strategies for the

preservation and productive use of these properties.

✦ Identify and protect publicly owned historic properties at the local level andkeep them in productive use.

✦ Stabilize and restore buildings on the New Jersey side of Ellis Island to com-plete the preservation and use of one of our nation’s most important historicsites.

✦ Develop public-private partnership models to show how historic propertiesacquired through the state’s open space acquisition programs can be preserved,used, or sold with permanent protections in place.

Actions:✦ Expand all funding and use of economic incentives available in New Jersey to

support historic preservation.

✦ Develop state-level financial incentives to promote the rehabilitation of privately owned commercial and residential historic properties.

✦ Encourage more local governments to adopt financial incentives to encouragepreservation and rehabilitation of historic properties.

✦ Allocate additional resources to develop a statewide inventory of historicresources that is integrated into the Department of Environmental Protections’Geographic Information System.

✦ Expand support for preservation planning and technical assistance at the locallevel.

✦ Identify dedicated sources of revenue to support the stabilization, restoration,interpretation, and re-use of state owned historic properties.

✦ Identify a stable source of funding to support enhanced interpretation at privately owned historic sites.

EXPAND

UNDERSTANDING

AND APPRECIATION

OF HISTORY AND HIS-TORIC PRESERVATION

AMONG NEW JERSEY

CITIZENS, ELECTED

OFFICIALS, STUDENTS,AND ORGANIZATIONS

ACROSS THE STATE.

Goal3 Actions:✦ Increase the visibility of historic preservation by highlighting success, stories,

attracting media attention to preservation issues, and increasing involvement inpreservation related activities.

✦ Promote the expansion of interpretive activities at publicly and privately oper-ated historic sites to tell a fuller story of New Jersey’s rich and complex history.

✦ Continue to build the statewide preservation non-profit network to strengthenadvocacy and outreach across the state.

✦ Provide conferences, workshops, and training materials to help municipal offi-cials, non-profits, and local citizens carry out local preservation responsibilities.

✦ Seek to have an historic preservation component included in the state’s corecurriculum standards and assessments mandated by the New JerseyDepartment of Education, and provide historic preservation materials for use byteachers and students.

✦ Nurture the development of future preservation professionals.

✦ Strengthen communication and cooperation among state-level history and preservation agencies and organizations to maximize effectiveness.

xi

1

InDecember 2000, the New Jersey HistoricPreservation Office and Preservation

New Jersey launched a process to produce a new five-year plan for historic preservation in New Jersey (2002 -2007). We wanted to learn what a cross section of stateand local leaders and concerned citizens thought wasmost important to preserve and why. We wanted toknow how these partners saw preservation fitting intobroader goals for New Jersey and what they thoughtneeded to be done to get preservation values betterintegrated into a wide range of state, local, and privatedecisions.

Our purpose was to develop a plan that would:

* offer a new vision for historic preservation;

* recommend goals and actions to realize the vision; and

* attract a broad range of partners to help implement the plan.

New Jersey Partners for Preservation buildson earlier preservation work, which was guided by thestate’s 1994 publication Preserving Historic New Jersey: An Action Agenda and the first for-mal historic preservation plan for the state approved in1996. But this plan is designed to go beyond theseefforts. It is not a plan for one agency or organization, itis a plan for everyone in the state who believes historic

preservation should play an important role in thegrowth and development of New Jersey communities inthe 21st century.

To create New Jersey Partners forPreservation, the Historic Preservation Office andPreservation New Jersey convened an AdvisoryCommittee that included representatives from state and local governments and private and non-profit organ-izations interested in preservation and the future ofNew Jersey’s communities to help develop the plan.The Advisory Committee met three times betweenDecember 2000 and October 2001. They set visionsand goals for the plan, identified ways to link preserva-tion to other major state initiatives and organizations,and provided advice on plan implementation. In addi-tion to relying on the Advisory Committee to guide theover-all process, the Historic Preservation Office andPreservation New Jersey met with citizens across thestate to find out what they most want to see preservedand what they thought was needed to accomplish this.A two-page questionnaire was circulated and returnedby over 500 people. Four public meetings were heldduring Spring 2001 in Paterson, Newton, Manalapan,and Collingswood. A separate meeting was held for rep-resentatives of organizations with a particular interest inrevitalizing New Jersey’s urban areas.

A New Vision for

Historic Preservationin New Jersey

2

What Citizens Had to Say

The discussions and questionnaires made it clearthat many New Jersey citizens care deeply about

the places, cultures, and traditions that make up New Jersey’s past. They identified several major reasons why preservation is important to them:

♦ Preservation helps maintain character, humanscale, and a sense of place in New Jersey’scities, towns, and countryside as populationand development patterns change dramaticallyacross the state.

♦ Preservation makes economic sense for NewJersey. It creates jobs, generates state and localtax revenue, and builds on investments alreadymade in existing buildings and infrastructure,often in urban parts of the state.

♦ Preservation provides important learningopportunities for New Jersey citizens and visi-tors. Knowledge of the past providesperspective on the present and offers guidancefor the future.

In talking about the future of preservation in New Jersey, citizens told us they are alarmed by theloss of farmland and open space, villages being over-whelmed by sprawl, and historic landmarks beingdemolished to make way for new development. Theyidentified what they consider the greatest threats toheritage preservation in New Jersey:

♦ Lack of knowledge and understanding aboutthe nature and location of historic resourcesmakes it difficult to affect planning and devel-opment decisions that respect and preserveNew Jersey’s heritage.

♦ Limited financial incentives to promote invest-ment in historic properties discourages privateowners and developers from undertakingpreservation projects, resulting in demolition orneglect of thousands of historic buildings andstructures.

* Limited understanding about the civic, eco-nomic, and cultural values of heritage resourceson the part of broad segments of the popula-tion, including many elected and appointedofficials, means historic buildings, farms, andlandscapes are being destroyed by develop-ment and redevelopment activities that fail totake preservation values into account.

Those who participated in the planning process saidthere are many things New Jersey needs to do to pro-tect its heritage resources and realize their potential asbuilding blocks for the future. They said first and fore-most New Jersey needs to:

♦ incorporate historic preservation into all stateand local planning activities;

♦ develop state and local financial incentives tostimulate private investment in rehabilitatinghistoric structures;

♦ conduct education and outreach to expandunderstanding and appreciation of the contri-butions preservation can make to the New Jersey economy and its communities; and

♦ strengthen preservation advocacy to create astrong, centralized voice that supports preserva-tion policies, funding, and activities.

The Vision

What has emerged from the year-long planningprocess is a new vision for historic preservation

in New Jersey.

It is a vision of historic preservation as:

♦ a broad, inclusive movement that identifies andinterprets important sites and events associatedwith all people who have contributed to thephysical fabric, culture, and economy of thisstate;

3

♦ an essential tool for revitalizing New Jerseycities, towns, and neighborhoods, and savingNew Jersey’s countryside;

♦ an important source of jobs, income, and taxrevenues for New Jersey citizens and theircommunities;

♦ an important way to understand how diversepeoples and cultures have come together tocreate the society we know today;

♦ a source of identity and continuity as we moveinto the future.

It is a vision of New Jersey as a place where effectivepublic policies and sustainable funding support public-private partnerships to identify, restore and use thestate’s rich historic inheritance for the benefit of futuregenerations.

A Strong Beginning

Many things are already in place to help makethis vision a reality. Historic preservation is a

multi-million dollar business that makes major contri–butions to New Jersey’s economy. A report prepared by the Center for Urban Policy Research at Rutgers in1998 indicated that historic preservation was pouringmore than half a billion dollars a year into the New Jersey economy. It was generating more than $120 million in improving historic buildings, over $400 million in heritage tourism spending, and morethan $25 million in spending by historic sites and organ-izations. At the time the study was done, historicpreservation was providing over $260 million a year inincome for New Jersey residents and $120 million annu-ally in property taxes. Preservation projects andactivities in communities across the state bear witnessto the important role preservation plays in New Jersey’seconomy.

Historic preservation is also central to realizing New Jersey’s stated goals of creating thriving cities andtowns and preserving farmland and open space. The New Jersey State Development andRedevelopment Plan adopted in March 2001 says:

Maintenance and revitalization of existing communitiesshould be our first priority after mitigating life threat-ening and emergent threats to public health and safety.Our existing communities have physical assets, humanresources, and social traditions that are irreplaceable.Our social responsibility and fiscal resources do notallow us to continue to abandon land, buildings, andneighborhoods and communities. Revitalizing ourexisting communities reduces pressures to developfarmland and environmentally sensitive lands.

Many of the goals, strategies, and policies contained inthe State Plan call for urban revitalization, preservationof farmland and open space, provision of affordablehousing, and the protection, enhancement and whereappropriate rehabilitation of historic, cultural, and sce-nic resources.

The New Jersey History Plan, prepared by The Advocates for New Jersey History, recommendslocal governments adopt historic preservation ordi-nances, encourage historic preservation through tax andother incentives for property owners, and make a com-mitment to preserve all state-owned historic sites.Today, some 165 municipalities have historic preserva-tion commissions that designate and protect historicproperties and 33 municipalities have been designatedCertified Local Governments by the New JerseyHistoric Preservation Office. The Department ofEnvironmental Protection’s Green Acres Program estab-lished in 1961 provides grants and incentives for openspace and historic preservation at the state and locallevels. As of December 2000, 19 counties and 100municipalities had adopted some type of open space

preservation program and some of these include historicpreservation elements as well. A recent report entitledA Special Look at New Jersey’sTransportation System highlights New JerseyDOT’s efforts to restore historic bridges, protect New Jersey’s scenic by-ways, document and preservearchaeological treasures, and revitalize communitiesthrough transportation related improvements. And inApril 2001, business, civic, and environmental leaderswho came together to form “New Jersey Future”, releaseda report entitled Achieving Genuine Prosperity:20 Ways to Move New Jersey Toward a MoreProsperous Future, which supports managedgrowth, open space conservation, and historic preserva-tion.

These and many other activities underway make thetime ripe for an expanded commitment to historicpreservation in New Jersey.

A New 5-year Plan

Many public and private agencies and organiza-tions are working to advance historic

preservation in New Jersey. These include the NewJersey Historic Preservation Office in the Departmentof Environmental Protection, the New Jersey HistoricTrust and the New Jersey Historical Commission in theDepartment of State, the New Jersey Department ofCommunity Affairs and its Main Street New Jersey pro-gram, Preservation New Jersey, the state’s leadpreservation non-profit and many others.

New Jersey Partners for Preservation is theproduct of the combined input of the lead preservationagencies and organizations in the state, partner agenciesand organizations who have helped develop the planand the views of the hundreds of citizens who took thetime to participate in the process. It includes four majorsections:

What We Are Trying to Preserve

A Spotlight on Success

Realizing the Vision

How You Can Help

The plan represents a first step in what we hope will bea new era in preservation in New Jersey – an era thatembraces the new vision for what preservation is andcan become, an era characterized by a spirit of partner-ship and collaboration. We invite everyone who caresabout the future of our state and its communities to doall they can to advance the goals contained in this planand join us in making the new vision for historic preser-vation a reality.

Citizens who participated in the planning process saidthey value the historic landmarks, houses, main streets,neighborhoods, and farms that give New Jersey commu-nities their distinctive character and identity. Theyvalue archaeological sites for what they teach about thepast, and historic landscapes for their beauty and recre-ational and tourism potential. The following is asnapshot of New Jersey’s wealth of historic and culturalresources, the legacy preservationists across the state areattempting to preserve.

4

5

Historic Places

Houses. Historic houses in New Jersey reflect a widerange of styles and building materials from the earliestsettlements to the modern day. They include early loghouses in northern New Jersey, “pattern brick” housesin South Jersey, rowhouses in cities across the state, andmany other distinctive architectural styles and periods.Some, like the Ford Mansion in Morristown, servedas George Washington’s headquarters during the winters of 1779 and 1780; Craftsman Farms, home of Gustav Stickley, a key figure in the American Arts andCrafts movement in the early 1900s; and the BottoHouse in Passaic County, site of labor union rallies dur-ing the Paterson Silk Strike of 1913 are associated withimportant people and events. All have valuable storiesto tell about the times in which they were built and thelives of the people who lived there and they are integralparts of the communities we inhabit today.

Neighborhoods and Communities. The historicneighborhoods and main streets of New Jersey’s citiesand towns reflect the diverse racial and ethnic groupswho have migrated to live, work, and raise families inplaces like Trenton, Salem, Englewood, Bridgeton,Newark, and Gloucester City. Revitalizing historicurban neighborhoods are critical to New Jersey’s effortsto achieve sustainable growth and simultaneously pre-serve open space. The variety of architectural detail,mixture of uses, and human scale they provide are a

model for the design of new communities today. NewJersey is still home to many traditional villages and fromthe time of its first “utopian” community built near RedBank in 1843, the state has played an important role inthe building of model communities in this country. TheState is known for the rich store of historic shore com-munities that line the coast. New Jersey’s historicneighborhoods and towns are important not just forwhat they can teach us about the past, but for the con-tributions they can make to the attractiveness andlivability of our communities as they grow and change.

Farms and Landscapes. From the time NativeAmericans worked the land to the present, farming hasbeen an important part of the New Jersey economy andthe state’s agricultural heritage continues to play anessential role in the character of the New Jersey land-scape. The Dutch barns of northern New Jersey,the fields and farmsteads of central and southern New Jersey, and important sites like Whitesbog Villagewhere cranberry agriculture began in 1857, tell the storyof generations of New Jersey residents who have farmedthe land. In addition to its fields and farms, New Jerseyhas a wealth of other historic landscapes. From theRevolutionary War battlefields at Trenton, Princetonand Monmouth, to the historic parks, cemeteries, gar-dens and formal designed landscapes found across thestate, New Jersey’s historic landscapes comprise one ofthe most valued parts of our cultural legacy and con-tribute to its identity as the Garden State.

What

We are TryingTo Preserve

6

Industrial Sites. By the 1800s, New Jersey was atthe forefront of the industrial revolution in the UnitedStates. Its strategic location between the cities of New York and Philadelphia led to the development ofone of the nation’s most advanced transportation sys-tems. New Jersey’s roads, steamboats, railroads andcanals were built to carry manufactured goods and peo-ple to the large markets to the north and south. Historicroadways crisscross the state. The first American rail-road, created in Hoboken in 1812, was soon expandedinto a network of railways that had few equals. Paterson,founded as the nation’s first industrial city in 1791, givestestimony to the kinds of major industrial districts thatdeveloped in most New Jersey cities. Sites like theRoebling complex in Trenton, New York ShipbuildingCompany in Camden, the Edison Storage and BatteryCompany in West Orange, and the Rogers Locomotivebuilding in Paterson help tell the story of New Jersey’srole in the Industrial Revolution, while offering sites fornew commercial, governmental and residential usestoday. Other sites bear witness to New Jersey’s role asthe birthplace of the modern global chemical, electricaland communication industries.

Public Buildings. The New Jersey State House inTrenton; Boxwood Hall in Elizabeth; Dunham’s GristMill, now the Hunterdon County Arts Center; andVentnor City Hall, are examples of the many publicbuildings that represent important eras in the state’s his-tory. The Hudson County Courthouse in Jersey Cityand the early 19th century Greek Revival Courthouse inSussex County are representative of the large number ofhistoric courthouses located throughout the state.Brainerd School in Mount Holly, the FairviewSchoolhouse in Warren County, and Landis High Schoolin Vineland, exemplify the state’s variety of historicschools. Many historic public buildings still function astreasured landmarks and their preservation is an impor-tant part of the stewardship responsibility of the stateand its localities.

Archaeological Sites. Some of New Jersey’s mostimportant history lies buried underground. As early as11,000 years ago, Native Americans lived in New Jersey,and as their population expanded they increasinglyoccupied locations throughout the state, especially alongNew Jersey’s rivers and streams. Native American com-munities, residences, and activity areas are importanttypes of archaeological sites found in every countyacross the state. New Jersey’s archaeological resourcesalso include thousands of sites associated with historiccommunities, farmsteads, industrial properties andunderwater maritime sites. However, the vast majorityof New Jersey’s archaeological sites are yet to be identi-fied because they are rarely visible at the groundsurface. These sites provide one of the best sources ofinformation about the evolution of New Jersey’s settle-ment patterns, economy and culture over time, a richcollection of underground stories waiting to be discov-ered.

20th Century Resources. At the start of a new century, it is important to identify and preserveresources that will tell the story of life in the last cen–tury. The 20th century was characterized by the arrivalof new waves of immigrants, movement of people out ofcities, increased dependence on the automobile, theintroduction of air travel, and the arrival of mass enter-tainment. In 1928, the first residents moved intoRadburn, New Jersey, the country’s first suburbdesigned around the exploding popularity of the auto-mobile. Movie theaters were built on main streets acrossthe state, diners and drive-in restaurants dotted thelandscape, resort hotels appeared along the coastline,and the first flights took off from Newark airport. Theseare but a few types of the historic resources emergingfrom New Jersey’s more recent past. It is important toidentify and interpret the best examples of this part ofNew Jersey’s cultural heritage.

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Stories from the Past

New Jersey has many important stories to pre-serve that tell about its people and places and

the important roles they have played in the history ofthis state and this country. There are stories about pre-history, and important individuals and events in thesocial, political, economic, and educational history of thestate. There are also a number of themes in New Jerseyhistory about which rich stories can be told.

The Forging of a Nation. As one of the originalthirteen colonies, New Jersey played an important rolein the founding and development of this nation. From1775 to 1783 New Jersey was at the center of criticalbattles and events in America’s War for Independence,with Washington’s army spending two long cold winterscamped in New Jersey. New Jersey’s delegation to thePhiladelphia Convention in 1787 is credited with pro-moting a form of government with representation basedon states rather than population, a concept that led tothe design of the United States Senate. Numerousproperties such as the Old Barracks in Trenton, LibertyHall in Elizabeth and the Hancock House in Salemhelp recount the stories of our nation’s founders. Somehundred years later, New Jersey was a border state dur-ing the Civil War, torn between the pull of theabolitionist north and the state’s rights south, but it sup-ported the Union war effort with money and troops andwas an important link in the underground railroad thattransported enslaved individuals to freedom.

Scientific and Cultural Revolutions.New Jersey has played significant roles in many aspectsof our nation’s scientific, social and cultural history.Thomas Edison, one of America’s most importantinventors, spent his most productive years in laborato-ries in West Orange. Pioneering work on

communications inventions and the development of avi-ation took place in New Jersey. The late 19th centurywomen’s rights advocate Elizabeth Cady Stanton who,in partnership with Susan B. Anthony, is credited withlaying the groundwork that secured women’s right tovote, lived and worked for twenty years in her home inTenafly. While Alice Paul, author of the Equal RightsAmendment, was born in Moorestown. During the 19thcentury, many communities along the New Jersey coastbecame popular tourist meccas, the first wave of whathas become one of the most popular forms of recreationin this country—the shore vacation. Lucy the Elephant,built in 1881, presides over Margate as a fancifulreminder of that era.

Strength in Diversity. New Jersey has alwaysbeen a melting pot of different cultures and peoples.The first residents were Native Americans who livedhere for thousands of years before the first Europeansarrived. Dutch, Swedish, German, English, Scotch Irish,and other Europeans arrived in large numbers to settlein New Jersey in the 1700s and 1800s, often livingamidst other cultures. African Americans have lived inNew Jersey since the 1700s and migrated in large num-bers in the years following the Civil War. The 19th and20th centuries saw many new waves of immigration,from Italians, Irish, and other Europeans to Cubans,South and Central Americans, Asians, Indians and oth-ers. They came to New Jersey primarily to make ahome and seek a better life. The stories of these differ-ent people and cultures give meaning to the historicbuildings, sites, and communities spread over the NewJersey landscape. They can also provide inspiration tonewly arrived residents from countries around the worldas they look to create new lives for themselves today.

8

Our Quality of Life

New Jersey’s historic places and stories areimportant to preserve for what they can teach us

about the past and for the light they shed on the pres-ent and on ways to build a better future. Preservationand enhancement of existing communities are central tothe concepts of sustainable development, environmen-tal protection, and strong urban centers that are at thecore of The New Jersey State Development andRedevelopment Plan. They are central to creating whatthe State Plan calls “places of enduring value” that offeran “exemplary quality of life” in communities acrossthe state. The new vision for historic preservation is onewhere New Jersey’s rich store of historic places, stories, and landscapes remains woven into the fabric ofdaily life in ways that contribute to these broader valuesand enhance the quality of life for New Jersey citizensfor generations to come.

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Recent Policy and Funding Successes

✦ New Jersey State Development andRedevelopment Plan. In March 2001, New Jersey adopted the revised New JerseyDevelopment and Redevelopment State Plan. It pro-vides a framework for planning and investment inNew Jersey communities designed to create attrac-tive, prosperous and livable cities and towns, whilepreserving New Jersey’s rural landscape, farmlandsand environmentally sensitive areas. It actively pro-motes the preservation of historic, cultural and scenicresources in its goals, strategies and statewide poli-cies.

✦ Garden State Preservation Trust Fund.The Garden State Preservation Trust, created in1999, provides $98 million a year dedicated to openspace acquisition and historic preservation over thenext ten years. It provides over $92 million per yearto preserve open space, farmland and cultural land-scapes through the Department of EnvironmentalProtection’s Green Acres Program and theDepartment of Agriculture’s Farmland PreservationProgram. It guarantees $6 million per year for a New Jersey Historic Preservation Trust Fund, admin-istered by the New Jersey Historic Trust in theDepartment of State, to restore New Jersey’s historicbuildings.

✦ The New Jersey Rehabilitation Sub-code.In 1998, New Jersey adopted a new RehabilitationSub-code that makes renovation of existing buildingssafer, cheaper, and easier. In its first two years ofimplementation, the total amount of money dedicat-ed to renovation in New Jersey’s 16 largest citiesincreased 60%—from $363.3 million in 1997 to $590million in 1999. In 1999, Harvard University’sKennedy School of Government gave the new“Rehab Code” an award as one of the most innova-tive government programs of 1999. The code is beingreplicated in many states across the country.

✦ Operating Support Grants for HistoryRelated Non-profits. In 2000, New Jersey committed $4 million per year to provide generaloperating support for museums, historical societies,preservation organizations, historic sites, libraries,and similar organizations, to fund research and edu-cational projects relating to New Jersey history. Thisfunding, administered by the New Jersey HistoricalCommission, is a major step forward in strengtheningNew Jersey’s history-related non-profit organizationsand developing new research, publications, and pro-gramming about New Jersey history.

✦ Federal Historic Preservation InvestmentTax Credits. The New Jersey HistoricPreservation Office administers the federal historic

A

SpotlightOn Success

10

preservation Investment Tax Credit Program thatprovides tax credits for owners of income-producingbuildings listed in the National Register of HistoricPlaces or within National Register Districts. If therehabilitation qualifies, owners can claim a tax creditof 20 percent of the total cost of the work. In 2000,38 projects representing over $115 million in preser-vation investment were underway through thisprogram in New Jersey.

✦ TEA-21 Enhancement Funds. The federalTransportation Equity Act for the 21st Century(TEA-21) makes millions of dollars available to New Jersey to fund transportation enhancement projects. These include acquisition of scenic ease-ments and historic sites, historic highway programs,and rehabilitation of historic structures and buildings,as well as many other activities. TEA-21 enhance-ment funds are the largest source of federal fundingavailable to support historic preservation activities inNew Jersey today.

✦ Certified Local Government Program. The New Jersey Certified Local GovernmentProgram, operated by the New Jersey HistoricPreservation Office, provides technical assistance and grants to local governments seeking to preservetheir historic resources. CLG grant funds are avail-able to the 33 local governments eligible to participate in the program.

✦ Preservation/TransportationPartnerships. The New Jersey HistoricPreservation Office has established strong links withthe New Jersey Department of Transportation andNew Jersey Transit. These partnerships enable thetransportation agencies to implement projects moreefficiently, while minimizing impacts on historicresources. In 1999, the New Jersey Department ofEnvironmental Protection and New Jersey DOT co-hosted a national conference on historic roads. Other

initiatives underway include the New Jersey HistoricRoadways Study, the New Jersey Historic BridgePreservation and Management Plan, a HistoricRailway Rights of Way evaluation and study, and context sensitive design training for agency staff.

Individual Success StoriesFrom Around Our State

In addition to these important policy and funding suc-cesses, there are examples all across the state of historicpreservation projects serving as catalysts for neighbor-hood and commercial revitalization and contributing tothe overall quality of life in New Jersey communities.

National Newark and Essex BankingCompany BuildingNewark, Essex County

The Newark and Essex Banking Company Buildingwas built in the early 1900s to house one of New Jersey’s most influential companies. The building is located within the Four Corners HistoricDistrict in downtown Newark. The listing of the FourCorners District in the New Jersey and NationalRegisters of Historic Places in 1999-2000 enabled the$44 million rehabilitation of this building to obtain anHistoric Preservation Investment Tax Credit worthover $8 million. A pivotal building within the FourCorners District, the National Newark and EssexBanking Company Building now provides commercialspace on the first and second floors and offices on theupper stories. This fully occupied building, roughly sixblocks from the New Jersey Performing Arts Center,demonstrates a strong corporate commitment to thecity of Newark and is a leading example of how historicpreservation can play a key role in helping to revitalizeNew Jersey’s major cities.

Hoboken TerminalHoboken, Hudson County

New Jersey Transit has made a multi-year commit-ment to restore the historic Hoboken Terminal. Thecurrent terminal and ferry complex was built in 1907 to

11

serve rail, ferry, streetcar, and subway passengers. Bythe early 1970s the terminal was suffering from years ofinappropriate changes and neglect. Concerned aboutthe future of the building, preservationists got it listedon the National Register of Historic Places in 1973. Inthe early 1990s the New Jersey Historic Trust awardedthe first of a series of major grants to New JerseyTransit to aid in the restoration of the terminal. Thenewly restored waiting room is the centerpiece of thiseffort. Work has included restoring the Tiffany stainedglass skylight, re-installing original chandeliers, repair-ing terrazzo floors, and replacing the newsstand, clock,and wooden benches. The waiting room is used by30,000 passengers every day and is a major step for-ward in restoring the Hoboken Terminal to its formerglory, while enabling it to serve the needs of its com-munity in the 21st century.

Atlantic City Convention HallAtlantic City, Atlantic County

With the construction of a new convention center inAtlantic City, preservationists worried about the fate ofthe historic Atlantic City Convention Hall located onthe city’s famous boardwalk. Without new uses to sus-tain it, there was concern this magnificent buildingwould become obsolete and fall to the wrecker’s ball.Fortunately, the New Jersey Sports & ExpositionAuthority responded with plans to turn the landmarkinto a minor league hockey arena by inserting a newseating bowl, while preserving important historic fea-tures. An updated version of the original lightingsystem was showcased during a convention celebratingThomas Edison’s achievements. The project cost over$85 million to complete and a $14 million federalHistoric Preservation Investment Tax Credit helpedmake it possible. This restored landmark is once againmaking major contributions to the city’s economy andits sense of civic pride.

Hedge-Carpenter-Thompson Historic DistrictSalem City, Salem County

Listed in the New Jersey and National Registers ofHistoric Places in 2001, the Hedge-Carpenter-Thomson Historic District is a largely intact 19th andearly 20th century working class neighborhood. The

wide streets, back alleys and vernacular housing stockdistinguish this area from its surroundings. Given thenumber of vacant and deteriorated buildings, therewas a real danger these historic properties would belost to demolition and neglect. But with the combineduse of federal Historic Preservation Investment TaxCredits and Affordable Housing Tax Credits, approxi-mately 150 houses are scheduled to be rehabilitated,while maintaining the essential historic character ofthe buildings. The creative partnership forg e dbetween Salem City and PennRose Properties, theprivate developer of the project, will result in the revi-talization of an entire neighborhood.

St. James AME ChurchNewark, Essex County

The congregation of the St. James AME Church hasshown extraordinary stewardship in the preservationof their current church building. Originally known asthe High Street Presbyterian Church, this building,located in one of Newark’s most fashionable 19th cen-tury neighborhoods, was designed by prominent NewJersey architect John Welch in 1850. The nationallyrenowned architectural firm of Carrere & Hastings wasresponsible for a large addition in 1890, which includ-ed stained glass attributed to Louis Comfort Tiffany.Since World War II, this architectural gem has beenthe home of the St. James AME Church. The congre-gation has restored the church with the assistance ofthe largest loan ever provided by the New JerseyHistoric Trust. The major financial investment by anAfrican American congregation in restoring this build-ing clearly demonstrates their commitment to thepreservation of Newark’s cultural heritage.

Academy Hanover Historic DistrictTrenton, Mercer County

The Academy-Hanover Historic District, a collectionof some of Trenton’s most prominent industrial, com-mercial and residential buildings dating from the late19th century, was certified as historic by the City ofTrenton in 1986. Subsequent private investment hasresulted in substantial parts of the district beingrestored. The Wood Street Housing Project, brokeredby Isles, Inc., a local non-profit organization, used his-toric preservation tax credits, Low Income Housing

Existing Proposed

12

Tax Credits, a New Jersey Housing and MortgageFinance Agency loan, National Trust for HistoricPreservation’s Inner City Ventures funding and fundsfrom the City of Trenton to transform the buildingsinto attractive living space. This project has been theinspiration for a number of other renovation projectswithin the district, many of which have taken advan-tage of Historic Preservation Investment Tax Creditsand other incentives available.

Walt Whitman HouseCamden, Camden County

The Walt Whitman House is a National HistoricLandmark and a New Jersey State Historic Site,administered by the New Jersey Division of Parksand Forestry. Internationally acclaimed poet WaltWhitman lived in this house from 1884 until hisdeath in 1892. The small wood-frame row housesits between larger brick row houses in a workingclass neighborhood near the Camden waterfront.Many of Whitman’s friends, who complained of thenoise of the nearby railroad and the smells from fac-tories across the Delaware River, thought he shouldmove to a better neighborhood. But Whitmaninsisted on staying in the house he called his “shan-ty.” He loved the close proximity to the DelawareRiver and his modest house is emblematic of theegalitarian spirit of his poetry. In 1998, the houseunderwent an award winning restoration with fundsfrom the New Jersey Historic Trust’s PreservationBond Fund and other sources to return it to the wayit looked when Whitman lived there. This restora-tion is just one of many exciting things happeningon and around the Camden Waterfront. MickleBoulevard has been made a gateway to the water-front and its many attractions including the New Jersey State Aquarium and Children’s Gardenand the recently opened Battleship New Jersey.There are several vacant lots near the WhitmanHouse on which the City of Camden plans to createa park dedicated to the poet. The restoration of theWhitman House demonstrates the state’s commit-ment to restoring this valuable state-owned historicsite as part of broader efforts by the City ofCamden, the Camden Waterfront MarketingBureau, and others to transform this part of the cityinto a major tourist destination.

Zane SchoolBorough of Collingswood

In 1999, Preservation New Jersey placed historic schoolson their ten most endangered list, because so many his-toric schools had been closed and faced the doublethreats of demolition and decay. Zane ceased to be usedas a school in the 1960s and began a slow process ofdeterioration until the Borough of Collingswood tookpossession in 1996 and received a CLG grant to do anadaptive reuse study. A partnership consisting of theBorough itself, the local historic preservation commis-sion, Collingswood Horticultural Society, theCollingswood Business and Professional Association,and Kitchen & Associates, a local architectural firm,came together to rehabilitate the school. The first classinterior and exterior restoration work made use of New Jersey’s new Rehabilitation Sub-code to preservethe historic fabric while accommodating present dayneeds. The project has had a positive effect on the surrounding community, housing two new businesseswhich employ over 70 people and playing an active role in the revitalization of downtown Collingswood.

Hackett-Strang FarmMannington Township, Salem County

The Hackett-Strang Farm has been an important partof Salem County’s agricultural economy and landscapesince the late 1600s. The fact that one of the earliestmastodon discoveries in New Jersey took place on thisfarm is evidence of the paleontological significance ofthe site as well. Like much of southwestern New Jersey, Salem has been losing large amounts offarmland to new development and there was concernthis important historic farm would be lost. But in 2000,New Jersey Farmland Preservation funds were used topurchase the 275 acre Hackett-Strang farm to ensurethat the property would remain in agricultural use.Following the purchase, the farm was auctioned off toa private owner with a farmland preservation easementplaced on the land. In response to concerns raised byPreservation Salem, Preservation New Jersey, the New Jersey Historic Preservation Office and theHistoric Places/Open Spaces Ad Hoc Task Force aboutsaving the 1860s farmhouse located on the property, afacade easement was placed on the house as well. Thiscreative effort, which included a range of public and

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private partners, contributed significantly to SalemCounty’s Agricultural Development Program and pre-served a cherished part of the rural landscape.

Collins and Pancost HallMerchantville, Camden County

Main Street Merchantville is part of Main Street New Jersey, a program designed to revitalize New Jersey’s traditional downtowns and commercialareas through the preservation and reuse of historicbuildings. The restoration and reuse of Collins andPancost Hall is a centerpiece of the success of the MainStreet Merchantville program. Collins and Pancost Hallhas dominated the social and architectural landscape ofMerchantville since its construction in 1893, when ithoused a lumber yard/hardware store on the groundfloor, a community theatre on the second floor, and theMasonic Lodge on the third floor. When the lumber-yard and theater closed down in the 1970s, the buildingwas used briefly for offices. It then sat vacant for anumber of years until Main Street Merchantville suc-ceeded in packaging a variety of incentives that led tothe opening of a fine dining restaurant in the building.Today, Collins and Pancost Hall is once again a popularmeeting place and serves as a catalyst for other down-town revitalization activities thanks to a strongpartnership between Main Street Merchantville, Main Street New Jersey, local and state governments,and the local entrepreneurs and volunteers whoworked to bring this community landmark back to life.

King’s Highway Historic DistrictLawrence & Princeton Townships, and Princeton Borough,Mercer CountySouth Brunswick Township, Middlesex CountyFranklin Township, Somerset County

Using a grant from the New Jersey HistoricPreservation Off i c e ’s Certified Local GovernmentProgram, five municipalities partnered to nominate theKing’s Highway Historic District for listing on the New Jersey and National Registers of Historic Places.Originally an Indian Trail, this historic right-of-wayevolved into the main colonial link between New Yorkand Philadelphia. It was the scene of numerousRevolutionary War battles, part of the first transconti-

nental highway, and the first New Jersey highway to bemapped. Five municipalities and three counties collab-orated on the nomination and meetings were held ineach locality to receive public comments on the effort.In 2000, the District was listed on both the New Jerseyand National Registers. This linear historic districtextends from Route 27 and Raymond Road in SouthBrunswick and Franklin Township to the intersectionof Route 206 and Franklin Corner Road in LawrenceTownship and serves as a “spine” for several previous-ly established historic districts. The King’s HighwayHistoric District provides this rapidly growing regionthe opportunity to do additional regional planning forthe corridor in cooperation with New JerseyDepartment of Transportation’s scenic by-way program,the New Jersey Office of State Planning and otherregional planning initiatives.

Operation ArchaeologyDeserted Village of Feltville-Glenside ParkBerkeley Heights Township, Union County

Through Operation Archaeology, over 4000 childrenand their parents have gained insight into the history ofthe Deserted Village of Feltvillle-Glenside Park locat-ed in Union County’s Watchung Reservation. Feltvillewas founded by Daniel Felt in 1845, part of the utopi-an and social reform movements found in many parts ofthis country during the 19th century. While originally afactory town known for the colorful marbleized paper itproduced, in 1882 the village was transformed into avibrant summer resort called Glenside. But Glenside’spopularity was short-lived and in 1916 the village wasabandoned and remained frozen in time for decades.Operation Archaeology has breathed new life into theDeserted Village by using it to introduce a whole newgeneration of young people to the mysteries andexcitement of New Jersey history. It gives children theopportunity to grasp archaeological techniques and usesocial studies, science, mathematics, language arts, finearts, and many other disciplines as they participate in ahands-on cultural history project. Located within one ofUnion County’s most beautiful parks, this innovativeprogram is administered by the Union County Office ofCultural & Living Heritage Affairs.

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The vision we have set for historic preservation isa bold one. It calls for historic preservation to play

a major role in physical design, economic health, andquality of life in New Jersey communities for genera-tions to come. While New Jersey has many preservationsuccesses to be proud of, much work remains to bedone to realize our vision. The following set of goalsand actions are designed to build on our successes andcarry preservation planning, activities and funding inNew Jersey to a new level. These goals and actionswere developed with the help of all of the individualsand organizations that participated in the planningprocess. They are meant as a starting point for historicpreservation activity and can serve as a stimulus forother creative initiatives that may emerge to advancethe vision and goals contained in this plan.

New Jersey’s historic houses, main streets, and neigh-borhoods are what give our state and its communitiestheir special character. While we are coming to recog-nize the value of mixed use, pedestrian friendlyenvironments when we design new communities, weoften lose sight of the fact that these qualities havecharacterized our historic cities and towns for genera-tions. The New Jersey State Development andRedevelopment Plan, approved in March, 2001, lays thegroundwork for the state and its municipalities to worktogether to build preservation values into the growth

and development of New Jersey’s communities. TheState Plan calls for the identification, protection, andenhancement of historic, cultural, and scenic resourcesin existing cities and towns and encourages new towncenters that emulate the most attractive features of tra-ditional New Jersey towns. Citizens told us New Jerseyshould make integrating preservation into local andregional planning and decision-making one of our high-est priorities.

RealizingThe Vision

MAKE HISTORIC

PRESERVATION AN

INTEGRAL PART OF

LOCAL AND REGIONAL

PLANNING AND

DECISION-MAKING TO

ENHANCE THE

ATTRACTIVENESS AND

QUALITY OF LIFE IN

NEW JERSEY

COMMUNITIES.

Goal1

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Actions:

1. Increase the number of municipal governments thathave historic preservation elements in their masterplans and preservation ordinances to implement thoseplans.

A 1999 New Jersey Historic Preservation Office surveyof the 566 municipalities in New Jersey found that only166 had preservation ordinances. Today the vast major-ity of New Jersey’s cities, towns and villages still lackpreservation plans or ordinances, although many haveadopted farmland and open space preservation pro-grams. The Historic Preservation Office will work withPreservation New Jersey, the New Jersey State Leagueof Municipalities, planning and design professionals,and other partners to increase preservation planning atthe local level. They will encourage local governmentsto adopt preservation plans and ordinances and incorpo-rate historic resource preservation into existingfarmland and open space preservation programs, with along term goal of having these plans and ordinances inplace in 225 municipalities by the year 2007.

2. Continue to develop and update municipal and countyhistoric resource surveys, giving priority to areas undermajor threat and where local governments have astrong partnership interest.Resource identification is a vital first step in developinglocal plans to protect and make productive use of thestate’s heritage resources. The growing number of prop-erties listed on the New Jersey and National Registersof Historic Places helps to recognize and protect historicresources but a much more comprehensive approach toresource identification is needed. Recognizing this, theHistoric Preservation Office is undertaking a county-wide architectural survey of Salem County as aGeographic Information System (GIS) pilot project.The Historic Preservation Office will seek funds to con-tinue this initiative beyond the pilot stage and includearchaeological as well as architectural resources. Thegoal is to complete one additional survey per year forthe next five years. The Historic Preservation Officewill also partner with New Jersey DOT and others whocollect historic resource information with the long-termgoal of creating a complete historic resource GIS for thestate. Counties, municipalities, and others are encour-

aged to use this survey methodology to complete theirown historic resource inventories. As this information isdeveloped, it can be used by public and private deci-sion-makers to make more informed land use decisions.

3. Increase the number of localities that participate in theCertified Local Government Program and continue tostrengthen the effectiveness of that program.The New Jersey Certified Local Government (CLG)Program is part of a national program to encourage localgovernments to identify and preserve historic resources.To participate in the program and be eligible for grants,a community must already have or adopt an historicpreservation ordinance that identifies and protects his-toric resources within their municipality. Once certified,communities are eligible to receive technical assistanceand small matching grants through the New Jersey Historic Preservation Office. Municipalitiesthat are not formally part of the CLG Program can takeadvantage of the guidance and training provided, butare not eligible for grants. In 2001, only 33 municipali-ties were participating in the Certified LocalGovernment Program and not all were taking fulladvantage of it. The Historic Preservation Office, whichadministers the program, will continue its efforts toraise the level of involvement of current Certified LocalGovernments in New Jersey. It will also work toincrease the number of Certified Local Governments to50 by 2007, using outreach, workshops, and other kindsof technical assistance, in partnership with the New Jersey State League of Municipalities,Preservation New Jersey, planning and design profes-sionals, and others.

4. Promote regional planning activities that incorporatehistoric preservation into broad regional planninggoals.It is widely recognized that protection of natural, his-toric, and scenic resources cannot be accomplished fullyby individual counties and municipalities workingalone. The New Jersey Coastal Heritage Corridor, thenewly created King’s Highway Historic District and theproposed American Revolution Heritage Corridor areexamples of collaborative efforts to identify, preserveand interpret some of New Jersey’s rich store of region-

17

al heritage resources. There are regional initiativesunderway outside the preservation arena that createopportunities for preservation as well. The New JerseyDepartment of Community Affairs’ “Smart Growth”grants are creating opportunities for preservation to beintegrated into broader regional planning activities andthe New Jersey Department of Transportation’s ScenicBy-way Program is encouraging the development ofmanagement plans for scenic by-way corridors. TheNew Jersey Pinelands Commission works in coopera-tion with units of local, state and federal governments toadminister the Pinelands Comprehensive ManagementPlan, a plan to guide the management of the natural andcultural resources located in the largest tract of openspace found anywhere along the mid-Atlantic coast.The Historic Preservation Office will continue to workwith the Office of State Planning, the New JerseyDepartment of Community Affairs, New Jersey DOT,Preservation New Jersey and others to promote region-al planning activities that integrate heritage resourceplanning into broader regional planning activities,including requiring that every regional strategic plansupported by a “Smart Growth” grant include an his-toric preservation component.

5. Develop changes in the Municipal Land Use Law toensure that municipalities have the tools necessary topreserve historic resources as part of the overall plan-ning and development process.Municipalities in New Jersey have a number of toolsavailable to incorporate historic preservation into theirlocal comprehensive plans and ordinances. But manycitizens who participated in this planning processbelieve the Municipal Land Use Law should beamended to make historic resource protection astronger part of local and regional planning activities.Preservation New Jersey will work with the New JerseyState League of Municipalities, New Jersey PlanningOfficials, individual municipalities and concerned citi-zens to identify changes needed to increase theeffectiveness of the law by 2005.

USE HISTORIC

PRESERVATION

AS A CATALYST TO

STRENGTHEN

NEW JERSEY’S STATE

AND LOCAL

ECONOMIES.

Goal2

The decades after World War II brought dramaticchanges to the populations and economies of New Jersey’s cities and towns, as they did to communities across the country. Young people movedfrom rural to metropolitan areas to seek new kinds ofemployment. Older central cities lost people and busi-nesses to the growing suburbs. Farmland and openspace were converted to low-density, automobiledependent residential neighborhoods and employmentcenters, and housing and commercial space in centralcities were left vacant. Information technology, businessservices, and travel and tourism activities reduced theimportance of traditional manufacturing to New Jersey’slocal and state economies.

These changes have posed challenges for New Jersey’scommunities and their leaders, but the communitieshave responded, often finding a role for historic preser-vation in re-directing and revitalizing their economies.Creative partnerships to turn vacant mills and factoriesinto housing, offices, and retail space have served as cat-alysts for the revitalization of urban neighborhoods.Many smaller towns have joined the Main Street New Jersey program, restoring buildings and recruitingnew businesses to fill them. Business and governmentleaders and non-profit organizations are taking steps tocapture their share of the growing heritage tourism

18

market, restoring historic downtowns, neighborhoods,and sites for the enjoyment of residents and visitorsalike. Citizens who participated in this planning processtold us New Jersey needs to do all it can to continue tocapitalize on the opportunities historic preservationoffers to create jobs, generate tax revenues, and build anew generation of vital communities across the state.

Actions:

1. Increase the number of communities participating inMain Street New Jersey to revitalize downtowns andurban neighborhood commercial areas. Main Street New Jersey is a comprehensive revitaliza-tion program that promotes the preservation andeconomic redevelopment of historic downtowns andcommercial districts. Located in the Department ofCommunity Affairs, it provides technical assistance andtraining to help municipalities restore historic mainstreets and generate business activities and specialevents. Since the founding of the program in 1989, New Jersey Main Street communities have experi-enced over $190 million in physical reinvestment and anet gain of 3,000 jobs. Main Street New Jersey works inpartnership with municipalities, other programs in theDepartment of Community Affairs, and the NationalMain Street Center at the National Trust for HistoricPreservation, to maximize the effectiveness of this pro-gram. Main Street New Jersey will continue to build itspartnership with the Department of Community AffairsNeighborhood Preservation Program and PreservationNew Jersey to pursue creative ways to expand the pro-gram seeking direct funding for communities to supporttheir Main Street programs. Cities and towns which arenot formally part of the program can take advantage ofthe principles involved in the Main Street New Jerseyapproach as well.

2. Build on the state’s wealth of heritage tourism oppor-tunities, working with a wide range of partners at thelocal, state, and national levels.Tourism is the second largest industry in New Jerseyand national data confirm that heritage tourists staylonger and spend more than other leisure travelers.Despite the economic value of tourism, and the state’s

wealth of heritage resources, a 1997 New JerseyTourism Master Plan found that New Jersey has failedto capitalize on its heritage tourism potential. Since thatplan was completed, the state and the National ParkService have begun work on a “Crossroads of theAmerican Revolution National Heritage Area” in cen-tral New Jersey to celebrate the state’s unique role inthe War for Independence. The New Jersey HistoricPreservation Office has launched a New JerseyWomen’s History Initiative with an eye to developing astatewide trail, and local governments are working todevelop local and regional heritage attractions. ButNew Jersey has barely begun to scratch the surface ofits heritage tourism possibilities. A 1999 survey con-ducted by the state of Pennsylvania found that 46% ofall leisure travelers in Pennsylvania visited heritagesites, while only 10% of leisure travelers to New Jerseydid so. Lead preservation organizations will form a taskforce with the Division of Travel and Tourism, local andregional tourism organizations, and others to design andpromote a statewide heritage tourism initiative thatincludes grants and technical assistance for historic sitedevelopment and funding for media promotion. Thegoal is to have 20% of all leisure travelers include her-itage sites in their visits by the year 2007.

3. Promote urban redevelopment approaches that respectand build on the historic character of existing build-ings, neighborhoods, and commercial centers.The New Jersey State Development andRedevelopment Plan calls for concentrating devel-opment in and around existing cities and towns. This isa worthy goal with the potential to revitalize economiesand quality of life in older communities while preserv-ing precious farmland and open space, but it must beapproached with care. Redevelopment that is carriedout on a project by project basis with no thought givento the impact it will have on existing buildings andneighborhoods can end up destroying the character andidentity of a community. A more comprehensive urbanrevitalization approach that makes use of investmentsin existing buildings and infrastructure can help stabi-lize surrounding neighborhoods and commercial areasand preserve character, while adding jobs and new eco-nomic vitality to a community. New Jersey’sDepartment of Community Affairs’ Brownfields

19

Redevelopment Task Force is working with local gov-ernments to identify, analyze, and redevelop oldindustrial sites. The Department of Community Affairs’Mayor’s Institute on City Design and New JerseyDepartment of Transportation’s new focus on contextsensitive design for transportation projects are twoefforts underway to promote creative design solutionsthat respect existing fabric in New Jersey’s cities. The Historic Preservation Office and Preservation New Jersey will work with the BrownfieldsRedevelopment Task Force, the Office of StatePlanning, the Commerce and Economic DevelopmentCommission, the Department of EnvironmentalProtection, and municipal governments to promoteurban redevelopment policies and programs that incor-porate historic preservation.

4. Increase awareness and use of the state’saward-winning Rehabilitation Sub-code.When modern building codes are applied to rehabilita-tion of existing buildings, the standards are often toocostly to allow these projects to proceed. New Jersey’snew Rehabilitation Sub-code, developed by theDepartment of Community Affairs, enables buildingrehabilitation to be safer and less costly, while main-taining the original design of the building. TheDepartment of Community Affairs has been providingsome training on the new sub-code, however, manybusinesses, developers, architects, engineers and codeofficials in New Jersey are not fully aware of the poten-tial the Rehab Sub-code creates for aff o r d a b l erehabilitation of historic buildings. The Department ofCommunity Affairs and the Historic Preservation Officeand will continue to work with a wide range of publicand private partners to provide training through profes-sional continuing education and other activities toincrease awareness and use of this valuable new tool.Special emphasis will be placed on having all local codeofficials receive training in the new Sub-code by 2007.

5. Sustain efforts to make historic preservation regulatory review processes as efficient as possible atthe local and state levels to allow projects to move forward in a timely manner without sacrificing theintegrity of preservation review processes.Municipalities that have adopted historic preservationordinances review projects at a local level that mayaffect locally protected historic properties or districts.The New Jersey Historic Preservation Office adminis-ters both federal and state programs designed tominimize impacts of development projects on proper-ties on the National and New Jersey Historic Registers.It also provides advice and comment on other permitrequests within the Department of EnvironmentalProtection as they relate to potential impacts on historicand cultural resources. Since the adoption ofPreserving Historic New Jersey: An ActionAgenda in 1994, the Historic Preservation Office hasundertaken a number of activities designed to make itsregulatory review processes as efficient and accessibleas possible. They have published architectural surveyand report guidelines, revised the archaeological reportguidelines, instituted monthly meetings to addressissues of eligibility for listing on the National Register,and notified local governments of preservation concernswithin their community. They have embarked on aGeographic Information System to facilitate trackingand predictability of regulatory review and incorporatedregulatory requirements into their web page. TheHistoric Preservation Office is committed to sustainingits efforts to make regulatory reviews as efficient as pos-sible and is working with local governments and otherstate agencies to see that review activities are carriedout in ways that support economic development oppor-tunities, while preserving valuable historic resources.

Applied to buildings such as

this in the locally designated

Academy Hanover Historic

District in Trenton, the New

Jersey Rehab Subcode provides

flexibility in the rehabilita-

tion of historic buildings.

20

Preservation is part of a broad ethic of appreciation forour rich natural, architectural, archaeological, and cul-tural legacies. It is about recognizing the charm ofhistoric towns and neighborhoods, the beauty of theopen countryside, and the value of historic schoolswhere generations of New Jersey children have beeneducated. A major goal of the preservation communityis to broaden understanding and appreciation of thepersonal, economic, and community benefits of historicpreservation among citizens, elected officials, andorganizations in New Jersey.

New Jersey is changing rapidly. The 2000 censusshowed that the New Jersey Hispanic population grewfrom 9.6% in 1990 to 13.3% in 2000, now matching thesize of New Jersey’s African American population.Asians made up 3.5% of the population in 1990 and 5%in 2000. While New Jersey’s preservation organizationshave been working hard to get the message out, thesedemographic changes make it essential for the preserva-tion community to recruit a larger and more diverseconstituency to support preservation programs in thefuture. The New Jersey landscape is also being trans-formed. The state has lost more than half the farmlandit had in 1950 and thousands of acres of open land aredeveloped each year.

Actions:

1. Increase the visibility of historic preservation by high-lighting success stories, attracting media attention topreservation issues, and increasing involvement inpreservation related activities.Since 1995, Preservation New Jersey’s “10 MostEndangered Sites in New Jersey” program has broughtattention to some of the most valuable and threatenedhistoric sites in the state. It has also been a catalyst foractivities to preserve a number of these sites. New Jersey Preservation Week ceremonies, includingannual preservation awards given by Preservation New Jersey and the New Jersey Historic PreservationOffice, help raise awareness about historic preservation,as do these organization’s quarterly newsletters. Thework of the New Jersey Historic Preservation Office,Preservation New Jersey, the New Jersey HistoricTrust, Main Street New Jersey, county cultural and her-itage commissions, and other preservation organizationsall help focus attention on preservation. But moreneeds to be done. Preservation organizations at thestate and local levels will work to increase all types ofmedia coverage of preservation successes—buildingssaved, neighborhoods revitalized, grants awarded, taxcredit projects approved, and new historic sites or trailsopen to the public. State and local non-profit organiza-tions will work to increase membership, reach out tonew constituencies and build partnerships with otherorganizations interested in resource conservation andcommunity development. The long-term goal is aninformed constituency that understands the wayspreservation can enhance the physical, social and cul-tural fabric of our communities.

2. Promote expansion of interpretive activities at publiclyand privately operated historic sites to tell a fullerstory of New Jersey’s rich and complex history.Until quite recently, the preservation and interpretationof historic sites ignored many parts of our history andleft many stories untold. Now preservationists in NewJersey and across the country are taking steps to expandpreservation activities to include greater attention tostories about all the people, sites, and events that havecontributed to making New Jersey and this countrywhat they are today. The National Park Service has

EXPAND

UNDERSTANDING

AND APPRECIATION

OF HISTORY AND HIS-TORIC PRESERVATION

AMONG NEW JERSEY

CITIZENS, ELECTED

OFFICIALS, STUDENTS,AND ORGANIZATIONS

ACROSS THE STATE.

Goal3

21

developed a program to interpret the contributions ofwomen, African Americans, Native Americans, and oth-ers. It is including slavery, segregation, displacement ofnative peoples, and other painful stories in the inter-pretive programs at National Parks. New Jersey has alsotaken steps to tell a fuller story of New Jersey historywith the identification of underground railroad sites andthe proposed Women’s History Trail. The New JerseyHistorical Commission has published reports on New Jersey Folklife, Immigration and Ethnicity inNew Jersey History, and a New Jersey Ethnic HistorySeries. But more research is needed to identify unac-knowledged resources and uncover lost stories, and newinterpretive materials need to be developed. State levelhistory and preservation organizations will reach out tostatewide agencies and organizations representing dif-ferent racial and ethnic groups and work with historyscholars, archaeologists, local historians and teachers toselect research topics and develop the full story of NewJersey history. Efforts will be made to get these fullerstories translated into interpretive activities at publiclyand privately owned historic sites.

3. Continue to build a statewide preservation non-profitnetwork to strengthen advocacy and outreach across thestate.Preservation advocacy helps people understand the val-ues and benefits of preservation and promotes theadoption and implementation of preservation policies,plans, and ordinances. Advocacy is critical to savingthreatened sites and increasing funding and financialincentives to support preservation activities. In thesummer of 2000, Preservation New Jersey launched anelectronic newsletter called PNJnet designed to informand mobilize a statewide preservation network that canprovide prompt and sustained advocacy on key preser-vation issues. Preservation New Jersey will reach out toother interests and org a n i z a t i o n s — e n v i r o n m e n t a lorganizations, community development corporations,affordable housing advocates, and ethnic and culturalorganizations—to broaden the network and create coali-tions on issues of mutual concern. The New JerseyHistoric Trust, the Advocates for New Jersey History,

and Preservation New Jersey will continue to advocatefor preservation policies and funding at the state level.Advocates for NJ History will continue efforts to mobi-lize support for goals set out in The New Jersey HistoryPlan.

4. Provide conferences, workshops and training materialsto help municipal officials, non-profits and local citi-zens carry out local preservation responsibilities.Comments and questionnaires received from citizensduring the planning process indicated that county andmunicipal officials were the most important groups totarget with preservation outreach and training activities.On-site historic preservation commission training andpublications that target key topics would be the mosthelpful kinds of technical assistance. The New JerseyHistoric Preservation Office already provides a series ofworkshops around the state on local historic preserva-tion issues through the Certified Local GovernmentProgram and participation in the New Jersey League ofMunicipalities annual conference. They also producetechnical bulletins, hold an annual statewide preserva-tion conference, and provide technical assistance onNational and State Historic Register listing, applyingfor federal preservation tax credits, and a host of othertopics. Preservation New Jersey has developed a“Preservation Tool Kit” that contains answers to someof the most frequently asked questions. The New Jersey Historic Trust provides technical assistanceon historic site rehabilitation as part of administeringtheir grant and loan programs. While continuing todevelop existing training and technical assistance mate-rials and events, state level preservation organizationswill attempt to expand these offerings with an emphasis on training and technical assistance directedat local officials.

22

5. Seek to have an historic preservation componentincluded in the core curriculum standards and assessments mandated by the New Jersey Departmentof Education, and provide historic preservation curriculum materials for use by teachers and students.New Jersey’s Department of Education sets standardsfor curriculum content in grades K-12. There is a pro-posal to revise the social studies standards with separatestandards for New Jersey history, American history, andworld history as well as a standard for social studiesskills, including historical critical thinking. Languagethat says by the end of fourth grade students shouldappreciate the importance of historic preservation,including the value of primary documents, historicbuildings, and archaeological sites is included as one ofthe progress indicators. The proposed revised standardswill be under review by the Department of Educationover the coming year. Preservation New Jersey willwork with others to coordinate advocacy efforts to sup-port adoption of the new standard, including thespecific language addressing historic preservation.

6. Nurture the development of future preservation professionals.In 1998, Drew University established a Certificate inHistoric Preservation Program, inspired by their experi-ence restoring Mead Hall, a centerpiece of the Drewcampus, after it was ravaged by fire. This was the firstprogram of its kind in New Jersey and it provides acomprehensive introduction to the field of historicpreservation. Since June 1999, twenty-four studentshave been awarded certificates and over 300 peoplehave taken at least one course in historic preservation.In addition to the Drew University program,Preservation New Jersey provides informal mentoringto individuals with an interest in preservation relatedprofessions. Preservation New Jersey will work withDrew University and others to develop additional waysto mentor and encourage future preservation profes-sionals.

7. Strengthen communication and cooperation amongstate-level history and preservation agencies andorganizations to maximize effectiveness.Achieving the goals set forth in this plan will requirecollaboration within the preservation community and

partnerships with individuals and organizations outsidethe preservation community. There is considerable col-laboration already through the Advocates for New Jersey History and other joint activities, butaccomplishing the goals and actions set out in this planwill require more. Leadership of the key preservationorganizations will meet on a regular basis to maximizeinformation sharing, divide responsibilities based on thestrengths and capabilities of each organization, and col-laborate on efforts to advance the goals of the plan.They will also continue to reach out to organizationsoutside the preservation community to pursue commonobjectives.

Many schools, museums, courthouses and other publiclyowned historic buildings are treasured landmarks in pro-ductive use across the state, but many are not.According to the January 2001 Garden StatePreservation Trust Stewardship Report, New Jersey hasinvested $2 billion in state funds and millions more inlocal tax dollars and private donations for land and his-toric preservation. The report goes on to say thatdespite the fact that these resources are valued at manytimes their original cost and generate significant tourismrevenues, years of neglect have left many public facili-ties and historic resources in states of disrepair. TheStewardship Report addresses primarily sites owned by

BECOME A NATIONAL

LEADER IN

STEWARDSHIP OF

PUBLICLY OWNED

HISTORIC AND

CULTURAL

RESOURCES.

Goal4

23

the Department of Environmental Protection. Otherstate agencies like the Treasury Department are respon-sible for sites as well.

In questionnaires and public meetings, citizens whoparticipated in this planning process urged the state tolead by example by identifying and preserving its largeinventory of historic resources and encouraging localgovernments to do the same. With the New JerseyHistoric Preservation Bond Program and the GardenState Historic Trust, the state has taken strong steps forward in the restoration of historic sites owned bylocal governments and non-profit organizations. It istime for a commitment to be made to address the needsof all publicly owned historic and cultural resourcesbefore these resources and the opportunities they repre-sent for enriching our lives and our economy are lost.

Actions:

1. Develop an inventory of all state owned historic properties and strategies for the preservation andproductive use of these properties.New Jersey state agencies own hundreds of historicproperties, but no comprehensive inventory of stateowned historic sites exists. In addition, there are fewpreservation plans for the buildings and complexes thathave already been identified. A state-wide inventorywill establish priorities for the stabilization, restorationand use of these properties, and develop policies for de-accessioning properties when appropriate. PreservationNew Jersey will work with the New Jersey BuildingAuthority and other state agencies to encourage stateoffices to stay in or relocate to state owned historic prop-erty whenever possible. The goal is to develop anintegrated list of all state-owned historic properties by2007, with a plan in place and funding sources identi-fied for the stabilization, restoration, and use of as manyof these properties as possible.

2. Identify and protect publicly owned historic propertiesat the local level to keep them in productive use.Every year, New Jersey’s counties and municipalitiesinvest millions of dollars in the restoration and mainte-nance of historic courthouses, libraries and schools.From 1990-1997, the New Jersey Historic PreservationBond Program awarded $52 million in grants to helppreserve and restore historic properties owned bymunicipal and county governments and non-profitorganizations. The Garden State Preservation Trust,established in 1999, provides the New Jersey HistoricTrust with $6 million a year over 10 years to continuethis work. Despite the investments to date, the need farexceeds the funds available and some state programslike the New Jersey Educational Facilities Act, whichwill invest an estimated $12 billion dollars in schoolconstruction and renovation, actually discourage invest-ment in restoring historic public buildings. TheHistoric Preservation Office will continue to work withlocal governments to identify historic buildings in pub-lic ownership and get them listed on the New Jerseyand National Registers of Historic Places. PreservationNew Jersey will work with The New Jersey HistoricTrust and others to promote state and local policies andfunding that support the restoration and use of locally-owned historic public buildings.

3. Stabilize and restore buildings on the New Jersey sideof Ellis Island to complete the preservation and use ofone of our nation’s most important historic sites.Ellis Island served as the gateway for over 12 millionimmigrants entering this country in the late 19th andearly 20th centuries, many of whom made New Jerseytheir first home. Over 40% of Americans today havefamily members who entered this country through EllisIsland and it serves as one of the most tangiblereminders that we are a nation of immigrants, built onthe visions, dreams and hard work of our very diversepopulation. The Ellis Island main building was restoredand opened to the public in 1990 as the Ellis IslandImmigration Museum. Most of the buildings on thesouth side of the island in New Jersey were part of EllisIsland’s large hospital complex, where sick immigrants

24

Accomplishing the goals set forth in this plan willrequire creative use of existing funding and incentives,additional public and private investment, and newfinancial incentives at the federal, state and local levels.Several state and federal programs exist to provide fund-ing for historic preservation. There are also federal taxcredits to support rehabilitation of eligible historic com-mercial properties. Local governments in New Jerseyhave the power to grant property tax abatements toencourage historic rehabilitation, although few havetaken advantage of this. But even with better utilizationof existing programs and funding, New Jersey will notbe able to meet the challenge of preserving its historicresources unless new funding and incentives are provid-ed. The preservation community is committed tocreating a legislative committee to work with electedofficials at the state and local levels to secure additionalfunding and financial incentives for historic preservationto complement those that already exist.

Actions:

1. Expand all funding and use of economic incentivesavailable in New Jersey to support historic preserva-tion.There are a number of sources of funding for preserva-tion activities in New Jersey including the $6 million a

were taken for treatment and many important medicaldiscoveries were made. Congress, the National ParkService, and the State of New Jersey have committedover $8.6 million to stabilize the southside buildings andhalt their decay. The National Park Service, which ownsthe buildings, is developing a comprehensive re-useplan. The newly formed non-profit Save Ellis Island!Inc. is committed to working with the National ParkService, Congress, the State of New Jersey, the State ofNew York, and private citizens to raise the funds neces-sary to rehabilitate these buildings. The long-term goalis the full restoration and re-use of this portion of an irre-placeable national landmark as part of the broader effortto restore all historically important state owned proper-ties.

4. Develop public-private partnership models to showhow historic properties acquired through the State’sopen space acquisition programs can be preserved, usedor sold with permanent protections in place.The state of New Jersey, local governments, and non-profit organizations will be acquiring thousands of acresof New Jersey farmland and open space over the nextten years under the Garden State Green AcresPreservation and Garden State Farmland PreservationTrust Programs. Many of the tracts of land will have his-toric buildings and farmsteads located on them. It willtake a concerted effort on the part of New Jersey’s pub-lic and private preservation and conservation agenciesand organizations to ensure that preservation of thesehistoric buildings is part of over-all planning for andmanagement of these sites. Creative models of public-private ownership and management need to beexplored for both small and larger sites. Lead preserva-tion organizations will work with the Department ofEnvironmental Protection’s Green Acres Program andthe State Agriculture Development Committee, localgovernments, local land trusts, and others to developresponsible stewardship strategies for these properties.

PROVIDE THE

FINANCIAL

RESOURCES AND

INCENTIVES

NECESSARY TO

ADVANCE HISTORIC

PRESERVATION IN

NEW JERSEY.

Goal5

25

year from The Garden State Historic Preservation TrustFund and the $4 million a year available in operatingsupport for local historic sites, historical societies andpreservation organizations. The New Jersey HistoricTrust has revolving loan and emergency grant and loanfunds. The Department of Community Affairs’ SpecialImprovement District, New Jersey NeighborhoodPreservation Programs and “Smart Growth” grants,TEA-21 transportation enhancement funds, and otherfederal and state grant programs are potential sources ofpreservation funding. Financial incentives available toencourage preservation activities include the federalHistoric Preservation Investment Tax Credit programfor rehabilitating income producing historic properties,and the New Jersey Housing and Mortgage FinanceAgency’s below market rate financing for housing reha-bilitation that gives extra points to projects that includehistoric preservation. The New Jersey Historic Trusthas an easement program that provides tax benefits forplacing conservation easements on historic properties.The state’s lead preservation organizations will use out-reach, conferences, technical bulletins, and workshopsto acquaint private developers, local governments andnon-profit organizations across the state with the fullrange of funding sources and incentives available toencourage broader use of these programs.

2. Develop state-level financial incentives to promote therehabilitation of privately owned commercial and resi-dential historic properties.When asked what we need most to do a better job ofprotecting historic resources in New Jersey, citizens saidfinancial incentives to encourage preservation of pri-vately owned historic properties should be a top priority.A 2001 survey by the National Trust for HistoricPreservation found that fifteen states have adoptedstate level preservation tax incentives. In most cases,these include rehabilitation tax credits available tohomeowners of historic properties who are not eligiblefor the federal tax credits. Approximately 80% of thedesignated historic properties in New Jersey are pri-vately owned, but New Jersey has no state level grantprograms to assist private owners of historic propertieswith rehabilitation costs, and has no state-level preser-

vation tax incentives. The lead preservation organiza-tions in the state are committed to working with the restof the preservation community to develop a state taxcredit and other state-level financial incentives toencourage private investment in historic properties witha goal of having some incentives of this type in place by2005.

3. Encourage more local governments to adopt financialincentives to encourage preservation and rehabilitationof historic properties.According to the National Trust’s 2001 Survey of stateand local tax incentives, over 30 states allow some typeof local property tax incentives for rehabilitating com-mercial or residential property or both. New Jerseyallows municipalities to defer property tax increasesattributable to rehabilitation on homes at least 20 yearsold for up to five years. A few counties and municipali-ties have taken advantage of this, but most have not. In2001, 19 counties and 120 towns had adopted some formof local funding for open space preservation and a num-ber of these include historic preservation as an allowableuse for these funds. Under the New Jersey redevelop-ment statutes, localities are able to adopt taxabatements and other economic incentives for areasdeclared as “Areas in Need of Rehabilitation.” TheState Historic Preservation Office, through its CertifiedLocal Government program, Preservation New Jerseythrough its advocacy efforts, and non-profit local preser-vation organizations will encourage local governmentsto adopt property tax abatement programs for rehabili-tated historic properties and to initiate or expandhistoric preservation components of their open spacefunding programs.

4. Allocate additional resources to develop a statewideinventory of historic resources that is integrated intothe larger state Geographic Information System.Identifying historic resources is the essential first step inpreserving, interpreting and using these resources.Throughout this planning process, citizens said New Jersey needs to do a better job of this. Propertiesmust be placed on the New Jersey and National

26

Registers of Historic Places for them to be eligible forpreservation grants, preservation tax incentives, and therehabilitation sub-code. Having historic resourcesinventoried and mapped provides critical informationfor private developers as they make their investmentdecisions. The New Jersey Historic Preservation Officeis using one-time federal funds to conduct the pilot sur-vey in Salem County. Some counties and municipalitieshave been able to conduct partial inventories using localfunds, but New Jersey does not specifically allocate anyfunds to inventory historic resources at the county ormunicipal level. Preservation advocacy organizationswill seek state funding to conduct one county survey peryear, with preference given to localities that provide alocal match.

5. Expand support for preservation planning and technicalassistance services at the local level.The Historic Preservation Office and Preservation New Jersey provide technical assistance to local govern-ments and non-profits, but the resources to providethese services is limited. The New Jersey HistoricTrust’s Historic Sites Management grants provide somefunding for preservation project planning at the locallevel, but they require enactment of an appropriationbill, which is unnecessarily cumbersome for small proj-ects. The Main Street New Jersey program has funds towork with only a limited number of communities. The preservation community will work to secure addi-tional General Fund support for preservation planningand technical assistance at the local level and to achievethe goal of getting preservation truly integrated intolocal planning and decision-making.

6. Identify dedicated sources of revenue to support the sta-bilization, restoration, interpretation and re-use ofstate owned historic properties.Historic buildings owned by the state are not eligible forGarden State Historic Trust funds. In the past, all fundsfor capital improvements of State owned buildings havebeen tied to intermittent bond issues or appropriationsfrom the State’s General Fund. The 2001 Garden StatePreservation Trust Stewardship Report estimates cur-rent capital needs for public lands and facilities ownedby the Department of Environmental Protection at over

$400 million dollars. The Stewardship Report calls forthe state to dedicate $25 million a year for at least 10years to repair and enhance the most valuable natural,historic, and cultural resources owned by theDepartment of Environmental Protection. The New Jersey Historic Trust is seeking $1 million to establish an “Endangered Properties Fund” to providefunding and technical assistance for the protection, sta-bilization, and reuse of endangered properties,particularly those on tracts acquired through the GardenState Historic Preservation Trust. This plan endorsesthese proposals and the preservation community willsupport efforts by the Garden State Preservation Trust,the New Jersey Historic Trust and others to securecommitments to support the stabilization, restoration,

interpretation, and re-use of all state owned historicproperties.

7. Identify a stable source of funding to support enhancedinterpretation at privately owned historic sites.Efforts to improve and expand interpretation at historicsites to tell a more complete story of New Jersey Historyand strengthen heritage tourism attractions will requireadditional funding. The preservation community willadvocate for increased support for interpretive activitiesat historic sites owned by non-profit org a n i z a t i o n sthrough the expansion of the Operating Support Grantsfor non-profit history-related organizations administeredby the New Jersey Historical Commission or otheravenues.

8. Develop a legislative agenda on a biennial basis toadvance the resource development and other portions ofthis plan that require legislative action.It will require legislative action and appropriations toimplement many portions of this plan. The lead preser-vation organizations will work together every two yearsto put together specific legislative priorities and willwork to mobilize the preservation constituency toactively support this legislative agenda.

Englewood

Englewood’s Main Street Programapplies multiple historic preserva-

tion goals: making historicpreservation an integral part of

local planning (Goal 1); using his-toric preservation to strengthen thelocal economy (Goal 2); expanding

the appreciation of historic resources(Goal 3); and providing financialresources and incentives (Goal 5).

27

How You Can Help

The following are just a few ideas about how individuals, businesses, non-profit organizations, and county and munic-ipal governments can help implement this plan. Please turn to the directory of preservation organizations found in the

next section to find out who to contact about particular areas of interest or concern.

Individuals

♦ Learn more about the history of your community; research the history of yourhome

♦ Buy historic homes and visit historic sites♦ Patronize businesses in historic downtowns♦ Join historical societies and preservation

organizations; volunteer to work on a historicpreservation project

♦ Advocate for additional funding for preservation at the state and local levels

♦ Serve on local boards and commissions andsupport preservation

♦ Run for elected office

Businesses

♦ Rehabilitate historic properties♦ Keep or locate your business in an historic

building♦ Support special improvement districts and

facade improvement programs that benefithistoric preservation

♦ Take advantage of federal preservation taxcredits

♦ Participate in a local Main Street program

Non-profit Organizations

♦ Acquire and restore historic buildings♦ Educate the public about the values of

preservation♦ Develop heritage tourism attractions♦ Advocate for preservation policies and fund-

ing

County and Municipal Governments

♦ Promote the New Jersey State Plan♦ Conduct historic and archaeological resource

surveys♦ Adopt historic preservation plans,

ordinances, and tax incentives♦ Incorporate preservation into county

and municipal open space and farmlandpreservation programs

♦ Support mixed uses, reductions in minimum parking requirements, and other zoning changes that encourage historic preservation

Everyone

♦ Contact one or more of the organizationsidentified in the New Jersey HistoricPreservation Community on the followingpages to become involved

29

Substantial strides have been made for historic preservation in New Jersey since the state program was established in the Historic Sites Section within the Division of Parks & Forestry in the newly created Department of

Environmental Protection in 1970.

The number of organizations and professionals with an interest in historic preservation is now quite extensive. The following directory of major preservation related organizations is provided to facilitate the exchange of

information or services among preservation advocates.

The New Jersey

Historic PreservationCommunity

Advisory Council on Historic Preservation:

The Advisory Council on Historic Preservation is anindependent Federal agency that has the legal responsi-bility to balance historic preservation concerns withFederal project requirements

The goal of the National Historic Preservation Act(NHPA), which established the Council in 1966, is tohave Federal agencies as responsible stewards of ourNation’s resources when their actions affect historicproperties. As directed by NHPA, the Council: advo-cates full consideration of historic values in Federaldecision-making; reviews Federal programs and policiesto promote effectiveness, coordination, and consistencywith national preservation policies; and recommendsadministrative and legislative improvements for protect-ing our Nation’s heritage with due recognition of othernational needs and priorities.

The Advisory Council has oversight in each SHPO’sefforts to assure compliance with Section 106 of theNHPA requiring that Federal agencies identify andassess the effects of their actions on historic resources,as established in the implementing regulations, Protection of Historic Properties (36 CFR Part 800).

The Advisory Council on Historic Preservation1100 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW

Suite 809Old Post Office BuildingWashington, D.C. 20004

(202) 606-8503www.achp.gov

Advocates for New Jersey History:

A public-interest organization that advances the preservation, teaching, and dissemination of NewJersey History. As a membership organization, it func-tions as a consortium of history professionals andadvocates.

Advocates for New Jersey HistoryDavid A. Cowell, President

29 Brookside Avenue Caldwell, NJ 07006

American Institute of Architects:

National professional organization of architects promot-ing the understanding and practice of architecturethrough advocacy, education, and service.

The New Jersey Chapter has a historic preservationcommittee.

New Jersey Society of Architects196 W. State StreetTrenton, NJ 08608

(609) 393-5690FAX: (609) 393-9891

www.aia-nj.org

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American Planning Association:

The national professional organization for planners.

American Planning Association122 S. Michigan Avenue

Suite 1600Chicago, IL 60603-6107

(312) 431-9100FAX: (312) 431-9985

The NJ Chapter of the APA promotes sound planning practices as a process essential to improvingthe quality of life in NJ through education and advoca-tional methods. Their website is:

www.njapa.org

American Society for Civil Engineers (ASCE)

Founded in 1852, ASCE represents over 100,000 mem-bers of the civil engineering profession worldwide. It isAmerica's oldest national engineering society. TheHistory and Heritage program of the ASCE was estab-lished in 1964 and focuses on preserving andrecognizing significant works of engineering in theUnited States.

Committee on History and Heritage of American Civil Engineering

American Society of Civil Engineers 1015 15th Street NW, Suite 600

Washington, DC 20005 Email at: [email protected]

http://www.asce.org/history/hp_main.html

American Society ofLandscape Architects:

The American Society of Landscape Architects is thenational professional organization of landscape architectswho promote the art and science of analysis, planning,design, management, preservation and rehabilitation ofthe land. The scope of the profession includes site plan-ning, garden design, environmental restoration, town orurban planning, park and recreation planning, regionalplanning, and historic preservation.

American Society of Landscape Architects636 Eye Street, NW

Washington, D.C. 20001-3736(202) 898-2444

FAX: (202) 898-1185www.asla.org

Archaeological Society of New Jersey:

Encourages the study and further understanding of pre-historic and historic archaeology of the State. Throughactive chapters, conferences, and a bulletin, theArchaeology Society supports the conservation ofarchaeological sites and artifacts and encourages theirprofessional investigation and interpretation.

Archaeological Society of New Jersey c/o Department of History and Anthropology

Monmouth UniversityWest Long Branch, NJ 07764-1898

Association of New Jersey Environmental

Commissions (ANJEC):

The Association of New Jersey EnvironmentalCommissions (ANJEC) is a private, non-profit member-ship organization serving municipal and county officialsand the citizens of New Jersey. ANJEC was formed in1969 to coordinate and assist the work of municipalenvironmental commissions and citizens. The combinedknowledge and actions of the hundreds of New Jerseycommissions promote the conservative use of the state’snatural resources. Many commissions are also active inhistoric preservation activities.

Association of New Jersey Environmental Commissions300 Mendham Road Route 24, Box 157

Mendham, NJ 07945(973) 539-7547

FAX: (973) 539-7713www.anjec.org

Certified LocalGovernments:

Local governments with historic preservation programsthat meet prescribed standards, making them eligiblefor special enhanced participation in national preserva-tion programs, grants-in-aid, and technical assistancefrom the state historic preservation offices to assist incarrying out preservation activities at the local level.The NJ Historic Preservation Office administers theCLG program and provides a directory of CLG’s on theweb site at:

www.state.nj.us/dep/hpo

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County Cultural andHeritage Commissions:

County cultural and heritage commissions are responsi-ble for the development of county programs to promotepublic interest in local and county history, in the artsand in the cultural values, and traditions of the commu-nity, state, and nation.

The specific functions of the county cultural and her-itage commissions in New Jersey vary widely, but mostserve as county-level resource centers which canrespond to preservation inquiries and help to determineappropriate contacts and procedures on the county andlocal level. For the address of a particular CountyCultural and Heritage Commission contact the:

Association of County Cultural & Heritage Commissions

c/o Susan CoenUnion County Office of Cultural & Heritage Affairs

633 Pearl St.Elizabeth, NJ 07202

908-558-2550 http://www.nps.gov/neje/home.htm

Green Acres Program:

Since 1961 Green Acres has acquired or assisted in theacquisition and preservation of considerable open spaceacross the state. They have been instrumental in thepreservation of many historical properties.

The Green Acres Program provides grants and lowinterest (2%) loans to municipal and county govern-ments to acquire open space and develop outdoorrecreation facilities. Green Acres also provides matchinggrants to nonprofit organizations to acquire land for pub-lic recreation and conservation purposes.

The Green Acres Program comprises four programareas: State Park and Open Space Acquisition, LocalGovernments and Nonprofit Funding, Stewardship andLegal Services, and Planning and Technical Assistance.

The Green Acres Program501 East State Street

Trenton, New Jersey 08625-0412609-984-0500

http://www.state.nj.us/dep/greenacres/index.html

Historic Preservation Office:

Located within the Department of EnvironmentalProtection, Division of Parks & Forestry, the HistoricPreservation Office (HPO) is committed to enhancingthe quality of life for the people of New Jersey throughthe preservation and appreciation of New Jersey’s col-lective past. The HPO administers State and FederalHistoric Preservation Programs for New Jersey andoffers technical assistance and guidance to individuals,organizations, and government agencies in the identifi-cation, evaluation, and protection of historic andarchaeological resources. This is accomplished throughconferences, consultations, training workshops, theHistoric Preservation Planning Bulletin, and variouspublications.

Importantly, the HPO reviews public projects in orderto avoid or mitigate adverse effects to historic resourcesin accordance with state and federal laws.

Further, the HPO is responsible for developing andguiding this document entitled the New Jersey HistoricPreservation Plan. Comprehensive planning provides alllevels of government and New Jersey’s professional andadvocational interests with a method to systematicallyevaluate, protect and preserve historic resources.

Historic Preservation OfficeP.O. Box 404

Trenton, NJ 08625-0404(609) 292-2023

FAX: (609) 984-0578 www.state.nj.us/dep/hpo

League of HistoricalSocieties of New Jersey:

This is an organization representing nearly 250 local his-torical societies in New Jersey. The League conductsregular meetings, publishes a newsletter and focuses onpromoting public support for state and local history. Ithas a historic preservation committee.

Although it is the largest membership organization of itstype in the state, there are likely another 500 additionalhistorical societies in NJ that do not belong to theLeague. Many of New Jersey’s local historical societies

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are stewards of historic properties, often as administra-tors of house museums or general history museums. Forinformation contact:

League of Historical Societies of New JerseyP.O. Box 909

Madison, NJ 07940(732) 946-4921

http://www.scils.rutgers.edu/~macan/leaguelist.html

Main Street New Jersey Program:

Main Street New Jersey (MSNJ) is a comprehensiverevitalization program that promotes the historic andeconomic redevelopment of traditional business districtsin New Jersey. The Program was established in 1989 toencourage and support the revitalization of downtownsthroughout the state. Every two years the New JerseyDepartment of Community Affairs accepts applicationsand designates selected communities to join the pro-gram. These communities receive valuable technicalsupport and training to assist in restoring their MainStreets as centers of community and economic activity.MSNJ Communities have brought significant numbersof new businesses and jobs to their respective down-towns. In addition, facade improvements and buildingrehabilitation projects have upgraded the image of MainStreet. Main Street New Jersey builds on the MainStreet Approach™ that was developed by the NationalTrust’s National Main Street Center in 1980 to assistdowntown revitalization efforts nationwide.

Main Street New Jersey Program New Jersey Department of community Affairs

Division of Housing and Community ResourcesP.O. Box 806

Trenton, NJ 08625-0806(609) 633-9769

FAX: (609) 292-9798www.state.nj.us/dca/dhcr/msnj.htm

Municipal HistoricPreservation Commissions:

Out of a total of 566 municipalities in NJ, over 160 have

made a substantial commitment to local historic preser-vation through the creation of a local historicpreservation commission. These communities areamong NJ’s strongest preservation partners. TheHistoric Preservation Office has a publication entitledNew Jersey Historic Preservation CommissionsDirectory.


National Alliance ofPreservation Commissions:

This is an alliance of over 2,000 local preservation com-missions that provides information regarding historicpreservation law, local ordinances, design review, andlocal preservation planning; maintains a speakersbureau; and publishes the periodic “Alliance Review”.For information, contact:

National Alliance of Preservation CommissionsP.O. Box 1605

Athens, GA 30603 (706) 542-4731

FAX: (706) 583-0320www.arches.uga.edu/~napc/

National Conference ofState Historic

Preservation Officers:

Organization of state historic preservation officers thatprovides a professional network and newsletter, andorganizes an annual meeting of members. For informa-tion, contact the National Conference at:

National Conference of State Historic Preservation Officers

Suite 342-Hall Of The States444 North Capital Street, N.W.Washington, D.C. 20001-1512

(202) 624-5465FAX: (202) 624-5419www.sso.org/ncshpo

33

National Park Service U.S. Department of the

Interior:

As the principal federal agency responsible for historicpreservation laws and activities, the National ParkService maintains the National Register of HistoricPlaces, administers the certification program for federaltax incentives, and provides guidance and direction toeach state in a unique federal/state partnership.

National Park Service1849 C Street, NW

Washington, D.C. 20240(202) 343-9596www.nps.gov

National Trust for Historic Preservation:

The National Trust for Historic Preservation is the onlynational private, non-profit organization chartered byCongress with the responsibility for encouraging publicparticipation in the preservation of sites, buildings andobjects significant in American history and culture.

National Trust for Historic Preservation1785 Massachusetts Avenue. N.W.

Washington, D.C. 20036(202) 588-6000

FAX: (202) 588-6038www.nationaltrust.org

orNortheast Regional Office

National Trust for Historic PreservationSeven Faneuil Hall Marketplace

Boston, MA 02109(617) 523-0885

FAX: (617) 523-1199

New Jersey Coastal Heritage Trail Route:

The New Jersey Coastal Heritage Trail Route links sig-nificant natural and cultural resources on the JerseyShore and Raritan and Delaware Bays by means of avehicular touring route. This partnership projectbetween the National Park Service, the State of NewJersey and many non-profits and public organizationsseeks to heighten public awareness of New Jersey’s out-standing coastal heritage.

The Trail seeks to protect the natural, cultural, and sce-nic resources of the New Jersey coastline throughinterpretation, education, and research, create publicadvocacy for resource protection through expandedawareness of the coast’s significance, ensure that nosites or resources are threatened or adversely affectedbecause of designation as part of the Trail; and planTrail routes and visitor facilities to minimize impacts onlocal communities and their natural and cultural set-tings. Local endorsement of site participation is animportant element of resource protection because itencourages community support and awareness.

The New Jersey Coastal Heritage Trail (NJCHT) wasestablished in 1988 “to provide for public appreciation,education, understanding, and enjoyment” of significantnatural and cultural sites associated with the coastal areaof the State of New Jersey. (Public Law 100-515) Itencompasses the area east of the Garden State Parkwayfrom the Raritan Bay south to Cape May and the areanorth and west of Cape May south of Route 49 to thevicinity of Deepwater. For further information, contact:

New Jersey Coastal Heritage TrailNational Park Service389 Fortescue Road

PO Box 568Newport, NJ 08345-0568

(856) 447-0103http://www.nps.gov/neje/home.htm

The New JerseyConservation Foundation:

The New Jersey Conservation Foundation is astatewide non-profit membership organization advocat-ing appropriate land use. The Foundation acquires realestate using a revolving land fund, and is an interimproperty owner. Acquisition can be by a market valuepurchase, outright donation, or by combination througha less-than market or bargain sale. Easements have beenadvocated and accepted for the past 15 years. Theseinclude conservation, natural areas, agricultural, scenic,and historic easements in various combinations. Mosteasements have been donated to the Foundation, andare viewed as deductible charitable contributions by thedonors for charitable purposes.

Although historic preservation is not the organization’smain concern, significant historic structures are oftenlocated on properties proposed for easement protectionwherein the historical nature of the improvement isacknowledged and provisions to insure its protection are

34

included in the easement. The ConservationFoundation has directly participated in protecting sever-al National Register properties as well as several oflocal, regional or statewide importance. The group cur-rently holds historic facade easements on severalproperties. In addition to open space preservation, theFoundation’s emphasis is focused on agricultural reten-tion and innovative development concepts. TheFoundation is also an information resource for currenteasement regulations, government programs, taxaspects, land use planning, marketing strategies, andgeneral open space real estate related inquiries of both apublic and private nature.

New Jersey Conservation Foundation Bamboo Brook

170 Longview Road Far Hills, NJ 07931

(908) 234-1225FAX: (908) 234-1189

www.njconservation.org

New Jersey FarmlandPreservation Program:

The New Jersey Farmland Preservation Program seeksto preserve farms across the state. Recognizing farmlandpreservation as an important investment in our econo-my, our farming heritage and the overall quality of lifefor each and every New Jerseyan, the New JerseyFarmland Preservation Program provides valuableincentives for landowners to enable them to them meettheir financial needs and also continue to farm theirland and preserve New Jersey’s agricultural heritage.

The New Jersey Farmland Preservation Program isadministered by the State Agriculture DevelopmentCommittee (SADC), which coordinates with CountyAgriculture Development Boards, municipal govern-ments, nonprofit organizations, and landowners in thedevelopment of plans to preserve farmland throughdonation of development easements, or sales agree-ments.

New Jersey Farmland Preservation ProgramJohn Fitch Plaza

P.O. Box 330Trenton, NJ 08625-0330

609-984-2504www.state.nj.us/agriculture/sadc/farmpreserve.htm

The New Jersey Historic Sites Council:

The Historic Sites Council is a gubernatorially appoint-ed body created to advise the Commissioner of theDepartment of Environmental Protection. In accor-dance with the New Jersey Register of Historic PlacesAct of 1970, the Council reviews proposed “encroach-ments” at an open public meeting, and makes arecommendation to the Commissioner for final action.At the meeting, the applicant is given an opportunity topresent the application and interested members of thepublic are provided with an opportunity to comment onthe project. After receiving the applicant’s and publiccomments, the Council makes a formal recommenda-tion to the Commissioner. In considering theapplication, the Historic Sites Council evaluateswhether the undertaking is in conformance with theabove-referenced criteria and standards, the public ben-efit of the proposed undertaking, potential prudent andfeasible alternatives, and the measures taken to avoid,minimize, or mitigate the encroachment. The HistoricPreservation Office acts as staff to the Historic SitesCouncil.

New Jersey Historic Sites Council c/o Historic Preservation Office

P.O. Box 404 Trenton, N.J. 08625(609) 292-2023


The New Jersey Historical Commission:

The New Jersey Historical Commission was created bylaw in 1967 to advance public knowledge and preserva-tion of the history of New Jersey through research,public programs, publications, and assistance to otheragencies.

Since 1969, the Commission has established a wide-ranging series of scholarly and popular programs:scholarly resource materials; symposia, workshops, andother public programs; and publications for scholars,students, and the public. It also assists other agencieswith information, consultation and grants-in-aid, and co-sponsorship programs. In addition to publications,programs, observances, and other scholarly projects, theCommission furthers the study of New Jersey historythrough grants to professional and amateur historians,

35

historical organizations and educators. The Commissionoffers consultation, advice, cooperation, co-sponsorship,and other assistance to historians and teachers.

New Jersey Historical CommissionP.O. Box 305

Trenton, NJ 08625-0305(609) 292-6062

FAX: (609) 633-8168www.newjerseyhistory.org

New Jersey Historical Society:

The New Jersey Historical Society is the oldeststatewide historical organization in New Jersey. TheSociety’s founding principles - collecting, preserving,and disseminating New Jersey history - have been car-ried out since its formation in 1845. The Society offerscitizens a unique opportunity to learn about New Jerseythrough its valuable collections and programs. The NewJersey Historic Society has a reference library, a muse-um, an education program, and numerous publications,including a quarterly journal.

New Jersey Historical Society52 Park Place

Newark, NJ 07102(973) 596-8500

(unofficial web page)www.rootsweb.com/~njessex/towns/newark/njhsgc.htm

The New Jersey Historic Trust:

Established in 1967, the New Jersey Historic Trust isthe only nonprofit historic preservation organization inNew Jersey created by state law. The Trust is governedby a fifteen member board of trustees and provides sup-port and protection for historic New Jersey resourcesthrough several programs (funding assistance is limitedto public agencies or non profit organizations). TheGarden State Historic Preservation Trust Fund, signedinto law in 1999, provides a stable source of funding forhistoric preservation projects for the next decade; anEmergency Grant & Loan Fund provides limited mon-eys for critically needed work on endangered historicresources; low interests rate through the Revolving

Loan Fund; the Preservation Easement Programensures the preservation of privately held historic prop-erties through the use of deed restrictions; and acceptsdonation of real estate through New Jersey Legacies, ajoint venture with the National Trust.

New Jersey Historic TrustP.O. Box 457

Trenton, NJ 08625-0457(609) 984-0473

FAX: (609) 984-7590www.njht.org

New Jersey PinelandsCommission:

Established in 1979, the New Jersey PinelandsCommission is responsible for the protection and man-agement of the Pinelands, including historical andarchaeological resources. The Pinelands CulturalResource Management Plan for Historic Period Sitesprovides guidance to local municipalities in carrying outarchaeological, cultural, historic preservation provisionsof the Pinelands Comprehensive Management Plan.

Pinelands CommissionPO Box 7

15 Springfield RoadNew Lisbon, New Jersey 08064

Voice: 609-894-7300Fax: 609-894-7330

http://www.state.nj.us/pinelands/

The New Jersey State Review Board for

Historic Sites (SRB):

Each state historic preservation program is required bythe National Historic Preservation Act, as amended, tomaintain a state review board. Designated by the StateHistoric Preservation Officer (SHPO), the review boardmust consist of at least five people, the majority ofwhom are to be professionals in preservation-relateddisciplines. The fields of history, archaeology (prehis-toric and historic), architectural history, and architectureare professionally represented on the New Jersey StateReview Board (SRB). Other professional disciplinesinclude folklore, cultural anthropology, curation, conser-

36

vation and landscape architecture. In the broadestsense, the SRB serves as advocate for historic preserva-tion in New Jersey. As committed preservationists, theyprovide a focal point for furthering preservation activitythat fully utilizes New Jersey’s special historicresources. Review boards were established to provideexpert judgments about the historical, architectural, andarchaeological significance of resources in their states.

Specific duties of review boards are outlined in FederalRegulations (36 CFR, Part 61) which state that thereview boards must meet at least three times a year and:

1. Review and approve documentation on eachNational Register of Historic Places nominationprior to its submission to the National Register.

2. Participate in the review of appeals to National Register nominations and provide written opin-ions on the significance of the properties.

3. Review completed state historic preservationplans prior to submission to the Department ofthe Interior.

4. Provide general advice and professional recom-mendations to the SHPO in conducting thecomprehensive statewide survey, preparing thestate historic preservation plan, and carryingout the other duties and responsibilities of theState Historic Preservation Office.

New Jersey State Review Boardc/o Historic Preservation Office

P.O. Box 404 Trenton, NJ 08625

(609) 292-2023www.state.nj.us/dep/hpo

Preservation Action:

Founded in 1974, Preservation Action advocates federallegislation to further the impact of historic preservationat the local, state, and national levels by elevating his-toric preservation to a national priority throughlegislative actions; monitoring federal agency actionsthat affect the preservation of the nation’s historic andcultural resources; participating directly in policy devel-opment; and creating an environment for others tosucceed with their preservation initiatives.

Preservation Action1350 Connecticut Avenue, NW

Suite 401Washington, DC, 20036

(202) 659-0915.FAX: (202) 659-0189

www.preservationaction.org

Preservation Alliance ofGreater Philadelphia:

Although Pennsylvania based, this organization pro-motes preservation throughout the Delaware Valley andholds facade easements on several New Jersey historicproperties. Their address is:

Preservation Alliance of Greater Philadelphia1616 Walnut Street, Suite 210

Philadelphia, PA 19103(215) 546-1146

FAX: (215) 546-1180www.preservationalliance.com

Preservation New Jersey:

PNJ is a statewide non-profit member-supported organi-zation concerned with preserving New Jersey’s historicresources through advocacy and education. PNJ serves akey role in the preservation network in the state by pro-viding information for local organizations and interestedindividuals. PNJ produces Preservation Perspective, a bi-monthly newsletter and conducts tours, and conferencesaimed at educating the public about the importance ofhistoric preservation.

Preservation New Jersey30 S. Warren Street

Trenton, NJ 08608-2002(609) 392-6409

FAX: (609) 392-6418www.preservationnj.org

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A New Jersey Anthology.

Compiled and edited by Maxine N. Lurie, New JerseyHistorical Society, 1994

Designing New Jersey.

New Jersey Office of State Planning, 2000

A Heritage Reclaimed: Report of the TaskForce on New Jersey History, Vols. II, II, III,June 1997.

A Special Look at New Jersey’sTransportation System.

New Jersey Department of Transportation, August 2000

The New Jersey Neighborhood Preservation Program.

NJ Department of Community Affairs, 1998

New Jersey Tourism Master Plan: ABlueprint for the Next Decade.

The Prosperity New Jersey Tourism Industry AdvisoryCommittee, August 1997

New Jersey Architecture.

Suzanne C. Hand, New Jersey History Series #5, New JerseyHistorical Commission, 1995.

New Jersey History Plan: Goals andRecommendations.

The Advocates for New Jersey History, adopted March 16,2001

New Jersey Historic Preservation Plan.

NJ Historic Preservation Office, 1997

BibliographyWhat a Difference a Plan Makes: A Citizen’sGuide to the New Jersey State Developmentand Re-development Plan.

New Jersey State Planning Commission, October 1997

New Jersey Planning and ProgramResources: Technical and FinancialAssistance.

Document #144, NJ Department of Community Affairs, March2001

Governor’s Council on New Jersey Outdoors Final Report.

February 26, 1998

Pennsylvania Heritage Tourism Study.

D.K. Shifflet & Associates, for the Pa. Department ofConservation and Natural Resources, May 1999

New Jersey’s Environment 2000.

New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection,November 2001.

New Jersey Department of EnvironmentalProtection Strategic Plan 1998-2001.

New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, October1999.

New Jersey Historic Preservation OfficeAnnual Reports, 1998, 1999, 2000 and 2001.

Historic Preservation in New Jersey: An Action Agenda.

Report of the Historic Preservation Advisory CommitteeOctober, 1994

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The New Jersey State Development andRedevelopment Plan.

The New Jersey State Planning CommissionAdopted March 1, 2001

A Guide to Understanding and Using the State Development andRedevelopment Plan.

The New Jersey Office of State PlanningNovember, 1994

Partners in Prosperity: The EconomicBenefits of Historic Preservation in New Jersey.

New Jersey Historic Trust January, 1998

New Jersey Historic Trust Annual Reports, 1996-2001.

New Jersey’s Common Ground 1994-1999:New Jersey Open Space and Outdoor Recreation Plan (SCORP).

Green Acres Program, Department of Environmental Protection, 1994

New Jersey Historic Preservation Commission Directory.

Historic Preservation Office, 1999

The Economics of Historic Preservation.

Donovan D. RypkemaNational Trust for Historic Preservation, 1994

New Jersey Housing & Mortgage FinanceAgency: 2000 Annual Report.

New Jersey Mortgage & Housing Finance Agency,Department of Community Affairs,2001.

Cultural Resources Strategic Plan.

National Park Service, 1997.

Caring for the Past Managing for theFuture: Federal Stewardship and America’sHistoric Legacy.

Advisory Council on Historic Preservation,2001.

Preserving New Jersey: HistoricPreservation Handbook.

Preservation New Jersey, 1995

Cultural Resource Management:“Preservation Planning”

National Park ServiceVolume 23, Number 7, 2000.

State Tax Incentive for HistoricPreservation: A State-By-State Summary

National Trust for Historic Preservation

[Forum Focus] January, February 2001.

Bibliography Continued

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Photo Credits

Cover Overall Plan and Property Detail for Llewellyn Park, West Orange.

ii Wood Street Housing Project, Trenton.

Newark & Essex Banking Company Building, Newark. Photo courtesy ofCogswell Realty and Preservation New Jersey.

vii Ben Shahn mural depicting the planning of Jersey Homesteads, Roosevelt1930’s.

viii James Rose House & Garden, Ridgewood. Rose is considered the founderIn American landscape architecture. Photo from Rose’s Creative Gardens,1958, taken by Lonnie Wasco. Courtesy James Rose MemorialFoundation.

ix Trenton Cigar Factory. Rehabilitated in the 1980’s, this is one of the mostdistinctive and popular apartment complexes in the city.

Grassy Sound, Cape May County. One of New Jersey’s most unusual andfragile maritime villages.

x Atlantic City Convention Hall, historic postcard and interior view of thenewly restored auditorium space.

1 Certified Local Government Workshop in Burlington. Mayor HermanCostello in the center.

2 Speak Out Public Meeting at Newton, one of four regional meetings heldby NJHPO and PNJ to solicit comments about historic preservation.

3 One of several New Jersey Historic Preservation Plan Advisors Meetings.

4 Stony Brook Bridge, King’s Highway Historic District. Stony Brook Bridgephoto courtesy of New Jersey Department of Transportation. BridgeMarker photo courtesy of Preservation New Jersey.

5 Paulsdale, Mt. Laurel. Home of Alice Paul.

Four Corners Historic District, Newark.

The New Jersey Historic Preservation Officeprovided all photos and illustrations,

unless otherwise indicated.

Photo IdentificationPage

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6 Architectural drawing of Rogers Locomotive Works, Paterson.

1928 plan for Radburn, Fairlawn Township, as envisioned by Clarence Stein & Henry Wright. Although only a portion was realized, Radburn stillbecame a model for 20th century planned communities.

7 Old Barracks, Trenton.

St James AME Church, Newark.

8 Edison National Historic Site, West Orange. Photo of the main buildingand guardhouse. From the Library of Congress’ American MemoryHistorical Collection, Jet Lowe, HAER photographer, 1986.

The Barron Library ca. 1880. Currently the Barron Arts Center, this build-ing is a particularly important component of Woodbridge’s architecturaland historical patrimony, as well as a source for fine art exhibitions.

9 Peter Mott House, Lawnside.

New Jersey Historic Trust grant presentation and dedication of workaccomplished. Photos provided by the New Jersey Historic Trust and theLawnside Historical Society.

10 Cover illustration of “Evesham Township Historic PreservationCommission Procedural Guidelines”.

Interior public space of the National Newark & Essex Banking Company.Building, a major historic preservation tax incentives project.

11 Hedge-Carpenter Historic District, Salem. View of the current conditionand the architects rending of its future appearance. Photo and renderingcourtesy of Noble Preservation Services, Inc/Pennrose Properties,Inc/Kitchen & Associates Architectural Services.

12 Walt Whitman House, Camden.

Hackett-Strang Farm, Salem County.

13 Collins & Pancost Hall, Merchantville. Restored storefront and historicview of building. Photos courtesy of Paul Stridick, Main Street New Jerseyand Merchantville Historical Society.

14 Operation Archeology. Deserted Village of Feltville, Union County show-ing students at work. Photo courtesy the Union County Division ofCultural & Historic Affairs.

15 Riverton Yacht Club. Photo courtesy Riverton Yacht Club.

16 Zane School, Collingswood. Historic 1911 photo, courtesy of KitchenAssociates; now offices.


41


17 CRRNJ Terminal at Liberty State Park, Jersey City. Photo provided cour-tesy of the Division of Parks and Forestry.

18 Downtown Commercial Historic District of Paterson. Historic and contem-porary view of the corner of Main & Ellison.

19 Applied to buildings such as this in the locally designated AcademyHanover Historic District in Trenton, the New Jersey Rehab Subcode provides flexibility in the rehabilitation of historic buildings.

20 New Jersey Historic Preservation Conference 2000 at Shadowlawn,Monmouth County.

21 Historic Preservation Tax Incentives Workshop in Newark, October, 2001.

22 Battleship New Jersey. Historic view of USS New Jersey firing weapons.

23 Deteriorated state of the Ellis Island hospital.

24 Revolutionary War re-enactors at Monmouth Battlefield.

25 Fairmount Apartments, a multiple unit historic preservation tax incentivesproject in Jersey City. Photo courtesy of Noble Preservation Services.

26 Englewood Downtown. Photos courtesy of Peter Beronio, EnglewoodMain Street

27 Chalfonte Work Weekend, a long-standing annual tradition in Cape May.

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Appendix AHistoric Preservation Legislation

Federal PreservationLegislation

National Historic Preservation Actof 1966 (P.L. 89-665, as amended; 16U.S.C. 470, et. seq.)

The pivotal preservation legislation with respect to cur-rent cultural resource protection is the National HistoricPreservation Act(NHPA) of 1966, which establishes abroad policy of historic preservation, including the activeencouragement of state and local efforts. The act cameabout as the result of the federal government’s acknowl-edgment of the inadequacies of the nations’ pre-1966preservation program in the face of such conditions asincreasing highway sprawl and growth of the urbanmegalopolis. The legislation serves to define historicpreservation as “the protection, rehabilitation, and con-struction of districts, sites, buildings, structures andobjects significant in American history, engineering,architecture, archaeology or culture.” Key componentsof the NHPA are:

National Register of Historic Places

The NHPA directed the Secretary of the Interior toexpand and maintain a National Register of HistoricPlaces which includes cultural resources of state andlocal as well as national significance in order to ensurefuture generations an opportunity to appreciate andenjoy the nation’s heritage. The National Register crite-ria are as follows: The quality of significance inAmerican history, architecture, archaeology, and cultureis present in districts, sites, buildings, structures, andobjects that possess integrity of location, design, settingmaterials, workmanship, feeling, association, and:

1. that are associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns ofour history; or

2. that are associated with the lives of persons significant in our past; or

3. that embody the distinctive characteristics of atype, period, or method of construction, or thatrepresent the work of a master, or that represent a

significant and distinguishable entity whose com-ponents may lack individual distinction; or

4. that have yielded or may be likely to yield information important in prehistory or history.

State Historic Preservation Office

The NHPA also established in each state and territory aState Historic Preservation Office which functions as aliaison agency between the federal and state govern-ments with respect to both general preservationprograms and project-specific cultural resource reviewand planning coordination. State Historic PreservationOffice staff and preservation plan requirements are stip-ulated in National Park Service Regulations 36 CFR 61.Currently, the National Park Service requires that eachState Historic Preservation Office consist of profession-als from the disciplines of history, archaeology, andarchitectural history. In New Jersey, the State HistoricPreservation Office implements all federal and statepreservation programs, including the National and NewJersey Registers of Historic Places, and the New JerseyHistoric Sites Inventory. The Commissioner of NewJersey’s Department of Environmental Protection servesas the State Historic Preservation Officer while theDivision of Parks and Forestry’s Historic PreservationOffice functions as the staff for administering federaland state preservation activities. The NHPA furtherestablished a matching grant-in-aid program to the stateswith respect to the identification, preservation and reha-bilitation of historic resources listed on the NationalRegister of Historic Places. New Jersey utilizes someportion of their funds allocated by regranting money forpreservation planning projects.

Section 106: Federal Agencies

Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Actinstructs every federal agency having direct or indirectjurisdiction over a proposed federally funded, licensedor permitted undertaking to take into account the effectof the undertaking on any property listed on or eligiblefor the National Register of Historic Places and to affordthe Advisory Council on Historic Preservation an oppor-tunity to comment with regard to such an undertaking.

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In turn, the Advisory Council has outlined the proce-dural process to be undertaken by federal agencies inorder to satisfy Section 106. Together, Section 106 andAdvisory Council Regulations (36 CFR 800) establish amechanism for professional evaluation and publicinvolvement during the active planning phase of all fed-erally funded, assisted, licensed, or permittedundertakings for the review of the impact of suchundertakings on cultural resources listed on or eligiblefor the National Register of Historic Places.

National Environmental Policy Act(NEPA) of 1969 (P.L. 91-190; 42 U.S.C.4321)

NEPA declares a national policy “to encourage produc-tion and enjoyable harmony between man and hisenvironment... and to enrich the understanding of theecological systems and natural resources important tothe Nation.” The National Environmental Policy Actmandates the systematic and controlled assessment ofboth natural and cultural resources in federal projectplanning.

The legislation is generally recognized by its principalrequirement that federal agencies prepare a detailedEnvironmental Impact Statement for major federalactions significantly affecting the quality of the humanenvironment. Assessment of a project’s effect uponarchaeological resources is also to be included. Councilon Environmental Quality Guidelines 40 CFR 1500,Regulations for implementing the Procedural Provisionsof the National Environmental Policy Act, stipulate thatagencies should to the fullest extent possible integrateenvironmental impact analyses and related surveys andstudies with the National Historic Preservation Act of1966 and other environmental review laws and regula-tions. Conversely, for those projects which fall belowthe Environmental Impact Statement threshold require-ments, federal agencies must nonetheless satisfy theSection 106 provisions of the National HistoricPreservation Act of 1966.

Archaeological and HistoricPreservation Act of 1974 (P.L. 93-291; 16 U.S.C. 431-433)

This legislation serves to amend the original ReservoirSalvage Act so that federal action for the identificationand preservation of significant archaeological data willbe undertaken with respect to any alteration of the ter-rain resulting from any federal construction project orfederally licensed undertaking. Federal agencies mustdemonstrate previous good faith efforts to satisfy the

National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 and AdvisoryCouncil Guidelines 36 CFR 800, prior to initiation ofArchaeological and Historic Preservation Act data recov-ery inquiries. The act also directs federal agencies tonotify the Secretary of the Interior when their activitiesmay cause irreparable loss or destruction of significantscientific, prehistoric, historic, or archaeological data.The act further authorizes the federal agency or theSecretary of the Interior to expeditiously undertake pro-cedures for the identification, recovery and preservationof threatened significant data. Although funding author-ized by the Reservoir Salvage Act has rarely, if ever,been utilized in the Northeast, supplemental moniesprovided by the Archaeological and HistoricPreservation Act of 1974 have been utilized to conductappropriate data recovery programs.

Section 101 (a)(4) of the legislation gives the Secretaryof the Interior discretionary authority to withhold frompublic disclosure the specific location of archaeologicalresources listed on the National Register when it isdetermined that “the disclosure of specific informationwould create a risk of destruction or harm to such sitesor objects.” In keeping with the spirit of the amend-ment, federal agencies should carefully evaluate allpotential deleterious effects, e.g., vandalism, whichmight accrue as a result of the publication of archaeolog-ical site locational data.

Archaeological ResourcesProtection Act of 1979 (P.L. 96-95; 16U.S.C. 470 aa-mm)

The purpose of the act is “to secure for the present andfuture benefit of the American people, the protection ofarchaeological resources and sites which are on publiclands and Indian lands, and to foster increased coopera-tion and exchange of information betweengovernmental authorities, the professional archaeologicalcommunity, and private individuals having collections ofarchaeological resources and data.” Basically, the actserves to strengthen, update, and supersede theAntiquities Act of 1906, and establishes a permit andreview process for the scientific excavation of archaeo-logical resources on federal and Indian lands, as well asproviding a full range of enforcement penalties in orderto inhibit non-sanctioned excavation, vandalism, andrelic collecting. Further, the commercial marketing ofunsanctioned archaeological materials is explicitly pro-hibited.

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Tax Reform Act of 1986 (P.L. 99-514)

Since 1976, the Internal Revenue Code has containedtax incentives to encourage the rehabilitation of incomeproducing historic structures. Although the Tax ReformAct of 1986 made substantial changes to the InternalRevenue Code, the following tax incentives for historicproperties were retained.

✦ a 20% tax credit (reduced from 25%) for the sub-stantial rehabilitation of historic buildings forcommercial, industrial and rental residential pur-poses, and a 10% tax credit for the substantialrehabilitation for non-residential purposes ofbuildings built before 1936.

✦ income and estate tax deductions for charitablecontributions of historic property.

The Abandoned Shipwreck Act of1987 (P.L. 100-298; 43 U.S.C. 2101-2106

This law transfers to states title to abandoned ship-wrecks that are on or eligible for the National Registerof Historic Places or in protected coral formations(except wrecks on Federal or Indian lands). It alsorequires the Secretary of Interior to prepare guidelinesto help states and federal agencies manage shipwreckswithin their jurisdiction. New Jersey, however, has notyet passed a shipwreck management act.

The Native American GravesProtection and Repatriation Act(P.L. 101-601)

This law requires Federal agencies and museums toinventory human remains and associated funeraryobjects and to provide culturally affiliated tribes withthe inventory of collections. The Act requires repatria-tion, on request, to the culturally affiliated tribes andestablishes a grant program within the Department ofthe Interior to assist tribes and Native Hawaiian organi-zations in repatriation and to assist museums inpreparing the inventories and collections summaries. Italso makes it illegal to sell or purchase Native Americanhuman remains.

Department of Transportation Actof 1966 - Section 4(f)

Section 4(f) is one of our strongest federal historicpreservation laws, prohibiting federal approval or fund-ing of any transportation project that requires the “use”of any historic site, public park, recreation area, orwildlife refuge, unless (1) there is “no feasible and pru-dent alternative to the project,” and (2) the project

includes “all possible planning to minimize harm to theproject.” The term “use” includes not only the directphysical taking of land, but also indirect efforts thatwould “substantially impair” the value of protectedsites. Section 4(f) applies to all federal transportationagencies, including the Federal Highway Administration(FHWA), the Federal Transit Administration, theFederal Aviation Administration (FAA), and the CoastGuard.

New Jersey Preservation Legislation

New Jersey Register of Historic Places

The New Jersey Register of Historic Places is the offi-cial list of New Jersey’s historic and archaeologicalresources. Created by the New Jersey Register ofHistoric Places Act of 1970 (Laws of 1970, Chapter 268:N.J.S.A.13.113-15.128), the New Jersey Register is pat-terned after the National Register of Historic Places.Both Registers share the same criteria for eligibility,nomination and review process. Unlike the NationalRegister law, however, the New Jersey Register lawaccords a degree of protection from state, county ormunicipal undertakings to New Jersey Register proper-ties. The state, county or municipality is responsible fordetermining whether any of their projects will affectNew Jersey Register listed properties and, if so, to pro-vide project information and effect upon such propertiesto the New Jersey Historic Preservation Office forreview and project authorization. There are two majordifferences between the Registers:

✦ private owner objection does not prevent NJRegister designation and;

✦ only properties actually listed are afforded protection under the state law.

An exceptional law when enacted, the New JerseyRegister of Historic Places law is still nearly unique.About 30 states currently have State Register lawsaffording protection against state agency undertakings,but only a handful extend the protection to includecounty and municipal undertakings.

For more information refer to the website:


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The Garden State Preservation Act

The Garden State Preservation Act (Chapter 152, Lawsof 1999) was enacted to enable New Jersey to preserve1 million acres over the next ten years. This legislationestablished, for the first time in history, a stable sourceof funding for preservation efforts and the statutoryframework necessary for its implementation. The GSPAprovides a stable source of funding to acquire and pre-serve open space, farmland and historic sites around thestate and dedicates $98 million annually for ten yearsdedicated to preservation efforts and authorizes theissuance of up to $1 billion in revenue bonds.

The Garden State Preservation Trust (GSPT) is a ninemember board created to receive and approve projectssubmitted by the Department of EnvironmentalProtection (Green Acres) and the State AgricultureDevelopment Committee (Farmland Preservation) andthe New Jersey Historic Trust.

Following are specific provisions of the legislation:

HISTORIC PRESERVATION TRUST FUND

$6 million annually for ten years to fund historicpreservation projects including matching grantawards.

GARDEN STATE GREEN ACRES PRESERVATION

DEP will continue its current duties and responsibil-ities for the Green Acres State Acquisition and Localand Nonprofit programs, with a focus on highly pop-ulated counties.GARDEN STATE FARMLAND PRESERVATION TRUST

PROGRAM

The State Agriculture Development Committee(SADC) will continue its responsibilities for theFarmland Preservation Program seeking to preservefarmland through grants to local government units topay up to 80 percent of costs of acquisition anddevelopment easements or fee simple titles, and fullcost of acquisition by the state of development ease-ments or fee simple titles.

Refer to the Garden State Preservation Trust web sitefor more information:http://www.state.nj.us/dep/greenacres/preservation.htm

Refer to the New Jersey Historic Trust, Green Acres,and Farmland Preservation as identified in the preced-ing New Jersey Historic Preservation Communitysection for further information regarding historic preser-vation activities of their respective programs.

Land Use Regulation and CoastalZone Management

Protection, preservation and management of NewJersey's wetlands and coastal zone are the responsibilityof the Land Use Regulation Program (LUR),Department of Environmental Protection (DEP). LURreviews permit applications in accordance with theFederal Coastal Zone Management Act to assure com-pliance with the Waterfront Development PermitProgram (N.J.S.A 12:5-3) and the Coastal Area FacilityReview Act of 1973 (CAFRA, N.J.S.A. 13.19-1 et seq.).In addition, LUR reviews project impacts to lands con-taining wetlands in accordance with the Federal CleanWater Act of 1977 to ensure compliance with theFreshwater Wetlands Protection Act (N.J.S.A. 13:9B-1 etseq.). Collectively these acts are intended to preserveenvironmentally sensitive lands and guide developmentalong New Jersey's valuable coastal zone, and in andadjacent to inland wetlands. Consideration of the his-toric built environment is incorporated in the reviewand compliance process.

DEP's Office of Coastal Planning directs long-rangeplanning and development for the coastal zone toensure compliance with the federally approved CoastalZone Management Program (CZMP). In order toupdate the plan, the Office is involved in establishinggoals for coastal management priorities and in proposingstrategies to better integrate aspects and goals of theCZMP, including outreach and technical assistance, poli-cy and planning, regulatory, and research.

For more information concerning these programs andpermit procedures, contact:

Land Use Regulation Program Department of Environmental Protection

P.O. Box 439 Trenton, New Jersey 08625-0439

(609) 633-2289

Office of Coastal Planning Department of Environmental Protection

P.O. Box 418 Trenton, New Jersey 08625-0418

(609) 292-2662

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Executive Order 215

Signed by Governor Thomas H. Kean; effective September 11,1989.

Executive Order 215 directs all department agenciesand authorities of the State to prepare and submit anenvironmental assessment or environmental impactstatement to the Department of EnvironmentalProtection (it includes projects directly initiated by theState as well as projects in which the State is granting atleast 20 percent financial assistance). The provisions ofthis order do not apply to maintenance or repair; facilityor equipment replacement in kind; renovations or reha-bilitation of existing buildings; expansion or additions(less than 25 percent); projects subject to review underCoastal Area Facility Review Act or the MunicipalWastewater Treatment Financing Program; projectswhich require an EIS or are classified as categoricalexclusions under the National Environmental PolicyAct; and private projects involving State loans or taxexempt financing. The Guidelines for the preparation ofan Environmental Impact Statement/EnvironmentalAssessment specifically require a discussion of the his-toric, archaeological and architectural aspects of the areaand how the project could affect significant historic,archaeological or cultural resources (N.J.A.C. 7:7E-3.36).

New Jersey Pinelands ProtectionAct of 1979 (N.J.S.A. 13:18A-1 et seq)

The New Jersey Pinelands Commission is responsiblefor the protection and management of the PinelandsArea. The regulations and standards apply to all devel-opment in the Pinelands area and are designed topromote orderly development of the Pinelands so as topreserve and protect the significant and unique natural,ecological, agricultural, archaeological, historic, scenic,cultural and recreational resources of the Pinelands.

The New Jersey Pinelands ComprehensiveManagement Plan allows the Pinelands Commission todesignate historic districts and historic, archaeological orcultural resources in furtherance of the following publicpurposes:

(a) To effect and accomplish the protection, enhance-ment, perpetuation and use of improvements andareas of special historic and archaeological interestor value which represent or reflect significant ele-ments of the Pinelands’ cultural, social, economic,political and architectural history and prehistory;

(b) To safeguard the Pinelands’ prehistoric, historic,and cultural heritage as embodied and reflected in

such improvements and areas;

(c) To stabilize and improve property values in suchareas;

(d) To prevent neglect and vandalism of historic,archaeological and cultural sites;

(e) To foster pride in the beauty and noble accom-plishments of the past; and

(f) To preserve opportunities for traditional life stylesrelated to and compatible with the ecological val-ues of the Pinelands.

For municipalities and counties within the Pinelandsarea, in order to be certified under the provisions ofArticle 3 of this Plan, a municipal master plan or landuse ordinance must provide a program for the protectionof historic, archaeological and cultural resources.Properties within the Pinelands which are listed in theNew Jersey Register of Historic Places are automaticallyafforded a measure of protection.

The Pinelands Management Plan requires that a cultur-al resource survey shall accompany all applications formajor development. Where archaeological or historicresources are present, a developer shall take all reason-able steps to preserve or record the resources.

The Pinelands Cultural Resource Management Plan forHistoric Period Sites (CRMP) has been developed inorder to provide guidance to local officials in carryingout the provisions of the CMP relating to the preserva-tion of historic resources (NJ.A.C. 7:50-6.151 et seq.).The Pinelands Commission also has available a modelhistoric ordinance, technical preservation pamphlets andother information including A Survey of PotentialHistoric Districts in the Pinelands (1993),which can aid municipalities and individuals in theirefforts to protect our shared heritage. For further infor-mation, contact the:

New Jersey Pinelands CommissionP.O Box 7

New Lisbon, NJ 08064(609) 894-9342

http://www.state.nj.us/pinelands/

Municipal Historic Preservation

Nationally, municipal historic preservation programsbegan in the 1920s and 1930s with local ordinanceswhich provided for the designation and protection ofhistoric districts in New Orleans, Charleston, andSavannah. Today there are many municipalities in theUnited States with historic preservation ordinances; inNew Jersey there are some 166 municipalities having

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some type of local historic preservation ordinance. Thehistoric preservation ordinance has become a standardplanning tool for the management of a community’s his-toric resources, much in the way that other resources areprotected by law.

Typically, historic preservation ordinances deal with thedesignation and protection of significant individualproperties (“landmarks”) and/or historic areas (“dis-tricts”). Such ordinances generally define specificboundaries, establish a review process for public andprivate actions affecting the designated sites, and set upa review board or a commission to oversee compliance.A relationship is therefore created between the land usedecision-making process and the preservation of historicbuildings and districts. The degree of authority grantedto review boards or commissions varies; they may actsimply as advisory boards, reviewing and making recom-mendations on applications for building permits forproposed alterations, or the legislation may enable themto stay, grant, or deny demolition, alteration, and newconstruction.

Municipal Land Use Law

Local preservation ordinances can be tailored to the par-ticular needs and desires of a municipality, but they allmust include sufficient policy, regulation, and procedurein accordance with state Municipal Land Use Law. NewJersey’s historic preservation enabling legislation (Lawsof 1985, Chapter 516, amended, 1991) empowersmunicipalities to adopt and to enforce historic preserva-tion ordinances, and sets guidelines for what thoseordinances should include. Historic preservation regula-tion must be through the zoning ordinance, as part of amunicipality’s overall system of land use regulation.The law also requires that historic resources be identi-fied in the municipal master plan. In New Jersey a localgoverning body may create a Historic PreservationCommission or utilize the Planning Board in regulatinghistoric resources. Historic Preservation excerpts of theNJMLUL can be found at the website listed below.Further information on historic preservation ordinancesincluding sample ordinances, can be obtained from aknowledgeable land use lawyer or historic preservationplanner, or from:

The Historic Preservation OfficeDepartment of Environmental Protection

P.O. Box 404Trenton, NJ 08625

(609) 292-2023www.state.nj.us/dep/hpo

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Appendix BHistoric Preservation Related Excerpts from the

New Jersey State Development & Redevelopment Plan: Way to Grow

The New Jersey State Development andRedevelopment Plan , ie the State Plan,was revised and adopted on March 1, 2001.

The following are direct historic preservation relatedexcerpts as cited in the State Plan. However, manyother goals and policies referenced in the State Plan arealso applicable to historic preservation activities in NewJersey

For the complete version of the State Plan or anExecutive Summary, please visit the web site athttp://www.state.nj.us/osp/plan2/main.htm.

The State Plan crosses political, ethnic and socioeco-nomic barriers to unite the citizens of New Jerseyunder a common goal: to ensure a positive future for allof us, a future bright with dynamic economic opportuni-ties, maximized human potential enhancedenvironmental, historical and cultural resources andrevitalized cities and towns.

Statewide Goals,Strategies and Policies

General Plan Strategy: Achieve all the State PlanningGoals by coordinating public and private actions toguide future growth into compact, ecologically designedforms of development and redevelopment and to pro-tect the Environs, consistent with the StatewidePolicies and the State Plan Policy Map.

Statewide Goals

The State Plan responds directly to legislative man-dates of the State Planning Act. These mandates arepresented below as State Planning Goals. Strategies foreach Goal set forth the general approach taken by theState Plan to achieve the Goal, and provide the policycontext for the Plan. The General Plan Strategy setsforth the pattern of development necessary to achieve

all the Goals. Each Goal has a Vision describing whatconditions would be in 2020 with the goal achieved.The Visions are written in the present tense but refer toconditions as they could be in the future. Each Goalalso gives Background on the area covered by the goaland a list of Related Plans that should be used toachieve the Goal.

The State Planning Act contains three key provisionsthat mandate the approaches the Plan must use inachieving State Planning Goals. The Plan must: encour-age development, redevelopment and economic growthin locations that are well situated with respect to pres-ent or anticipated public services or facilities and todiscourage development where it may impair or destroynatural resources or environmental qualities.

reduce sprawl promote development and redevelop-ment in a manner consistent with sound planning andwhere infrastructure can be provided at private expenseor with reasonable expenditures of public funds.(N.J.S.A. 52:18A-196, et seq.)

Present and anticipated public services and facilities arelocated in the state’s urban and suburban areas and inthe many smaller towns and villages existing throughoutthe rural areas of the state. These services are usuallyestablished in a central place and are extended outward.Sprawl occurs when growth is not logically related toexisting and planned public services and facilities.Sound planning would encourage patterns of develop-ment that are less expensive than sprawl patternsbecause they can be served more efficiently with infra-structure. A plan that adheres to these three mandates,therefore, should have a general strategy that promotescompact patterns of development adequately served byinfrastructure.

GOAL #1: Revitalize the State’s Cities and Towns

GOAL #2: Conserve the State’s Natural Resources andSystems

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GOAL #3: Promote Beneficial Economic Growth,Development and Renewal for All Residentsof New Jersey

GOAL #4: Protect the Environment, Prevent and CleanUp Pollution

GOAL #5: Provide Adequate Public Facilities andServices at a Reasonable Cost

GOAL #6: Provide Adequate Housing at a ReasonableCost

*GOAL #7: Preserve and Enhance Areas with Historic,Cultural, Scenic, Open Space andRecreational Value

GOAL #8: Ensure Sound and Integrated Planning andImplementation Statewide

Historic Preservation

GOAL #7: Preserve and Enhance Areas with Historic,Cultural, Scenic, Open Space andRecreational Value

StrategyEnhance, preserve and use historic, cultural, scenic,open space and recreational assets by collaborativeplanning, design, investment and management tech-niques. Locate and design development andredevelopment and supporting infrastructure toimprove access to and protect these sites. Support theimportant role of the arts in contributing to communitylife and civic beauty.

Vision of New Jersey in the Year 2020

In the Year 2020, residents, workers and visitors alikerecognize the central role that New Jersey’s history, arts,architecture, culture, recreational opportunities and sce-nic beauty plays in our quality of life, and also itssignificant impact on our economic prosperity and envi-ronmental quality.

Historic PreservationIn 2020, historic sites and districts are given specialrecognition in their communities and are integrated intolocal zoning and development strategies. Seeking tomaximize the unique character of their communities,nearly all municipalities in New Jersey have enacted

ordinances recognizing the value of local history andproviding limited protection of historic resources. Inaddition, these communities have conducted surveys toidentify and map the location of sites, landmarks anddistricts as part of the master plan process. Utilizing thestate’s building code that enables economically viablerehabilitation of historic properties, builders and devel-opers embrace the ideals of conserving resources byrevitalizing existing neighborhoods. Creative use ofbuilding codes now encourages the retention of the his-toric fabric of our communities. Development projectsaround the state provide for archaeological investiga-tions and on-site public observation, enhancing theunderstanding of our past and increasing the awarenessof the current cultural diversity of the state.

BackgroundThe topographic features of New Jersey’s geologic past,along with its many historic and cultural landmarks,including urban skylines, provide a scenic and culturaldiversity that enhances the quality of New Jersey life.The vistas provided by these natural and historic fea-tures also contribute to the state’s economic health byattracting many visitors each year.

New Jersey was one of the first regions in the UnitedStates to be fully settled. Consequently, many of theolder structures in the state serve as outstanding exam-ples of styles of architecture, design, andcraftsmanship-valuable historical resources. Beginningin 1985, the Municipal Land Use Law specificallyenabled municipalities to include a master plan elementto address historic preservation, as well as local ordi-nances to implement this part of the master plan. Manymunicipalities have established historic preservationcommissions and historic preservation ordinances sincethen, though some were already moving in that direc-tion on their own. A number of municipalities evenemploy full-time preservation professionals. Althoughthere has been substantial growth in the number ofmunicipalities that have historic preservation elementsin their master plans, or historic preservation ordi-nances, most do not.

In order to better protect and preserve our historicresources, it is vital to catalog and inventory whatresources exist, why it is important and how to best uti-lize its historic value. One way to do this is to list theresource with the state and national registers of historicplaces. Doing this protects it from government action orintervention on any level. Several state programs,including Farmland Preservation, Green Acres, the New

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Jersey Pinelands Protection Act and Coastal AreaFacility Review Act regulations, and all federal pro-grams now require careful attention to historicalsignificance. But more still needs to be done to inte-grate historic preservation with infrastructure andeconomic development activities.

Related PlansOther plans, programs and reports related to preservingand enhancing areas with historic, cultural, scenic, openspace and recreational value include:

New Jersey Common Ground: 1994-1999 New Jersey OpenSpace and Outdoor Recreation Plan(New JerseyDepartment of Environmental Protection, Green AcresBureau of Recreation and Open Space Planning, 1995).

Final Report: Summary of Findings(Governor’s Councilon New Jersey Outdoors, February 1998).

New Jersey Trails Plan (New Jersey Department ofEnvironmental Protection, Division of Parks andForestry, Office of Natural Lands Management, 1996).

New Jersey Historic Preservation Plan(New JerseyDepartment of Environmental Protection, Division ofParks and Forestry, Historic Preservation Office, 1997

Arts Plan for New Jersey: Towards a Thriving New Jersey, AStatewide Plan for the Arts(1997). Assesses the state ofNew Jersey’s arts community.

County Park, Recreational and Open Space Plans(various).Pursuant to N.J.S.A. 40:12.16, these plans are requiredby counties desiring to expend funds from a countyopen space preservation trust fund to acquire land.Currently 19 counties have such funds.

Statewide Policies

These Statewide Policies are designed to improve boththe planning and the coordination of public policyamong all levels of government through flexible applica-tion. The Statewide Policies address 19 substantiveareas. These policies provide guidance for municipal,county, regional and state planning initiatives. Using

the State Plan Policy Map as guidance, these policiesare applied to each Planning Area, Center and Environin a unique and appropriate manner to achieve the goalsof the State Planning Act.

Statewide Policy Categories

1. Equity

2. Comprehensive Planning

3. Public Investment Priorities

4. Infrastructure Investments

5. Economic Development

6. Urban Revitalization

7. Housing

8. Transportation

* 9. Historic, Cultural and Scenic Resources

10. Air Resources

11. Water Resources

12. Open Lands and Natural Systems

13. Energy Resources

14. Waste Management, Recycling and Brownfields

15. Agriculture

16. Coastal Resources

17. Planning Regions Established by Statute

18. Special Resource Areas

19. Design

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Historic, Cultural and Scenic Resources

Protect, enhance, and where appropriate rehabilitatehistoric, cultural and scenic resources by identifying,evaluating and registering significant historic, culturaland scenic landscapes, districts, structures, buildings,objects and sites and ensuring that new growth anddevelopment is compatible with historic, cultural andscenic values.

Policy 1 Identification and Inclusion

Coordinate the identification of historic areas, historicsites, landscapes, archaeological sites and scenic corri-dors for inclusion in state and national registers and incounty and municipal planning documents.

Policy 2 Municipal Plans

Include historic surveys and scenic corridors in localmaster plans.

Policy 3 Preservation Guidelines

Ensure uniformity in guidelines used by all levels ofgovernment for the preservation and rehabilitation ofhistoric buildings.

Policy 4 Historic Resources andDevelopment Regulations

Protect the character of historic sites, landscapes, struc-tures and areas through comprehensive planning,flexible application of zoning ordinances, constructioncodes and other development regulations.

Policy 5 Archaeological Resources

Investigate, protect and document archaeologicalresources identified prior to disturbance of the site.Encourage voluntary, expedited documentation ofarchaeological finds that might not otherwise be investi-gated, especially in private construction sites.

Policy 6 Historic Resources andInfrastructure

Locate and design public and private capital improve-ments to protect historic resources and their settingsfrom the immediate and cumulative effects of construc-tion and maintenance of these improvements.

Policy 7 Historic Structure Re-useand Affordable Housing

Promote adaptive reuse of historic structures to provideaffordable housing, where appropriate, in ways thatrespect architectural and historic integrity.

Policy 8 “Main Street” Programs

Promote “Main Street” and other programs to aid inprotecting historic sites and structures during revitaliza-tion of traditional downtown areas.

Policy 9 Identification andDelineation of Scenic andHistoric Corridors

Participate in the coordination of state, regional andlocal government identification and delineation of sce-nic and historic corridors throughout New Jersey, andtake the necessary steps to protect them.

Policy 10 Greenways, Scenic andHistoric Corridors

Establish within a regional greenway system publiclyaccessible portions of scenic and historic corridors toprovide passive and active recreational and culturalopportunities.

Policy 11 Development Patterns andDesign to Support Scenicand Historic Values

Manage development and redevelopment to maintain,complement and enhance scenic and historic valueswithin identified and delineated scenic and historic cor-ridors.

Policy 12 Protection andPreservation of Scenic andHistoric Corridors

Protect scenic and historic corridors by appropriatemeans and preserve them by using easement purchase,density transfers, fee simple purchase and other innova-tive and effective mechanisms.

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Policy 13 Museums

Support museums, libraries, interpretive centers,archives and other public buildings as repositories ofpast culture and showcases for contemporary culture,and locate them in Centers, where appropriate, as inter-connected components of community-based learningnetworks.

Policy 14 Civic Design and Public Art

Encourage high-quality design of all public buildingsand landscapes, and promote the use of art in all publicbuildings and spaces.

Policy 15 Economic Development

Use historic preservation as a tool to promote economicdevelopment.

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In developing this document, the Historic PreservationOffice and Preservation New Jersey recently distributedstatewide a survey regarding historic preservation inNew Jersey, which resulted in the following responses:

The Preservation of New Jersey's his-toric resources is important for thefollowing reasons: (Top 3 Responses)

Sixty percent of respondents felt that preservation wasimportant because it "provides a sense of place," while48% indicated that it "improves quality of life. The abil-ity of preservation to "provide learning opportunities"and "strengthen communities" were tied as the thirdchoice by 44% of respondents.

Which of the following best describesthe most pressing challenges to his-toric preservation in New Jersey: (Top 3 Responses)

"Demolition or neglect of historic structures" was thetop choice with76% of respondents, and "lack of eco-nomic incentive to stimulate private preservation" waschosen by 61%. Forty-eight percent indicated the "lackof general public information/education" as a pressingchallenge.

What do we need most in order to do abetter job of protecting historicresources in New Jersey: (Top 3 Responses)

A better job of protecting historic resources wouldinvolve "incorporating preservation in all planningefforts" according to 64% of respondents, and 57% ofrespondents choose "creation of private incentives."Fifty-two percent of respondents chose "Creation oflocal historic preservation master plans and ordinances."

Appendix CSpeak Out! Survey Results

Which of the following kinds of finan-cial incentives do you think would bemost effective in preserving our mostvaluable historic resources: (Top Response)

Fifty-one percent of respondents choose "create privateincentives" as the most effective incentive for encourag-ing preservation.

Eighty-eight percent of respondents "think that historicresources should be preserved as part of the state's openspace and farmland preservation initiative."

Ninety percent of respondents indicated that "historicresources should also be protected as part of local and/orcounty initiatives for open space and farmland preserva-tion."

Of the choices given below, which arebest able to protect historicresources?: (Top 2 Responses)

"State government" was chosen by the majority ofrespondents (51%) while 42% indicated "non profitgroups" as best able to protect historic resources.

Which of the following groups shouldreceive more educational materials andbetter access to preservation informa-tion: (Top 2 Responses)

"County and municipal officials" were the top choice at74%, with the general public following as second with62% or respondents.

Which best describes your own community?

Suburban residents made up 61% of respondents, 24%were from rural areas, and 13% from urban areas.

The most pressing challenge to historic preservation in my community is:

While the responses were relatively evenly distributed,"residential development" was chosen by a slight majori-ty of respondents (25%)

Fifty-six percent of respondents indicated that "preser-vation was a consideration in their local planning andzoning decisions."

The historic resources in my communitythat are the most important to preserveare: (Top 3 Responses)

Homes, mains streets/downtown, and neighborhoodswere the top three responses at 60%, 52% and 33%respectively.

Sixty-eight percent or respondents indicated that they"live in a house that is at least 50 years old."

What type of technical assistancewould you find most beneficial? (Top 3Responses)

"Historic preservation commission training" was thenumber one choice at 58%. "Publications/referencematerials "and general "training workshops" were tied asthe second response at 51%, while "old house fairs" waschosen by 29% or respondents.

State of New JerseyNJ Department of Environmental Protection

Natural & Historic ResourcesHistoric Preservation officeP.O. Box 404, Trenton, New Jersey 08625-0404

Tel: (609) 984-0176 Fax: (609) 984-0578

visit our Website at:www.state.nj.us/dep/hpo

This publication has been financed in part with federal funds from the National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior, and administered by the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, Historic Preservation Office. The contents and opinions do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of the Interior. This program receives federal financial assistance for the identification and protection of historic properties. Under Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, the U.S. Department of the Interior prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, national origin, or handicap in its federally assisted programs. If you believe that you have been discriminated against in any program, activity, or facility as described above, or if you desire further information, please write to: Office of Equal Opportunity, National Park Service, 1849 C. Street NW (NC200), Washington, D.C. 20240

Rev. 12/08

rogerclark

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Mail Code 501-04B New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Historic Preservation Office PO Box 420 Trenton, New Jersey 08625-0420 TEL: (609) 984-0176 FAX: (609) 984-0578 www.nj.gov/dep/hpo

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