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STRUCTURE OF MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM(MIS)

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Structure determines the shape of an entity. Different approaches may be used while describing an entity.

Ex.

A car may be perceived in a number of deferent ways:- By describing on the basis of :-

Physical characteristics of car:-shape, color, seating capacity ,doors etc.

Component systems of car :- chassis, engine etc.

Major use of car :- passenger car, sport car etc.

STRUCTURE OF MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM(MIS)

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Cont..Similarly ,

A department may be understood in terms of

Its factions:-sales department, marketing dept.

Organization structure: - vice president at its top, followed by marketing manager at the management control and sales officer at the operational control level.

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MIS STRUCTURE MIS Structure may be described on the basis of :-

Its physical components Information processing functionsDecision supportLevel of management activities Organizational functions

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Based on Physical Components

Hardware:-

hardware refers to the physical data processing equipment and peripheral device.

Software:-

is collection of program/instructions that direct the operation of the hardware.

Database:-

the database consists of all data utilized by application software. data is stored in files.

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Procedures:-

Formal operating procedures, which are required to operate a system.

Operating personnel:-

personnel like computer operators, computer programmers, System analysts ,System Manager.

Input and output:-

various input and outputs from the information system, existing in the forms like printout, report etc.

Cont..

The functions of an MIS explain What thesystem does.To process transactions:-

making a purchase or sale or manufacturinga product. it may within the organization ormay be external.To maintain master files:-

Information systems create and maintain master file in organization.

Based on Processing Functions

To produce report:- many report are produce on a regular basis which are called scheduled report. Another report is adhoc request.

To process enquiries:-IS is used to process queries.

To process Interactive Support Applications: the information system contains application designed to

support systems for planning, analysis and decision making. in which user responds to questions and request for data and receives result.

Cont..

The user of MIS provide input and receiveoutput.Output typeTransaction document or screenPreplanned reportsPreplanned inquiry responsesAdhoc report and inquiry responsesUser machine dialog result

Based on Output for User

Transaction document or screen:-

for sales invoice, payroll checks ,customer

billings.

Type:- Informational:-report confirms action will be or

has been take. Action:-request and instruction for action. Investigational:-report exceptions ,errors, or

other condition that may require investigation. used for control and future reference.

Cont..

Preplanned reports:-provides three types information.

Monitoring informationProblem Finding informationAction InformationDecision support information

Cont..

Preplanned inquiries

are generally associated with limited output and usually with respect to small number of items and results in such out put as inventory on hand of part, pay rate of employee X, or balance due from customer XYZ industries. inquiry are typically handheld online, which means the inquiry is entered and response received immediately.

Based on Output for User

• Adhoc reports and inquiry responses occur at irregular intervals and require data or analysis whose format has not been preplanned. if the data items needed are not available, a data collection procedure must be planned and implemented.

Cont..

• If the data is already stored in the information system the adhoc request may be handled in two ways :

(a) The user may be provided with a means for preparing and processing the request.

SQL QUERY

(b) Information center

Cont..

• User machine dialog differs from report or inquiries. It is essentially a way in which a user can interact with model to arrive at an analysis or a solution. User machine interaction employs a terminal such as visual display or a stand alone personal computer plus computer processing of a model such as analysis, planning or decision model.

Cont..

DIFFERENT B/W STRUCTURE OR UNSTRUCTURE DECISION

Decisions that are repetitive, routine, and have definite procedure for handling them.

Preplanned, programmable

STRUCTURE DECISION

Non routine decision in which the decision maker must provide judgment, evaluation, there is no agreed upon procedure for making such decision.

Not planned, nonprogrammable

UNSTRUCTURE DECISION

• Structure of an information system can be classified in terms of a hierarchy of management planning and control.

• Level:- Strategic planning:- Top management:- determination of

goal, policies, vision, objective of organization. Tactical planning / management control :- plant location

new product, monitoring of budget. Operational Planning and Control effective and efficient

use of existing facilities and resources to carry out activities within budget constraints.

Based on Management activity