New Ways in Teaching Reading

8/12/2019 New Ways in Teaching Reading

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Day, Richard R. (1993). New Ways in Teaching Reading. (New Ways in TESOL Series). New York

TESOL !"#$ica%ions.

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&S'N13 9*-939*91+3

/0aon $ink2

1
http://www.amazon.com/New-Ways-Teaching-Reading-Tesol/dp/0939791455/ref=pd_bxgy_b_text_bhttp://www.amazon.com/New-Ways-Teaching-Reading-Tesol/dp/0939791455/ref=pd_bxgy_b_text_b


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3oni%orin4 Te5% esi4nLe6e$s &n%er0edia%e7

/i0s Ena#$e s%"den%s %o de6e$o8 s%ra%e4ies or reco4niin4 and 8re8arin4 $a44in4co08rehension

:$ass Ti0e 0in"%es!re8ara%ion Ti0e 1; 0in"%es

Reso"rces One or %wo %e5%#ook sec%ions or 0a4aine ar%ic$es

Thinka$o"d s%ra%e4ies enco"ra4e s%"den%s %o ass"0e con%ro$ o co08rehension 0oni%orin4.'Y $earnin4 %o concen%ra%e on %he0e, or4ania%ion and si4na$ words, s%"den%s can re%race andi4"re o"% where #reakdown in %heir co08rehension occ"r.

!roced"re1. Loca%e a s"i%a#$e readin4 %e5% and #rin4 a c$ass se% %o %he $esson.

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The /r% o9 Readin4 :o08rehensionLe6e$s &n%er0edia%e7

/i0s ?e$8 s%"den%s "nders%and 6oca#"$ary in con%e5%@ enco"ra4e s%"den%s %o 0oni%or %heir

own co08rehension:$ass Ti0e 1; ho"rs

!re8ara%ion Ti0e 1; ho"rs

Reso"rces /ny a88ro8ria%e %e5% &$$"s%ra%ions ro0 ar% #ooks

This %echni>"e re>"ires %he reader %o a88$y 0eanin4 ro0 %he %e5% %o %he ac%"a$ con%en% %owhich i% reers. The correc% res8onses are 8ic%"res no% "r%her %e5%. This 0eans %ha% i% isi08ossi#$e %o choose a correc% res8onse si08$y on %he #asis o $in4"is%ics c"es. &% a$so is8ar%ic"$ar$y s%i0"$a%in4 or %hose s%"den%s who are 6is"a$$y (ra%her %han 8rin%) orien%ed in%er0s o $earnin4 s%y$e.

!roced"re1. :hoose a %e5% %ha% descri#es an ar%is%ic %radi%ion, ind i$$"s%ra%ions and 0ake readin4 >"es%ions.

;. Asin4 8ic%"res, 8re%each key 6oca#"$ary, or e5a08$e, $andsca8e scenery, #r"shs%roke, i4"re,8or%rai%, s%i$$$ie.

3. /rran4e a n"0#er o re8rod"c%ions o :hinese 8ain%in4s in rando0 order, or e5a08$e, a$on4 %hecha$k#oard $ed4e.

+. /sk hy8o%hesis >"es%ions, or e5a08$e, which 8ain%in4s do yo" %hink are o$des%B La%es%B

. Read in%rod"c%ory 8ara4ra8h %o4e%her, indin4 e5a08$es o 6oca#"$ary words in %he 8ain%in4s.

=. ?a6e s%"den%s read %he en%ire 8assa4e (see /88endi5 #e$ow).

*. /sk s%"den%s %o 0a%ch 8ic%"res wi%h %he dynas%y, s%a%in4 reasons s"88or%ed #y %he %e5%. Which o%hese 8ic%"res co"$d ha6e #een 8ain%ed #y Yen L&!enB 'y ?an CanB Why do yo" %hink soB /sks%"den% 8ain%ed #y Yen Li!enB 'y ?an CanB Why do yo" %hink soB /sk s%"den% %o iden%iydynas%y, s%y$e, and ar%is%s #ased on inor0a%ion in %he %e5%.

:a6ea%s and O8%ions1. Ase any se>"ence in an ar%is%ic %radi%ion, or e5a08$e, ro0 rench $a%e c$assica$ %o

&08ressionis%s and ear$y !os%&08ressionis%s. This can a$so #e done horion%a$$y, wi%h dieren%con%e08oraneo"s s%y$es, or e5a08$e, %o iden%iy /rican %ri#a$ or re4iona$ s%y$es.

;. :hinese s%"den%s 0ay reco4nie %he 8ain%in4s, ar%is%s and dynas%ies #"% no% know %he En4$ish6oca#"$ary. The assi4n0en% can #e re6ised or %he0 %o s%ar% wi%h %he 8ain%in4s, and %hen inda88ro8ria%e descri8%i6e $an4"a4e in %he %e5%.

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/88endi5 Sa08$e E5cer8%The Tan4 dynas%y (=1-9= /.D.) saw %he rise o %he 4rea% ar% o :hinese $andsca8e 8ain%in4

F"%%in4 8eaks, reachin4 in%o %he sky, were care"$$y de%ai$ed wi%h %rees, rocks, and s%rea0s in#ri$$ian% 4reens and #$"e. Gir%"a$$y no%hin4 now re0ains o %he work o s"ch a0o"s 0as%ers o%his 8eriod as Yen Li!en. W" Tao%". T"n4 Y"an, and Wan4 Wei. D"rin4 %his sa0e 8eriod, i4"re

8ain%in4, es8ecia$$y o his%orica$ and co"r%$y scenes, reached a 8eak o e5ce$$ence. !eo8$e were8or%rayed wi%h s%ren4%h and 0a4niicence "ne>"a$ed in $a%er :hinese 8ain%in4. /ni0a$s were a$sore>"en% s"#Hec%s d"rin4 %his %i0e. ?an Can, %he -%h cen%"ry ar%is% is 8ar%ic"$ar$y a0o"s or his8ain%in4s o horses. /$%ho"4h s%y$ied 0ade wi%h on$y a ew #r"shs%rokes, %heir si08$e s%ron4 $inesha6e 4rea% ener4y.

Shar8$y di0inishes in sca$e, %he h"0an i4"re did no% in%r"de "8on %he 0a4niicence o na%"re.

Ien '"ddhis%sJ 8ain%in4s were o%en s8arked #y an in%"i%i6e 6ision wi%h ra8id #r"shs%rokes and inks8$ashes, %hey crea%ed works o 6i4or and s8on%anei%y.

any $andsca8es o %his 8eriod are 0is%y and drea0$ike@ %hey see0 c$a0 e6en sad, or cons%an%$yshi%in4 and chan4in4.

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S%e88in4s%ones %o Readin4 &ns%r"c%ionLe6e$s in%er0edia%e7, Secondary ESL

/i0s Enco"ra4e and de6e$o8 correc% inerences in readin4

:$ass Ti0e 1 0in. 7Reso"rces /ny readin4 %e5%@ !re8ara%ion Ti0e None

S%"den%s, es8ecia$$y %hose who are "nacc"s%o0ed %o in%erac%i6e c$assroo0, are o%en re$"c%an%%o res8ond %o inerence >"es%ions d"rin4 c$ass disc"ssion, ei%her #eca"se %hey $ack conidenceand do no% wan% %o risk e0#arrass0en%, or #eca"se %hey are "ns"re o %he answer and re>"ireaddi%iona$ inor0a%ion in order sha8e %heir rea$ia%ion o a conce8% or idea. Teachers canenco"ra4e and aci$i%a%e res8onses in #o%h ins%ances #y oerin4 s%"den%s hin%s and choices.These ser6e as s%e88in4s%ones %ha% ena#$e s%"den%s %o ad6ance %owards a correc% inerence.

!roced"re1. oc"s on a s0a$$ 8or%ion o %e5%. This e5a08$e "ses an e5cer8% ro0 Lewis :arro$$Js 8oe0

KJFa##erwockyJJ

'eware %he Fa##erwock, 0y son

The Haws %ha% #i%e, %he c$aws %ha% ca%ch

;. !ose %he co08rehensioninerence >"es%ion, or e5a08$e, Wha% is a Fa##erwockB (The desira#$eanswer is any%hin4 $ike KJa ierce dan4ero"s ani0a$.JJ)

3. & s%"den%s do no% res8ond, 4i6e a hin% or a choice. O%en, one s"ch s%e88in4s%one wi$$ #es"icien%, #"% yo" can 8"% as 0any s%e88in4s%ones as necessary %o he$8 s%"den%s co0e "8 wi%h

%he ri4h% answer and 6oca#"$ary.?in%s inc$"de %he "se o $eadin4 >"es%ions, s%a%e0en%s, and non6er#a$ c"es %ha% can 0o6e aheado s%"den% de6e$o80en% %o he$8 sha8e a correc% inerence. Non6er#a$ c"es, s"ch as 4es%"res,acia$ e58ressions, and so"nds can a$so o%en e58edi%e a rea$ia%ion. E5a08$es

Leadin4 >"es%ion Wo"$d yo" $ike %o ha6e one in yo"r ho"seB Do 8eo8$e ha6e c$awsB

S%a%e0en% &%Js so0e kind o ani0a$.

Non6er#a$ hin% c$aw %he air %hrea%enin4$y, 0ake a ierce ace roar

+. Es8ecia$$y reco00ended are $eadin4 >"es%ions wi%h o#6io"s ne4a%i6e answers, s"ch as Wo"$d

yo" $ike %o ha6e one in yo"r ho"seB Which e6oke $a"4h%er and co0ic 8ro%es%. Non6er#a$ hin%sa$so %end %o e6oke $a"4h%er and $ower aec%i6e #arriers.

:hoices in6o$6e %he 8resen%a%ion o 8ossi#$e answers, "s"a$$y in 8airs. / choice 0ay inc$"de (a)one 6ery $ike$y 8ossi#$e choice and one 6ery "n$ike$y choice (#) %wo "n$ike$y choices@ (c) %wo$ike$y choices@

a. &s i% riend$y or "nriend$yB / 4ood %hin4 or a dan4ero"s %hin4B

#. &s i% a 0o"se or a #"%%er$yB

c. &s i% an ani0a$ or a de0onB

Es8ecia$$y reco00ended is choice %y8e a. "n$ike$y choice, when 8aired wi%h a $ike$y choice, is

"s"a$$y o#6io"s$y %o %he s%"den%s and e6okes $a"4h%er or s0i$es o reHec%ion. This 4i6es s%"den%s achance %o 0ake a 6ery sae choice, and 4e% credi% or 0o6in4 a$on4 %he 8a%h %o %he ri4h% answer.

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/88endi5.MFa##erwocky is a a0o"s 8oe0 o nonsense 6erse, wi%h 0ade"8 words (nonce words,neo$o4is0s, nonsense words) #y Lewis :arro$$.

Twas #ri$$i4, and %he s$i%hy %o6es

Did 4yre and 4i0#$e in %he wa#e@

/$$ 0i0sy were %he #oro4o6es,/nd %he 0o0e ra%hs o"%4ra#e.

P'eware %he Fa##erwock, 0y son

The Haws %ha% #i%e, %he c$aws %ha% ca%ch

'eware %he F"#H"# #ird, and sh"n

The r"0io"s 'andersna%chP

?e %ook his 6or8a$ sword in hand

Lon4 %i0e %he 0an5o0e oe he so"4h%Q

So res%ed he #y %he T"0%"0 %ree,

/nd s%ood awhi$e in %ho"4h%.

/nd as in "ish %ho"4h% he s%ood,

The Fa##erwock, wi%h eyes o $a0e,

:a0e whi$in4 %hro"4h %he %"$4ey wood,

/nd #"r#$ed as i% ca0e

One, %wo One, %wo and %hro"4h and %hro"4h

The 6or8a$ #$ade wen% snickersnack?e $e% i% dead, and wi%h i%s head

?e wen% 4a$"08hin4 #ack.

P/nd has% %ho" s$ain %he Fa##erwockB

:o0e %o 0y ar0s, 0y #ea0ish #oy

O ra#Ho"s day :a$$ooh :a$$ayP

?e chor%$ed in his Hoy.

Twas #ri$$i4, and %he s$i%hy %o6es

Did 4yre and 4i0#$e in %he wa#e@/$$ 0i0sy were %he #oro4o6es,

/nd %he 0o0e ra%hs o"%4ra#e.

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7/29

3ain &deasDo&%Yo"rse$ a%eria$s

Le6e$s Lower in%er0edia%e7

/i0s !rac%ice readin4 a"%hen%ic %e5%s:$ass Ti0e ; 0in"%es

!re8ara%ion Ti0e 3 0in"%es

Reso"rces 'roch"res ro0 s"8er0arke%s, de8ar%0en% s%ores, 4o6ern0en% a4encies, 8o$i%ica$4ro"8s

S%"den%s need %o #e a#$e %o 0ake sense o 8"#$ic inor0a%ion reso"rces inde8enden%$y. Thisac%i6i%y "ses #roch"res on any n"0#er o %o8ics %ha% 0i4h% #e o in%eres% or "se %o %he0.

!roced"re1. Loca%e s"i%a#$e #roch"res. & yo"r c$ass is in%eres%ed in c"rren% e6en%s yo" 0i4h% "se an

inor0a%iona$ 8a08h$e% ro0 a 4ro"8 s"ch as /0nes%y &n%erna%iona$. /$%erna%i6e$y, yo" canind inor0a%iona$ 8a08h$e%s a#o"% ood a% %he s"8er0arke% or %hose re$a%in4 %o hea$%hiss"es %hro"4h doc%orsJ oices or 8"#$ic a4encies.

;. os% #roch"res o$$ow a >"es%ionandanswer or0a% (e.4., wha% is /0nes%y &n%erna%iona$B)or 0ake e5%ensi6e "se o head$ines and s"#%i%$es ro0 %he 8ara4ra8hs %hey 0a%ch.

3. Think "8 a 8re6iew >"es%ion, 4e%%in4 %he s%"den%s %o oc"s on %he %o8ic (Wha% do yo" knowa#o"% B Wha% wo"$d yo" $ike %o known #eore yo" Hoined i%B).


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Wha%Js in %he NewsBLe6e$s &n%er0edia%e7

/i0s !rac%ice readin4 a"%hen%ic %e5%s ro0 news8a8ers

:$ass Ti0e 0in"%es

!re8ara%ion Ti0e ; 0in"%esReso"rces Shor% ar%ic$es ro0 En4$ish$an4"a4e news8a8ers

Reco4niin4 %he 0ain idea and %he0es in news8a8er ar%ic$es he$8s readers 8rocess re%aininor0a%ion on c"rren% e6en%s. Readin4 a"%hen%ic ar%ic$es a$so 4i6es $earners a88ro8ria%e#ack4ro"nd know$ed4e or re$a%ed c$ass 8roHec%s.

!roced"re1. /sk each s%"den% %o #rin4 an ar%ic$e ro0 an En4$ish $an4"a4e news8a8er on a co00on %o8ic (e.4.

cri0e, 8o$$"%ion, acciden%s).

;. &n c$ass, 8"% s%"den%s in 4ro"8s o %hree or o"r and ha6e %he0 re%e$$ %heir inor0a%ion,c$assiyin4 i% in%o s8eciic ca%e4ories (e.4. ho0icide, ro##ery, assa"$%).

3. Ne5%, ha6e s%"den%s wa$k aro"nd %he roo0 and ind o"% who e$se has ar%ic$es %ha% 0a%ch %heirown ca%e4ories.

+. /%er 4ro"8s wi%h si0i$ar ca%e4ories are or0ed, direc% a who$ec$ass disc"ssion %o 0ake a $is% oa$$ %he ca%e4ories on %he #oard. S%"den%s can con%ri#"%e addi%iona$ inor0a%ion ro0 %heir owne58eriences.

. !os%readin4 ac%i6i%ies re>"irin4 wri%in4 can #e assi4ned, s"ch as s"00aries, $e%%ers %o4o6ern0en% oicia$s oerin4 s"44es%ions %o dea$ wi%h 8ro#$e0s, and res8onses in Ho"rna$s.

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!iecin4 To4e%her &deasLe6e$s &n%er0edia%e7

/i0s !rac%ice readin4 or 0ain ideas

:$ass Ti0e ;3 0in"%es

!re8ara%ion Ti0e No se% %i0eReso"rces /ny readin4 0a%eria$@ !a8er@ ?a%

akin4 dis%inc%ions #e%ween 4enera$ ideas and s"88or%in4 de%ai$s is an i08or%an% 8ar% oreadin4 co08rehension. S%ri8 s%ories are an enHoya#$e way or s%"den%s %o see %he re$a%ionshi8#e%ween %he #i44er and s0a$$er 8ieces o a %e5%.

!roced"re1. Se$ec% a88ro8ria%e readin4 0a%eria$ or %he c$ass.

;. Se$ec% sen%ences or 8ara8hrase 8or%ions o %he readin4 8assa4e and wri%e %he0 on s%ri8s o 8a8er.!re8are a se% o corres8ondin4 s%ri8s %ha% say ei%her M0ain idea or Ms"88or%in4 de%ai$. The %wose%s o s%ri8s 0"s% corres8ond e5ac%$y. The %o%a$ n"0#er o s%ri8s sho"$d e>"a$ %he n"0#er os%"den%s in %he c$ass.

3. /s %he s%"den%s read %he 0a%eria$, de6o%e c$ass %i0e %o enhancin4 co08rehension "n%i$ %he0a%eria$ is we$$ "nders%ood.

+. ?a6e s%"den%s

Draw a s%ri8 ro0 a ha%.

Work %o4e%her %o 0a%ch %he s%ri8s wi%h %he >"o%a%ions %o %he s%ri8s wi%h %he$a#e$s.

S%and in a $ine (wi%h a s%ri8) in %he order %ha% %he sen%ences a88eared in %hereadin4 8assa4e.

Read o"% $o"d, in se>"ence, wha% is wri%%en on %he indi6id"a$ s%ri8B

:a6ea%s and O8%ions1. or a $ar4e c$ass, "se %wo se%s o s%ri8s and ha6e %wo 4ro"8s or0 %wo dieren% $ines

si0"$%aneo"s$y.

;. ake %he ac%i6i%y 0ore diic"$% #y re>"irin4 any readin4 0a%eria$ %o #e 8"% away #eore %he

s%ri8s are drawn ro0 %he ha% so s%"den%s 0ay no% reer %o i% d"rin4 %he e5ercise.3. &% is i08or%an% %o ha6e co6ered %he 0a%eria$ we$$ #eore a%%e08%in4 %his ac%i6i%y, #"% i% is a nice

way %o conc$"de work on a readin4 8assa4e.

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10/29

A8 /4ains% %he Wa$$Le6e$s /ny

/i0s !rac%ice readin4 or 0ain ideas

:$ass %i0e Garies, de8endin4 on $en4%h o readin4 8assa4e

!re8ara%ion Ti0e 0in"%esReso"rces S"i%a#$e readin4 8assa4e

&n addi%ion %o he$8in4 s%"den%s "nders%and %he 0ain ideas o readin4, %his ac%i6i%y 4enera%es a4rea% dea$ o e5ci%e0en% and en%h"sias0 as s%"den%s 4e% away ro0 %heir desks and 0o6earo"nd %he roo0 searchin4 or answers %o %heir >"es%ions.

!roced"re1. ake "8 one >"es%ion or each 0ain idea o %he readin4 8assa4e. or #e4innin4 c$asses, %hese can

#e %r"ea$se, c$oe wi%h a choice, or 0"$%i8$e choice. or 0ore $"en% readers, %he >"es%ions can#e o8en ended (e.4. wha%, where, and so on). D"8$ica%e %he >"es%ions can #e o8en e6ery %wos%"den%s in %he c$ass wi$$ ha6e one >"es%ion.

;. :"% %he 8assa4e in%o sec%ions accordin4 %o i%s 8ara4ra8hs, as%en %he 8ara4ra8h can #e readeasi$y #y se6era$ 8eo8$e a% %he sa0e %i0e.

3. !$ace %he s%"den%s in 8airs, and 4i6e each 8air on >"es%ion. (De8endin4 on %he sie o %he c$ass,any n"0#er o 8airs wi$$ ha6e %he sa0e >"es%ion.) &ns%r"c% %he s%"den%s %o read 8ara4ra8hs on%he wa$$s o %he c$assroo0 "n%i$ %he ind %he answer %o %heir >"es%ion.

+. When %hey ha6e re%"rned %o %heir sea%s, dis%ri#"%e co8ies o %he co08$e%e readin4 8assa4e and 4oo6er %he answers. Yo" 0i4h% a$so wan% %o 8ass o"% co8ies o a$$ o %he >"es%ions, 0akin4 i% easier

or e6eryone %o "nders%and o%her 4ro"8sJ >"es%ions.

:a6ea%s and O8%ions1. or 0ore 8roicien% readers, "se >"es%ions %ha% re>"ire s%"den%s %o 0ake inerences.

;. /4ain, wi%h 0ore 8roicien% readers, ask a >"es%ion %ha% canno% #e answered #y readin4 %he8assa4e.

3. To enco"ra4e 0ore 4ro"8 work, ha6e 8airs wi%h %he sa0e >"es%ion disc"ss %heir answers #eoreS%e8 + a#o6e.

+. Ase %he ac%i6i%y as a 8rereadin4 %ask.

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12/29

/88endi5 Sa08$e Readin4 !assa4e

The 'each


13/29

:hoosin4 a i99eren% Ti%$eLe6e$s hi4h #e4innin47

/i0s


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Or4ani1a%ion and S%r"c%"reLe6e$s in%er0edia%e

/i0s !rac%ice readin4 news8a8er ar%ic$es %o recons%r"c% a s%ory.

:$ass %i0e NO se% %i0e

!re8ara%ion Ti0e ; 0in"%esReso"rces News8a8er ar%ic$es a#o"% an e6en%, a cri0ina$ ac%ion, a ce$e#ra%ion, or any ac%i6i%ycon%ainin4 8ar% o a s%ory.

News8a8er ar%ic$es, es8ecia$$y %hose re$a%ed %o cri0ina$ or 8o$ice ac%ions, oer s%"den%s a6arie%y o %o8ics, s%y$es, and $e6e$s o diic"$%y. The inor0a%ion %hey con%ain "s"a$$y inc$"dese$e0en%s re$a%ed %o %i0e, 8$ace, and ac%ion. Learners 0"s% no% on$y "nders%and %he inor0a%ion#"% #e a#$e %o recons%r"c% i% chrono$o4ica$$y #eca"se Ho"rna$is%s 8resen% %he c"rren% s%a%e oaairs in %he o8enin4 8ara4ra8h and %hen 8roceed %o narra%e %he e6en% %ha% $ed %o i%.

!roced"re1. Se$ec% ar%ic$es a ew 8ara4ra8hs in $en4%h, Lon4 ar%ic$es can #e shor% ended, #"% %hey sho"$d

con%ain eno"4h inor0a%ion %o 0ake %he s%ory coheren%.

;.


15/29

No%e, Or4ani1e, S"00ari1eLe6e$s /d6anced@ 8reacacde0ic

/i0s enco"ra4e ac%i6e readin4 and se$0oni%orin4 o co08rehension

:$ass Ti0e Two %o %hree c$ass 8eriods

!re8ara%ion Ti0e + 0in"%es 1 ho"r 8er 8assa4eReso"rces acade0ic %e5%#ooks%y$e 8assa4es o 0ore %han %wo 8a4es.

S%"den%s 0ay need he$8 $earnin4 %o a88$y readin4 ski$$s %o s%"dy %echni>"es when 8re8arin4or disc"ssions, %ea%s, and re8or% wri%in4. They can i08ro6e %heir co08rehension i %hey $earn%o see how ideas are connec%ed in an en%ire 8iece o wri%in4.

!roced"re1. ?a6e %he s%"den%s ski0 an assi4ned 8assa4e %o 4e% a 4enera$ idea, %he con%en% and o6era$$

or4ania%ion. /sk %he0 %o disc"ss %he ar%ic$e #rie$y as a 4ro"8, %hen assess how we$$ %hey ha6e"nders%ood %he who$e 8assa4e.

;. &ns%r"c% %he s%"den%s %o 0ake no%es in %he 0ar4ins a#o"% i08or%an% ideas wi%hin and across8ara4ra8hs. Yo" 0i4h% 0ode$ %his s%e8 wi%h a %rans8arency o %he readin4 and an e5a08$e oyo"r own no%es or %he irs% 8ara4ra8h and %hen show %he0 yo"r 0ode$ or e$ici% %heirs"44es%ions.

3. ?a6e s%"den%s work on %heir own, 0akin4 #rie 0ar4ina$ no%es on %heir own words o ideas ro0each 8ara4ra8h. S8ecia$ care sho"$d #e %aken %o reco4nie re$a%ionshi8 a0on4 ideas e5%endin4across 8ara4ra8hs.

+. Di6ide s%"den%s in%o 8airs or s0a$$ 4ro"8s. ?a6e %he0 co08are %he 0ar4ina$ no%es. /%er %hey

ha6e 0ade 4ood headway, hand o"% #$ank %rans8arencies %o each 4ro"8 and ha6e %he0 o"%$ine%he 8assa4e or 8ar% o %he 8assa4e on %he %rans8arency.

. Show o"%$ines ro0 %wo or 0ore 4ro"8s, si0"$%aneo"s$y i 8ossi#$e. ?a6e s%"den%s co08aresi0i$ari%ies and dierences wi%h %heir own 4ro"8 o"%$ines. Enco"ra4e >"es%ions a#o"% whycer%ain 8oin%s were or were no% inc$"ded in %he o"%$ines. /%er disc"ssin4 %he o"%$ines ha6es%"den%s assess how %heir co08rehension chan4ed ro0 %he irs%, c"rsory readin4 %o %he secondreadin4 d"rin4 which %hey %ook %heir 0ar4ina$ no%es.

:a6ea%s and O8%ions1. Asin4 a s%"den%4enera%ed o"%$ine, ha6e %he s%"den%s s"00arie %he ar%ic$e ora$$y or in wri%in4.

/sk %he s%"den%s no% %o $ook a% %he ori4ina$ whi$e %hey are s"00ariin4. These s"00aries can #e"sed %o %es% co08rehension.

;. /s s%"den%s #eco0e "sed %o %his 8roced"re, %hey can #e4in wri%in4 and co08arin4 %heir owno"%$ines, ins%ead o no%es, wi%h %hose o %heir c$ass0a%es.

3. Se0an%ic 0a8s or o%her re8resen%a%ions o or4ania%iona$ s%r"c%"re 0ay #e s"#s%i%"%ed oro"%$ines.

+. This series o readin4 ac%i6i%ies sho"$d #e 8rac%iced se6era$ %i0es %hro"4ho"% a %er0 so %ha% %hes%"den%s #e4in %o ac>"ire inde8enden%$y no%e%akin4 s%ra%e4ies.

. & s%"den%s are no% a0i$iar wi%h o"%$inin4 or 0a88in4 %echni>"es %eachers 0ay ha6e s%"den%s%ake 0ar4ina$ no%es %o i$$ in 8ar%ia$$y co08$e%ed o"%$ines or %o8ic 0a8s.


16/29

Fi4saw Readin4Le6e$s 'e4innin4 and in%er0edia%e

/i0s ?e$8 s%"den%s work coo8era%i6e$y %o i4"re o"% %he orderin4 o 8ara4ra8hs in %he readin4

8assa4e.:$ass %i0e No se% %i0e

!re8ara%ion Ti0e ;3 0in"%es

Reso"rces Readin4 8assa4e wi%h a% $eas% o"r 8ara4ra8hs

This ac%i6i%y has #een aro"nd or a $on4 %i0e and %akes 6ario"s or0s. Re4ard$ess o %he %y8e oHi4saw readin4, %he ac%i6i%y is enHoya#$e and he$8s s%"den%s %o conce8%"a$ie %he readin48assa4e #y $ookin4 a% a s0a$$ 8ar% and %hen i%%in4 %he indi6id"a$ 8ieces %o4e%her. &% words we$$as 8rereadin4 ac%i6i%y.

!roced"re1. Di6ide %he readin4 8assa4e #y 8ara4ra8h and 0ake co8ies or s%"den%s.

;. /rran4e %he c$ass in%o 4ro"8s accordin4 %o %he n"0#er o 8ara4ra8hs in %he readin4 8assa4e.

3.


17/29

Readin4 Ra%e ( !"08 &% A8Le6e$s &n%er0edia%e7

/i0s &ncrease readin4 ra%e

:$ass Ti0e 1 0in"%es!re8ara%ion Ti0e 10in"%es

Reso"rces Wha%e6er %e5% s%"den%s are "sin4

Ra8id readin4 %echni>"es 8re8are s%"den%s %o read $"en%$y #y 4e%%in4 %he0 away ro0 readin4word#yword. One ad6an%a4e o %his readin4 ra%e ac%i6i%y is %ha% en%ire c$ass can #e readin4%he sa0e %e5% or indi6id"a$ readers 0ay #e readin4 0a%eria$ %ha% has #een se$se$ec%ed.

!roced"re1.


18/29

Re8ea%ed Readin4Le6e$s &n%er0edia%e7

/i0s &ncrease readin4 ra%e and co08arison o second $an4"a4e readers

:$ass Ti0e 1 0in"%es

Reso"rces Wha%e6er %e5% s%"den%s are "sin4

Readers #"i$d readin4 $"ency and $earn %o 8ro4ress %e5% 0ore eicien%$y when %hey reread.Sa0"e$s (19*9) s%a%es %ha% %he re8ea%ed readin4 %echni>"e e0er4ed $ar4e$y ro0 %he %eachin4i08$ica%ions o %he %heory o a"%o0a%ic inor0a%ion 8rocessin4 in readin4. /ccordin4 %oa"%o0a%ici%y %heory, a $"en% reader decodes %e5% a"%o0a%ica$$y%ha% is, wi%ho"% a%%en%ion a%h"s $ea6in4 a%%en%ion ree %o #e "sed or co08rehension...One i08or%an% "nc%ion o re8ea%edreadin4 is %ha% i% 8ro6ides %he 8rac%ice needed %o #eco0e a"%o0a%icJJ (8.+=).

!roced"re1. Se$ec% a 8assa4e ro0 %he %e5% assi4ned or %he c$ass wi%h co08rehension >"es%ions a$ready

8re8ared. !re8are >"es%ions or s8ecia$ readin4 0a%eria$s "sed in c$ass.

;. ?a6e s%"den%s reread a shor% 8assa4e o6er and o6er "n%i$ %hey achie6e cri%erion $e6e$s oreadin4 ra%e and co08rehension. The cri%erion $e6e$s 0ay 6ary ro0 c$ass %o c$ass ors%"den% %o s%"den%.


19/29

e6e$o8in4 3e%a$in4"is%ic Readin4 Ski$$sLe6e$s Low in%er0edia%e

/i0s !rac%ice eye %ra6e$$in4 a$on4 %he #o"ndaries o s"#Hec%, 6er#, and o#Hec% o sen%ences,reco4niin4 and re$a%in4 %heir 0eanin4s.

:$ass Ti0e ;3 0in"%es!re8ara%ion Ti0e 11 0in"%es

Reso"rces / 8ara4ra8h or %wo ro0 news8a8ers, 0a4aines, or %e5%s.

ew L; s%"den%s ha6e #een %rained %o "%i$ie readin4 s%ra%e4ies %ha% are re>"en%$y "sed #yna%i6e s8eakers. These %wo ac%i6i%ies are eec%i6e in de6e$o8in4 co08rehension and s8eed inreadin4.

!roced"re1. ?a6e s%"den% 8airs $oca%e %he 0ain 6er# or 6er# 8hrase, s"#Hec%, and o#Hec% o each sen%ence in

%he 8ara4ra8h and "nder$ine %he0.

;. Take %"rns 8rac%icin4 eye %ra6e$$in4 #y readin4 a$%erna%in4 sen%ences in %he 8ara4ra8h a$o"d,8a"sin4 a% %he end o %he iden%iied s"#Hec%, 6er#, and o#Hec% c$"s%ers.

3. /sk each 8air %o read %he 8assa4e si$en%$y or co08rehension and %o decide %ha% %he 0ain idea o%he 8ara4ra8h is.

+. /sk %he 8airs %o disc"ss, check %heir co08rehension, and 8re8are %o answer yo"r >"es%ions.

:a6ea%s and O8%ions?a6e s"#se>"en% 8ara4ra8hs inc$"de sen%ences %ha% are $on4er and 0ore co08$ica%ed.

19


20/29

S8eed readin4Le6e$s /ny

/i0s &ncrease readin4 s8eed

Ski$$ Scannin4:$ass Ti0e 1; 0in"%es

!re8ara%ion Ti0e 0in"%es (i %he s%"den%sJ %e5% inc$"des co08rehension >"es%ions and %he%eacherJs 0an"a$ inc$"des an answer key)

Reso"rces :$ass se% o a 8re6io"s$y "nread %e5% One answer key or e6ery se6era$ $earners

any $earners, es8ecia$$y %hose who ha6e s%"died En4$ish %hro"4h 4ra00ar%rans$a%ion, readar %oo s$ow$y %o 8rocess 0eanin4. /$so, 0any s%"den%s donJ% consider %he 8"r8ose o %heirreadin4 and, as a res"$%, o%en donJ% "nders%and 0"ch o wha% %hey read. This ac%i6i%y increases%heir awareness #y ha6in4 %he0 oc"s on %he >"es%ions %o #e answered #eore %hey read. &% a$so

#"i$ds s8eed #y %eachin4 s%"den%s %o scan or 8ar%ic"$ar inor0a%ion.

!roced"re1. ?a6e $earners %"rn %he readin4 8assa4e ace down on %heir desks.

;. Te$$ %he0 %ha% %his is a s8eed readin4 ac%i6i%y and %ha% yo" wi$$ ask each >"es%ion %wice %o 0akes"re e6eryone "nders%ands. When yo" %e$$ %he0 %o s%ar%, %hey sho"$d %"rn o6er %he %e5% and $ookor %he answer as >"ick$y as 8ossi#$e. When %hey ind i%, %hey sho"$d ca$$ o"% %he answer.

3. Do %he irs% %wo or %hree >"es%ions as indica%ed in S%e8 ;. When a s%"den% answers, ha6e %ha%8erson show %he o%her %he $oca%ion o %he inor0a%ion in %he %e5%. Once %hey "nders%and %he

8roced"re, 0o6e on %o S%e8 +.+. Di6ide %he c$ass in%o 4ro"8s o o"r or i6e. &n each 4ro"8, one 8erson is %he KJ>"i0as%er.JJ Tha%

8erson 4e%s a co8y o %he answer shee%. V"i0as%ers %ake o6er yo"r ro$e ro0 S%e8 ;. They ask%he >"es%ion (%wice). Then 0e0#ers o %heir 4ro"8 co08e%e %o ind %he answers (The>"i0as%ers c$ariy wi%h yo" any >"es%ions a#o"% which %heyJre "ns"re.

:a6ea%s and O8%ions1. & s%"den%s are answerin4 a% %he sa0e %i0e, ha6e %he0 8"% an eraser or o%her o#Hec% in %he

0idd$e %he 4ro"8. &% re8resen%s a KJ4a0e show #"er.JJ Learners 0"s% %o"ch %he #"er #eore

%hey can answer. The 8ro#$e0 o who was irs% is so$6ed #eca"se %he hand on %he #"er wi$$indica%e %he as%es% 8erson.

;. Ro%a%e %he ro$e o >"i0as%er The 8erson who answers a >"es%ion correc%$y #eco0es >"i0as%eror %he nes% one.

3. & s%"den%s ha6e a diic"$% %i0e "nders%andin4 %he >"es%ions a% S%e8 ; and are "n"sed %oc$ariyin4 wha% %hey hear, ha6e e6eryone s%and. Read %he >"es%ion. Wai% "n%i$ e6eryone is sea%ed#eore s%ar%in4.

+. This ac%i6i%y works #es% wi%h $i%era$ co08rehension >"es%ions. /$%ho"4h s"ch >"es%ionsre8resen% on$y one $e6e$ o %es%in4 "nders%andin4, %hey are %he 0os% co00on %y8e in 0any%e5%#ooks. /$so #e4in wi%h >"es%ions a#o"% %he 4enera$ 0eanin4 o %he 8assa4e so s%"den%s ha6ean o6era$$ "nders%andin4 #eore oc"sin4 on s8eciics s%"den%s ha6e an o6era$$ "nders%andin4#eore oc"sin4 on s8eciics.

20


21/29

Readin4 Re$ayLe6e$s /ny

/i0s "es%ions yo" wish or %he en%ire readin4 8assa4e.

3. Di6ide %he s%"den%s in%o s0a$$ 4ro"8s. The n"0#er o s%"den%s in each 4ro"8 sho"$d e>"a$ %hen"0#er o readin4 8ar%s yo" ha6e in each se%.

+. E58$ain %he ac%i6i%y. Each 0e0#er o %he 4ro"8 recei6es a dieren% 8ar% o %he readin4. They read%ha% 8ar% as 0any %i0es as %hey can #eore %he si4na$. /% %he si4na$, %he s%"den%s 8ass %he readin48assa4e %o %he s%"den% on %heir ri4h%. This con%in"es "n%i$ each s%"den% has had an o88or%"ni%y %o

read each 8ar% o %he 8assa4e.. ?and o"% %he readin4 %o each 4ro"8. Te$$ %he s%"den%s %o s%ar% readin4 as yo" #e4in %o %i0e %he0.

The $en4%h o %i0e yo" $e% %he s%"den%s read de8ends on %heir a#i$i%y and how 0"ch yo" wan% %ooc"s on ski00in4 ski$$s and readin4 s8eed.

=. /%er %he s%"den%s ha6e inished readin4 a$$ %he 8ar%s o %he readin4 co$$ec% %he0 and 4i6e each4ro"8 one co8y o %he co08rehension >"es%ions. /s %he s%"den%s %o work as a 4ro"8 %o answer%he >"es%ions.

*.


22/29

&ncreasin4 Readin4 S8eedLe6e$s &n%er0edia%e

/i0s ?ei4h%en awareness o s%"den%sJ readin4 s8eeds and %hen increase %he0

:$ass Ti0e 3 0in"%es

Reso"rces Lesson ro0 /n /0erican Sa08$er, /0erican !a%%erns, /0erican Gis%as, or ano%hershor% 8assa4e. Readin4 s8eed char%, Ti0e record char%, Wa%ch wi%h a second hand.

&% is i08or%an% %o #e a#$e %o read 8assa4es >"ick$y %o "nders%and %he 0ain ideas. When readers8rocess a %es% %oo s$ow$y, %hey canno% a#sor# 0eanin4 "$$y and 0ay on$y #e a#$e %o 8rocessindi6id"a$ words.

!roced"re1. :hoose an easy 8assa4e 31, words $on4, de8endin4 on %he s%"den%sJ readin4 8roiciency.

;. Draw %he i4"re #e$ow on %he #$ack#oard.

in"%es Seconds

3

1 +

;

3. /sk %he s%"den%s %o s%ar% readin4. Whi$e %i0in4 %he readin4, 8in% a% %he seconds and wri%e in %hen"0#ers o %he 0in"%es. When %he s%"den%s inish readin4, %e$$ %he0 %o $ook "8 %o see %heir%i0es.

+. ?a6e s%"den%s wri%e %heir %i0es %o %he %i0e record char%, i %hey are "sin4 %e5%#ooks wi%h one, or

on a char% %ha% %hey 0ake "8 i %hey are no%. They sho"$d "se %he readin4 s8eed char% %o ind o"%how 0any words0in"%e %hey are readin4 and record %his inor0a%ion o %he %i0e record char%.(S%"den%s can a$so ca$c"$a%e readin4 s8eed #y di6idin4 %he n"0#er o words in %he 8assa4e #y %he%i0e s8eed readin4.)

:a6ea%s and O8%ionsThis %echni>"e sho"$d #e "sed o6er a 8eriod o %i0e. &% 0akes s%"den%s aware o %heir readin4s8eed and how i% is i08ro6in4. The %echni>"e is o co"rse, "sed in conH"nc%ion wi%h e5ercisesre$a%ed %o readin4 co08rehension.

22


23/29

Li%era%"re ( 3akin4 S%ories Their OwnLe6e$s &n%er0edia%e7 e$e0en%ary

/i0s !rac%ice readin4 or co08rehension@ !ro6ide dieren% ways or s%"den%s %o res8ond

:$ass Ti0e += 0in"%es!re8ara%ion Ti0e 1 0in"%es

Reso"rces E%hnic o$k%a$es, $e4ends, and rea$is%ic s%ories

When s%"den%s en4a4e in ac%i6i%ies re>"irin4 %he0 %o reread s%ories, %heir "nders%andin4 a% %he$i%era$ and in%er8re%i6e $e6e$s i08ro6e 4rea%$y. E%hnic o$k%a$es, $e4ends, and o%her s%ories 0akerereadin4 enHoya#$e.

!roced"re1. !ic%o0a8, /%er %hey read or $is%en %o a s%ory, ask s%"den%s %o

Draw a 0a8 iden%iyin4 where 0aHor scenes %ook 8$ace

Re%e$$ wha% ha88ened a% each 8$ace

:"% o"% circ$es %o draw %he e8isodes as inse% 8ic%"res

"ence

They can 4o #ack %o %he s%ory a% any 8oin% o %he 8roHec%. This ac%i6i%y works we$$ wi%had6en%"re s%ories. S%r"c%"res co6ered inc$"de se>"ences and ca"seeec%.

;. !oin%o6iew. Asin4 a %a$k show or0a%, ha6e s%"den%s %ake on %he ro$es o 4"es%s and hos%. /s%hey work %o4e%her %o 8$an or >"es%ion and answers, enco"ra4e s%"den%s %o e58ress %heiree$in4s and 6iew 8oin%s as %ho"4h %hey were %he rea$ charac%ers. This ac%i6i%y a$$ows s%"den%s %o"nders%and a s%ory ro0 an insiderJs 8oin% o 6iew. &% a$so ena#$es s%"den%s %o consider 6a$"es andin%er8re%a%ions o e6en%s as %hey consider 6ario"s 8ers8ec%i6es. Ro$e 8$ay d"rin4 %he ac%"a$8resen%a%ion %i0e is a wonder"$ o88or%"ni%y or ESL s%"den%s %o 8$an wi%h ways o s8eakin4.

3. "ra$. /sk s%"den%s %o crea%e a deini%e scene %ha% #es% re8resen% %he s%ory. &% is necessary %oe08hasie care"$ readin4 or $i#rary research i necessary %o 4e% %he de%ai$s ri4h%. The 0ain%hr"s% o 8roHec% is %o in%er8re% %he %one and 0ood o %he s%ory. S%"den%s can e58erience how %o

crea%e desira#$e eec%s "sin4 dieren% 0edia, s"ch as 8ain%, cha$k, in4er 8ain%, and %hreedi0ensiona$ 8a8er ar%. (Ase dark 8a8er as #ack4ro"nd@ a6oid whi%e.)

+. Sc"$8%"re.


24/29

!rereadin4 Goca#"$ary e6e$o80en%Le6e$s &n%er0edia%e7

/i0s in6o$6e %he s%"den%s in %he $earnin4 and %eachin4 o %he 6oca#"$ary needed %o

"nders%and an assi4ned readin4.:$ass %i0e 0in"%es

!re8ara%ion Ti0e 3 0in"%es

Reso"rces /ny s"i%a#$e readin4

The 0ore %he s%"den%s are direc%$y in6o$6ed in an ac%i6i%y, %he 0ore %hey wi$$ #enei%. Thisac%i6i%y re>"ires coo8era%ion a0on4 %he s%"den%s and ho$ds %he0 res8onsi#$e or #o%h %eachin4and $earnin4 %he 6oca#"$ary needed %o "nders%and %he readin4 8assa4e.

!roced"re1. Di6ide %he c$ass in%o s0a$$ 4ro"8s.

;. "i "sin4 %he words and deini%ions.

24


25/29

/88endi5Direc%ion wi%h yo"r 4ro"8 0e0#ers, co08$e%e %he o$$owin4 e5ercise

Yo" are res8onsi#$e or 8ara4ra8hs

1. Goca#"$ary:hoose o"r "na0i$iar 6oca#"$ary words and ind %he dic%ionary deini%ions %ha%corres8ond %o how %he words are "sed in %he sen%ences. Yo" wi$$ e58$ain %hese words %o%he c$ass.

Word Line Deini%ion

1. ( )

;. ( )

3. ( )

+. ( )

;. :o08rehension

Wri%e o"r co08rehension >"es%ions (%ha% re>"ire a shor% answer) a#o"% %heinor0a%ion 4i6en in yo"r 8ara4ra8hs.

1.

;.

3.

+.

3. S"00ary

On %he #ack o %his 8a8er, wri%e a s"00ary (#rie no%es on$y) o %he inor0a%ion o"ndin yo"r 8ara4ra8hs. Yo" wi$$ 8resen% %his %o %he c$ass.

25


26/29

:hoose Reco4ni%ionLe6e$s 'e4innin47

/i0s 8rac%ice word reco4ni%ion and discri0ina%ion ski$$s@ aci$i%a%e a"%o0a%ic decodin4 ski$$s

:$ass Ti0e ; 0in"%es!re8ara%ion Ti0e 3 0in"%es

Reso"rces a%eria$ %he c$ass has #een readin4 recen%$y

Thro"4h a $ar4e n"0#er o enco"n%ers wi%h any 4i6en word, an L1 reader de6e$o8s a"%o0a%icand eicien% decodin4 ski$$s. L; readers #eca"se %hey do no% enco"n%er words wi%h %he sa0ere>"ency as L1 readers, do no% "s"a$$y de6e$o8 s"ch ski$$s. E6en ad6anced $earners areso0e%i0es ha08ered #y a $a#orio"s decodin4 8rocess. ?owe6er, #eca"se as% and a"%o0a%icdecodin4 ski$$s are necessary or eicien% readin4, i% is i08or%an% %ha% L; readers ha6e %heo88or%"ni%y %o 8rac%ice %his ski$$ a% a$$ $e6e$s.

!roced"re1. :hoose 11 %ar4e% words, %ha% "s new words %ha% %he c$ass ha6e across recen%$y.

;. or each %ar4e% word, ind a n"0#er o dis%rac%ors (i.e. words %ha% are si0i$ar %o i%, #"% are no%iden%ica$). & %he %ar4e% word is a no"n inc$"de %he 8$"ra$@ i i% is a 6er#, inc$"de so0e in$ec%edor0s. ind o%her words %ha% 0i4h% #e con"sed wi%h %he %ar4e% word, ei%her 6is"a$$y or a"ra$$y.

3. Ty8e each %ar4e% word on a se8ara%e $ine. 'enea%h i%, %y8e %he %ar4e% words %o4e%her wi%h an"0#er o dis%rac%ors.

+. &n c$ass, dis%ri#"%e a co8y o %he e5ercise %o each s%"den% and a$so s%"den%s %o $oca%e %he %ar4e%

word in each $ine as >"ick$y as %hey can.

:a6ea%s and O8%ions1. or #e4inners, %he %ar4e% words and %he dis%rac%ors sho"$d #e deined #y n"0#ers o $e%%ers, and

on$y one %ar4e% word sho"$d #e 8"% a0on4 %he dis%rac%ors. or in%er0edia%e or ad6anced$earners, %he 8roced"re co"$d #e 0ade 8ro4ressi6e$y 0ore diic"$%. !ossi#$e ways o doin4 %hisare (a) inc$"din4 %he %ar4e% word 0ore %han once@ (#) %akin4 away any n"0#erin4 sys%e0@ (c)8"%%in4 %he dis%rac%ors on %he sa0e $e6e$ as %he ini%ia$ %ar4e% word@ and (d) "sin4 dieren% on%s(see /88endi5 #e$ow).

;. This 8roced"re "ses on$y #ona ide words o En4$ish. So0e wri%er s"44es% a 6aria%ion on %hise5ercise which is 0ore $ike a 8rooreadin4 %ask The dis%rac%ors are %he %ar4e% word wi%h so0e%y8in4 errors in%rod"ced (o0ission o $e%%er, addi%ion o $e%%er, in6ersion o $e%%er order).

3. This 8roced"re is 0os% "se"$ i yo" "se i% in conH"nc%ion wi%h %e5%#ook yo" "se in o%her c$asses.This way yo" can #"i$d "8 a #a%%er o e5ercises yo" wi$$ #e a#$e %o "se wi%h "%"re c$asses as we$$.

ro0 !ran, /. (1991). Reading comprehension, Year 1. '"r$in4%on !roiciency Series. '"r$in4%on'ooks. !a4e 3.

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S%ra%e4ies 9or :o8in4 Wi%h Goca#"$aryLe6e$s &n%er0edia%e7

/i0s De6e$o8 s%ra%e4ies or co8in4 wi%h "na0i$iar 6oca#"$ary

:$ass Ti0e No se% %i0e@ !re8ara%ion Ti0e No se% %i0e

Reso"rces /88ro8ria%e readin4 0a%eria$s@ O6erhead 8roHec%or and %rans8arencies

!roicien% readers ro"%ine$y 0ake decisions on how %o 8rocess %he new or "na0i$iar6oca#"$ary %hey enco"n%er as %hey read. Less 8roicien% readers $ack s"ch s%ra%e4ies and was%e%i0e searchin4 %hro"4h dic%ionaries or deini%ions o words %hey do no% need %o know %o"nders%and a 4i6en 8iece o readin4. This ac%i6i%y enco"ra4es %he0 %o 8rac%ice eec%i6es%ra%e4ies.

!roced"re1. Se$ec% readin4 0a%eria$s %ha% are ro"4h$y a88ro8ria%e or %he readin4 a#i$i%y $e6e$ o %he s%"den%s.;. & 8ossi#$e, 8re8are an o6erhead %rans8arency o se6era$ 8ara4ra8hs o %he 0a%eria$, & %his is no%

8ossi#$e, 8ro6ide co8ies or each s%"den%s o %he 0a%eria$s.

3. Disc"ss wi%h %he s%"den%s %he s%ra%e4ies yo" wan% %he0 %o $earn.

or e5a08$e, so0e new words 0ay #e sae$y i4nored or ski88ered #eca"se %heir0eanin4 con%ri#"%es $i%%$e %o %he 0ain idea o %he readin4 0a%eria$ & %he 8"r8ose oa readin4 is %o 4i6e an o6er6iew o a co"n%ryJs e58or%s, one 0ay read so0e%hin4 $ike,:o"n%ry E58or%s a 6arie%y o ores and 0inera$s s"ch as %in, co88er, iron, #a"5i%e, e%c.We ass"0e %ha% new word is #a"5i%e. The eicien% reader ski8s %he word #a"5i%eknowin4 ro0 %he con%e5% %ha% i% ei%her a 0e%a$ or a 0inera$, and or %he 8"r8oses o

"nders%andin4 %he readin4, %ha% is s"icien%. To in%err"8% %he readin4 and $ookin4"8 %he 0eanin4 in a dic%ionary is an ineicien% readin4 8rac%ice.

The second s%ra%e4y is %o reco4nie new words which are deined #y %he con%e5% inwhich %hey a88ear. or e5a08$e. or e5a08$e a$aysia an e58or%er o #a"5i%e onero0 which a$"0ini"0 is e5%rac%ed. The con%e5% in %his case c$ear$y deines wha%#a"5i%e is. Th"s %here is no need %o $ook "8 %he 0eanin4 o %he word.

The $as% s%ra%e4y is %o iden%iy words which are no% deined in con%e5% and %he"nders%andin4 o which is necessary or co08rehension o %he 8assa4e. or e5a08$e,'a"5i%e is a$aysiaJs sin4$e 0os% i08or%an% e58or%. &n %his case, #a"5i%e is no%deined #y con%e5%, i% is c$ear$y so0e%hin4 o i08or%ance %o a$aysiaJs econo0y, and

%hereore "nders%andin4 i% is i08or%an%. When %his kind o 6oca#"$ary isenco"n%ered, %he s%"den% wi$$ need %o ha6e reco"rse %o a dic%ionary or seekassis%ance ro0 a reso"rce 8erson. '"% #eore doin4 %his, %he s%"den% sho"$d readahead a ew $ines %o see i %he con%e5% e6en%"a$$y deines %he 0eanin4 o %he word.

+. Workin4 wi%h a %rans8arency o %he 0a%eria$ and an o6erhead 8roHec%or, iden%iy %hose wordswhich are "nknown %o a 0aHori%y o %he s%"den%s. or a ew e5a08$es, show %he s%"den%s whichwords 0ay sae$y #e i4nored, which are deined #y con%e5%, and which 0"s% #e researched or%heir 0eanin4. Shi% %o a %es%in4 0ode and ask %he s%"den%s %o iden%iy %he words %ha% a$$ in%o %he%hree ca%e4ories. Work ei%her wi%h %he c$ass as a who$e or di6ide %he c$ass in%o 4ro"8s and ha6e%he 4ro"8s 0ake %he decisions.

. & desired, 8ass o"% shor% 8assa4es (or "se a %rans8arency) %ha% con%ain a$$ %hree ca%e4ories and

%es% a#i$i%y o %he s%"den%s %o reco4nie %he0. This sho"$d #e a c"$0ina%in4 ac%i6i%y, "sed on$ya%er %he s%"den%s de0ons%ra%e %ha% %hey are doin4 we$$ a% reco4niin4 %he dieren% ca%e4ories owords.

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e6e$o8in4 Word and !hraseReco4ni%ion E5ercises

Le6e$s 'e4innin4 and in%er0edia%e

/i0s !ro6ide s%"den%s wi%h o88or%"ni%ies %o i08ro6e %heir readin4 reco4ni%ion ski$$s:$ass Ti0e No se% %i0e

Reso"rces :$ass readin4s

Recen% readin4 research has indica%ed %ha% acc"ra%e, ra8id, and a"%o0a%ic reco4ni%ion ski$$so%en dis%in4"ish ski$$ed readers ro0 $ess ski$$ed readers. "r%her0ore, 0"ch researchindica%ed %ha% KJco08rehension deici%s can a% $eas% in 8ar% #e %raced %o deiciencies wi%hin %heword reco4ni%ion 8rocessJJ (:ha#o%, Iehr, !rino !e%ros, 19-+ !.1+-). This ac%i6i%y e5ercisess%"den%sJ word and 8hrase reco4ni%ion ski$$s.

!roced"reDe6e$o80en% o Word!hrase Reco4ni%ion E5ercises

1. &n order %o de6e$o8 an e5ercise wi%h ; i%e0s, se$ec% ; key words ro0 a readin4 8assa4e %ha%s%"den%s wi$$ read, are $ike$y %o read, or wo"$d #e in%eres%ed in readin4.

;. or each key word, 4enera%e a s%rin4 o i6e words %ha% wi$$ ser6e as a reco4ni%ion e5ercise i%e0@one o %he i6e words in %he s%rin4 sho"$d #e iden%ica$ %o %he key word. The o%her words wi$$ ser6eas dis%rac%ors. or e5a08$e

Key word

thorough through thorough thought though tough

smiled smelled sweet smoked sweated smiled

3. When orderin4 %he s%rin4 o words or each key word, #e s"re %o 8$ace %he iden%ica$ word indieren% 8osi%ions (a% %he #e4innin4, in %he 0idd$e, or a% %he end o %he s%rin4).

+. When se$ec%in4 dis%rac%ors, kee8 %he o$$owin4 6aria%ions in 0ind

a) or8ho$o4ica$ 6aria%ions o %he sa0e word

prove proved proves proven prove proves

give gave gives give given giving

#) Si0i$ar $e%%er c$"s%erslook hook cook took book look

bike like mike hike bike dike

strike streak strike steak stroke spike

c) Recordered $e%%ers

meat team tame meat mate

d) Si0i$ar or%ho4ra8hic or0

thorough thorough through thought though tough

moon noon moon soon cocoon room

disturb distress dislike disturb distant distillbands bands lands hands sands fans

wheat whale where wheel wheat what

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e) Rando0 6aria%ion

babies bounds drowned babble bubble babies

sister system disaster stern sister sisters

&% is no% "nco00on or a$$ %hese 6aria%ions %o #e incor8ora%ed in%o a reco4ni%ione5ercise co08risin4 ; key words.

. /% %he #o%%o0 o %he e5ercise 8a4e, 8ro6ide s%"den%s wi%h a 0eans or kee8in4 %rack o %heir %i0eand acc"racy. or e5a08$e

Ti0e seconds

N"0#er correc% ;

=. !hrase reco4ni%ion e5ercises can #e wri%%en #y o$$owin4 %hese sa0e 4"ide$ines. 'eca"se o s8ace$i0i%a%ions on %he 8a4e, i% is ad6isa#$e %o inc$"de o"r 8hrases ra%her %han i6e a%er %he key8hrase. or e5a08$e

Key phrase

in the ball at the hall in the fall on the ball in the hall

at the bend at the beam at the bend at the bank in the band

in a jar in a jam for a job in a jar on the jar

for the prince for a price in the rice for his price for the prince

:$assroo0 !roced"resDo word8hrase reco4ni%ion e5ercises re4"$ar$y %hro"4ho"% a se0es%er or schoo$ year. /%er%he irs% in%rod"c%ory 8eriod d"rin4 which yo" (a) e58$ain %he o6era$$ i08or%ance ode6e$o8in4 eicien% readin4 ski$$s, (#) 4i6e a ra%iona$e or %hese e5ercises, and (c) e58$ain and

8rac%ice %he 8roced"rede6o%e on$y a ew 0in"%es %o %he reco4ni%ion e5ercises. S%"den%s wi$$$earn %o

S%ar% when yo" say %o #e4in (idea$$y when %he second hand o %he c$assroo0 c$ock is on%he 1;)

Look a% %he key word8hrase in %he $e%hand co$"0n

o6e eyes %o %he ri4h% as >"ick$y as 8ossi#$e %o iden%iy %he iden%ica$ word8hrase

:ross o"% %he iden%ica$ word8hrase and %hen >"ick$y 0o6e on %o %he ne5% $ine, ore5a08$e $owers $a6o"rs $owers $oa%s $oods a6o"ri%e

Look "8 %he c$ock and record e5ac% %i0e (in seconds andor 0in"%es) needed %o inish

a% %he #o%%o0 o %he 8a4e@ :orrec% answers and 0ark down %he n"0#er o 0is%akes on %he #o%%o0 o %he 8a4e.

Three reco4ni%ion e5ercises sho"$d #e done consec"%i6e$y. The irs% can #e considered a war0"8 e5ercise@ s%"den%s %hen s%ri6e %o 8roceed as%ed an 0ore acc"ra%e$y wi%h %he $as% %wo, S%ar%o"% wi%h word reco4ni%ion e5ercises and $a%er ha6e s%"den%s do 8hrase reco4ni%ion e5ercises.Wi%h #o%h %y8es o e5ercises, s%"den%s ha6e "n, i08ro6e %heir reco4ni%ion ski$$s and %heirreadin4 in 4enera$ (see S%o$$er, 19-=, or o%her 8roced"ra$ s"44es%ions).

:a6ea%s and O8%ionsReco4ni%ion e5ercises sho"$d no% #e con"sed wi%h 6oca#"$ary e58ansion e5ercises@ nor sho"$d%hey #e seen as a s"#s%i%"%e or readin4 8assa4es. They are si08$y e5ercises %ha% he$8 s%"den%sd $ d d $ h $ d $

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