Force & Motion and Newton’s Laws

Notes, Activities and Discussions

Weekly AssignmentsM- Finish Gizmo Part A (if not done in class)

T- Review Notes (Quiz Thursday)

W- Review for Quiz tomorrow

Th- Quiz Today (15 pts.)

F- No School: (Remember Math Test Mon/Tues next week)

Warm-up MondayFour balls were rolled across a wooden floor. The distances they traveled and the amount of time they rolled are listed in the chart. Rank the four balls speed with 1 being the highest average speed and 4 being the lowest average speed in the chart. Show your work.

Finish Going Over Practice Speed Problems

12. A student measures the distance traveled by several toy cars in different time periods.

Enter the numbers in the table to compare the average speed of each car, from 1 being the lowest average speed to 4 being the highest average speed. Show your work.

E- 2m / 2 sec = 1m/s

F- 8m / 4 sec = 2m/s

G- 4m / 1 sec = 4m/s

D- 0m / 2 sec = 0m/s

2341

Use the following data to answer questions 13-15.Granny gorilla is racing around the park at different speeds. Zoo keepers marked her position and time during the 10 minute race.13. Calculate her speed at each interval. Record in the chart. Show your work.

Interval Speed (m/min)

Time 0 to 1

Time 1 to 4

Time 4 to 8

Time 8 to 10

Use the following data to answer questions 13-15.Granny gorilla is racing around the park at different speeds. Zoo keepers marked her position and time during the 10 minute race.13. Calculate her speed at each interval. Record in the chart. Show your work.

Interval Speed (m/min)

Time 0 to 1

Time 1 to 4

Time 4 to 8

Time 8 to 10

Time 0 to 1: Granny went 6 m in 1 min = 6m/min

Time 1 to 4: Granny went 6 m in 3 min = 2m/min

Time 4 to 8: Granny went 4 m in 4 min = 1m/minTime 8 to 10: Granny went 8 m in 2 min = 4m/min

14. Enter the numbers in the table to compare the average speed of Granny gorilla in each time interval, from 1 being the lowest average speed to 4 being the highest average speed.

Interval Order

Time 0 to 1

Time 1 to 4

Time 4 to 8

Time 8 to 10

4

2

1

3

Fan Cart Gizmo Part AHow does Force affect motion?

1. Complete prior knowledge questions.2. Then get a Chromebook and complete the

Warm-up and Activity A.3. When you are done get it checked.

Warm-up TuesdayLook at the underlined part of the sentence. What are these examples of? (Word Bank: Force, Motion, Reference Point, Speed, Velocity, Balanced Force, Unbalanced Force, Friction.)

1. Ryan drove 50 mph on the highway.

2. Aaron kicked the ball causing it to roll into the goal.

3. Karli walked northeast 5 miles in an hour.

4. A team is playing tug of war and no one is winning.

5. Kelly got farther from the school as she walked home.

6. A baseball rolls away from the pitcher’s mound and was

slowed by the grass.

SpeedForce & Motion

Velocity

Balanced Force

Reference Point

Friction

Newton’s First Law- (Law of Inertia)

Inertia- the tendency of a still or moving object to resist changes in its motion.

An object at rest tends to stay at rest and an object in motion tends to stay in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.

“Objects want to keep doing what they were doing”

SITTING STILL DOES NOT REQUIRE A FORCE!!

Examples of Newton’s First Law

Newton’s Second Law- (F=m x a)

An object's movement is controlled by the force and the mass.

Force equals mass times accelerationF = m x a

If two balls with the same mass are sitting on the ground and I kick one twice as hard it will go twice as fast.

5 mph10 mph

10 mph20 mph

If two balls of different masses are sitting on the ground and I kick them with the same force… the twice as big ball will move slower than the smaller ball.

5 mph

10 mph

Real-life Examples: Something really big (high mass) but very slow can still have a great force.

Example: Glacier carving out rock on Kelley’s Island

Something very small (low mass) but moving very quickly can still have a great force.

Example: Bullet hitting an object

Real-life Examples:Something very big (high mass) requires a lot of force to move quickly.

Example: Long train getting started

Something very small (low mass) needs a small force to move quickly.

Example: Rolling marble into a pile

Newton’s Third LawFor every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Examples: • Sitting in a chair gravity pulls you down in the seat, but the

seat is pushing up with an equal force. It is balanced.• A swimmer pushes again the water and the water pushes

back.• Bounce a ball on the ground and it bounces back.

Newton’s 3 Laws of Motion-Explained

Newton’s Three Laws Review1. Inertia: An object in motion will stay in

motion and objects at rest will stay at rest unless acted on by an unbalanced force.

2. Force equals mass times acceleration (F = ma)

3. For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.

1. If a bowling ball and a basketball are rolled with the same amount of force, the basketball will go faster.

2. A teacher sitting in her rolling chair pushes against the wall and moves in the opposite direction.

3. A semi-truck and a small car are traveling at the same speed. They each hit the brakes at the same time, but the truck takes much longer to slow down.

4. A magician quickly pulls a tablecloth out from under a set of dishes. The dishes remain in the same spot.

5. A train stops suddenly at the train station and everyone in the cars continue moving forward.

Identify which of Newton’s laws goes with the following situations.

Multiple ForcesMore than one force can act on an object at a time. • The total force that results from combining all the forces

acting on an object is called net force.

• Forces have both size and direction.

Balanced Force- forces that cancel each other; net force is zero.

Unbalanced Force- forces that are not cancelled and result in a net force that is not zero.

A net force that is not zero causes a change in velocity.

• Speeds up, slows down, changes direction

Acceleration- rate at which velocity changesExample: Speeding up, slowing down, changing

direction.

Will the box change velocity? If so how?

200 N100 N 50 N 50 N

150 N

200 N

100 N to the Left No Motion- Balanced Force

50N up

Warm-up Wednesday-

1. What two variables can change the motion or speed of an object?

2. Which list shows what can happen to the motion of an object when only one force is acting on the object?

A. The object speeds up, slows down, sits at restB. The object changes direction, speeds up, slows downC. The object moves at a constant speed, speeds up, slows

downD. The object moves at a constant speed, changes direction,

speeds up

Force and Mass

Today we are learning:

- Compare and Contrast how different masses and different strengths of force will change the motion of an object.

- Manipulate the variables of mass and force so that objects travel at the same rate.

Fan Cart Gizmo Part B- togetherWhat happens if you turn the fan off?

Click ResetChange Surface to No frictionPlace only Soda and Book on the cartSet Fan Speed to High

Click Play for 5 seconds. Then turn Fan Off. What pattern do you see in the position line graph?

Try some other objects, speeds, or times. Is this always true?

If there is no force, the ______ does not change at all.

Force and Fan Cart Part E

1. Reminder: Use units in your answers!! a. (3 cm is way different than 3 cm/sec)

2. Complete Part E with a partner… when you are finished there are two Extensions you can do.

a. Can you find multiple situations where the final speed of the cart is the same but Force and Mass are different?

i. For example: 3g on the cart Fan on Low = 6g on the cart Fan on High?? -> I don’t know if this works?

b. Design your own Experiment-> get the paper from the teacher.

We will be going over Part E together.

Part E

Exit SlipPlease Complete all the questions on the backside of Part E and turn the paper into the bin.

Reminder: Quiz tomorrow!! (15pts.)If you need help knowing what to study ASK!!

1. Used to determine if an object is moving2. The speed of an object and the direction it is moving.3. The attraction of any two masses in the universe.4. The cause of something speeding up, slowing down, or changing direction.5. The tendency of matter to resist change6. A change in velocity is called ___.7. The distance an object travels over time

Identify and write the words that go with these definitions. Use the vocabulary listed on the board as your word bank.

1. Used to determine if an object is moving- Reference Point (Frame of Reference)

2. The speed of an object and the direction it is moving- Velocity

3. The attraction of any two masses in the universe- Gravitational Force (Gravity)

4. The cause of something speeding up, slowing down, or changing direction- Force

5. The tendency of matter to resist change- Inertia

6. A change in velocity is called- Acceleration

7. The distance an object travels over time- Speed

Identify and write the words that go with these definitions. Use the vocabulary listed on the board as your word bank.

Mr. Parr- Newton’s 3 Laws