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BEIDOU NAVIGATION SATELLITE SYSTEM CHINAS ANSWER TO GPS

introductionThe BeiDou Navigation Satellite System is a Chinese satellite navigation system. It consists of two separate satellite constellations a limited test system that has been operating since 2000, and a full-scale global navigation system that is currently under construction.The first BeiDou system, officially called the BeiDou Satellite Navigation Experimental System and also known as BeiDou-1, consists of three satellites and offers limited coverage and applications. It has been offering navigation services, mainly for customers in China and neighboring regions, since 2000.

descriptionBeiDou-1 is an experimental regional navigation system, which consists of four satellites (three working satellites and one backup satellite). The satellites themselves were based on the Chinese DFH-3 geostationary communications satellite and had a launch weight of 1,000 kilograms (2,200 pounds) each.Unlike the American GPS, Russian GLONASS, and European Galileo systems, which use medium Earth orbit satellites, BeiDou-1 uses satellites in geostationary orbit. This means that the system does not require a large constellation of satellites, but it also limits the coverage to areas on Earth where the satellites are visible.The area that can be serviced is from longitude 70E to 140E and from latitude 5N to 55N. A frequency of the system is 2491.75 MHz.[

Basic principlesOpennessIndependencyCompatibilityGradualness

System structureGround SegmentThe ground segment consists of Master Control Station, Upload Stations and Monitor Stations.User SegmentThe user segment consists of BeiDou user terminals and interoperable terminals with other GNSS.

accuracyThere are two levels of service provided; a free service to civilians and licensed service to the Chinese government and military.The free civilian service has a 10-meter location-tracking accuracy, synchronizes clocks with an accuracy of 10 nanoseconds, and measures speeds to within 0.2 m/s. The restricted military service has a location accuracy of 10 centimetres, can be used for communication, and will supply information about the system status to the user. To date, the military service has been granted only to the People's Liberation Army and to the Military of Pakistan

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applicationsSurvey and mappingCommunicationWater conservancyDisaster mitigationMarineTransportationMiningForest fire rescue

progressCurrently, BeiDou is developing as planned.As an important GNSS, BeiDou seeks win-win development with other systems through active cooperation and mutual benefits.C&I is the development trend of GNSSs, and also the good way for BeiDou to better serving the world.BeiDou is willing to achieve C&I with other GNSSs through more communications and coordinations.

referenceshttp://cdn.fieldtechnologies.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/gps-satellite-tracking-system.jpghttp://www.brightsideofnews.com/Data/2011_12_28/BeiDou-Meet-Star-Wars-The-Chinese-Version/Lockheed%20Martin_GPS%20III%20artist%20rendition_689.jpghttp://www.samuitimes.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/beidous.jpg