27/05/2011 - 15th International Passive House Conference - Innsbruck
New passive solutions for summer comfort
and timber housing in French Atlantic climate
Context, solutions,
experience feedbacks
and perspectives
Stéphanie DECKER Research Engineer
27 May 2011 - 15th International Passive House Conference - Innsbruck
Co-authors:
Denis BRUNEAU
Philippe LAGIERE
Jérôme LOPEZ
27/05/2011 - 15th International Passive House Conference - Innsbruck
Table of contents
227/05/2011 - 15th International Passive House Conference - Innsbruck
1. I2M and NOBATEK presentation
2. French Atlantic climate and timber housing
3. Case studies and experience feedbacks
27/05/2011 - 15th International Passive House Conference - Innsbruck
Table of contents
3
1. I2M and NOBATEK presentation
2. French Atlantic climate and timber housing
3. Case studies and experience feedbacks
27/05/2011 - 15th International Passive House Conference - Innsbruck
27/05/2011 - 15th International Passive House Conference - Innsbruck
1. I2M and NOBATEK presentation
I2M Institute
� Mechanical and Engineering Institute of Bordeaux
� 6 departments :
- APY : Acoustic Physic
- DUMAS : Durability Materials of Assembly and Structures
- GCE : Civil and Environmental Engineering
- IMC : Mechanical Engineering and Design
- TREFLE : Fluids and Transfers
� Today : 260 staffs
- 124 researchers, 3 research engineers and 38 technicians
- 100 PhD students
- Fluid and solid mechanics, but also civil engineering,
acoustic, energy and mechanical engineering
427/05/2011 - 15th International Passive House Conference - Innsbruck
27/05/2011 - 15th International Passive House Conference - Innsbruck
1. I2M and NOBATEK presentation
Nobatek organisation
� Non-profit organisation, established in 2005
� CRT : « Technology Resources Centre » label from the Ministry of
Higher Education and Research since 2007
� Fields of activity: environmental planning and sustainable building,
technologiesof building and energy efficiency
� Two sites : Head office in Anglet and one agency in Bordeaux
� Today : 40 employees :
• Researchers, engineers and technicians
• 5 PhD students
• Constructional and civil engineering, thermal studies, sustainable
development, materials, informatics, home automation, monitoring...
� Wide partnership network:
• Bordeaux I University and particularly I2M institute
• Technological centres of TECNALIA and European network
• Competitive cluster (Xylofutur et CREAHd)
NOBATEK
ECOCAMPUS
NOBATEK
ECOCAMPUS
5
27/05/2011 - 15th International Passive House Conference - Innsbruck
Table of contents
1. I2M and NOBATEK presentation
2. French Atlantic climate and timber housing
3. Case studies and experience feedbacks
6
27/05/2011 - 15th International Passive House Conference - Innsbruck
2. French Atlantic climate and timber housing
Demographic Context
7
Demographic context
� In 2008 : 3,2 millions of inhabitants
� + 1% per year in ten years
� By 2030 : 390 000 new households
Social housing context
� In 2008 : a lack of 29 000 moderate-
rent houses
� In 2009 : 10% of houses are
moderate-rent against a national
objective of 20%
� By 2030?
New moderate-rent houses
27/05/2011 - 15th International Passive House Conference - Innsbruck 8
2. French Atlantic climate and timber housing
Climate context
Innsbruck, Austria Strasbourg, France
Bordeaux , France
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
CD
D (°C
)
Cooling Degree Days - Base Temperature 26°C
Innsbruck, Austria
Strasbourg, France
Bordeaux , France
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
HD
D (°C
)
Heating Degree Days - Base Temperature 18°C
Climate context
� Summer
temperature reaches
easily 36°C
� Summer relative
humidity fluctuates
between 40 and 90%
in one day
Hot and humid
27/05/2011 - 15th International Passive House Conference - Innsbruck
2. French Atlantic climate and timber housing
Thermal and comfort context
� French thermal regulation (RT2005) : maximum operative temperature
� Many Aquitaine projects : low energy buildings adapted to Atlantic region in term
of winter and summer comfort
9
Many advantages
� Rapidity
� Low cost
� Clean construction site
� Energy savings
� Local resource (maritime
pine -> cultivated forest)
But one drawback : Low thermal inertia
Timber housing as a solution
Energy savings and thermal comfort...
What are the solutions?
27/05/2011 - 15th International Passive House Conference - Innsbruck
Contents
1. I2M and NOBATEK presentation
2. French Atlantic climate and timber housing
3. Case studies and experience feedbacks
10
27/05/2011 - 15th International Passive House Conference - Innsbruck
3. Case studies and experience feedbacks
Napevomo
Research project
NapevomoStudy, design, construction and monitoring during operation phase
of an energy-plus-house for the international competition :
Solar Decathlon Europe 2010
11
27/05/2011 - 15th International Passive House Conference - Innsbruck
3. Case studies and experience feedbacks
Napevomo : Architectural solutions
12
Sun protections and inertia
Natural ventilation
27/05/2011 - 15th International Passive House Conference - Innsbruck
3. Case studies and experience feedbacks
Napevomo : Free-cooling system
13
Latent heat thermal energy storage system using paraffin
Day functioning Night functioning
Tint>Tm
Tout<Tm
27/05/2011 - 15th International Passive House Conference - Innsbruck
3. Case studies and experience feedbacks
Napevomo : Results
14
Currently
� Moved to Bordeaux
� Complete monitoring and PhD thesis on LHTES system
In Madrid during SDE 2010
� Climate : High temperature
� 2d prize for comfort conditions
� Low energy consumption during the competition
10
15
20
25
30
35
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
0:00 2:30 5:00 7:30 10:00 12:30 15:00 17:30 20:00 22:30
Temperature (°C)Power (W)
Time (h)
Power demand
Power output
Interior Temperature
Exterior Temperature
27°C
27/05/2011 - 15th International Passive House Conference - Innsbruck
3. Case studies and experience feedbacks
MPPMF
Research project
Low Consumption Housing in Maritime Pine
(MPPMF)Study, design, construction and monitoring during operation phase
of 2 low consumption wood frame buildings essentially made by
maritime pine.
15
27/05/2011 - 15th International Passive House Conference - Innsbruck
Conception and construction of two adjoined houses
within a district of 41 houses in Aquitaine.
3. Case studies and experience feedbacks
MPPMF : Presentation
16
Architect : D. Gorse
Contractor : Gironde Habitat
27/05/2011 - 15th International Passive House Conference - Innsbruck
3. Case studies and experience feedbacks
MPPMF : Objectives
Main objectives
� Energy savings and thermal comfort (winter/summer)
� Adaptation to the Aquitaine climate
� Optimal use of maritime pine wood for the structure and the envelop
� Development of local business network
� Cost control for social housing
Thermal performance objectives
� Heat needs < 15 kWh/(m².year)
� Summer temperature < 28 °C
� Thermal discomfort < 8 %
Thermal discomfort have been defined as the percentage of
time when temperatures should not comply with
adaptive comfort conditions [Brager 2005]17
27/05/2011 - 15th International Passive House Conference - Innsbruck
3. Case studies and experience feedbacks
MPPMF : Two houses
18
Massive
houseLight
house
Massive house
� Massive wood
� Natural ventilation
optimised
Light house
� 100% wood framing
� Ground-coupled
heat exchanger
27/05/2011 - 15th International Passive House Conference - Innsbruck
3. Case studies and experience feedbacks
MPPMF : Architectural solutions
19
Architect : C. Maintrot
27/05/2011 - 15th International Passive House Conference - Innsbruck
3. Case studies and experience feedbacks
MPPMF : Ground-coupled heat exchanger
20
By-pass
OpenBy-pass
Open
Outside fresh
air inletGround fresh
air inlet
Air extractor
Ground fresh
air inlet
Manhole
Mechanical
ventilation
Outside fresh
air intake
Length : 37.8m
Depth : 2.5m
T>25°C
Manual
Heat exchanger
Top view :
27/05/2011 - 15th International Passive House Conference - Innsbruck
3. Case studies and experience feedbacks
MPPMF : Results
21
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
>25°C >26°C >27°C >28°C >29°C
Hours
(h)
Air température (°C)
Ground floor
First floor
Exterior
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
34
36
0:00 6:00 12:00 18:00 0:00 6:00 12:00
Temperature(°C)
Time (h)
Exterior
Ground floor
First floor
Winter Heating needs(< 15 kWh/(m².year)
6,1 kWh/(m².year)
in winter 2010/2011
Summer comfort(T< 28 °C and Thermal
discomfort < 8 %)
were performed in 2010
Summer (June 21 – September 21)
27/05/2011 - 15th International Passive House Conference - Innsbruck
3. Case studies and experience feedbacks
MPPMF : Results
22
August
Pipe Outside
Min 19,3°C 9,3°C
Max 22.8°C 36°C
Average 21°C 19,9°C
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
34
36
38
6/8 8/8 10/8 12/8 14/8 16/8 18/8 20/8 22/8 24/8 26/8 28/8 30/8
Tem
pé
ratu
re (°
C)
Ground Temperature at 0,5m deep
Outside Temperature
Pipe Temperature at 2,5m deep
In August 2010
COP cooling = 8,2
>25°C
27/05/2011 - 15th International Passive House Conference - Innsbruck
Conclusions and perspectives
Timber housing
� Rapid implementation, suitable cost and energetic
performances
� Low inertia can be compensate
� Optimisation of semi-passive system have to be followed from
the design to the use phase
Perspectives
� PhD thesis on latent heat thermal energy storage system
� Improvement of design method and software adapted to
timber housing23
Social housing
Adapted to Atlantic climate
Development of design software
27/05/2011 - 15th International Passive House Conference - Innsbruck
Thank-you for your attention
www.nobatek.com