Page 1
~:e:_. I.P.: A522_12 fl
'-·
WAR DEPARTdffiNT
OFFICE OF THE CHIEF SIGNAL OFFICER.
WASHINGTON
Ur. George A. Graham, Electrical Engineer, Signal Corps Laboratories, Fort !~nmouth, Hew Jersey.
Dee.r Graham;
I am forwarding herewith the papers 1n the case of the cipher machine for your attention.
I looked over the spec1f1cntions very casually and they seem to be all right. I hope that you will have more time to give to them that I, but !Jr. Rowe seems to h&ve done a very careful job and I hardly think there will be sn:it errors,e~cept possibly t:,rpocraphical ones.
Sincerely yours,
~ncloslll'e&; Papers.
JA'pproved for Release by NSA on 11-20-2013 pursuant to E.O. 1352§
~illi&~ F. Frieeman.
Page 2
REF ID:A52212B ..... -· - . --·-. -· - ---·- -··· .. - ·..:·. . -.. ~. .
. ~ .· . ·"
tli1e iaYeUoa rolatee to 017ptognpldo 91•t;- u4 aa obJeot.. flt the
1nnatian ii to provid• a orntocnpfl· !'o.r · e.icipharin.g f.\ftd decipb.e.rtAc •••Ml• , -atouUcall7, rl~.<'1'11ly ad b,r' a a&t.hod wM.cb,, .~ .. '81.ng a'aolatel' 1pmod!.o,. I \
A hr.her obj.rict o:r th.la irtvention 1s tile. Pl"OVi:ston .ot a crntoaraph
~trolled b)" aaa111 c<1or'1i:uaW vi th e clpba-k.97 ·tr¨ ttw thl"Mp 'Wh1ch
J.1 paaaed • kq tll!'l3 which aervu e.s the :te,tna el-..t. tn the enc.iphenen\
A furth8J" obJec\ ot this 1ravent.1on ta the p.-ovilicn ot a ft',Y,P'M#aph,
which, although =Plo71ng .for iu k.,-!D.g el.umt a plwral-anit-oode ot the
·aau<lot ·type (a eode at thtrty' ... two pe:r.IRl\liUcms), ·nner\hale•o produces
cryptogru.e t!io ohar3.c·t.ors ot which· are :rest.r1ckd to the tweav-as.z let-t.en
at· the alpbbet.. In '111.a respec.t the c~1P!P"Si* exclwlea tlw tHU&l 11.s: ctr&
Baw'lot Qharact.ers. th• tr•atsS'i.QD of' whioh occa11ioae mah dut1cul • .la
ordJ.naq telepa;th.T bf .th~ lforn alpb•t. ~· wq in which theae six aws oh.aractePo· !Ara eUainated aoastl t\:rt.es one ot tile urdqUe and 1aponm\ tea~
A~ object of thia invent1aa 1~ to pro.,;de a C17Pt.og:raph adapted ·to
tuncUCA elthe.r btdependentl:y. as a nU-oonWncd crntQfr11pl:10 unit, o:r Sa
em~unc\ion with a ia.~t. tJ.i1"l"ite:' baY.in,g a etandanl 'JpawriWI' lteJr
board.. Jn the .first case, the cr,rptopaph.. iaekea u perunmt record ·of th•
•••ias•1 bu\ mor.q prod\ieee vi.Mtal sipftlaJ in tho seccad c•M.t the tl17Pto--
8ftph ukes poaalble the .fU"Odaot1cm ol ri W1"1 t.\A reool'd ot tAe aeasaa•·
r.eti•la& at t.!ie:.tr.aaitt.tng end ot .a O#ma11·1cat1on qatm ••a aeans· .for
direct.17. ecntrollirag a telegraph t-rar1sm1tter l:e7board, .so that the 1ntel11a••
. _______ ......,...,.,_ ... '(_____ ..... _ -~~_._,_,~_ . ....,...... _________________ !!!!!""!" _,,.,.....-·
Page 3
REF ID:A52212B
to a tl'D:-1\ted 111 •t.onticaUr act.~ bcd0:ra uu-.&1#i0t1J ad
•.tailt.tlJ,. •t the racMinn; .a, a oo~d!.og. ftJJ>togra.ph tuno\tono aa< •
au.no tor lnd!l"ectlf ·OC'it~Jt M. or4ih&rJ '1Pfi•rit.elt *>that the' intelll
~·•• ft4'.~tvo4 in w1p·lO~phtc r~~ te d4Jei.ph~ WO!'$ bea1 't:t~ bJ· ~
't-JPftl'lW-.
-that in· PJ!H\1cel.l;r ~l. tlttt JO'~~e •~i<ml, *lr~ieal, oti flech#Ulff-·
el~ctnnl crr,pto::;r~pbio dti'f'.1•.'4Ht or $9'/ltl~ hei-etofol.'9 4'lv1~." the OJ:Til~
~'~ ad dMJ7ptog:f'a~ of •~$Al•• i& -~ con~ett bt ~l-.'4J
all e~ed ~1thin the~- twellJ wt iii, •. liui•t ... inftl'ie.bla
ttla:cv o«mc&~ :la tht. Njpt!'>gtapbic natmertt, :fdl' nll !:'tt!li tb.llf k~'" or
v~ritlble ele~t$ ftlf' ~mlU~a; lmi er;r,pmgamplii• \h[l.~t f~~ Ufee!D"~
.~ttJ ~f tb~ tlerlee tfJ' apper~twJ. 1A [email protected] ~t1cn to th!~ t'iituatiOll,
:in oor in11"en:t~on., ~l.y tht1 t.~ic, er 1nftrt$.ibl$ ·el_.u ~Cflrn:ed in ~
eJ'yP'tog:Nt.phic tracs,-.t. ttN i».~el p.1'.ri!:f. ot tile 1.ll~dumimll;J · th~ key::btt'h: or
va.~1abU! ale~~- 'belll~ •hollJ iad~~t1mt of the ll~h~.td.am itmelf, @ootHU.at
•f an atr-saou& fa.eto~ lth..teh whm prop&'rl.T •a4'0ei•t~u 'Wd.\h tha ~-am.
tl"Ol.' ~ baolc 01"' ta~i&bl• e,t~•ett. ta of the rir.~l• in OJ'1P~ttrapb!a4
ad deoeyptographtng MSl!!l.gtH~~·
In tb~ ~ltCh!$B~ dn\1dn.g:H
P.tg.1 ls .a. 4i•~t.J.c .tnu~u-~uon ot a ~-·~s
\htt lft1'$1;tl®·J
J'!~ .. t iS! a vi• tn #J1d.o el.tt"mti• @h~ ~ ~ the ~\t.l~
or ~n.teUe :ohm~ an1e•J
111,J &hows 'Ula.\~ of.~ ~\Ato.t mtoh ~m•• th• ntcae.t.
·Poba1• Ml, 11i1- lnQhlde.t an Ulusttat1<m of th~ 'the-1 @\fipp1itC ugne\ -4
pa•lt
~~-. /~===-~----
Page 4
REF ID:A52212B ----···~~:
.-• ': .-
r11.s t.~ • vte. 1111 Hde ctevt\t1- ~how1ttg to 4oWl et th• ~t.w
d:tl'fe cmd. ~hllln& •iiol'1 .U
n.,.1 is a plm 'fl.ft p~ 1» eeouoa of ·tJ5. 001111V1~tu> dri.v• a4
!.'W w•t.te $'MltrGl. tb.~nf•r.,
It 1e ~.lieYN- that> .an ~••U. of tll@ a4h--tf.c ~·e•ta:tibr.i Gt
j, ,)~.if' our inv•tit.m 1d.ll :ro:rm tne be.st ~•1G for 1t.4' Ud:uotam.dins,, antl ~ref••
· 'I- rof'e~o• ~1U 1- ilUi.U aon ~Ueulat!'ly to Pig\lre 1. lo tbitJ 11~n-1 l
'"J>l"e$t1U't.$ the k~ ttl \It~ arn\QP'\Jh, ·tho ~l'ii.191_.ll, :Of tJw t-.t.y;-'$1%
k•• $~"''°' b&t.g ~tlt. ifJ't tile $~(i~ ~1'*r k6'J'bo*'ri ·•eept ~t cl:'
·tcwaty ... a1x: ~Q-tl eo~Q~I to "• t•fm~ 1e\~e ot the ~abut. ~"
blclud~.. la® ke.7 ot .t.ho: qy~d- 0;pei+~~ m &1M1'll'1ettl •ntliiot, af) MOID
•cb~t:icall.7 tor the ·~· ~ -. kf.1.7$. .In ddiU~, .~ k•boaJ'd 1e p~vid..ul
with a -ot:d•fQ'sal ·:bar- wM<tb. 1.o ~~aw tdth tiff.eh 4'*Presdo• ·or an1 ·tey.. I.
boa~ .Qf tble t11>e ~- well lmowa .tn th• m q<i '.l'~ln J.\O furt2le~ d$'aa'ipti.mt.
· fbe oi1her •11bl er ~utor 11 a-. a~ 2 ia rt.pre l. lt .uy 1'&; -4•
flt· bakelite • •i:ad.141lr .nwi.al;, ad $@rt•• .u a eo•uta'°1" or comuioUon
enqpg tt•Yi• to11 Olift'7'bla tifv-• ~dl-ty,pe c-taots ~id h t•
rln&• OJ" 11u1ta of '••'1~ -•, ae StJ.t -be1ni plat,ed a ·t1ltt obvv_,• i'ae& S,,
.ct ~ 111!~ 2, tae' Otlwi" &S:t ~I ~al,- pl4Md • the ~v.-ae taoe s, of'
ttte m•l•- ·.the t._tv"""'~lx C11A~t1t • ea,cb ,taoe fd'e ,l.!Teaged eqtd.d11--.G.y
ho&•• eot'bw ~a~ *¢tJomt to tb• p~~117 of t.hf.l f4M• th• COlilt.Acts
• the at.we~n he& •m• eoMeoW to \boa& m th!t HYWIG taoe bl ~• of'
t'lexib1e, kl:.ill.W oon&tc•n 11bieh ,au ~lb tbs intlwtf# ot the •~l.,
aa lhon ff1*1aticall,r ad by •1 ot ~tu r~i-e l, tor ·t• pd..rtf ot
eonu.et.e. · fhe. fd:Yh•r w~ oi!' ~tawr 1a tiDtl u~ the slmft ?, •hieh
•~nu as au ~- ~~t •bicb tbi) ~i'.ultol •aw nta.te. !ft• e.tm.c-tt1t. of ttc. olrlw:ae
t&e.o s, of titfJ' ci"b~r ~1 ~N$$ a~wat b&ll""'1leuia1 t:ypm eontacte au.mpd
-on, ~· f~: pl.ate 4; ·the coata"te of tt.u:~ nvGrett t~\ee s., of th• ctpller wheel.
press 4itd.:uit bill~maa ~ contfAotis, ~s;ed on the find plates. ~
····:
··-_____ ..,....,.,,,...,...,. _______ .,..___,,..._..~------------------.----"
Page 5
REF ID:A52212B
tu.4 ~t..•e .t ad S ~ ~11;t41a twm-tt:y-111.X:' GOntmct.m arr•:s:n ~ui<!l!iJtM,tJ.7 in a .d.rcl•• Da,e fi~.r •..i J!IE.');t~t."Sl$ Ut;"ilf.,_ ~$e f:lx~ p.ltites 4 ~ f. ao
tb~t. -~ ._~t~ a ta• ob\te~$~ faM I, of ~ eipbl!ffe.fi t.'bMl prHmt.11 itedt
u ~ to ~h (IWl~f.. Vli! )l$te. ~\• Mi ·etU:h ~tact Gt\ t.he r.n~l"f.1(1 .factt &,
ot th• clp.~'HJI" •••i ,))J'.~e~ it~elt in tu;m;. ~-ch ~t!M.t't. en. pl~~te &, a.s t.h•
s&1d lrht-e'l. · l'Ot4te•~ ~ ·CO!a t..cts of ~1$.te $ ~ :rf.'lep•eti 'rel¥ ~•t~t! 'b1·
c~~- • the ttoat.!!!ets of thit kq~ 1J; thJi ·CGf1ti.iets ·'4 'lit~ 4 ttn
.n.eti"l.T ~~ 'b,- c•dt;l•tortl to~ bad: .or· twnt~-d.• il1'"tr1c1'l1 ~-1-.n·b
~eh JIDY ~- ~ll l•P*• nl«:r$1 ·tn" ~lnoid!s. ;0X!ly t:wo.' o.f ~Ch qe t1'hoc Qli
a.t 10,, :I~ th$ 14*• ot si.Ud.'7 •f ~~'1'1nj 1 t, "111 be ill$llll'*1 ~t the
el6otrtca1 olam.ts: tn- '1:llll ~- are ltmpa., . .b ab(t'.m ~ .Jl1t11f'& 1, ._ -· Jt., ·~· 1• u~u•1 'i:a:mr&iafi ~ Ciptws- whlff4 - ·b$. b ... ,o~t\ioa. :lu<U.caW 1~
th• tlfp,r•,. a d.ll'mit {$ ea~bll-- as f'ol.to•st ·~ poettive ~l.e ot
t.tt~ u tbnm~ ~duw.r a, eh•-4 ~ll~t at ~ •q• bq, ~;tor lSJ
~\fft. 14 ... n·~ pl.at$: ... 'COl!ltS'tt.'t. 11 ~ tiphe-r •at t.. ~&Jeter 14,
«mt~o:t lY ot #ifAlW ~l t, ~~ot lt ot pltot. 11l,. ,c®diJ«tor 191 \h~
.la; It, ~~ .. m to nqati'f& of b11ttiJ17 .u. k~ ~o ib&ia a •·•uJluc:tmt
llaas tdal!kt\f ~f$ft it, e •M«* ~ JJitt•r l• p~Wd, fVlT tb~ lfli~ •p.,
B••, ~iti:t)a oi" ~ ktq •q• a th$ ~~d ll••s the e1,.of' Hnlt~t.
•p, ~,- t.ho •Jld1U-$ s~tied •.
:~pt>$~ th.ft" t.h• ~., 8 1'* t>t tl~ l«f'bo!f,\tf ·b\ depft~:t•d'.1 !A1t~ of ·~·.,,
It f'.1.tlle•:ta~ :~• ~th s~s tt~ fo'Z' ·the t.1111tetr~oai · eol"~t, 1 t nil be· ~m ~t,
tk •q• 1m1~ ~ll k llt'hted .. 'ftmo.- ~~oi\7 :t~ ~'W.bth~ ~tftm ti'!:»
ket• w t,.~-. ~et~:rri ~illi· th~ la~pt; e tb~t .if, t'1r '(!t~»J.~, t? ·=- ¥, tn !C-Ci~
hil't 'I *· -~ ,~l\ ~1~~•11A!• ft* ••• ~,~ !•1•t10n•b!~ can be ••"bli*°'
~th•' th~ &11$t.~ ~ $mn~t .. t~ tb~ .fl'.$'1!:!\\11' ~tta~to~5 it\ ~ hrt.~t'ioJ>
of~ d~111i~ ft4!)1!)1 b. ft ¥11~,~~,t~ta ~~l" t.o p:!d.J"tri ~t~~t:S ~ 'tit+~ O~l"~G
'.lt .th!!t ~i~er iwbeel .. 4>.1."!t stat.1MUT* thlj rf.Jl.~t1oaab1p btitt~ell 'tbc ke7
4~r&$'~et\ ~~~SJ ill:~t.4., t.~1zy,·t. 1$1 tbe. •:i'ftlerul9 ht.'llMa pl.4!.&-
Page 6
',"-.~~1;~ i ~:.·"._... l - .- ·.%;:-t:":~.·~:·.~~~~~::-:··~'.~4::·::~{~.;! .. \;~-:}:''·-~ .. ~-:<· :; _1•:' J
~ .· ··-··· .. ,,R:E:F. ·l!n'~:,~2"2'i2·11
~ •d: dJ,lhia't' .l$tten., 'lllmU be tbe4 tor •ch ·wti-1.ns ot the int.nor of tho
01~ ~l. Bttt the o19hv ttheel 1• J'Ot.hbl& a4 bmce t:h!B "1.~t.tmumip
1.s 3\lbJ»Ct' to l'uiatiM,. As Um~ tlliZ usmbed our oi;pUr U.$l 111 '1 • •••
h~\ !~ th• at-rt.. $:I.mil.ml" ~- -i:ftg Will ktmtm iQ, e>tbel" Ci"1'Jtopfl•• .. ,.,.
cip~ wh•.11•·•· ~, no•el ta ~ to c~ t••~s 0«»mMted With
the ...,. 11\ whith ~ nl:EJ.·Utmsbi;p ~\~ pl.al..,~ •11 oi;pbe;r l~t~' l•
~:1.t -.d c.•trt)].lcd". ad tr•• t~~UO'ff 'rill n01t "ht· pr(t4.n•td.
:ift. t;l:Te n~B$!l ~df,; eaeh ·~ --.s1$t1•« of M ~6.Ute\tf.,..pacd
pt.1. th~ ·pms, -ick a~ ~~le :imt~•t.11; i!Jtt11 ~~f'.nM:,r ~agmi
ta potlpa ·ot fi•-r~a ~•vw•~ ot ~.· d.11. tu~,~~·· po~t\t~ t-or
~~u~ i»J'Ell"ati• tn filt~e gth, the· pe~ta1ti~e ot. a p.1ud ttait:
OO!ie w:eh. a~ th ~tt cw i11u~t code. 'To a.pl~ 1'bat i• ~t,f> • •1 n7
t~t a.eeo~ to the ~dot~, tbre p~tati• .of .i .. tm .tor the l~t..P
A. lf11" &~pl.:ei, ia "P~t.~41 thVfH. +l.:... n 4 i • ror C\t!' ~ff«tS we 91ll let . ·r ... ••
tu + ai&G 1ndi.oa.a th.a~ a; ~ ia to k po$1tioned tGr pe@:UJ.Y'O ~t.S.•,
t'be -,Ji..__, tha:t. Lt 1.tt ·to be left m iw bope:raUw Oit' 1aactl•• po&itA•*
In F1~N I ·th~n. 1~ o.»•. & vtft ta siile el~tion Gt a -~= ot ~ t!br.
o£ t» oi~ttr l'.itieol. cw· ~tater. lid.th~~" l'lo» '~na 6tscr1~-• tile
pha huUeaW by dott~ linet1 bl ·~tli fi-~ "P~ftat piu dlich l'.lAve ~
let\ dOPJ"$fll$ed .in. thcl.Jr in~tiVel ,oaition:S; ta. pbe indi"tod bl \lllbole l.i4tab
npr:~aat pSi~a llbieh. h<lW bee& tie•Wd iitto ~it- aoti'" poelt.i.01u:1. The
ponmtati~st ~~11mteti ~ i"t,p:~e 2 Cflrr•pont to lila B@udo't $i1fl·dQ' :<'>r the·
l•tt:erG t:J> Bi ~'Id .&,. ft.a ord'er cf the Utt.us in fi~ 2., la, of' ~e,. •17 ·
Ul.wt"Wr.t.i'h) ainee: .an the pina: eaa ~ ~*'ea ~ utift ·or ina•U• po~t Uone
t.o eon~d •!th •1~of1:1.&UlJI •t the kud&t 0$1.te, au k•oe \hi•
~-.1um•e atq ·be n't1ii4 •\ 'Mll.
Page 7
REF ID:A52212B
-ta•v- ~.\ta :ab01lll ld.111Wl ... dot.tod lia~· ~ ... 1p~ - .,
11 1t1 1~ i. 'llhl.e eeilltl.na ·••••ti&ll.J' of :& '"' ot i ccn•ewmwa
•vahl• i.t...., ~ left anti l'il!lt c.ntaett. loaallf', t.lff• omao"°"
l•'f'eft e.r• bold •td.u:at. t'b.e left. ... Uct, bJ" the: alltiou of h8peeti'• r-.~u •• •mp,. but. •hen a p1tt • ~ • at ·tbfs. Q1phH ....,. i~ U. tta -.ctl?$ or ~~~ti•• pa\19 -~ ._. tb~ton preeea\ 1t1Mlt ta ·\b~ CQ!'ltaett->lev• lid.th·
ate i\ ia aa11aolated, 1 t. pn•• q~~t ·fl.H ~un-iev.- •d onMHJ 1:' to
an• ~"et a" the: righ~-- fla• in '.~ ittaoUw poa1tioh ~· •t.1 Of' IOUl'Mr
a.ct·~ the• ~--~~ •. &Uo:Cr!g th• httflr to ~i• ti;gait\llt. ~ ,
H~U• lttt~4 oet.tt.llctis. ~ t'Qao\ia ot th$ ~ ~~Mts ~\1'0Utld
bJ ~ R$pM\l• eontttot-l~:ra •t the CO!l<1atte.w:r ~t:Wr' id;U be .. lill#.M
l portion of the e!t~ •lrteel ~eat" ~ adp Gt ·\ll$ revu-ao fac. s., !.:•
to~ to c~ Et r•tcbe\ me•1• ·~ 1i!l J'ig,u:n ~. ''fhi~ nwl'ul' -~~ e•t.U•• t~t,--11:: ~uidlst.mt.lf-•~ t"tb1 only ti-ve et ~ld.ch It%'$-~·~ Ji~ 11
~e tootk b~s de~aW as fll. 1t is lnewi:1e desipa~ 2$ in Fi .• H L
All·~W. nth ~· J!at.Wlet. Wh~ t:a the piq1 tthoa ~'!ill., f:l~N$ l •« s. !be n~t wheel .fm.d ,a•l• wg~th._. with ~l.O~$t ts cd .U.s ~ture G;,
11"lre• l ~ 11 de~•· th$ stop ~s:ttie ot th• oi.Jhlr ~h••l in it$ :totltUOl\
on tile ~t Y,. •r!a tb• ~1w ~ ooi.l.n •:t•c 1, ~oh 1.5 ~ 01"' ad.Atabect
under a de&irw \mid• "1' a utor 1.-
Blitvrl.ai to fig •. $., ~e lf$g -8 ..,- 'b$ eott,,.lctl;f ho.usGd 1ft a mr~ 41,
tu~ on. tbe ~haft V t•r i.n~ aov-.t. therft•U•h ~d '71\h ~~t.<l cti~J" 1'hw,. ~- 1~ .$1.ilQ k~ Ol" oth$n1se a:t.KM:rN to the $Wt 1. ii, vom ~1 4$ .hflftftl
.a hollow hal> a u Jwmded! fo~ rotaUm on. ~t 'I Md t.aotl~o. thrmdt
at'iisooiatied irul~ta.U.~ to e,ctttat• t;eQi\f.loninJ •~I e, ~ Md Gt ·sat4
&11,prins; beag ~ to th• •• ~ .~t 60 ~ ~ oth.~1:' •d ot tba "PriAG
'being fbe4 to the .~~ $\ m.. l• b$f&n ·•t&.'ed •~« 8 !la, Mln~iatd Ulldl:J"
~1.on bJ'· •tor It tdd.ch ·1e. eovpled ta dr1v~ *••wheel_. a~a.u .of'••
. ' ' "
Page 8
REF -ID :A52212B
a.ar 12.
Ae tdll be .,._ b,1' fffeii'el!u.~e to Fis~•$, tb1S1 etrcutt for ~ lW:>tor, Whieh keep1
coiled ·s~g 8 wder tena1oa.t is clo•ed ot opetied aGQtll'djJl! to tbti) de~ et:
tcsioa whi.eh t<& i:s deatr~: to um.tdn upo.u t~ said spring; 'th3t ittt, .tter th•
aptl~~ 1$ msttieietly tcs1oaed,. th• <it.rcuit. is ilttornptea: to s·top ~ .motor- wta
is ~11 s~rtee again bJr closing the circuit •f)n the teasioa ba;i: ~e• de~1Mt.et$.
bellnr a 1:relletonrlnoo mn1mwa. fe".t' the· J*l"P1HllG o.t eont.roll!llg t,h1.s aetien, the
ei:rcuit .i\rrt10it1t1um.t. 1n oper&t:lV'@ o.neetim. \titb. th:G aotor,, eotJprittt. .l~fJ A .u,a
54~ ittel'diA; $ wl'tai~ ~ce Si. The me>ior ~- 1& op•ra.Uv.ftl7 etmj>'led: to tbs
•rill; 1•r ~bf sea~ .~fa slide. coupliftg ~ri'l1ta:g ~o~~te se ad el •. i41fitn
the motc>:r OPfil"at•a to pub ,_.~ upon the $pJ:<it18 s,. COUtpenmt i7 o~ th& .&l.ide
ewplia:11$ .INdUallT .,.,94 a~ .frea i:t.$ CW1itpo~ent a~ilbe!' 56 &a." to the l1&1Jistane,\\
ot m'd.d: E!p.rilag 8. fhue thfl •:m ee-l '4$· t.a?O,i W m¢.'JV$ tb~ w.:>m gear fll.S il'uii.eate.i
by th~ Q.n'f;ltt t1i.t1'ill 'Pfttgt<&taeea the- entire shaft .u; t.n.. the ilide eooplin1. to the .ri«ht
{see fig;.!) aaatnst the •~Uon of liprl.Ag 69.. iltte"le 60 lfhi® :iJl· rii$.il;r secured to
sha.tt 58',. !.e cper1.t~1ve tbro:l*gh the ad.l~eitable ~.ahaped am. 6l. ~th ep:rln~ oouu.c.t
uaem:l);!Jr s2. ad.ti m~.abf!l'.r l!>e.ing aoopt~d to :riiie ~ uuml..ated Mook ~i, eoovm1'entl1
•wnted Qn 't:lev1ng e4, in 1'hich sh~t SS i~ joum.liled. i,U(>et (;5 .i"' l?l:"OV10ieti with
a aotch $!' ~·e 45, t~·to which Uae pr.oj~~ SS ct aprlag oontaei m•b~r- 6'2 will
drop and breek the con~,o.t at a'! to open t.b$ 41.rcui t ~nd :9'top thfll m&ter I. ~:rias;
tbi.& period of \lp~tit)n.1 it !'hwld be n()te.d tbf$t th!!· drive 6h~~t "I 1.s held t:ro•
roution,, noautll71 by the ~tun of at1'pet. 4)..
Whiltt ~. spriug lJo:i:.~r dril.1~ ne~1$lll tor t.ht.: eip~f.:.\1~ lllheel ls h~$ diac:lt>sed.
)¥ w~;r t:d' .e~e,, it· il!l> untle.ri'to~d th.at othex' jtt(l;tl;~dli:) &re e.or:ite;r.,plAt~d au.Ch ~£1
ml'.:rtor ~a clut®• o:r 1!il, steppillit 11;1.aga;;.d; ~1:'re.ngeme'n.t, o:r other ''Uit.e.bu ;:s.~~s tlurh
trill ili!.,part 1'!Gvem0n t to the eiz.;htrl' tth.e~.l in $Q.t:e:td,anctt -w.i th the i1ri~'!Ciples of
th~ i:ra vEmt1on.
th~ ~ov•~t ot tb~ e:iphel' wh~eil 1$ prd~~bly t!tep-by-a~Ps Ol' at ill.M:-rvals
W:bieh will bfli (ii;~pldned ~Abaequ~:i:dJ.y 111. diJ~IJU~$i,r.~ ·th~ ~ in Whi.0b 11b~ 't1h0l1J1
li:f.SW:it fur.ultiO'!'l.tl •
~ cis;'h~I"·"''ke1 tranew.itt'l!ll" 26,. Fig11r~ l, i1 ~ .slightJ.¥ ~l'll:dii'l.:iit4 ~~u®t
adit 'tl'llm&m1t~ ooch as is ~oyed with pi:-in\U1 t-..legraph e@ipJami. of
Page 9
REF ID:A52212B
boa comaerot.tl tl'P••~ tu general f4ta\uee ... Bet Mi u.,.ld.nea,.
:liadl.3t waeitt.n \leillg ftll Jmo• in t1l9 wt.. lt. 11' ~Uci•i to
... , ~ tl:w:t .a kft't ~,-~g ~r&\lo;aa ~tea .1.n ac-O'.)rdMC5: ctA
tb• Sa•\ ~ •. bt fal•e& ~- trns bu•U~t•Jt1 i1!ttin.g t1P a .nu ot
ttv. --ta.cu iaB1d• t.b• tftUlrdttflr- 1a M~eo td..tb f.he. k:idot Cod•· ._ '1'-••lt.tet- t&,, of GOllRO; >tJ.oo protidad td.th a ~,...a~J)hg upet 27~
~ ~ti• ot lridt:ib 11 ·to ~,_, ·~ tsp" fo~d (\t, FO~ iiite~~. tka
p.ria•ip.!Al. dift~ec 'be~ • tr•Pi\ttr a~ .ti'$-. in ~Wu:i pr.in~.
t.elep~ ·~:IB•t ~ ~• Wile.ii 1Q, ;ou"" ~v•tioa oon.1d.ti;~~ .la ·th~ •Y ill
016 ~ ltd't and r:tPt 'i>~ 0$1ta.C'I :ot the· no.U ~do\ u,pe tJ:".q,.,.
m.ttar ue to.~e<i~. .m. tihe no~ll.lJ•1'1"4 v..n:tr~ tbe tt•• ccm.~o~
l~•c.~ a(! tbeb< ·t• ti.&SOeitd1@4, .~ CMJ\1lete a.t'lt ._bW$ of., .a•t d ftv•
s.-puat• • ia~e~4-t ~:1.teJ ih \he tr-...itur- u ~1~ far~
,a:r-~~·<$. ~ fiw. --tact..1-~ Md; th'll.dr ta ao11~a'td.· ,.Um !COQ.1R.ou ilM
ooadlt-tivl~•~ ~a ot a M~ies ~t, 'e;f ~~-.\ u ~
~•u .-P·~.e.p'b .....
~ et~MtQ' tJr•ltld.t~~ l:EJ,. ls a&"Ml~t.oo m.i.4 ~t1otu111 #oi~U,. 'With
th• ·~~\Qr t.i-••1.\tw it" to eoutrol ·the agu1ti!r ui.tpl:~-.iau of the
ei1.>hEll' tfhtt4. or e~uter- ~ ·~ follcmb~g ~er. lote :t0l.a, 281 •ttm° 1•
anu·utaed b)' ¢alT•t ~. hct:~rr a. ~~path *!ch "81ae i$.t. .. dttetor
.SQ ui<l a~u 01117 t., .of the twa~1 aet."'lit ttM all tl1$· e®~t-l.•.._.,. ot
.a~to.~i-· trlllimd.~t.w ti,, ad keit•tap$ ·t.r~~tter ti, mn~ 1tf. ~l•ted. e.l.&C
oon~t.O.r 31.. li<>te al,$:). ·UJ&· lllutr1'it1• n~p of <i1~Yct. •d ~taet.-lwa•
at tt a<t.'i Q. 1a 71~ 4 in 11.!fM.dl a a~:te c•se 1• ,pnsmted.. .1\ ia ~
~ tbi!tt the ;arrim.g~t. et 'GPWJltiv~ ;>faa e ~~ Cili!he1,I' ~l 111bf.oh an •'
\bAt ~\ pr .... \ing thMi~l•·• to tll• t'Mmtt\o;t,..;l.•vere of~ ei~l
· ~-1ttev 211 ~~d• ~ ~ Badet ~t4lt10il ta:r lettfl" •p. At
the $8P ~.t the ~QOt• oa tll1t .kaJ' tape ad. ·tbf! p$DlataU.oa d cm•ota
se~p u~ tlw cJ.Jt.h~ b~t'Wl' ~e,. -1'.80 QO~poadi! to th• l,e,ttv
u·z1.., lot.fl ·th;13.t, in ViH of ~ m&U~J' itt ·whiO'h tbie t11FS1\7 ~t!ll.C:tS ~d 'the
Page 10
REF ID:A52212B
~. --~~1•••• ·Gt ~2. •d %6 ... iatvoom:t.C'Hitt ~· tli~t ~ b&\i_,
a ta_.,;gti :rttlq a !e ooap.ht9d Ot1l1 •• ~ 91~ .IS ~f' .i~~
~ntetiol!ut utnblillle4 at·~ Ci~k• ~tlld.\te:r H, eoiaoUe •1th
th6 .,*1,e n!'l or ·OOD:GQ.:\iOM •a+'*hU.abed at; tJl$ ~-tatoJ.' vs:-1tte 2i.,
Jla•1 If •z• 1, #••up 1A ot,u~ tra.i!llittv it, ftl.ar ir'.8 Jdll ~tie
otily 1lhCI ~.t-• ia Pt. llP •i.n. the ~tater ~aitter 22. ~U.17 if trlBI
•tbe1- le,tt.l&:r• .sq •p. ts ••t. up ia th• 01~.,- ·t:n»:mdtta 2&, rel.q 28
•ill oJ$raw ®7 ·lib• •x• 1s· et. •t in tho CCU$~tor tmma:i.twr u.. '?he
~·~ P• of ·tiU~ ~•' *• web: •ineidenoe of ~ecti®ta ta ....... ·
m .. t.twa S;l .a. #le 1~ astt.bliah.ed U &8 t'ollOQl
·h• ~al.ti.ft ot b.~t•q IS r.a_, 4'0'.!IWue~tor $0, a'l)U,h all ~ ~t,uct;.;..
!<1Y~r1 •d ~ ·ts 5$$';t¢kt;ed cl&Sd IJ«l•ta ef tl:'Gaittfl.?'il af $1ld 2.2, . \
aos~tol" m to ~ ·Qtm,~ct it,· or ~wn.t u, 'rindlq 0£ rolq 2s,. cl'$ducw:r ff, w a-.uve ot ba't~l'J Q,. lt 1~ ob'ftwe ~t. sl'ae• th~ tlWlatuft.
58 .tmd. htek ~ti'W:t H •t ftlq 28 fen .~t• ot ~ cucu:i t for miu;!.siat
relq !81 a1 $OOA a-. ~ rel.q h&o .raoeived a ~lP · ~ ~~· 11' 1•
attr•e~, ti'l& oi~it f.,, 1:11•1Ji•tn1 :rela;r as is bnt• at ent.aei 12.. luo ·
an&turo 9 1• ad•r 1*ifl1oa of "' n~t:Ue apnn,;,, it not. ,p.,,.hd tftiD
~- p$llm ~ !A.to t ta noftlal ptd\1on • ftleU• ot r~ay 28• ~a.'timrtJ
n .vovld -·~·'*"Qi~ eou.•c"G ~~ ~ ad would l<et •P a cl'u~t}tertaa. kt th•
nWitl~ ~dirsUU an aooh ~ t wh«1 ~twr.e; $~ 1~ ti~at 4Nm u1 bJ'
nlq 13 it f)llat'eJ& l;" •if! ie im~iatfJ.l.7 .~pd b; 1~vm- U ·-4 h•ld tr•
-nttlir.'lillg to ;i;~ r@~ot.ai pt.t#iti.Qa •h•te it CM r~tabliell o=taot ~t Ill,,
uni.il ·11)v$r Ii 1$ diClpl~cff tq ~~ r.:etiw to w ~~bed later.
Amatwt• u Qt r~ar ta &J.,m ~tt'ol~ \ha u01~t 2i, al~~ t"•t~rm "°• ~ Ui ~.~ ~~.le ~ rotitti.lOll o1: th~ C:i~et' •ftl; t •. ill ~ fol.lllttlag
!be moto~t•eta~~ coll.ed &J<l'at a. tcd$ to rotat.4 the <dgiler •~
(n: ·t;b~ diteo\te.n :lndiOA'"d' ·b$· th~ U"Nl11 IJ,41'(/ to th~ tt.{g•t. .The 41f•fi1 t.
tor: ~ atOW wb.14&. lt•GJHl! etJile-"i u.pr.bg 8 und•r ~ioa i6' cl:Qa~ or <.>paut4
Page 11
REF ID:A52212B
i•P•~I ~· tb.$ ·~s:la oZ the $~SJ ·tMt i~, l?tftW the sprinig w nffi¢1.at.. tt1uU:oa.,. ~ uw 1a stopped find 111 elJ· e~tted (1:pin ~ter
thi.il 'Ml1·•1• "1 <t~~i\ti~ "1ow • ce~ ~. ~- A'Ot.~-\ton lf4 ~
' '
rtli8:1""4 t& •b$ve,, M$Wll« 'the ¢m-.'1-ltmB"$ ill U-81\~tJ it Md.!$
1et. up ,to IJiittM"at ~ta:tlas so that. nlq ta itJ n_,. ee!"giaed 4UMl
b~ .-\s:ot IS $.e ~. A 6ttl'.:nmt etu'tsi trona ~!Uv• of b&ttw1 51
tb1-&h ~tor ~. $.aefi ~tat•' le, c::GlW}l~\W a, ~ ~ontan .4t),
~~ a. ~¢'bar .u, wi~itag of .... ," ta, con~~ 41,, 't,o lll~ti·~
of tmt.t.17 s.v.. .A &o11&t.f'~ bpula ~ases ~«.t,P ~~t ii M\(t ~tlee
a~w:r~ .,u w b11.s •~trac~; b1'*1!Wda3 tl~~ .ut:::wtt. 1.~ ·t.m..c:k c.ont.a.et ~Q,
•h~~ 1;i-.~tut'O' &, un.dv:r dt.ton of 1~1$ ~;triq, :t;'•=1l• ~•in clf)fff'
·f.be e:i:ecui\ ~ii 40.- 9b-wr-,. tA6 a~® tit':£'$ng.-t i& w• ~t th•
... 1kf7 ·tl.ltl'~CcUC uf !li:•~tuTIJ ·41. tel~$el ~ i<\&Wl,:r U~ &$~iu,tri d\b
the ;r:11tehe.t en \ke. o1phe::- ·~ and thu.s ~owsa th~ etim~r wffl, drlven 'by
40il«l l'fl'itr&B I.a ti?!: ~Vm1e• ~· ~•P• !hua. ~~ oipb.er vh~ ~tinil'it$ to
ao'M, onf't -~ itt $ UM, t10 lm!lg ail bi:tok coutaet H ~t reu1 ·ia ~ail'l,t
olcrtit4. WMn, iw:WM('Jri t.b.e ~t.11£\i.icm ot t:.mw~w .e'fllt 'U:P in tbe eo•uta1'or
~attt0r ~CoiH3:· tM ~ d 't~t·nt u1 la th• <.ttpher...ate, tr«ic-1ttar,
tllt.t$ C~tattinc th~ ~l$tl• oJt ~ o1:reut 't ~UtJb ,rd~ 26 &6 GJ'l9~
de:sc:ri~,. •d thua, whm 'Omt..~.et. H i3 o~$d, mid•r th.11 aeti• or: 1•e-la7 itl,
ad is ~Q', o~ b,f l~"Hr 515- Ii$ de.1epib$d, ~boq.,. u~ot f~ o:~t o~te
to wi tlidrl'lkW M~'l!t.~:Vil'tl· Q) .llmtee tbs· pmfl, 2:4 ·C~·t " rcilua~.1 'l!lh~NU~ tlm
etpa~ ll:Pel o~t ~~vmc<fl all1' t\W'th.•t". ~ at.srt.M 'I.let~, t.ho fu•t :1.mpulH!
~· r~av 28 ~~~- ~tu:re &l to k e.t.t:r1te~ ·t<> ~·bf JAftr is., 1l\h1ob ~ W.J.ga~ th$' ~~. ~$. ~.t.ct. Ul ioacriAa opea .. lag u
l.o• .5& -..s.ai•e ud bold.a 1\. It 1.a onl.7 lld.:thin Wll i\i&rietl, •• tho
et.~ •~ iii ita~. that the k•~ 1, ~· ~ maai~litii~, tbe
•~!:-1. a:er~~~t lMillg m.icb t.$lt '3:le 'ttqs; cf the ~d a.re 1~'4
e:rtoept •• ·~ ci,P~" ~ te ~·~M.®JUT•
·.:- ..... :
Page 12
,.
REF ID:A52212B
•~· n.o• a k.,- 1" 4epns384. ~ ot~m• naultaa$ will w <hr\enined
bf the Pod Uc~ ot ~ eipheP &Ml et 'tia '1mea ~•• th~ eJ.reui\ ~
li$h44 throta~ the cipher uitlJl, ~4$ til!OA t.b.e __.t r:e'b\ive poeit.t.on ot
tb.t,1 ••l fd.·fA t'8$p$0~ tQ t:brc pl&~t 4 .0 $,. lhe:t ~ k(IJ' 1~ d'.GPJ'$$Se41
~ Gl~;il- M~ltan.t 11J G'h&U J.v t;Ae iJ.l~~ l.MpJ tJlJJ!. le.\tlltr otm~H
to be illuln:aW so l.ong tta ~ kfQ' .ia hold dou.
Ye "'e.-i~ ••to relq 1?8 im:d ita othe:t Vlm't.V. 4$,. fte lat~ -.ntrols
~ opentlon f!llf the ~~Jing MP•t t1 ot tho Qi~,or-kq ~itt.- te, in tbe toll•d.al. ~•rt tbs ~~'Ag u~t. 11.'lf .!..~ "tu¥.l'ed· 'by
b$·t:tort .t4, bu't tll• ~t:d. t 1s nontAll)' o,a at conuet 45. an rela.7 28 io.
ae;rg!ae4, ho11Wfe,,, ••~ 4t te ·•tb"ted -4 ~tact 45 is: ~Wily
tlo•941 all~g ~~»~ a&p;et 21 ti> fmMitt!.ca. !hi• oq•• the k~ .. 'tt4;p,$
to llkp t~4 to \h$ neu posttltm. Itr will r~ in ~1. fd11'1• •\11
the nw,1'\ ti.Mt ~t!tJ 2$ 1:$ •e:-gS.Hd.,
'11~" 0011 rf~lit to b~ de:eoribe'l on.l.f :how lPmr 31 1.• eon'Volleii the
kqboani 1s p~vidd '61illl a -.tv•ru bu>• •perable bJ' ~ k91,. 1Jben a~
i• depn••ed ~ ~ releued1 tbe 1Uil:'Nra4l b4ri ~ ~ c.llase ot it•
•~I'd •d.ill oa iret.l.u'n 'h& aonel. poei ti.a, :actlilt:d•e8 'tb& l'ff'.ft" $$, aru1 c~ea
.ii w be· Yi'tlbdrau fro• lt11 eagagften& with enmwn H. ·the lt11.ttu' iaedi&taly
;fJJftl.l'ft• wits n~, ret.'nlc'kd posi,1-, l!Uo~ ei:mtacu to 1- .nm•tll>-
11ehed. ~ti, ft ad M,. Ia \he SIGaU. \he· t~p.-it&Jpi\\g aape'b bAY!ng heen
'M\\28\$d a• .. ICJ"1~ abov•1 OM of t\IO ttd.ag! OU. h~ §;S ~l~S the •'-
up O'f ~a~o'1oae • o1pher-k97 tl"a.u-1.titel' .2th ~~ ~ uew aet. ot cou•ti_.,
bet:.~ ccm.•~():t,.-~ and p'1lind Cftt~ete ~bun u11.&bltahed1 o.r. b7 ._ • ..,.
it t• a1mur ~\fn.9 occur 111 aeq,~ee • the u,e, the sae •t ot
etmn.1Ctl•~ a 'boron hes lMa uta:bUehed. Tho• tu •~•• ~ duwi~ ·bi
'tWftt
(1} U a ae• 4fft of OQD:0.9\l\i.ma in Biph~b.J tr<mumittel" It k!;lie ·~
est.abll~., 'M7 ~ ~t co.n-e~ne ·kl th• !audot tJipf&l !<rr •·J', the nt
I
Page 13
-' REF ID:A52212B ,,,_
ot 4Ciml90'1.eaa no loap-r utcbu U.'- ise~_, .:la the ~uto, --.1 t'- u,. •hit:h,, •• w ~ ~, ~ 1n ._ ,r~g e&ft to the lettaJt •p.
~qtt•til.11 iaa.af.a'Wl1 •l*l olotS..:I of -.w.ot 11t SS. unite aetlal •f ttut..
aift2l"Pl ~* fib Ul"$l1.t, to:r l!ll!MJ1listna 1Hp\Jt.\ ts iit9 altts.a... allomg tb•
eipber •beol ·tio :ti~ ton~... It 111U ~tin\i;e to dt> #C· atil ~t •kp
ll4 pba oa \he 't'lll ot t~ oipho wbeel COr'.~pmdiq t& 11;\tetr· '8P'' pt'e:.-ta
l'U$U to the fJO!i.t~t-;leftr'I ot th:t co_..t.ilil~ ~alt~ 22,, ~P® nl.q
es 1:$ ••'-"'1~, coat~iet at .$6 is broka, ·~•t ~6 d~.fll"Dl•d1. e.d the
0101• htlr& b~ <:OllJlew.~
(:!) lf, by oham:o,. the illut. •~kr oa thet liq tape 1a t.bb -~ 'I.it: "
ktcWt· (Jtza *'pitl} J m1,7 ~ is, 1-..iiietel:f $\iGl'g1a-.d, 'OiaM th~ ~W.·
tt'M .. lilitt~ 1.0 etill 4.*$t u-1 tN' ~utton •a•.. itap~ 2$ 4C'!!t• ., ~tm
. .a '\he ci~<t:r wlul"1. 1ii.t h~l.a .:bl ~. ~ lett.en ~ tk~<ON ont;ti~-'
•t t.11& G'JSllJ:U!t po$$.ti.OU ·of the· Oi:pb:l'l." w!J:fM51., Qt GOU7M;t it \'kt ir:fq' ~- .QW
coulata of a •-1• ot •I* a•·, tht\t ci;l\e -.1 till ~ in ~4 ,011\ion
au:~ the: ••iphe~t o.f .15. cei:r~pa-adine it:uher of. liJtt•••
I-t it obv'10ll:& th'®.\ \he· porwwtion$ et ,_.rora\if.ms a tht t:ei, t&po ~•·
all e.a ·tb.fJ penmtatiaa ot 1>f0ra.t1• pint on the 'rim. of tu d:9h•~ nee:l w:st;.
he J-~et~ ~ two &llr\fl of 26 ~ilu' ~bltiaa, otb~$:fi! theft ~d b8
ti.fies ·11h«i the oi~ eeel -~ CMtiinUO to ~ff ~de.tini~ Md ft _...
~i,t'b#me'llt O'll ~l~'t oovU ~ ~· tw.a 1- tna fol:' the t'HtMa tba"
.ill ONW to briflg t}w. -~bet< whMl to rest it is ~tlSSlt t.t&l $&i ti ~tattoa
ot pins .m its l'U°i ·aa.c1'l7 ~-tide w1 th ttult. .peaute.Uoc 1ibich hl1l>pp<ms to· bG
e\ up. &\ ~ ei~ey bim-1.t.te 1.t tht1.t. ~t.. bill Hl!ltrl..'ltl• to \116
eeta of 01-'la ~·tatt<ms' tkm• ~-,,. -. ... , ndn• ti. er1pto~•
se-eri.'tJ of tbe q4t.. in mq· dq,ree '6-ei~:.
In ldittJ..tm;., t.'tt&U. 11 e~iall.1 cal.let to tbfi W1J:1 I.a wld.eil. 4 l:tl):J';ioq
1".~•-~· of other ~topa,pl\$ •.Plo11A; th11 la•\ oooe t• ...,.,toppld.o
p.trpoh#· la ob..S.att'td :1a omr ••ta. In of!dv tG exgld.A -.t b tQqt, it 1•
ae~~~:q ·~ •t&r !ate a ~•f' 4isoaau1~ ,of 8-dot tra~ioa ~ tlle·
Page 14
r .•..
c
REF ID:A52212B
v. s .. pat.cit h ... l,41.e,ves,, uad Vq is, 1112,, w G:. s. Ve.,..,. line• lt
to 11 of tile 3~ta'1o&l.
111: the patent. to whteh. rflf•nn• M.• jua.-t 'btta made, tt a:pecifll m;eehnn1•
ftt iev!~. ta SU~- the #U ~ Oh~n:·~OMl"$ whidt CdS-ti all th•• dU'fl.
-1.tle•t d4 tibile ae~U~ \'he· oblec\ 1ntd«l1 th.1!i mech•1• 1r.J ~iW
00.11p.U.~t.eld. a$ !tu in .. ad~t.i<m ~ta~ diUd'f'tUltt£Nll tt\ii{t th• tae.t:hc4
&el.Mtd \o ucoap;lla tbe •Pf!'et1&1~ ot the 1'i:X nva ~r~ctfl'rs reeu1t&
1n itl~in& tb• s:lU"'l' !Qt ~e~ to M W~l~lUt»ltt4l:id 1)y u l'Ml-Ch ~s 10 to
IO per c.t., la si- ht••"•• both ~- 41sM'1a'Q:tar~s ~- 'baen olhduW
in ~ ~\ -.me~ poes1'b1Gt; via.,. hr ~i& .. ta 1thia n~ae1 tate ~
ff ot tll$ J:! h.Qdot ~tati®;t f'or C'1P~O ~~ So· ~al! u
ftt7Pf.Opa~ '*41mi.Q.U;911.§ e~m~, ~oallf our &~J••f.~. fer eluUlsiUq
th$ •k oxtft\ ~\~JNi oriiiuJrilJ in~- by tho 'Qin of th& !a'udot ocde
f'Or' Oi'J.Ptopal)blo: pu-fc.u:1ie• differ .mm tho:s& &Md.bed til tbl!'f fla.\$11t reten•
to, e:bovo in the tcilo'tf1ftg ~!lpee:t. ·ta thl! ern•~o qotta utl~lJlnl tho
latter ••thod the. eiph~ n-11.Mk b 'thfj «ey'£ttograph1o proC6se ar~ the
rea~l~~tfl ot ~leoVi~l il'ltie.raction b.etn~m- ~· sia\ t>f IJ~lirlt& elmll$lts 1•
th& l~dot. eo4• ~(!:!t up by a mu:nge eharn.et~ imd. a ~ff of' SiP4ling el-..ta
~- \ho aqe ~ Sii't Ui by ®' key cha.~tn.; ihG'oo re9ttltmt.a em not. be.
t"e~td.cted to bat, !6 ot th$ U po~~ihle ku~'°'' p~tiatioae ~u&e of tM•
in ... c·ti(llrh ln ·~ cey,vt.o11-a9hic SJ$\S tht.t oiph~ MmltM"U 1n tbe Gl7Pt8-
~apb.tc pn-eesa ~ 'C-Ot a.tall. t.b.a ~tlmta •t aleotri~ 1n:\era~t3.:0a betweea
tw ~•'-' ot &lpalia:g el~te i~ th1!\' ?34udot, ced:o1 tike e~ici el~t
repr$lli$4tU~ th• ~flsage: ~"1" :ta net at. all 1n tat ~t code ad ·does
not. iati ... t dtr-eotlf ldth tb~ :81p8Un~ ttlema~ repr~~"lm'Ung th• t:er- Cbamot•l"•
no~ iii' the al;pher r-esultmi't J"UF~Eh1nt.ed ~ m,p&l.m~ .i.~w im the kudot code.
·'fh..e rot~~ !!:a.~ cod• pla7a b: ou iq•tml: is, mt. tu a11 'ipal:ie®: el~ta
~· et.mo~. only ·~ :lrldtr•t o.ne, tmd th!!t is 111.by in OUl" ~•t.• ~· natnotioa
et e1pler ~•otel'tl to .!'l et of ·tml.7 U ta ~1$d -•, ntboot •1 ~n-tna
sP4101t1~ illtl'Odde4 to s~press the su i'S~ ~aowra •.
Page 15
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RE¥-ID: A52212-B-
--'
_ liJ 1:i o-~tit that 1nii~ ot ht.Ving the ~t.0g&"aph tlme'tJ.<m tcr-
pl"Odv,c. ·d.-.wal :d~a: 4f --a. ty,e 1-di.C$.~ ,tu -~~- t"oio•iaf; Ce!i0f'i~tion1
1'' -i.f lK):.}i!ibl.1i to pro~Mi'• a\ io. f1:fDh:'e 1, a. set <tf tt •leo~-f.rt.
i~ft~ •f a fft. or 2$ laptt, Ulch n~ta .Ud ·~ thr'o~h P1"fJper plmgel1'f
or anatun., tinetq ~ tba kliJ'l:le11rd ol' a t;y,e11nt,er -with •hi.ch~ iar•
&'S~,a~, -ao as to CA'Qff- the- W•Wi. t.v W print ·th~ ll.!!:t~I &t th~ ciµbt?Jr
m~ae, in tile •M of ~~i~el'inflb an~ the lat.Ult.>$ of U1* :pld.c-t.x\ t!t!ll'P:le-,
in tihe Mi!14 t4' de~d.$1her1fJli•
~n; th~1'• ·m~u, iu11t.d of b@iaf asffei~ted ~1th ·the ~~'*Yt.loat't ot
l!'A ll)ri!il~rf typew:.r.f;~l"t ~~t ~- ~!if$QOloJ;.f4d tiitb t;.hQ ko7~t1t~'d Of ® ~Utoliitt'tie_
tel't!ipap.~ -~rMleaitttt :k>q'bo~ri, •d ~u, 1u tt.1e ~~ :f>f 'l'rte-1ph~1 brtng
.e.bout th~ t:rQ-1$rd1.m Qf $.1~$.le cott:l)O~~ w rce1;J1~~ ~t.t.~•· A'
th$ r1Jceivm~ -end ot this 1_1ata1 ti&to r~ed.ved sipaJ.;rJ •~ld <'let. di...~t~ -~,on
~ k~~""boaN of tho cx,-pt.Qgr$.ph_, w:t<.l the l.IAt.t"'r 'WOldd Cllli.IU~ thfl tr~ 'VM
It is al.so- o~• t!mt tb• -~- wiiieh W{:h have provided, w:emtAI ot
wa14\ti~»:Ut .tu 01Pto~1~d.e re:Rtlt!mu othe:r t'!lm th~•e kt~\lt;il!d bl cl'egina
the kq tape. One et thlts'-' •urctef.l ot \tl{~1"iA1tions J.iq. bl \he po$dhil1 tr ot
\l~:lal t'h ~tat1mu' ct 9P$:1l'~Uve ~d inetl!ti!tX't!l.\1.Yei pin• -cm the rrtm f'.il 1;.b.e
eiphs:r 'Whf.t~. AaothQ:r, sc.nn:.·ce liea h the eh!m:g:t.ng of ~aeCi\ia-1: be-tvt&ea
tu k'$7'.bo•ri ._-taei$ d the; emi~ot1 ot p1llt$ e, 11~ 1.s or blb}tft• -tit• . coa•ct$ of plat• 4 ~ the, i:tigQ.aliat ~aaq.ts in-~ 10. mo~~ saul"Oe
lies 1a oont~ctiag the oiphar W:heti .in _ t• B$-l\im•1 • upp~~ ad lower, so
tb•.t ther two 111Ct1oa• --- be poad.Ucn~ or J-P:~M at u7 ••(}ff ttflll8to'"-•1x
dtt"t'oret potats of" eo1uctdetl-Ce m 'tll l"'$#pec:t. to eaeb o-t.ber• tMis ~1.a-g ~
cl~ remltau. Ant>~r &o>tu« .. ~e. lies 1D th1S c~glng 49f ~~etioa. bet:_.
Page 16
REF ID:A52212B -'',., the; •a"~" on t1la ~:!i~ ~. ~t-.f.hlt t;aeee <tl t..~ c~~~r. ••al• fln$.\l7,
am. ~porlat '°~ ot •r!1ll:UQ11 ll.s in ~ ~1lli!B! •t th$ ~n.$gtJ.01UJ
be~ 'fib• ~fl! crmtacto ot ·the ci~hDNq -..itt.ft' ff1 ad ~
._.'t.$,toJ' ~ai:tf'te't f~., · AJ.l '\hGMI $C\IJ"Gfd l)f ~iflU. ai~t:iJlg ~f;M,n
tae ~s• itsG:l.t ~· Rb$~1, li»W1'••, ~ #Ae ,r.dlei~ ~re.
1tih~t 1-. COU$\l•t eh~.n.p ·at tut 'tttlpe~, Qd it. :11~1 b~ ~14 \hllil:t ao l!*g
.&s .~ g1. ~ ltf$J u~ eoa.:tmsi• 1.t'! w~'.ber :at .ob.,irilkocw.s: 'iii'! th thl.11.tc et \be
1~telliglil'Bctfl\ to " endp~rM, eo t.~at no two ••~'' ~l"@ ~fil"' •.rtpber-4
b,r 'tt'J• ;eJ$l!l• ket ·t:ei,e· or per'tJ.011 tker•f, c1nd tl·~ lone a$'• thttM ke;y upem
eoAd.~t ot U111ntAU10,ble,, enti1rel:' ~clfid..;,~. ~~•coa of oMrtaetGr~, ~·
. a1:u1~1i~ «1ei~'h•ed eceo~g ·to .uch e. lflat.I. an fi'lin'loluteq i~GO!»h~r&ble
~i~t •owu po~~oioa of th~ lte;r 'H;pe11 •:f~ed in ~~d..1"' lanCipMf!lmt
or a bo'11~~i~· •t •~ ~~utJn.ce ot t.he ah~~t.~• <m ·•® .t~y t,~pes-.
Page 17
REF ID:A52212B
A l.. ta .a •t114~t Q'li"t.«I aU,.~4 tor' u1.• n\h a pl:uru un.1t
~~JJ~ p~ode ·.t-....1 \-1~. trlele1al.' a.nil ~rA.s.J.Jl,fj "1••~ for eoo~atJAa (.V lJ'l<e .llJHlld\\ier with~ ~t'Ui ad ao8iiltit fer !J:lta~Getiug said
(
j .,,,~ ..
(r./-jw•
el'GUt.e> ~ 51erJ.a Oi'l'CVi~ nlaticl't for «Q'PtOgra:~~ pm-PQfi<M.
s •. Ia a Cl\7.PWlltNJ>h1<t ,qetes adapt1ld t•· '*" wttb a l'lurU. wit
eet~ ~•itt.m.'J ••s ~naing ~-~1~,17 ~~abl• elem.mu tu
oootdmatias th• tl'mmt~ ~tb fAdd 01•t.•1 ad ~t •••• tor
i~t~mua~~r ~U ti~ts(~.··. Krles rtl>l~ticm)t.- cr.rP.~ifraphic ~ .,, ., . ~-t4..1t ~"~ ~".' ~t.,_.,),, ~~ ~ ~Jl~~· ~
eur~•~f(J<IA~ ~~ ... 4 ~~ D'~~J~ '"""' A.o."\.\QA> ~~
4.-. h a :c:17p~ph,.· ll kt1•111rd COlll!PJ'iil!l~ ehu{leter olelJ.eate b'4
•;i;u.tra:t~ft •leotl"l•l eo:imecUoa .tth con~~d!»g .sig;'!Ualing el~»S't,$&
~5 $~1'1:n~ ·~ ~·tawr f\7itr Vttl'Jinl!I: the. ecmnoeU•s ~twee. \'be
keybo~! ~--~ ead. ~id •i~eliug •l•um.tsf a .-tat.or ~aitterJ
a. eiph•~$1 -tratuhdt.t*l"'f ~ -~~"'ltl eoor41utea Yith tUdd tru•1tte.rs
·~I' ef'f~tttl& P"t&l"*"tve ~p•rsU.an e.f the COl.i!.tl;lt-ator.
Page 18
.. '-'
j ?/·
,;-
'
REF ID:A52212B
i
o,.-e'1TIJ Gl.eetri.4&1. ®Moeti• "1th corN•pon~H.ins iip.N.ing. el.••I•;
a-...a 00$.pri"'1ns a ~t&tor tor 'f'IU"I~ the 04'MDeo\i~~ b4ttmta t.he
o:aaaet.r· $1.-tlf •d l!Ud.4 sl:lft•liDa $l-.:t•1 a d.~lt8" ~t'
·~•J -~ Zf#M3 ·~aathg iHid ~- ·fd·th ·~ oo._ktiOl" tt>'r
iJ:t'.teetuaJ it~ :Pt."OP••t!tve op<t~auoo..
t ... Da a. .,-ptop¢1 ~ 'k•:ybo~d -.pl"'!S:t'Dg oh~etft el•••• 1n
op~nuv. eleetrte41 ~iu~oumi ntJ:t. ~•ponding td~"\g fia~ws
•~a 001.ipr:111A.r a. ~ta~ fol' •~a ~ ~eot4·•• betnen ·th$
chu-4Ctel' !ll'l.-t. ~. •14 •iplll!.1ls els•ts1 a cpberwkef. -.r.w.t.tor
~-i :rmd D.etm• CIOl!ltpriJtiag a 401lWUUI" t1'lm-1t~ ~U.tlDI
aaid •~i• witb th• ~tator fO'r effectitlg i.ts f:'QV$Hive <>lM~U.ca..
v. IA~ ~-If"&~" 4 :t.,-'lf:eal!'d ~1atns ~act• el.••tt in
o~attn talcct:ri-.1 ~t!Ol\ with a co~~di.111 ·matw of s1~g
elamenb\J .. a em~ising 1; ~tD;t;o;, ~- V&7l':.fhi the oonnec:t.ii;ma l>et._.
t.M k•7~ alaet& ad md $ip~g :$lac$&J a ~kw~ tnm-1.t'tvJ
a c:tr.tlu.ut~y. 'ralld.tiu'J md d.r<mit uane cooriio4t.d, •1tk '$&1d ·t.nm.a
&titter$ J'or erf'eo\tna fl'OP•~,ai't'& open~ ot th• ~•tor.
8. la a _.,,wa;raph,, a k97~ ~'1'1•ing 4itbar.sowr ,gl~te .SA
opu'&ti.T$ ehctrioal ~nectJ.on nth cor;-e$pondia' at.,AliAI ele•m:t.DJ
aeaii Caprtsto.g a ~ktar ~o~ VU1intt the oon.a~• 'kwee the
k~ f!l.~atl.IS and a-aid 31~ elacnt.a.1 a COlllimtAtGr tnnel'tt.:r:J a
et~ter vam.t~; -4 ~~tt _., ~aUtt.1 'both of md.d tr•._ ldt\va to1!' 3outl1 f!ffaottug p:ro~saift opanti~ of' the ~-to~,.
t. ta A Cl"lfP\oar~. • ker~ ~Fl•tns: oMJraeter ti-.tG m @fmA:t-1•• ~lectri-1 eotme:nion Id.tit ~IJMmdi.A& $1paliug ~•bf
-::r-:,~·· _., ~·ine • ... titllOJ' tw ..... PA, ~ .... eo.Uma ~,..,_ ta.
kqboar4 .i.en•til ad -14 l.1£'1Mlia& elaat4; a CQllllmiawr U*tmsadt.\er;
; . ,,/
Page 19
'-
REF ID:A52212B ,., - -· .. , . .-,-- ·.- .,.,
a ct~Q trm•ttter; ad .-s ~atlftg •.:td eanutator nd otph•Ji
key v~.U.\tn"~P tbe ~tor ~at'11;1~t.- fol" .i\ttee~ prog$Sdft
•ra·Uoa ot th& ~tater.,
lO. Zn- a 01qptoj'l'Ap1 a kqboa.re ~ms cbanoter timata in
op«W~tl:•n1 ellflC!t~ eouec~ with eones~g at§lublg .a.•aw;
~• compr-1.d.na 11 ~•tar tw ftr1iAB tlte er.miutatioa.e bet.- ~
k87liioard ol••t• ud Hd.d -~i»i W.e~t.; • ~ta.tor ·t.ra.mi tt.RJ
a c1:phel"-!kq tt•at t~ ~•J c4 aean:s -eo<m.Ua~t~ with both 0£
$d4 ~~t:tt:l'.G tor ett~t.Ut.g PJ'O!l~sis1Y-t ~rol.\\ion r4 the ~tat.or,
_ftl.4 ct.phtt~-~ tran~it\er ?t~llhaia-m ~ eatml,lid by• key1n.g ~••t
1fht® !• .inde,~t of th• er.rgto~;Ii.
ll. 111 II\ 'fh'lptQp-11~ a ~bM.,ri ~priatng O~.nlOte'r «4-taUtli 1n
o-per4\tw •l.eoV'.iMl coaGOU- with •rns-pmt<l1n~ •i~blg eleaumta;.
••~S ec~isia! ti- •_,,,.tator for ~ht thft oc:u~\1011$ b•tw&at'i the
leJ1-ud ~lttm•tl.t &W *7dd ;ai~r elu•~I t .. <KillRf.fktor tr•-1tter; ,,,....... / a eiJ;)he,...Cq tnnatt.tel" ~ea; and•••• ~oordmaW. ~th ~tb of
tell'! ~-1.t~rs .fol' e!tectin.g ·Ptoi~~l:w:0 O£'H1J>at.s.oa. or the ~tAt.ol!".,
, sldti dpu~l!rrq tramatttw seebi!mia ~, eoutrolled b,f a tape be.uiBg
p.-ri'ontio• ~~tea bl a#GONmce W'lth a l)llU'1tl uit -4••
u. A ~~,p,$ ... ,, ~.-pri:e1118 =· eiloctrtol!itl. oir-attitt ea acl.udirlg
a cuueat .a~reeJ a rGhy in- $SA·W etrcuit; a &e"t or· eontrul't, l~:s, 8i14
pd.Nd. cmttMlt po1ttta; ~ta-ti'lfelJ' pcstttcm.:t and; op•ntiYtt tnNW1th
!a nid etreu1tJ a ~- aet cf' coatac:t 1.ven ad ·QGntiuit 901.n\#
4i4fi'C!iit.,, ·In 1Ul1J.al1 ~t~t.tve tfUatiQll wttk md ·o!J'Cd.tg -4 .....
tor eoa1'1et1n1 ~d eirtu1~ an4 eergi.$1.ni ad.d rel.a)" ®17 a\ neb ttRa
u th• •"1~ smu et ccma.et.iollllll ea\aw.1~ utbi.D th~ tS.~t, ••\of
~tac.t levua Md-~ u~•td contact, poiata ls ideft.tieal wi'b: tbs
entire nri.u or ~ee'1.ona< tt3'6'bli:l!lhed 'Si~ th~ $eooad bt of coa"4t
lewr• -4. t.he-ir ~octatM ccmt&c\ pcin'ta•
l--' · ..•. ·
Page 20
/~~
G:.P~_,·
.;;.""''-· ,,,-'
l&. .A ~pt~; ~t1ng ll'm -•l•ovlc&l. e:lt'OUl' ad tn.Qludhc
~- ~t s~ret)J tr. ~lq 1~ ,e~1i M.red. t; .i •~•t •f' eont&ot levn-s ad
,atred; CODUA~'t ~lntl.ll-• F&nnrtattv~.ly ~1Uoae6 ci!f, o,era.t1Te tha0'1lth
isl '"S.d c1r-.1~; ~ :1•oon~ ~*'t. ot -ecnt&<tt lflvtr't ad: ~flU•t potnta
~ei.-b~ in ~!.~11$rl1 o,.-s.Uve ;reis\lfm wit.~ ~aid eir01.11itJ ~d •an•
tor p~);).t.~tivErlf •.a:ryii'ig a& ~ •~'t el.!l.eh IJ)f tho Mi4 till'.!'Y «'>t eQntG.ot len~&.
:Jt.4. A e~\opl'tJ)h,. ooaprl;,111-ng m · GlMtri-1. circuit 11ttd i.neluding
4 e111'~€!6t ~?'COJ a t"•l&7 'l~ .Ud ci:reuit~ ll. ee'\ ot 1:a•1/b~et l•~~e :an4
pd.p,; <tOntaot po1Jrta, p~nut.a~1vel; i~oPiti<?n.ei} ani op$:r.l<l.t1V'e t;h*~ith
i.ll *!(ti>! fll.'t'~i.l4.t1 t11, 1.e:ottd f!et ot ·G•t.mt'Ae't 1il1ive:r~ rmd ooctia:et ~ints
u~o-e.lil!tud Ul atslL1rl1 ~~ttw t~l~tion· wtf£h; ~l:(l! '1.b'tu1i-; ·~tt aeancs
tor penw tftt.1 ..-ely v~c ae· a Mt each of the sfid..d •ts ot co'!iuct. lt>Ytta,.
.. ~.ta'ti"m ~•'1oa.s -~in a~&'lO& w.ltb the eue pl.~41. vatt
... fo7 bo'h .ae:li$. of ~taot lnu-tt-.
1a. l cqptc>~aph1 eompnt:Wi~· m ·~teot'.l:'ie~l c1re:u1t •d '1noludin1
.. enrrm!Ji, ~o-taee; n :"~f' in add ~rO\liti ;a; '$et or ~:~et le11f.l"l!:l and
pd~ t®tsct; po1nttll1 pe:timl~ttvel;r i'llCd.tiaid 11md ~~f1tive tb~rm¢th
~- ~i<t -eil"~ltJ "teeon.4 11t1tt <1»t ·ccm•t le•~" •4 ,~te:ot· ~u
&aso~li!itcid in sb4.l..-q o~;r:~t1Y:o. Hl.ati._ wit.ll .Pld Qinui~1 aeane tor
~U;Ag 1ttd. :d:Ntlt tm4 ~rpsta,g ea1d. ~ onl,f et. neh Uaea q
the attp 8'-ft'ie:• ot· comulctd.oau est&blle-4 1'i th1n th& ti.rat aet ot
oan•.ot lev•n Md tkw ·~•i•W ~tl4t pc:dnt. :a idectJ.cal nth thct
-~ 1.n.1• of een.'1•<=1"ia-a •l&tabl.te.i \\f$. thin tb$ ~• ut et c~~et
l-eV.G ~ their JAl~.i;a~ O'GD:t~Ot pobq; u4 ..aa fOI' J>erm:i~t.i:ftl.7
·~•ea t1et ~ ot th•'"° •eta ot coat~u.1'\ ~t".$1 the. ,._.taU..n V.$~ttas betas tu aeeodraoe with the ••• plura:l unit. cod• for "°tl:b•Q:te et ~tact la11-M"# ..
Page 21
. - -·-----~-··; • . .-~, .. ~~~- -- - REF .-ID-: A52212B. --- -~ r -~
~ ".>."':': ~.
. . . '
in ~:.-CbCu1t1 a_,._, :fft ot ~•~t l.cw~ _, _.t..~C)t. ~- *.Stoat.aw \' i ·· •• :·_. :
:ta-~~}~~ Cpenttf.'ft' ... J.at.f.OG i\d.tll u14 ~-I -.t BM.Ile to-r pit-:i'INktlftl.J
- ·' .. :. ·•
~U..$ tor -. l1f t.Rd.d •ta Gt lf)"'°" ~ !A 4lC'CO~•· w!.th ue phnl,,...
1!l\lt Code, tlw$c ll4 tJte oti.er. ot th& two. ·fets ot· l .. ._.. 'beiq 10 l~&i•
11l1"1 • tif:tea• pla'r~f.. -.,.
u~· • ..,,~. ~&lo• a ei~ et~s:t. ·•d ia~1 a
....,_, ·~ei • ~., 111 •1« ~tJ ~· Mt fJt etllltaet. l.ve:re end plJ.re4
. ..u.-· pomts, p~U'flely 110-UU«ted •« :o;p$'vctt~ ·"""wi:t.\ in -.i4
~1\$ · •· ~ Mt. d -=~et. l•'l'm:'tf aad C4t'ltut polat# ·~-~ S.
dmllari;r ~- .relt.ttoa._ .iib nM 41•.S.tt -.. ... bJr ooa_plettz« -14
drotll .a ••.a:Ldla ld.4 ~ 01i11 at .U. ti-. u ill• aUte ••1•
ot oaitit•\l.at& ~ .. d\lda tile tbft, :Ht flt OOl.tfll.ct lWen a4 tb.eil'·
u-.,oiaw -.tact pct.IA\81• t4•UOal a•·•-~ '81!"1• ot oenn---.
-~ ld.WD tbe -4 M\ et _.tMt ~ -4 "81.i' &99001-atell . ·. . . . . . . .
ocataei pola.U:J c.4 ._. .ftu." p.-tatl•q •~I -. a n\ •• of a. · . ..._. Gels ot ftllt.u\ levw•~ 'UW ,._tt.ttw ~-· f'•-. -_ .. -.. -of lff•• ~ a -~· ctn •·• plu'a.1-at.\ 4048, tho• ot • etbe
I
ot ... \lJO t•ltt et l•ffl"di: ·~I J.a ~--~ & titt_..t fl.tl/Ml....S.t-
IQ4e ...
» •.. ~·-~. ~-:a ..... 11o~ bearina. ar1"fi., p1u ~·
fl . in ~·,:•~' 1te da,. tU .,poup• ceprl~ __. • pl'or&U.v ot udt'a
\~\~~~"~·-· ·ia-*•··~-~~.~-~J fle".~ .. ' ' Md: . .-.. b;J~ pe.S. · _ 18& \be ,j.dJU$ t"ol' b4ep$Qdat.\t •. ...,... •• *" ....,. a
- .. ·~· : . . .... ... J':d .... -- .. ,....~ ot·. ~t. ~-
. .. . - '\', ' . .
·.· l.1.-. ?a a Cl.7P~• • ..a.OU. ''*-11llil 4me..• ffl9ddlg & . . ' . . . !
-~·· ~·-~ a. --~ t4 ,,.. .. ..n.p.d !a ~pa ~· 1.tO n.m., 0
t.he-',...,a CtdPri.aa. ueh a pleaU·'J' ot atw poa14m1ed ~.._.....,
... · ; .. '~ ·~ •' I ~
. ·. ·: . :.: .
·. . ;:_.·· :. ::
'' . , . ·.
- :-· ,·
. l: '-: ~ ~:
... -.· . ~. . ~ .. ·:
' ., • -:·1·
... :;t
.·_.
' ;
..
Page 22
.. ..>~"'
.--. REF ID :A52212B .. -.
ot eaW r.&a ancl: ooneapoudin1 in number ot pou14 to • p.rede~
1ui'1eo't.i.• ot olarv.cte.-a aeana fQ poatUcnilag tbe ~·for 1adependeo•
oparaU-oo. ill OOUP• in ucordaoe w1 th tho .PHll\l·ta.ttou or a pl.un.li-4mlt.
codeJ ttaid \lrta tiso 'burinf rm it-s ob'Yel'se aud .revorae .t~ce• l"ftti.i:>eCtl•el.7 ·
e. su1•e ot equid1.atatly. spaee4 oo·a.teot elelltlOts UT~ 1n a l"illl
.adJ:acat to t.b~ periphety1 and mans tor e.str.ibliehln& fortm.tous. el!lCW:io&l
. fG. IA a ~,ptosrap~. a coaectiaa ebmigln£ device co:apri-s1Dg a
rotata.'bl11 an.. beariog ·a aeries ot pine. e.n"Ulged ·SA apaaeti O--Jtl -about
it.a rii'it1 the gl'Ollps cOaprl.amg aaob a ,1ur.U.t.1 ot anita ·po:t1"1ead
tr•·u1v61'"1J ot Mid ria •4 corre.opondiDa in a.be~ ot groups- to a
prnetGr..al.aed ffloction ot chv"et.araJ aeme -ror :poet t10111ng -th p.tas
·<- tor .1nditj1.0.mt opW&t1c:ir.l Jn groap:t ia acoonimoe wit.h th• j)Ol'llU-t.a~i.t.~'i ot
a plu.n.l-md.t. :sode; suid d:rua als~ ~.~; on it.z ob"Vl!rse L"'Kl. rw"J"~e fliMl9a
ffapNUvolT a sm-101 of ~u!1~atan·tly OJ;'"tCef! eon:t:.:.ct cl:alC.'lta att.~1~ ill
a 1'1.'lS a.d.j.iaeent w the ;tmpb.flry.; e-Sl.d ••1111 tel" cab.bllr.hin& .fortuitou.•
,,.... , . .,,..
electriaal ernmecUcna rac1pro&mll1 in :>~s bet.wec:t tbeoppcs.1.t~d;r df.o;,"Jaad.
contact. .iaan\8 ot &•id f•oee.
_pendent opcn.tlm in 11coordance witb. the penmtationcs or Ii plunl-tei.t.. oo48.
tihe srot•:pg tompl'ic:l.Db· each a plurali tr of phl• enc, aaid. groupe eorreapoa41q
11' nuaber to 11 pndeter.aiaed 1eleot1on of -eh!:racters; a tnrru;a1t.te1!' eontroUal
'b,r aid pS:na, aa.tcl t.ftm-S.t.t.r COl!Jtl"1s!ns· a ci•t. ot. eozitaet po1Au ad cont.an
leTWa epera'1 Te ~th 1n Mr1es c1rcm1 t :rttlat.1.0D..
Page 23
. -· _ ...
REF ID:A52212B
••1• ot piu ana1ecl 1a IJl'Ollpe ekNt. 1u r1m au god t1o.ud tor ~
pddct opanU. 1D ... .-.. Id.th ta p._ta'1.a• ot a p1.vnl..u.ntt ooae,
t.be poaps ooaprlnag eac>a • plunlit7 ot p!ll• GDd aat~ groupa ooneapaM!l.n1·
ill cmiabar to a P"4.•tea1.ne4 "ftleot.ioo ot ohuaet.01 a trataeait.tet' controlled
'tq •aid p.Sna,, aud "1Wl•tter ooapii.8111& a at.~ contac\ poJAb ad ·contact
l•-••n epentiw th9rftith 1D .1er1ee o1rouit rela\1.af 81ld •aaG •l#o
contrOlled lq .add. ptna e:n4 penu\atinl:J operable with Hid tru.S.t.ta to
Ht. up prop-ealive etepe in the ooa.Uaait1' ot aaid am.ea d.rauit.
21. A crntof'.l"&ph~ GOaPl'1iinl an operatiftlf uaoeiated .am• -eleotr1cal oLrau.1 t .a :S..cludiag • cmrrmt. SOOJ'OeJ a :relq ·m uttl Gli-eu1 tJ
a rota.table C011111Utator •n.'1'.UlS: a senaa ot ·pJ.no poe.l U.on.ed 1n groupa •bout-
1ta nm tor hld~~t opel'&tim in. aocordanco •itll ·the ponmbUoaa t4 a.
pl.val-unit code• the groups Cll!lpri•itll uch a plvali'·t)' o-f -plr.ua ad add
grou:ps corre1pon41114 .tn Ull'bc· t.o a p"°.etendAed aolectioD of chara4t•:NJ . . .
a ~tator V.al\ter CGlltl'GUed b7 o.dd ph\s1 Mid trsAlll1 t.te OG<apri.alq
a 11et- ot CQQ\act ·poaW. and CODtact !even operat.tn thoro"1th in uriu
circuit. relatiOAJ aem11 emliaUDg of a otpber-MJ" t.na.S.titor, Mid -vaa .. rd. t.'Mr CCll!lfri.ainc "' set o£ cout.ir.c~ poiata a.'U! aoatact t.ftrs opentive th...,_
with 1za t1'ae aaae 1erl,es. Ctl'Ctl:U. MlAtiOtll ea.d •••. ~ointlJ' eantrolle<l bi
both or atdd. t.rtmem.tters tor aet.tirlg up pntgreUive 1tep1 in tbe acmUtmitJ'
ot said oa.ri•• ei.rcuit for operating ea.id. relA7•
' coi111nt&tor trclllit'MrJ • dpher.-k~ tr11u1id.tte!'J .aad a·l'Oatabl.• :00111111tato:r
beu1.11g·ora it.a r1a a nri•P o.t f1n• arnnged in seu, tho~ correspontin1
11.l ~ to a pn4et.aftl1Ded seleOUon ~ on:notc-a. aaY p1a1 being,
poe1t1aed penmtaU'Nlf 1n group or tin in JIOCOl'dfmce Wit.Ii a·ael.eet.ft "'
~ penaataUona r4 a tl'ft-UDit. code ..
------..:;!! :-'. --~--· ------~_.. ............ · ......... - ·------~·-.-...:..------~--...
Page 24
REF ID:A52212B
1:6. la a ~- et ·'1bJ· ~atcr dedr1bel!1 th.ft cub1n"1on of a
.,..:t,a.'°r ~tWJ a 01,Ph~J tran.ttteri ,aa,d a rotatald.• CQllllitta.,r
haring <>• 1ta riJI a a&r1ea ot pla# ·anupd ;t.n ~, th$ •et-a corrsapoaiUag
-,,... ta ma~ w a Pl'$det.621'adlif.t4 a.elec:U•a of chan.cuwa, ·Std.d ptaa l:!eing
lffi\loned penutatim7 iD. pou»-• ot :tivtJ ·in «.oocmlawe nth a ~elected an et Pttntt.U.• ot & t:S.~\ ~-to etr.ut <soDtnl of sut ... ttito»
21. Li .a, ~~la ot the ~uter- 4*•-1be41 ~ comhlnat~on .r. a
oommtult.or vmatitm-1 .a cl~ ~-t.~11 ~ .a a"Otatable ~t&'
~ ou. itt rim a ~ui.9Si of ptna ~ceil tn "td!;• ·the 'eu 40~~•
ill au'be to ·~. prdta~i.t4 ael.oct1oo or ~~·• Ge.14 pln1.$: ~
poai ti.on~ ~1!Dt&t.1v~ a ~pa of five !a tt,1e~ee wt th a seleo.t«l o\
ot p~\atlona 11>t a fi'Y~\ :CJOd• to .ttee\ ~tl'O.t of $$\1d ~-~
V..tt'Get"j Md ••. , Of$l"lltil"ll 91.th .said ~"110r t~-1ttd' for JoinU,
ooat:rollin.t ~ pnpdd• cli4pl~mta ttt the ~ktolr ..
1t8+ 1- • :.1ee~t• ot th& ~owr d~smbt4, threa com.hhl,et1Qtl 0£ •
~\aw tl<&nattWX'J a ·el.pke~ ~i.i~mtd~t.ri ~a: r~Mtfablilli ~tator
~- on tta d.Jl s sert&a ot ~· ~ ~ a'tet the 6~- con'mJ~
.ta ~ to ·• prede~~ aei•e•cn ~t ob:Q'~c;t;srg, $614 pints 'be,11tg
pl'.>11.tiOA.0 pf1J:'Qt&ttv~q .ta F:tll'' ot ti.~ :1n ~~oe td:th a 4electfld ll&t
ot ~tettoiu1 ot a f'1ve-tm;U; ~to ettetrt ~trol of .1.!l.i4 ·~t•tc.r .
trautttart ~d .-s oco~atta with a cJ.~l'-bJ' Vat'l:erd.tter uehmd.•
ad G"1"at:t.w G.th .Ud ~tatQl" tt'U1-.lt.~ ftt Jobltly =natltn.g ·the
pl'Oil"IJSAT• tU.spl~tl ~f the ... tatrw •.
29.. fa ~ :aech:r.rd.ll!t of ~ ®siract$r d•"ribefi, ~ em1bin•).tJ.oa or a
~tater treard.t,ter; a c1:~k•J u~:r11ittarJ ad ~ rotatabl<r c~tJ.ttor
h•m-ht~ oa i tGJ rim a ~e.r.J.tui· r4 pin.a an-1mged ia 1''9b1 tbtWl u•te uo-rr!'>tspon<ilns
.Sa n~ to a pndtl'\emdn1.1J;~. $deot1on 0£ ¢harae·tel?e1 said )!<in~ be.tns pod:tione4
p&nmtatift'.q ia t,roUj)& o:t fl.ft .h\ @OOritUUW llllth ~ aelie:Ctl'.ld lft'd~ ot
' .. '
Page 25
REF ID:A52212B
30(> In a tnlif:b.aniem o-t the character dascribed.$ tl'w e&~binati.on of a
1 Om:!llmbeitor t.r:tittsmi,tte?'J a cip.hell"-k&y ~inn.sinittel"J end $. rota.tat~le commutator
be.iiring en it.£ :rim a SH1.r:riea of p!na 0rrm£l,OO in e&eirt.B, the sets corr'l!~ding
in aw:lbm' to a predetermined m:d<!Otitln of ch&rae-oors~ sud pins being
poaiticmcd p&rmutG.tively in groups of five in a.eeontm'lcQ td.tb Q selfJetet\ o:rd~r
o.t pe$1tt1.tilms of a fi~nit eod•i> •4 to th@' exc.luai(lf.I. e!' undesired. pemut&
ti'l.ll!ls of tlifi uid cods to eiff~et eentrol of: su.id COO®utato.r transmitters and
' ialiuia coordi.na"tad with said W.pher-k.0y tri\namitt.er ~cruanimn ancl operable mth
el'Rid. eoiauutor tr&iNJ.tt~:l' tor jointly controllit:lg pi-op-os3.iv<ri d.1spJ.aa~1llum~
i5l11 In a ~e.ehiauima of the ~act.er deseribed» the cabina.tion of &
CotlC.llutator tr~saittei!'J a. ciphiar-u1 u~rudttl$rf ~ rotatalll.'3 oo~t$tc>Jr
b$arlnf& on 1 ta no e s.eries of pine Eu·i-anged in so.ta, the seiG cone:aponiU.aa
in n.uabar to a predeter.Un~ ael.ect.1on of cba.recter$,- stdd pins being poaiti<med
p!!tnsnnatiV0ly in grQUpa or five in aooordance m~h a. ~Gl.ected order o:t
pol"!lmtAtions of a five-unit. eode, ~nd ·to tho uclus.ioo ot 'WWGB.1~ pranmata.Uons
of t.h0 1u.1:1d cods to effect control of ::141d c~sutator t:'anmtt&rl umui
eoord!.n.ated <t;ith sud ciph~ey tranooittar ~nd operable with ea-.td commutator
tl"&nw.ili ttcr for join tl:r con trolling p?"Ogretnd. ve displai.oeraen~ of tho .c~uta.ton
12.. In A m.cohtm1.i$U of tho clui.racter doscribed,,, t.11~ corabia~Mon ot a.
e,..~uta.tor t.i .. &na"...dt.t$:t'J a ei?hor-k01 tr~n5aitter; ~ rotatabl~ ccrm..-.ut.ator
be.sring Otl it$ t"im Si !~rl.OS Of pi.?12) s.1•g-.tnged in ~"9t~~ th~ 0.l/Jt$ f!»lTe:llpOU<ling
i:i numbar, w a vr'ldeter~ed s~l0etit>u of ehar6)oter;;; 0 eIJid pins btdtig
' pouiti-onwd pcrmitat.i vely in ~U1Jfil of live in &Clt':Ol-tlanoe uit.h e. solact.00 o;.~dor
or pe.r.l.Wtu tiooa of a fi:v~ni t codej) and to tho exclusion of Qndeeirtlld perwta
\'ion.s et the aai4 code to JOffeet control of and eoautiator t.ren.r:f!l.itter1 mer.me
Page 26
REF ID:A52212B
:,.
c~ted with aal\? e.J.phar-kq . ~w t.ter and operable ldt.h aa14 ooamU.tor.
t.:: .. >tt: .. : . l
._.,,.
trml.s:·t.w tor Johltlq oawolling progresaive diepl.4oflMQta ot the ooima-.. .. ·;·. _ · tiorJ- · ~ air.1 t mean• JAoludia& an eleo..,...pe·t.1.o relq for emtrolllq
•.U' clleplaoem.., \be c1nuit meaae beia& oder the ~oint oont.iol ot botb . . ~ .
54~ A~- of tb.~· chsracte:f' dr.tae~bed, COllJ>ti.uiag a se\ ot el_.'9 \I~ ;.k i\._~u.~ 2t'·!• '·" \. e_ns. ,:X,.__ l c.Jl'.l,~ .._..,._,\.__Q.PJ\.J\_~~- .
oons\ttut.till a. k'7bo&rd an.d a iet or elu«lto ooa1titutti!lg a a.lgulin.s i.akJ . . A
-<> . a ow1 toMng d.n'ice tor varp.n.4 the COMfl.tCtlotui botwsen tbe tw PU of
,./\~\">\ elomOllte'$ ........, for O!laularlJ diapl,.eing the ""1\ehing deYie• ha aporio41G
AMner. the Mgl.iW displsce:Mmts beitlg unequal.
36. A ~iaw ot tho clvAraot.er detor1bed, OOl4Jlr11in'1 a oe\ ·Of el8MllU )
~01uJt1_~1J.Ag a ltoyboard 1~,i K oet. of d.&Mnt..o oon1J\1t.uting e aip.aUai ~ .
a ew1~g deYioe tor Yarying tJ&o conneoUono bettHJen the no eots ot
•leacbJ mean.a tor tmgulM"l;y displacing thu aldtchbl,g devi.c.. 1a &Q aporloCU.o
unner, the araplar diaplacuat.a being unequal, the uneqvali t.J in apl.ar
diapl.aceme1.\t.a being detendned bJ u extomu lte7, said kq oocpridq a .nosa-. \
~QA..~''.;. '
repeating (sequence': of oi;;ih&ring characters arrana:ed 1D rand•• mintelliglble ~ .
order.
· .. ,,
': . :'~: .. ::~ I' 'f': .. ·
.. , '' '. ~ '
. ! . !
.. . ' ~ . . )
i .;
Page 27
REF ID:A52212B
I?. .1 aeohsmia of the c?u.\r•cter de1cr1bed, eompr1tin& n. l'G•t of el.,..te . ) . { .. p-:v~j
cons:M.tuUag • keyboard r~~ a set. of ole111onttt oonstltt1tbtg ;\IQ 91.gnftline b-~ ~ .
a n1 tobiag dnloe for vaJ71ft$t th• comutctiona betwe• the two me\111 ot eleen teJ
· "'\'/\'~-•tor agul!ll'l; dioplooing the 8"ito!Wlg :•vioe b on apal'iodio .. - ... ,
tbe angular diapl&\oem+mt1 being tmequu, the Jdb~t:aalit.7 in cgular dltplacta•ta -- ' . .r· ~V:l
- being ~"'-'"'1.tled b'y an exhn:ial ltq1 said key coapriaing e. ~Ung t•--) of oipher!ng elulrBctttrs arr.~n~~oo in random, unintollisible onit.r', the 0014
oiplt.r.bJg charactere being e~;ployQ'd mlCCtK'Uli voly t.o aclphtrr GCClftaiW oharactltrs
,U• poaf.tl0tted tor p&rmutative ·operaU.011 h srcups coapriairlg a.ob o ht ot
t1w plno ad Pid g:roupo oorrtspoadinc 1a n~bsr to a pr«t.~1ned a.l.eeUoa
of obv&cteruJ a. ciphor-ltGy trfl.nsitters a co•atator tramaU.~ coatt'olled
bJ ad.d p.U.a, aeJ.4 tranrmittQr aomp:riaing f, tirat ~et or C011t111ot lnwa ·-4
/:,, paired cout.aot poitlt.fi olmot.ricmU, opP.ttfi<t1ve tbarmth, eatd le.,.• ~· ·'
actuated b:' the penmt.iat.ively podt.iOJled pine of' Mid eo11m1tator, wb8l1
el•otrical.17 or.n•t\\ed through naid levera mtd ti.Ye Of sdd eon.tact\ poinu. to
ee\. ~ a fir'st set of five progreaeive steps ta th~ coutiat.ai\y of an &leotrioul
path tor the diapl&eUle!tt of the eoMUt.ator; Jlo•u1 eoordineted •1th •ntd
csomamt.cator t.ranem1tter for Jolntl: CCllt.rolli.nc pro~1udve diaplMSOll:ets of tbCI
IOlliilfktor, Hu U81la be1%1i cmtrolled by st.id clpher-tq treaemittvs a ' '
__. .Rt, of ooatatt ltve.ra ed. paired cm tact. poin ta oleow:l:oally oper.dl.e
thernt.~, · Aid ·1$vers b\dag t$G't;ua·ted by said ciphe~q tranaiitv, · '*-... '>l·i. . t·
etrnita are coap.teW thl'ough the contAot levers ot end cipl\er-bf .• 8111 ,_,.
and t1ft of the contact point.a, to set up • se«md set. .or fin pN>puld"H atapa
In th• con.tinuity of an elt!let.rloal rath to'J' "1e displ.~t. ot tU cosmtator;
.._. tor l'Ot.at.tng the comntator; · ·: 11ea1 operatiw with aid OOJ!llltlt.ltol" to
can aperiodle·11ltGTUpUon 1a 1ta ro·tat.1•; u4 aeaa to atvt. and stop tho
.._ ......
· .. ·:,"-'.:.
.. ;
' '
.l
Page 28
REF ID:A52212B
co11 t.!1..ctn !'c:r cl osi.n ll £aid ciroul t. c.:ini11:c ti on BJ 1:1 ,plurc~lr-un.i t C:rlGO oipher
toi t.?'U·'2-itt.er coord:l!a&.tt•1 •·ith ::·nid k&)i:.'041'tl to Jo:1ntl:; co?ltt'Ol aaid
'ltth t.he c~ttt.ol1 ot th4' Gtb.-5r facei1 terent,-dx 1Jetf!! of p:tns mou."1\.Gd on
the J'ili Of O&id wb•tl ~nd po!1tlcnR~ for pertsutfttiT~ aper~t!OR ~rain!
to the p~ru11taU...oru of' a f1ve"""lln1\ eoc!f'J ll CCJll."-SU·t.~tor tr1n.lMlitt.11-r oompridng
when eilt,c·tr1<·:~1ly r;:'K•:r•;.t.~r. t.hnmnh t-~i~ h!tm·r; ,r.;;~ rt?~ a.r to.ii "outuat pa.in.ta, •
to set 1.:1p a first. :!:·fJt. of flve ~IGrJ:L"ie~•iw; et.op.e in. the ~t.1.n11lt7 ot an.
111 the cont1Au1 tJ or th~ V.Ml• i1tlect.ric.U eir·cmi t for t.be 1Ueplact!Bent or the
001111mtator1 maena deplllnd111·r..\ upon the oontinuitJ or said eleet.r1cal ciJ"oult to
etteo\ dleplaeQJMl:lt.l!I ot the eOlDlnut~tor mtU the. r:troat l'tet. ot f1Ytt progre.alYe
1tep1 enct.11 •.toheis the Hcoftf! a~t or t!Ye progreAdTe ,,teps in th•
cont1nvl t.J ot ea1d '9tl@otr1oel c1.rcm1 t.
Page 29
\
REF ID:A52212B
bet•• •~id elemfflltlJ tho •thod of eneipherlns which coneista 1n
ooatinuouel)' -.aey:lng th~ cipher resultnnt of "' glvf)ll\ plldn tat charaeter,
b7 externall1 controlling t.h.I! apt1riodic di111plaoue.n t.~ of &fl.id a-.t tabing denoe.
' •l. In A orntosrAphio synt.en, e11p10Jing en ~lm.4.!flt u·pon which a plaia
t.e:xt ohanc~er is e~tabli?.th.ttd, ~d l'!.n ehment. upon which ~1 ciphRr character
is established, ond inclm11ni; a switching dmee operntiYe.ly interposed
' bet.ween l!Jftld elements, lilnd 0001-ditH11t.sc\ for U!!\le undf!l' tbe control or a cipher-
val"11DI the ciph~r re~ulf:..t:\nt of l\\ g!v11m plain ·t..x.t chaa•ncter, by tJxtemnllJ
cont.rolling the spertod.ic dlisple.cea~n·te or 19nid aw! tch1ng (\~Tice, the etflp • /l
\.\.\,f.J( ..... ~ ... ,,. ';
ot _externnl control inYCl'9'1ng \he protluet.ion by tho clpher-kq tranaitter
.u. In a eryptogrnphla '.ilf£1tf!!111. ttmp.loy.ln.q; Dn 11!lement 'lPO!l which 1 plnhl
text chaneter lo estll.b.llFJhl!ld, Md mi element UJ>O'l 9iihich a alpher character
is eabibllebed., M<'l lnclndtng -!\ aw.itching device opP.r1tt.iv1Jly interposed
be\wean said el•ents, nm! coonuru11t&d. tor ·as& under th·t control ot a ci,phel'-
.lref traml tt.er th:rougb whlcb iA p:!'u~rl n pertorat-ed t.Clpe; the -.ethod of
lllftcipbering which conl'!if!ts in continuously n17in~ th" oiph.,r raaultant of
a give plain tut chrii·itct;er• by exten1&111 eont.roiling thft aperlodio die-. . I fl II . '
""""'"-· c.JC....&J-· ~~ •. ~ pb.oaoab or sud nl tching device., thtt st.p or exwmal control ltweJ.ma-- l
Uae pl"Otlllotion 1>T th• ciph•r-ke1 trcm111ltter or an 111.\iut.olliglhla redoa
'*lU•Oo ot koJ.1.n.g ohea.c t.erllJ and cbaogiq the 88q'1ft08 of the lc8Jinl
48. In a Cl"JPtographic &Jat•, uplo71.ng an eleaent upoa which a plain
text oh&"8ter is est.ablished, md 11.n. elnent upon Y1hich t\ cipher charao\er
i• e.UbUrlhed, ud in.eluding n. aw!.tohing device opl!fTat1vely interpo•ed
bet.._ said •lenentff, l\nd coordinated tor use undor the control of a oipber
t91 tnaamitte:r through which 11 pa11&ed a perforated te.p•J the method ot
Page 30
REF .ID :A52212B
enc1phe.r1ng which conaists in con tiuuously· vaq1ng tha ci:pller result.ant ot
a g:1veD pltdD t.nt chArElat<u·, bt ex.ter-rully controlling the aperiod.ic dleLu...c.-l-)........ .; \
plilcemeta of a~1u switohlng, device, the step of e:xtemttl oont.rol inYO-lv::ta.1
tiha production b1 the oiph.P.ir-ltay tr...m '9m.i t.ter of l'l.n uni:l t.elligible rendoa
1eqaeftoe of keying chnr~otArs; changing the n-equmce of tMi keying chara.ctera
of ta.id trenamitt&r; ~no •~king said tape coext$TlB1Ye in length with the total
length of thl!!' aet or mqssagoo to bt1t 11maipht!>rttd.
44. In 11 orjr6)t.ogrflphlo c1ntam, camplo;i.ng ·!m alemant upon which 111 plain.
te:rt oharaotl9r is est.nbl!sheil, flnt~ ~m 11Jl.qment. u1iot1 vh1ah a cipher chure.cter
1a eet.eblil!lhed, nnd including a H·1 tchina dtrdce opc•rnUvely lnte~poaed
bet.ween snid ele.~ents, 1mf1 coor1:lina.t·.~~1 for use und.er th., con.ti-cl or & cipher-
ke7 t.rnn•i tt.er through which ies pu11ed a ~r.tora te1d. t.':tpe; the 11.etbod of
enciphering •hich oondtit..s in continuously varying the cipher result.ant ot
& gi'f'en plaia. ·text clu1rl!lcter, b7 externally controlling the •periodic dA&-
plao•eta ot s.t!d 111witchf.ng device, 0
the ate,P of a.rtern&~ coatrol ~~~~~ . ·.···:·
the production b7' the ciph~·r-kay tr,!!lnsmlt.t.11r or en unintelligible random
••qu•oe ot ke;ring oharac·t.er·01 chMging th• atttiu@nce ot the k911ng ohara.ctera
or itaid trmumit.ter; =~kin;; said t111po coextensive in length witb tbe total
lengtb ot the Ht or me1n1nges to be tmc1phered J ancl changing said tape "1 t.h
46. In a C1"1ptogt'·'-Ph1o srstflm, emplo.;1nti an elemmit upon which a plain
'8xt oharaoter is eatnblia·het'l, wid an elacnt upon which a cipher fdlvaoter
1• •kbltshod, and including a eonnoct1on. cbftn;:i.111 derice opore.tivel,.
illtarpo1ed bet.ween ed(\ ele:mr.mts, s111.l1l denco being coordinate! tor vie mat•
the oontrol ot a ciphe.r-k97 t.ransmitter; the method or encipherin1 whleh
oona1ata ha continaousl7 vas71n1 tlhe cipher nnltat ot a g!vm plain. ten
obaraoter, bf extemt1lly ooat.roll!ng th& ap•rlodic dieplaoeutll"te ot sud. C.l~ .... -1
ccmaeotioa changing dev1ce, the et.ep or exton&l. control ~ \be
p...._OtiOlll b7 \he o1pher-k81 trenam.1.tter ot a unintelligible, random e9q11anoe ·
o~ characters in a plural-unit code; ua causing said traosmltter to opvate
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Page 31
REF ID:A52212B
Joint.'17 with t.ho connt!!cM.on changi.ni:r. 1J4t!vlca in controllinl'.t thrt diepln.camento
of said device.
48. In a crrptogrephi.c SJ'&tem• employing nn alot.nent upon •hloh a pla1n
text character 1e established, and M e-le:ient upon which A Cipher chtll"acter
.1e:.:;~s't:--bl.1shed, 11.nd b.c1udlng ~& :rot.t.uble oonnoction changing d..rtce operatiTe1J ···::;.
t.he CODt.rol ot a o1pher-ko7 trensm1 tt.er; th0 mntho<l o.t anclphenns whiob
aone1sta in coatinuouL11l7 VPUj!ng the c!phor l'ftBnl t!\lnt of. ira 1t1v•n plain text
chanokr bJ' ex9ro1sing ~ two-phnse control over the sperledio d1aplac.mea.te , . .
of 1.aid l'Otatable con.nl!tot!cn chnniln!l de~O!!l'J cuoiain~ onei phsse ot said
control to bo elr.1'.trc!sed 1ntern~.lly; ~nd cBul!i.ng t.hfJ oth!tr pha.ae ·or add
ooat:rol to be exore1aed exte!Tl~lly.
47. In a cryptogr&pldc qat•, aaplo11ng an ele.aent upon which a: plain
teat ohuaoter 111 eatabli1bed, and an elemfltlt upon wb.ioh a ciplutr character
l~ eotabliahed, l.Uld .including a rotBtable connection c?.umging de"f'iee opuats.valJ
iatapoaed 'bmt.wen 19!).!d elements; the method. ·or enaipberi1'g which COD.$iets in
· oonttauoaal,- va.171ng: t.he aiphez· re~ltont of n ;11ven plain text ohar.aoter
by exero1111111 '1 two-phase control over the aperiod.ic diaplecaents ot Aid
rotatable connection ch1J:alling devicoi onusing one phase ot said control to
be ezeroiaecl internulf, by s.ett.ing up pll!t'll'Uta.t:lone correapol\ding 1D naber
to a predetermlnoa selection ot cbaracter1 of a plural-unit codeJ cauain1
tile other phe H or 011.!d con f.t"Ol t.o b"' ewttrc11Jed. ext11nv1ll7 bJ eett1118 up a
a.late111gible1 .redom sequence of cha:re.cton in a -plurtl.-Qllit CodoJ end .....
ca••lal an ·1ate~action l"?etY;'t!en n~id ph"se1 to jointly control the aperiodio
d1aplac-.nis or aaid corinect1on abnnging dMrice •
. '8. In a cry9to1rnphlc D)"f'ltftm employing as(~ne o.t)tte teiliag ·•1--~)
a. 0~97 tr.an·saitter, sdd trmui~tor using a. ci~ey ~t.4 la
aaoo~oe nth a .ti ve-uni t code, and also emplo1in1 a second tranem1 tterJ . '
the liethod of ell111nat1!l.g trom the tinal C1"1Pto£r••• those perlllQt&tions of
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1a1d aode which have no 1't'1mll•rd e~ulv;.1lants in th~ co11ventionfll t.~rent)'-sl:w: vt(~ ........ \,_, t"''-'~-.. -):t.;; . .
letts llor•• oode,,_eaid met.hod cor.isist.ins\1n ca.uaing maid ciph~e7 trMe-
mit.ter t.o int.e:rn.ct .,,i.th the s.econd trflllsmlt.tctr• ·t.hc-1 llltt.er being l!l!;1ti1·ely
independent Of control lv the ilhlGRO.g&. ChRra.oter.
49. In 1. C!'1ptoua~h1c a1stu, •plo1ing l!!.8 ~-"e 01) 1 t.o k8fing aleen~)
a elph•r-k97 tl'anlll!lli ttar. vai.ug • ci?her-ke7 pel"!Wted. in accordmaa.e 1'1 th a
tlv~t code, and operative t1ith ·a sinaJ,e electrical· circuit bavint; tee
t1ul. Clr1Ptocraas those permut~tions of s11.id. code 1<•hieh hove no .;ta:;ida..--d . ~~.~~ .
· eqatruente in. the convontiond t.w.1.!1\tf-:sb: let.tftr ~ .. )rH corle, aa.id--mat.'lod
. COD&t•4na) in ca.us .t.u.1 !.1"'1.d t.ransr.zi t t.<?r to oon trol th1& opmtiili :ind closing
electrical c1rca1t.
. ao. In a orJptogrlil.phio BJl!ltn. emplo:ritl;; ,. t1rst. ·~anui.tt.er and a
conuotton changing device oootrolling st.id trusaa1t.t.ei'J s 1ecoad t..rma
ltttte and a perforated key-tape pe:nmte.d in ltccot;de.noe with a five-unit
code GODtrolllDg aP..id eecond t.ran•i tterJ and including •· aingle aleotl'ical •
clndt operaU:vely aasocio.ted with said transmit.t.erot the said c1r0111t
ha-dag ten indapmdent cirou1t, broakins el•ent.u ar:ra.n1atl 111 t.wo aste of
tlire aleaenta eRchJ t.ba method of eliminating f:t·UJ~ t.bu ~1nal or7pt.ogrima
those p&nmtatiOllls ot said five-unit oocle ~l;ich h~va no &t.i.iodGrd ~uirue~ts . . 1..4-~ la
1a the omvmt.ianal t.t1err1t1·-six let.t.er llorsQ 00<.\e, ~a1d ;;uat.bod):onuiist~·
ta oameac both trG11amitte1·s Jointlt to coatiool tJ10 opming and. alaal.Dc ot
ad.4 elect.ricoJ. ci1•cu1t., the fiN!t St'lt of t1ve Cil"CUi t 'bra*ing eleaenta
be1ag oontrolled. by ono of said t&•1uJmaittor.a, cincl ·the e1e4:ond eat ot n.va
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