New Threats from Overseas

Chapter 8.3

Trading Around the World

• After Revolution, trade grew.

• Opened up trade to: India, China, Japan

• Overseas trade was often dangerous– Pirates– Tributes

War with Tripoli• North African nations = Barbary States

– Pirates ruled the Mediterranean Sea– Tributes must be paid for protection

• War with Tripoli (1801-1805)– Jefferson says no to higher tributes. War is declared.– Jefferson orders blockade at the port of Tripoli– Pirates took the Philadelphia ship and hostages– Stephen Decatur, Navy officer, attacked the port– Marines marched 500 miles through Tripoli and attacked

the City of Derna– Treaty was signed. No more pirate interference.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Mediterranean_Relief.jpg

Americans, French, and English nations had to pay tribute to Barbary states for trade.

20% of American revenue went to paying tributes.

Effects of the War…

The Philadelphia, the American ship taken by Tripoli. Later it

was burned down by the U.S.

Navy.

American Neutrality is Violated

• 1803 Britain and France are at war

• Britain and France tried to stop America from trading with the other

• 100s of Amer. Ships captured

• Brit. forced Americans into impressment

The French Empire 1811

The French and English are at war

once again

Limits on Trade• A Total Ban

– Embargo Act passed 1807• No importing or exporting allowed

– “Our trade is the most powerful weapon we can use in our defense.”

– Embargo hurt Amer. more than Brit. and Fran.– Smugglers grew rampant, Navy tried to stop

them.

A political cartoon showing merchants dodging the "ograbme" = embargo spelled backwards.

• A Limited Ban– Embargo Act failed– Nonintercourse Act passed 1809

• Allowed Amer. to carry on trade with all nations except for Brit. and Fran.

• The Fourth President (1809-1817)– Thomas Jefferson served two terms and left– James Madison (Republican) won the election

King George III James Madison Napoleon Bonaparte

Early 19th Century Major World Leaders