Newtown Heritage Study Review 2008 [July 2009] · City of Greater Geelong . Newtown Heritage Study...

City of Greater Geelong

Newtown Heritage Study Review 2008

Heritage Citations

Volume 3

Prepared by: City of Greater Geelong

Adopted July 2009

City of Greater Geelong

Newtown Heritage Study Review 2008

Heritage Citations

Volume 3

Prepared by: City of Greater Geelong

Adopted July 2009 Front cover: Panorama of Geelong, Chilwell from Newtown Hill Copyright E. de Balk, 1866 Geelong Heritage Centre Collection GRS 2009/2020

Table of Contents

Page Number Section 1 Introduction to the Study 1 Section 2 List of Individual Places in Newtown 3 (in alphabetical address order)

Section 3 Heritage Citations of Individual places in Newtown 5

21 Aberdeen Street Newtown 623 Aberdeen Street Newtown 1125 Aberdeen Street Newtown 1527 Aberdeen Street Newtown 1931-61 Aberdeen Street, Newtown 2584 Aphrasia Street Newtown 2986 Aphrasia Street, Newtown 3292 Aphrasia Street, Newtown 3535/37 Cumberland Street, Newtown 3939 Cumberland Street, Newtown 43318 LaTrobe Terrace, Newtown 46364/366 LaTrobe Terrace, Newtown 5018 Marshall Street, Newtown 548 Mercer Parade, Newtown 6025 Mercer Parade, Newtown 64104 Nicholas Street, Newtown 68106 Nicholas Street, Newtown 712 Noble Street, Newtown 77288 Pakington Street, Newtown 83289 Pakington Street, Newtown 87293 Pakington Street, Newtown 92312 Pakington Street, Newtown 95313 Pakington Street Newtown 99331 Pakington Street, Newtown 105333 Pakington Street, Newtown 110336 Pakington Street, Newtown 114366A Pakington Street, Netown 12146 Retreat Road, Newtown 124

11 Stinton Avenue, Newtown 12916 Stinton Avenue, Newtown 13235 Stinton Avenue, Newtown 137

Newtown Heritage Study Review, July 2009 – Volume 3

Prepared by City of Greater Geelong 1

SECTION 1 1.0 Introduction



1.0 INTRODUCTION The City of Greater Geelong has prepared the Newtown Heritage Study Review dated August 2008.

The review has assessed all buildings, landscapes and engineering infrastructure in the area bounded by Shannon Avenue, Latrobe Terrace, Aberdeen Street and West Fyans Street, Newtown that are currently located outside the existing Heritage Overlay areas identified in the Greater Geelong Planning Scheme.

This Report comprises the third of three (3) Volumes. This Volume includes the heritage citation sheets for the 31 individual places of significance in Newtown, outside the proposed heritage areas. Volume 1 includes the supporting background, statements of significance, heritage area maps and historical figures for each of the nominated heritage precinct areas in Newtown Volume 2 is the Inventory of Places within each of the heritage areas, including the significance status of each place and style/era within these areas.



SECTION 2 2.0 List of Individual Places in Newtown (in alphabetical address order)



LIST OF PLACES IN NEWTOWN OF LOCAL SIGNIFICANCE

Street Suburb Site Name Overall Significance

21 Aberdeen Street Newtown “Felicita” Local 23 Aberdeen Street Newtown Local 25 Aberdeen Street Newtown Local 27 Aberdeen Street Newtown Local 31-61 Aberdeen Street

Newtown St John’s Lutheran School

Local

84 Aphrasia Street Newtown Local 86 Aphrasia Street Newtown Local 92 Aphrasia Street Newtown Local 35/37 Cumberland Street

Newtown Local

39 Cumberland Street Newtown Local 318 LaTrobe Terrace Newtown Local 364/366 LaTrobe Terrace

Newtown Local

18 Marshall Street Newtown Local 8 Mercer Parade Newtown Local 25 Mercer Parade Newtown Local 104 Nicholas Street Newtown Local 106 Nicholas Street Newtown Local 2 Noble Street Newtown Sawyers Arms

Hotel Local

288 Pakington Street Newtown Local 289 Pakington Street Newtown Local 293 Pakington Street Newtown Local 312 Pakington Street Newtown Local 313 Pakington Street Newtown Local 331 Pakington Street Newtown Local 333 Pakington Street Newtown 336 Pakington Street Newtown Cremorne Hotel Local 366A Pakington Street

Newtown Local

46 Retreat Road Newtown Local 11 Stinton Avenue Newtown Local 16 Stinton Avenue Newtown Local 35 Stinton Avenue Newtown Local Note: All located outside proposed heritage areas within the study area.



SECTION 3 3.0 Heritage Citations of Individual Places in Newtown


Name: “Felicita” Address: 21 Aberdeen Street, Newtown Critical Dates: c. 1918-19 Existing Level of Significance: Local Proposed Heritage Overlay: HO

1.0 Statement of Significance ”Felicita” at 21 Aberdeen Street, Newtown, has significance as a substantial and intact example of a late Federation Bungalow style and comprises one of four large early 20th century Bungalows in this part of Aberdeen Street.. “Felicita” is one of the earliest-known and notable examples of the work of the architect, I.G. Anderson. Built in 1918-19 for George and Nunziata Virgona, the dwelling appears to be in good condition when viewed from the street. The front fence, with its tapered rendered piers and bays of secondary face brick piers and plinths, and woven wire, also contributes to the significance of the place. ”Felicita” at 21 Aberdeen Street is architecturally significant at a LOCAL level (AHC D.2, E.1). It demonstrates original design qualities of a late Federation Bungalow style, being a notable very early example of the work of the architect, I.G. Anderson. These qualities include the broad gable roof form that traverses the site, together with the central balcony gable and flanking broken back verandahs that project towards the street frontage. Other intact or appropriate qualities include the symmetrical composition, elevated single storey height, face brick and horizontal timber weatherboard wall construction, terra tile roof cladding, terra cotta finials, brick chimneys with terra cotta pots, broad eaves with exposed timber rafters, large tapered rendered verandah piers with face brick motifs and projecting concrete cappings, paired squat timber verandah posts with geometric timber fretwork between, curved timber verandah brackets, capped timber verandah balustrades, paired timber balcony posts and balcony opening, timber framed casement windows with highlights above, Prepared by City of Greater Geelong 6



window leadlighting, central timber framed door opening with timber and glazed door and sidelights, and the decorative gable infill (timber ventilators, and brackets). The front fence also contributes to the significance of the place. ”Felicita” at 21 Aberdeen Street, is historically significant at a LOCAL level (AHC A.4, H.1). It is associated with the development of substantial dwellings in this part of Aberdeen Street during the First World War. The dwelling also has associations with the architect, I.G. Anderson. It was built in 1918-19 for George and Nunziata Virgona. Overall, “Felicita” at 21 Aberdeen Street is of LOCAL significance.

2.0 Description “Felicita” at 21 Aberdeen Street is set on a large sized allotment for the area. It has a modest front setback comprised of open grassed areas with perimeter garden beds, mature trees and shrubs and a paved pedestrian path. On the front boundary is an early fence having tapered rendered piers with bays of face brick secondary piers and plinths, and wire between. The symmetrical, elevated single storey, face brick and horizontal timber weatherboard, late Federation Bungalow styled dwelling is characterised by a broad gable roof form that traverses the site, together with a central balcony gable and flanking broken back verandahs that project towards the street frontage. These roof forms are clad in terra cotta tiles. Terra cotta finials and brick chimneys with terra cotta pots adorn the roofline. Broad overhangs with exposed timber rafters are features of the eaves. An early feature of the design is the front verandah. It is supported by large tapered rendered piers with face brick motifs and projecting concrete cappings, which in turn support paired squat timber posts with geometric timber fretwork between. Curved timber brackets are another early feature of the verandah, as are the capped timber balustrades. Similar paired timber posts above projecting cappings are identified on the balcony gable, although the balcony opening above the early timber wall cladding has been glazed in with timber framed windows. Other early features of the design include the timber framed casement windows with highlights above, window leadlighting, central timber framed door opening with timber and glazed door and sidelights, and the decorative gable infill (timber ventilators, and brackets).

3.0 History

‘Felicita’ The site at 21 Aberdeen Street is located on Lot 1 of plan TP698740X which is part of Crown Allotment 1 (part), Section 2, County of Moorpanyal. In 1913-14, the City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books list this site as “vacant land” owned by Belcher and Doyle. By March 1918, the property had been sold to George and Nunziata Virgona and construction had commenced on a substantial Late Federation Bungalow. The outline of the dwelling then under construction is shown in the Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Field Book plan (Figure 1). Illfe Gordon Anderson, architect, was responsible for the design of the dwelling as is name is noted on the Field Book plan.



The dwelling was completed by 1918-19 and it remained in the Virgona family for several years. Guieseppe Virgona was listed as the occupier in 1938 but by 1950 the occupier was Joseph Serra. The Architect: I.G. Anderson Illfe Gordon Anderson was born in South Yarra in 1890, the son of John Anderson and his wife Ellen (nee Keene). I.G. Anderson moved to Geelong in 1910 and by 1912 he was listed as a carpenter in Latrobe Terrace, Newtown. It was also from about this time when Anderson studied architecture at the Gordon Institute of Technology under George King. He later studied at the University of Melbourne Architectural Atelier. The first record of Anderson practicing as an architect is in 1916, when he called tenders for the remodelling of the Grammar School Mansions at the Old Geelong Grammar School, and for erecting stables, outbuildings and the installation of sewerage to woolstores in Brougham Place, Geelong. The earliest-recorded house designed by Anderson was in Gurr Street, East Geelong, when he called tenders in the Geelong Advertiser in September 1917. This was followed by brick alterations to the residence in Little Myers Street owned by D. Travaglia in October 1917. In 1918 – the year in which he designed ‘Felicita’ at 21 Aberdeen Street, Anderson was listed as an Architect at 132 Little Malop Street, Geelong. Anderson’s first notable commission came in 1919, when he designed the Mildura Club in Deakin Avenue, Mildura. His practice in Geelong in the 1920s was prosperous, having designed the Geelong West Town Hall in 1923-24, ‘The O’Connell Block’ of commercial buildings in Little Malop Street in 1923-25, CML Insurance building in Malop Street in 1925-27 and the Belcher’s Corner building at the corner of Moorabool and Ryrie Streets in 1926, in addition to several other residential and commercial buildings. The commercial buildings were largely designed in a stripped Classical Renaissance style. In 1924, he was associated with the Melbourne architectural firm of Irwin and Stephenson for the design of the Corio Garden Suburb. In the 1930s, while living and operating his architectural practice in Geelong, Anderson’s practice was commissioned for works in Melbourne and other areas. In 1930, he was responsible for the design of the Brunswick Market buildings in a Spanish Mission style. However, most of the buildings emanating from his practice at this time took on a streamlined moderne and Art Deco genre and included the ‘Ostend’ flats (1934) and Lonsdale House warehouse and shops (1934). During the Second World War between 1939 and 1945, Anderson served as Chief Architect to the United States Army in Victoria. After the war in 1947-48, he moved to Hobart, Tasmania, where he practised with his son, Leslie. I.G. Anderson died in Hobart in 1963.

4.0 Comparative Analysis While it is known that I.G. Anderson was responsible for designing a number of dwellings in Geelong in the 1910s, no other surviving examples have been identified. ‘Felicita’ is a distinguished example of a late Federation Bungalow style when compared with other similarly-designed dwellings in Newtown and Drumcondra. Other readily comparable interwar examples (built after ‘Felicita’) that feature a similar broad gable roof form, central gable balcony and flanking broken back front verandahs include:

• Dwelling, 20 Beach Parade, Drumcondra, built in 1921-22.



• ‘Maralan’, 57 The Esplanade, Drumcondra, built in 1927-28. • ‘Illawarra’, 7 Roebuck Street, Newtown, built 1922.

Also comparable are the substantial other late Federation Bungalows adjacent to the subject site at 23, 25 and 27 Aberdeen Street that were built between 1915 and 1917.

5.0 Condition

Good.

6.0 Integrity High Integrity.

7.0 Recommendations Heritage Overlay Schedule Controls

External Paint Controls: Yes Internal Alteration Controls: No Tree Controls: No Outbuildings and/or Fences: Yes- fence

Extent of Heritage Overlay & Significance The HO apply to the whole of the site. Other Recommendations: Nil

8.0 References City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books 1860-1950, digital copies on CD, Geelong Heritage Centre. Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Field Book 021_016 (March 1918). R. Fleming, ‘A Forgotten Artist: A Biography of I.G. Anderson and His Work’, Architectural Research Project, Deakin University, 1999. Rebecca Fleming, additional notes and information on works by I.G. Anderson to David Rowe, October 2008. Aitken, Honman & Huddle, ‘City of Geelong West Urban Conservation Study’, prepared for the City of Geelong West, vol.2, 1986. G. Dekker, ’20 Beach Parade, Drumcondra’, conservation study, School of Architecture & Building, Deakin University, 1991. Sands and McDougall’s Directory, 1938 & 1950. R. Peterson, ‘Newtown Urban Conservation Study C Citations’, vol. 5b, prepared for the City of Greater Geelong, 1997. ‘Former Brunswick Market’, 1-9 Ballarat Road, Brunswick, H1307, Victorian Heritage Database online, www.heritage.vic.gov.au, October 2008.

http://www.heritage.vic.gov.au/


9.0 Historical Figures

Figure 1: Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Field Book 021_016 (March 1918). Source: Barwon Water.



Name: Residence Address: 23 Aberdeen Street, Newtown Critical Dates: c. 1916-17 Existing Level of Significance: Local Proposed Heritage Overlay: HO

1.0 Statement of Significance The house at 23 Aberdeen Street, Newtown, has significance as a substantial and predominantly intact example of a late Federation Bungalow style and comprises one of four large early 20th century Bungalows in this part of Aberdeen Street. Built in c. 1916-17 for Florence E Clarke, the dwelling appears to be in good condition when viewed from the street. The front fence having brick piers and plinth and open bays of horizontal metal tubing also contributes to the significance of the place. The house at 23 Aberdeen Street is architecturally significant at a LOCAL level (AHC D.2, E.1). It demonstrates original design qualities of a late Federation Bungalow style and is comparable to other neighbouring Bungalows built around the same time. These qualities include the broad gable roof form that projects towards the front, together with the rear attic skillion and gable roofs that project at the sides, and the return verandah formed under the main gable at the front. Other intact or appropriate qualities include the elevated single storey height, face brick wall construction, slate roof cladding with terra cotta ridge decoration and finials, rendered brick chimneys with face brick cappings and terra cotta pots, broad eaves, face brick and rendered verandah piers, decorative timber verandah valances, front steps in the north-east corner, bowed bay windows under the front verandah (including the corner bay), timber framed casement windows with leadlighted highlights above, timber battening and paneling in the gable end and the solid shingled timber first floor sleep-out balustrade and brackets also in the gable end. The front fence having brick piers and plinth and open bays of horizontal metal tubing also contributes to the significance of the place. Prepared by City of Greater Geelong 11



The residence at 23 Aberdeen Street, is historically significant at a LOCAL level (AHC A.4,). It is associated with the development of substantial dwellings in this part of Aberdeen Street during the First World War. This dwelling was built in 1916-17 for Florence Clarke, daughter of Thomas Clarke, successful grocer in Geelong in the late 19th century. Overall, the residence at 23 Aberdeen Street is of LOCAL significance.

2.0 Description The residence at 23 Aberdeen Street, Newtown, forms part of a small group of four substantial early 20th century Bungalows in this part of the street. This dwelling has a smaller front setback as the neighbouring properties and the front yard is largely comprised of mature trees and shrubs. The front is bound by an early fence with brick piers and plinth, and open bays of horizontal metal tubing. The elevated single storey, face red brick, late Federation Bungalow styled dwelling is characterized by a broad gable roof form that projects towards the front, together with rear attic skillion and gable roofs that project at the sides. These roof forms are clad in slate and feature early terra cotta ridge decoration and finials. Early rendered brick chimneys with face brick cappings and terra cotta pots adorn the roofline. Broad overhangs are features of the eaves. An early feature of the design is the return verandah formed under the main gable roof. It is supported by face brick and rendered piers and has decorative timber valances and is accessed by a series of steps in the north-east corner. Other early features of the design include the bowed bay windows under the verandah (including the corner bay) with timber framed casement windows and leadlighted highlights above, timber battening and paneling in the gable end and the solid shingled timber first floor sleep-out balustrade and brackets also in the gable end. The windows in the sleep out opening have been introduced.

3.0 History The House The site at 23 Aberdeen Street is located on Lot 1 of plan TP689298M which is part of Crown Allotment 1 (part), Section 2, County of Moorpanyal. In 1913-14, the City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books listed the site as vacant land owned by Belcher and Doyle. By 1915-16, the site had been sold to Florence Ethelyn Clarke, the Rate Books revealing that the dwelling was then under construction. A sketch plan of the dwelling in c.1914 in the Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Field book (Figure 1) also indicates that “only the foundation” had been built at this time. It was not until 1916-17 when the Rate Books show that the dwelling had been completed, the delay in construction probably resulting from shortages of materials and labour during the First World War. Florence Clarke’s ownership of the property had ended by 1925 when Elizabeth Jacobs was listed as the owner. Florence Clarke This house has associations with Florence E. Clarke who was the daughter of Thomas Clarke. Both Thomas and his brother, Richard, operated a grocery business in Moorabool Street in the mid 19th century. In 1880 Richard Clarke established a well-known wholesale and retail business in groceries and wines and spirits in Ryrie Street



opposite the Post Office. Clarke’s clientele extended beyond Geelong and into surrounding districts.

4.0 Comparative Analysis The other late Federation Bungalows at 21, 25 and 27 Aberdeen Street (built between 1915 and 1919) are comparable with the dwelling at 23 Aberdeen Street. The dwelling at 25 Aberdeen Street, with its broad projecting gable, is especially comparable.

5.0 Condition Good

6.0 Integrity Moderate-High Integrity.



Extent of Heritage Overlay & Significance To the extent of the whole site. Other Recommendations: Nil

8.0 References City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books 1860-1950, digital copies on CD, Geelong Heritage Centre. Geelong Waterworks & Sewerage Trust Field Book No 114_019, c.1914. Source: Barwon Water. E.A. Vidler, The Book of Geelong, Places, Industries and Amusements, Geelong, 1896. Sands and McDougall’s Directory, 1938 & 1950.



Figure 1: Geelong Waterworks & Sewerage Trust Field Book No 114_019, c.1914. Source: Barwon Water.




1.0 Statement of Significance The residence at 25 Aberdeen Street, Newtown, has significance as a substantial and predominantly intact example of a late Federation Bungalow style and comprises one of four large early 20th century Bungalows in this part of Aberdeen Street. Built in c. 1915-16 for Alexander Johnson, the house is also a rare known example of the work of the architect, William Henry Cleverdon. The house appears to be in good condition when viewed from the street. The residence at 25 Aberdeen Street is architecturally significant at a LOCAL level (AHC D.2, E.1). It demonstrates original design qualities of a late Federation Bungalow style, being a rare known example of the work of William Cleverdon. These qualities include the broad gable roof form and skillion verandah that project towards the front, slate roof cladding with terra cotta ridge decoration and finial, two tapered and rendered chimneys with terra cotta pots and the broad eaves. Other intact or appropriate qualities include the single storey height, tapered and rendered verandah piers, timber verandah posts, timber shingles in the gable end, timber framed double hung window under the front verandah, and the front timber framed doorway with sidelights and highlights. The residence at 25 Aberdeen Street, is historically significant at a LOCAL level (AHC A.4, H.1). It is associated with the development of substantial dwellings in this part of Aberdeen Street during the First World War. This dwelling has particular associations




with the architect, William Henry Cleverdon, having been built in 1915-16 for Alexander Johnson. Overall, the residence at 25 Aberdeen Street is of LOCAL significance.

2.0 Description The residence at 25 Aberdeen Street, Newtown, forms part of a small group of four substantial early 20th century Bungalows in this part of the street. This dwelling has an equivalent front setback as the neighbouring properties and the front yard is dominated by mature trees and shrubs. The front of the property is also screened by a high, introduced brick fence surmounted by timber picket fretwork. The single storey, brick, late Federation Bungalow styled dwelling is characterised by a broad gable roof form and skillion verandah that project towards the front, together with rear wings with complex roofs that appear to be later additions. These roof forms are clad in slate. Two early tapered and rendered chimneys with terra cotta pots adorn the roofline. Broad overhangs are features of the eaves. An early feature of the design is the front verandah. It is supported by tapered and rendered piers which in turn are supported by timber posts. Other early features of the design include the terra cotta roof ridge capping and finial, timber shingles in the gable end, timber framed double hung window under the front verandah, and the front timber framed doorway with sidelights and highlights.

3.0 History The House The site at 25 Aberdeen Street is located on Lot 1 of plan TP705540Y which is part of Crown Allotment 1 (part), Section 2, County of Moorpanyal. In 1913-14, the site was listed in the City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books as vacant land owned by Belcher and Doyle. By 1915-16, the Rate Books show that this house had been built for the then owner, Alexander Johnson and was described as a “brick dwelling”. The Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Field Book for this time reveals that it was designed by the architect, William Henry Cleverdon (Figure 1). In 1925, Johnson sold the property to Emma McCann. The Architect: W.H. Cleverdon William Henry Cleverdon was born in c.1855 in Richmond Victoria. He entered the architectural profession by being articled to Thomas Adamson. Cleverdon subsequently joined the Architectural Branch of the Education Department of Victoria which amalgamated with the Public Works Department in later years. He married Emma Toon in 1877 and in about 1888 Cleverdon left the Public Works Department to enter private practice in Melbourne. There, he designed a number of buildings including a house at Kew (c.1890), and the ‘The Block’, Melbourne (c.1893). By 1897, Cleverdon had commenced an office in Malop Street, Geelong. A freemason for a number of years, Cleverdon’s commissions included the Leopold Methodist Church (c.1895) and an Iron Store in Brougham Street. Apart from the Bungalow at 25 Aberdeen Street, no other early 20th century dwellings designed by Cleverdon are currently known.

4.0 Comparative Analysis The other late Federation Bungalows at 21, 23 and 27 Aberdeen Street (built between 1915 and 1919) are comparable with the dwelling at 25 Aberdeen Street. In particular, the dwelling at 23 Aberdeen Street, with its broad projecting gable and front verandah, is especially comparable.



5.0 Condition

Good



External Paint Controls: Yes Internal Alteration Controls: No Tree Controls: No Outbuildings and/or Fences: No

Extent of Heritage Overlay & Significance To the extent of the whole site. Other Recommendations: Nil.

8.0 References Architectural database for Cleverdon prepared Susie Zada 2008 City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books 1860-1950, digital copies on CD, Geelong Heritage Centre. Geelong Waterworks & Sewerage Trust Field Book No 114_019, c.1914. Source: Barwon Water. D. Rowe, ‘Architecture of Geelong 1860-1900’, B.Arch. Thesis, Deakin University, 1990. Victorian Heritage Database (HERMES) based on information from local government heritage studies in Victoria and information from the Victorian Heritage Register. Everett, Percy Edgar, in the Australian Dictionary of Biography online edition at http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au/adbonline.htm. Sands and McDougall’s Directory, 1938 & 1950.

http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au/adbonline.htm



Figure 1: Geelong Waterworks & Sewerage Trust Field Book No 114_019, c.1914. Source: Barwon Water.




1.0 Statement of Significance The residence at 27 Aberdeen Street, Newtown, has significance as a substantial and intact example of a late Federation Bungalow style and comprises one of four large early 20th century Bungalows in this part of Aberdeen Street. The residence is also a notable example of the work of the prolific Geelong architectural firm of Laird and Buchan. Built in 1915-16, the dwelling has associations with Abraham Pizer, original owner and successful tailor in Geelong in the early 20th century. The house appears to be in good condition when viewed from the street. The residence at 27 Aberdeen Street is architecturally significant at a LOCAL level (AHC D.2, E.1). It demonstrates original design qualities of a late Federation Bungalow style, being a notable example of the work of the Geelong architects, Laird and Buchan. These qualities include the broad gable roof form that projects towards the front, together with the rear broad hipped roof and minor projecting gables at the sides, and the projecting entrance porch with balcony above. Other intact or appropriate qualities include the face brick wall construction, terra cotta tile roof cladding, terra cotta finials, broad eaves with exposed timber rafters, brick chimney, face brick porch piers with concrete cappings, triple timber porch posts, solid bellcast timber shingled balcony balustrade, double main door opening with paneled timber and glazed doors with transoms above, decorative leadlight in the main entrance doors and transoms, window openings with timber framed casements having leadlighted highlights above, and the projecting flat window hoods on the front windows.




The residence at 27 Aberdeen Street, is historically significant at a LOCAL level (AHC A.4, H.1). It is associated with the development of substantial dwellings in this part of Aberdeen Street during the First World War. The dwelling also has associations with Abraham Pizer, original owner from 1915-16 and successful local tailor in the early 20th century, and with the prolific local architectural firm of Laird and Buchan. Overall, the residence at 27 Aberdeen Street is of LOCAL significance.

2.0 Description The dwelling at 27 Aberdeen Street, Newtown, forms part of a small group of four substantial early 20th century Bungalows in this part of the street. This dwelling has an equivalent front setback as the neighbouring properties and the front yard is largely comprised of an open grassed area with perimeter garden beds some mature trees and shrubs. An introduced low fence forms the front boundary. The face brick, late Federation Bungalow styled dwelling is characterized by a broad gable roof form that projects towards the front, together with a rear broad hipped roof and minor projecting gables at the sides. The front is also distinguished by a projecting entrance porch with balcony above. The roofs are clad in early terra cotta tiles and feature early terra cotta finials. An early face brick chimney adorns the roofline. Broad overhangs with exposed timber rafters are features of the eaves. An early feature of the design is the projecting entrance porch and balcony. It is supported by early face brick piers with concrete cappings which in turn support triple square timber posts. The balcony has a solid bellcast timber shingled balustrade. Under the entrance porch is an early double door opening with paneled timber and glazed doors with transoms above. Both the doors and transoms feature early decorative leadlight. Flanking the entrance porch are early window openings with timber framed casements having leadlighted highlights above. These windows also have early projecting flat window hoods. Other early features of the design include the dentillated brackets in the main gable end and balcony, timber brackets and shingling in the gable end, and the timber framed attic doors and windows.

3.0 History The House The site at 27 Aberdeen Street is located on Lot 1 of plan TP689269U which is part of Crown Allotment 1 (part), Section 2, County of Moorpanyal. In 1913-14, the City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate books listed the subject property as “land”, owned by Belcher and Doyle. The site was sold to Eloise C. Pizer (wife of Abraham Pizer) at this time. In January 1914, Abraham Pizer commissioned the prominent Geelong architectural firm of Laird and Buchan to inspect the site and prepare a design for a new residence. A sketch plan had been completed by October 1914, with the plans and specification finalised by March 1915. Construction soon commenced and the Rate Books indicate that the dwelling was finished by 1916. An outline of the dwelling, showing the front and side verandahs and rear wash house outbuilding, is given in the Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Field Book for January 1917.



The Pizers resided at the house at 27 Aberdeen Street for a number of years, being listed as owners in 1925. It has not been ascertained when they sold the dwelling, but the Sands and McDougall’s Directory for 1938 listed Miss Jeanette McKay as owner. Abraham Pizer Abraham Pizer was born in Poland in c.1879 and he arrived in Victoria on the ship Phir in October 1899. He married Charlotte Eloise Davis in 1909 and it was at this time when he was listed as residing at 46 Aberdeen Street. Abraham Pizer established a successful tailoring business initially at his Aberdeen Street residence but by 1919 A. Pizer and Co. was listed in Moorabool Street. Soon after the end of the First World War in 1919, Pizer advertised his business in the Geelong Advertiser:

“Despite the difficulties that all Business Houses experienced during war time, PIZER’S were singularly fortunate in maintaining a reasonably full stock as the “high water” mark of quality.”

The success of Pizer’s business lead him to open a second store as Pizer and Harris in 1920 in Ryrie Street. In addition, another member of the family, Solomon Pizer, had also established himself as a successful tailor in 1901, at 97 Little Malop Street. It is of interest that it was Abraham’s wife, Charlotte, who was listed as owner of their home at 27 Aberdeen Street. Because the house was built during the First World War, Abraham was possibly classified as an “alien” and unable to own property in his name. Abraham and Charlotte Pizer relocated to Melbourne before the mid 20th century. Abraham died on 21 June 1955 in Toorak. Laird and Buchan Architects The architectural firm of Laird and Buchan (originally known as Laird and Barlow) was prolific in Geelong and district in the late 19th and 20th centuries. John Angus Laird was born on 25 May 1862 at Eddington Station in the Western District of Victoria. He was the son of Mr John Laird who was one of Victoria’s early pioneers, arriving in 1852. John Angus Laird was educated under until he was fifteen and on his parent’s removal to South Australia, he was placed at a cost of 300 Golden Sovereigns with Joseph Watts, Geelong Architect, making rapid progress and he eventually became Watts’s supervising architect. Laird worked both in Geelong and Melbourne for a brief period and upon returning to the practice of Watts was on the understanding that he would eventually take it over. But when Watts died in 1890 the practice was taken over by James Durran and William Tombs, and Laird resigned from the firm in late 1890 to commence business on his own account. On 1 November 1890, Thomas Buchan was articled to J.A. Laird and in the following year, 1891, Laird took into partnership Fred J. Barlow of New Zealand. Barlow was born in Christchurch, New Zealand on 24 January 1868, the son of John and Augusta Cecil Vere Barlow, formerly of Herefordshire and the Isle of Wight, England. He was first educated at the Papanui School before studying at Wiggin’s Sumner College, and after completing his education he was articled to A.W. Simpson, architect of Christchurch in 1884. One of the earliest and most substantial commissions for the fledgling architectural practice came in 1891 when it was engaged to design a woolstore for Dalgety and Co. in Gheringhap Street. This project began an association with this company that was to last almost 100 years.



With the return of Barlow to New Zealand, Laird made Buchan a partner of the firm in 1908. Known as Laird and Buchan, the practice continued to prosper in the early 20th century, which included a large number of Federation dwellings. As Michael Page in An Architectural Apex states:

“The new century had given the world the feeling that there was no limit to the possibilities of human creativity, as exemplified by such miracles as flying machines, wireless telegraphy and the automobile. Australians were caught up in this great new wave of confidence … Such feelings soon infected Geelong, where wealthy citizens and their wives demanded that Laird and Buchan should building them homes in turn with the new era. It was the time of Art Nouveau and of a graceful new ebullience in decoration, breaking away from the heavy solemnity of Queen Victoria’s day. The firm introduced the new style to Geelong with a number of splendid new residences, especially in the Newtown Hill area …”

Several commissions provided the firm with sufficient work during the onset of the First World War from 1914, until war-time shortages later in the war almost brought building works to a halt. A steady flow of commissions for the domestic replanning required to connect Geelong homes to the new Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust sewerage system helped the firm survive. After the war, the architectural firm took advantage of the boom years of the 1920s, with a substantial variety of work in Geelong and the Western District. This continued in the 1930s. Commissions included substantial interwar dwellings as well as commercial, industrial and recreational architecture. Their substantial output was also measured in the broad spectrum of their architectural repertoire, from Modern Functionalist versions to more traditionalist interwar Bungalow types. The 1930s witnessed another new era for the Laird and Buchan architectural practice. J.A. Laird retired in 1935 and Thomas Buchan appointed Laird’s son, Ewen, as a partner of the firm. This followed by the appointment of Buchan’s son, John, as a partner in 1936, the firm then being known as Buchan, Laird and Buchan.

4.0 Comparative Analysis Laird and Buchan were responsible for many substantial Federation and interwar era Bungalows in the Geelong area, and particularly in Newtown and Drumcondra. One of the more comparable examples to the dwelling at 27 Aberdeen Street is the house at 39 The Esplanade, Drumcondra, which has local significance and is identified by HO674. It was built in 1914-15 for Percy Baxter. This dwelling also features a projecting central entrance portico with first floor balcony/sleepout supported by triple timber posts, but the balcony has a hipped roof and the main roof forms are also hipped. It also appears to be predominantly intact. Also comparable are the substantial other late Federation Bungalows adjacent to the subject site at 21, 23 and 25 Aberdeen Street that were built between 1915 and 1919.

5.0 Condition Good.







8.0 References City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books 1860-1950, digital copies on CD, Geelong Heritage Centre. J. Pargeter, For God, Home and Humanity; a history of the Geelong City Union of the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union, 1888 to 1988, Woman's Christian Temperance Union, Geelong, 1988 Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Field Book 114_024 (Jan 1917). Source: Barwon Water. D. Rowe, ‘Architecture of Geelong 1860-1900’, B. Arch. Thesis, Deakin University, 1991. Geelong Advertiser newspaper, 19 February 1919, Geelong Heritage Centre. M. Ambrose, ‘Percy Baxter Residence’, conservation and research report, Deakin University, 1990. Aitken, Honman & Huddle, ‘City of Geelong West Urban Conservation Study’, prepared for the City of Geelong West, vol.2, 1986. Sands and McDougall’s Directory, 1938 & 1950. Laird and Buchan Day Book., 1912-1918, Geelong Heritage Centre. M. Page, An Architectural Apex, Buchan Laird International Pty Ltd, South Yarra, 1990.



Figure 1: Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Field Book 114_024 (Jan 1917). Source: Barwon Water.



St. John’s Lutheran School Address: 31-61 Aberdeen Street, Newtown Critical Dates: 1926 Existing Level of Significance: Local Proposed Heritage Overlay: HO

1.0 Statement of Significance

St John’s Lutheran Primary School, 31-61 Aberdeen Street, Newtown, has significance as a predominantly intact and locally rare example of an interwar School building in the City of Greater Geelong. Built in 1926 on land owned by the Church of England Grammer Preparatory School, it has served as a school until the present day (2008). The site and school building were initially part of the Church of England Grammar Preparatory School until the the early 1960s, with this building being opened in 1927 and from 1933 it was known as Bostock House, in memory of T.E. Bostock, well-known benefactor. Since 1962 the school building has served as St John’s Lutheran Primary School and now represents the only Lutheran school building in Geelong. Overall, St John’s School is in good condition. St John’s Lutheran School, 33-61 Aberdeen Street is architecturally significant at a Local level. One of few early 20th century and interwar private school buildings in Geelong, it demonstrates original design qualities for an interwar era school building. These qualities include the L form plan articulated by single storey hipped roof forms clad in terra cotta tiles. Other intact or appropriate qualities include the face red brick wall construction, timber framed double hung windows and timber entrance doors facing Aberdeen Street. St John’s Lutheran School, 33-61 Aberdeen Street, is historically significant at a Local level as it is associated with the initial development and progress of the Geelong Church of England Grammar Preparatory School from 1926 until the early 1960s, and with the St. John’s Lutheran Church from 1962 until the present day. from the early 20th century until early 1960’s and then with the first Lutheran Primary School in Geelong from 1962 to present day (2008). Overall, St. John’s Lutheran School, 33-61 Aberdeen Street, is of LOCAL significance.




2.0 Description St John’s Lutheran School, 31-61 Aberdeen Street, Newtown, is set on a substantial site bounded on three street frontages: Aberdeen Street, Pakington Street and Skene Street. The site also includes the school hall and other separate school buildings that have been constructed since the 1960’s together with recreational play areas fronting Aberdeen Street and Skene Street. The Aberdeen Street, Pakington Street and Skene Street boundaries of the site have timber paling and cyclone wire fencing. Between the school buildings and fronting onto Pakington Street and Aberdeen Street are open grassed areas with playground equipment. The single storey, face brick, interwar era St John’s School building is characterised by a L form plan. These roof forms are clad in early terra cotta tiles. A series of early paired galvanised steel ventilation stacks punctuate the roofline. What about the windows? You should add something about them here and in the SOS – also add something about the eaves. Condition Overall, the building appears to be in good condition.

3.0 History

Early Development of Geelong Grammar Preparatory School The Geelong Grammar Preparatory School had earlier commenced in Christ Church Hall, McKillop Street in 1924. This was in response to a strong demand by members of the Anglican community and Old Geelong Grammarians to re-establish a link between the School and Geelong which had been largely lost after the move of Geelong Grammar School to Corio in 1914. History of the Existing School Building Established in the former front garden of Rannock House (built c. 1855-58) in Aberdeen Street, the school building appears to have been designed by Buchan, Laird & Buchan in 1926 for the Geelong Grammar Preparatory School1. The foundation stone was laid by the Archbishop of Melbourne on the 9th June 1926 and the building opened in 1927. The first School Master/Principal? was Hamilton Lamb. He was succeeded in 1926 or 1927? by the Rev P H Dicker and his regime witnessed the building of the timber bungalow south of the site and the establishing of a small group of boarders. In 1933, Geelong Grammar School took over the Geelong Grammar Preparatory School, incorporating it within the general framework of the larger body, and re-naming it Bostock House, in memory of T E Bostock, a well-known benefactor and public-spirited man of the district. The Rev P H Dicker resigned at the end of 1933 to become Canon of the diocese of Wangaratta, and his successor, the Rev P A Wisewould saw an expansion in the boarding house which led to the leasing for four years of Northorpe2. The outbreak of war in 1939 saw the termination of this lease and additions were made to the bungalow to cope with the boarders.

1 It is possible that the building was designed by the firm of Buchan, Laird Buchan – Plans B78 “Church of England - Geelong Grammer School – Bostock House” are listed at the Geelong Heritage Centre however there is a note “File Missing” 2 City of Newtown and Chilwell Centenary 1858-1958, p. 22



The Rev P A Wisewould was succeeded in 1943 by the Rev E D Kent, who resigned in 1945 and was succeeded by W G L Cartwright until the early 1960s3. Development of St. John’s Lutheran School, Aberdeen Street When the Geelong Grammar preparatory school moved to their new site in Pigdons Road Highton in early 1960’s, St John’s Lutheran School established itself in the old Bostock House premises. The school commenced in February 1962 with fifty pupils, the school has since grown in enrolments to over 190 and added to its buildings in recent years4.

The Geelong Waterworks & Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage for c.1958 (Figure 1) shows the extent of the St. John’s Primary School and Hall buildings on the site at the time, together some additional school classroom buildings.

4.0 Comparative Analysis St. Mary’s Roman Catholic School, 162-190 Myers Street, Geelong built in 1919.

5.0 Condition Good

6.0 Integrity Predominantly intact although additions have been made over the past decades.



Extent of Heritage Overlay & Significance The HO apply to that part of the site occupied by the building footprint and the immediate surrounding land. Other Recommendations: Nil

8.0 References City of Newtown and Chilwell Centenary 1858-1958, City of Newtown and Chilwell, Newtown, 1958. City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books 1860-1950, digital copies on CD, Geelong Heritage Centre. Seaton, Gladys Model Borough: an Introduction to old Newtown and Chilwell, City of Newtown, Newtown, 1983.

3City of Newtown and Chilwell Centenary 1858-1958, p. 22

4 Gladys Seaton, Model Borough: An Introduction to old Newtown and Chilwell, p. 53.



Figure 1: Geelong Waterworks & Sewerage Trust Drainage Plan 071, c.1958. Source: Barwon Water.



“Karetha”

Address: 84 Aphrasia Street, Newtown Critical Dates: c. 1885 Existing Level of Significance: Local Proposed Heritage Overlay: HO

1.0 Statement of Significance ”Karetha”: at 84 Aphrasia Street, Newtown, has significance as a predominantly intact and representative example of the Victorian Italianate style in Newtown. Built in c. 1885 for William E Palmer the building appears to be in good condition when viewed from the street. ”Karetha” at 84 Aphrasia Street is architecturally significant at a LOCAL level (AHC D.2, E.1). It demonstrates original design qualities of the Victorian Italianate style. These qualities include the hipped roof form that traverses the site, together with the projecting bay window at the front and the front hipped bullnosed verandah. Other intact or appropriate qualities include the single storey height, asymmetrical composition, horizontal weatherboard wall cladding, galvanised corrugated steel roof cladding, rendered brick chimney, modest eaves with paired timber brackets and rectangular panels, timber framed double hung tripartite window under the front verandah, timber framed double hung bay windows front timber framed doorway with sidelights and highlights and the cast iron verandah columns and decorative cast iron verandah brackets and valances. “Karetha” represents an intact and representative example of its type in Newtown. ”Karetha” at 84 Aphrasia Street is historically significant at a LOCAL level (AHC A.4, H.1). It is associated with residential developments in Newtown in the second half of the 19th century. In particular, this house has associations with William E Palmer who was a plasterer, along with his father John Palmer who was also a plasterer who owned a number of properties nearby in Newtown and outside the region. Overall, ”Karetha” at 84 Aphrasia Street is of LOCAL significance.

2.0 Description “Karetha” at 84 Aphrasia Street is set on an average-sized allotment for the area. It has a modest front setback comprised open grassed areas with perimeter garden beds




and is also punctuated by some mature trees and shrubs. An introduced but appropriate timber picket fence and pedestrian gate form the front boundary. The single storey, asymmetrical horizontal weatherboard, Victorian Italianate styled detached house is characterised by a hipped roof form that traverses the site, together with a projecting bay window at the front and front hipped bullnosed verandah. These roof forms are clad in galvanised corrugated steel. An early rendered brick chimneys adorn the roofline. Modest overhangs with paired timber brackets and rectangular panels are features of the eaves. An early feature of the design is the projecting bay that has timber framed double hung windows. The other timber framed double hung tripartite window under the front verandah also appears to be early, as is the timber framed doorway with sidelights and highlights. The verandah has decorative cast iron valances and brackets and is supported by cast iron columns. Condition Overall, the building appears to be in good condition.

3.0 History

The site at 84 Aphrasia Street is located on Lot 1 of plan TP532801 which is part of Crown Allotment 2 (part), Section 7, County of Moorpanyal. No details of this property were available prior to 1895. In 1895-96, the City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books show William E Palmer, plasterer as the owner. The design of the house suggests that it was constructed prior to date and possibly in c.1885 for Palmer. The Geelong Waterworks & Sewerage Trust Field Books for c.1913 (Figure 1) shows the house was named “Karetha” at this time. There are existing rear outbuildings at this time. These outbuildings have subsequently been demolished and the dwelling has been extended at the rear in a manner that has not compromised its overall integrity. John Palmer and Elizabeth Marshman whose son William E Palmer owned the property, owned a number of properties in Newtown in the 19th century including “Esmond” Margaret Street, Newtown, Donaghues Paddock with stables in George Street, land known as Knights fronting Margaret Street and land known as Wyatts fronting Skene Street, Newtown.

4.0 Condition Good.

5.0 Integrity Predominantly intact.


External Paint Controls: No Internal Alteration Controls: No Tree Controls: No Outbuildings and/or Fences: No



7.0 References

City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books 1860-1950, digital copies on CD, Geelong Heritage Centre. Geelong Waterwork & Sewerage Trust Field Book 1913


Figure 1: Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Field Book 175-017 (Jan 1913).



Residence

Address: 86 Aphrasia Street, Newtown Critical Dates: 1931 Existing Level of Significance: Local Proposed Heritage Overlay: HO

1.0 Statement of Significance The house at 86 Aphrasia Street, has significance as a moderately intact example of the interwar Spanish Mission style, and is one of few notable examples of the style in Newtown. Built in 1931 for James F Young the building appears to be in good condition when viewed from the street. The stuccoed front boundary fence with open metal bays also contributes to the significance of the place. The house at 84 Aphrasia Street is architecturally significant at a LOCAL level (AHC D.2, E.1). It demonstrates original design qualities of an interwar Spanish Mission style. These qualities include the principal jerkin head roof form that traverses the site, together with hipped roof forms that project towards the front, including a central hipped verandah supported by a loggia featuring barley twist columns. Other intact or appropriate qualities include the elevated single storey height, roughcast wall construction, terra cotta tile roof cladding, elongated rectilinear chimneys, broad eaves with exposed timber rafters, bowed window behind the front loggia with timber framed double hung windows, other timber framed windows at the front and sides, front doorway, and the projecting stuccoed beam capped with cordova tiles to the west of the loggia. The stuccoed front fence with open metal bays also contributes to the significance of the place. The house at 86 Aphrasia Street is historically significant at a LOCAL level (AHC A.4). It is associated with notable residential development in Newtown during the interwar period. In particular, this house has associations with James F. Young.




Overall, the house at 86 Aphrasia Street is of LOCAL significance.

2.0 Description The residence at 86 Aphrasia Street is set on an average sized allotment for the area. It has a modest front setback comprised of open grassed areas with perimeter garden beds and has some mature trees and shrubs. The front boundary fence is original and is comprised of stuccoed plinth and piers with metal insert panels. The asymmetrical, elevated single storey (with attic), stuccoed, interwar Spanish Mission styled dwelling is characterised by a principal jerkin head roof form that traverses the site, together with hipped roof forms that project towards the front, including a central hipped verandah supported by a loggia featuring barley twist columns. These roof forms are clad in terra cotta tiles. Elongated rectilinear chimneys adorn the roofline. Broad overhangs with exposed timber rafters are features of the eaves. Other early features of the design included the bowed window behind the front loggia with timber framed double hung windows, other timber framed windows at the front and sides, front doorway, and the projecting stuccoed beam capped with cordova tiles to the west of the loggia.

3.0 History The site at 86 Aphrasia Street is located on Lot 1 TP 385015X which is part of Crown Allotment 2 (part), Section 7, County of Moorpanyal. The house at 86 Aphrasia Street was built in 1931, with the City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books listing James F Yound, farmer, as the owner. In 1950 Ernest Alsop is shown as the occupier.

4.0 Comparative Analysis Two other examples of interwar Spanish Mission design in Newtown are comparable with the dwelling at 86 Aphrasia Street. The similar Spanish Mission features include the hipped roof forms clad in terra cotta tiles, roughcast rendered wall construction and the arcaded loggias. These other examples are at 17 Aphrasia Street (built in the late 1920s) and 293 Pakington Street (built 1930-31). A more unusual example that has a direct affinity with Spanish Mission design in the U.S.A. is the Walbaringa Maisonettes building at 16-18 Eastern Beach, Geelong, built in 1928.

5.0 Condition Good.




Extent of Heritage Overlay & Significance


To the extent of the whole site. Other Recommendations: Nil.

8.0 References City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books 1860-1950, digital copies on CD, Geelong Heritage Centre. Geelong Waterworks & Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage 1930. Authentic Heritage Services Pty Ltd, C Citations Study, prepared for the City of Greater Geelong, 2002. R. Peterson, ‘Newtown Urban Conservation Study C Citations’, prepared for the City of Greater Geelong, vol.5a, 1996.


Figure 1: Geelong Waterworks & Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage No 4550A, c.1930. Source: Barwon Water.



Name “Weering”

Address: 92 Aphrasia Street, Newtown Critical Dates: c.1907-08 Existing Level of Significance: Local Proposed Heritage Overlay: HO


”Weering”: at 92 Aphrasia Street, Newtown, has significance as a predominantly intact and representative example of the transitional Late Victorian/Edwardian style in Newtown. Built in c. 1907/08 for James Palmer the building appears to be in good condition when viewed from the street. The building is located on a large allotment with ten other units. The subject house is located at the front of the site.

”Weering” at 92 Aphrasia Street is architecturally significant at a LOCAL level (AHC D.2, E.1). It demonstrates original design qualities of the transitional Late Victorian/Edwardian style. These qualities include the gable roof form, together with the front verandah that forms part of the roof. Other intact or appropriate qualities include the single storey height, asymmetrical composition, brick construction, slate roof cladding with terra cotta ridge capping, brick chimney, decorative timber valence, timber framed double hung window. “Weering” is an intact and representative example of its type.

”Weering” at 84 Aphrasia Street is historically significant at a LOCAL level (AHC A.4, H.1). It is associated with residential developments in Newtown in the early part of the 20

th century. In particular, this house has associations with James

Palmer who was a clerk, William E Palmer and his father John Palmer who were plasterers and who owned a number of properties nearby in Newtown and outside the region.

Overall, ”Weering” at 92 Aphrasia Street is of LOCAL significance.




2.0 Description

“Weering” at 92 Aphrasia Street is set on a large-sized allotment for the area. The original rear portion of the property has been subdivided and now contains 10 units. It has a modest front setback comprising a grassed area with perimeter garden beds and it is also punctuated by some mature trees and shrubs. The front boundary has an introduced fence comprised of brick piers with open bays of capped palisades between.

The asymmetrical, single storey, face brick, transitional Late Victorian/Edwardian styled house is characterised by a broad hipped roof form, together with a gable that projects towards the front and a broken back verandah along the east side. These roof forms are clad in slate and are adorned with terra cotta ridge decoration and finials. Early face brick chimneys with rendered tops and terra cotta pots adorn the roofline.

A notable early feature of the design is the side verandah, supported by turned timber posts with timber fretwork (having geometric patterning), timber brackets and the rising sun motif in the verandah end. Other early features of the design include the rendered horizontal banding on the walls and the rendered panel in the front gable, having an early segmentally arched window opening with timber framed casements arranged in a bank of three and with stained glass highlights above. The other windows and front doorway also appear to be early. Condition Overall, the building appears to be in good condition.

3.0 History

The site at 92 Aphrasia Street is located on Volume 9764 Folio 703 which is part of Crown Allotment 2 (part), Section 7, County of Moorpanyal.

In 1906-07, the City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books show James Palmer, clerk as the owner of the house which is under construction. In 1907-08 the rate books show a brick cottage of 7 rooms with a NAV of ₤35. The Geelong Waterworks & Sewerage Trust Field Books for c.1913 (Figure 1) shows the house was named “Weering” at this time. There are existing rear outbuildings at this time. These outbuildings have subsequently been demolished and new units constructed at the rear of the site. John Palmer and Elizabeth Marshman whose sone James Palmer Owned the property, owned a number of properties in Newtown in the 19

th century including

“Esmond” Margaret Street, Newtown, Donaghues Paddock with stables in George Street, land known as Knights fronting Margaret Street and land known as Wyatts fronting Skene Street, Newtown. His brother William E Palmer owned the nearby property at 84 Aphrasia Street known as “Karetha”.

4.0 Condition Good


5.0 Integrity Predominantly intact

6.0 Recommendations Heritage Overlay Schedule Controls External Paint Controls: Yes Internal Alteration Controls: No Tree Controls: No Outbuildings and/or Fences: No Extent of Heritage Overlay & Significance The extent of the house and land surrounding from the front boundary line but excluding the rear units.

7.0 References

City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books 1860-1950, digital copies on CD, Geelong Heritage Centre.

State Library of Victoria web site images www.slv.vic.gov.au

Geelong Waterworks & Sewerage Field Book Plan 1913


Figure 1: Geelong Waterworks & Sewerage Field Book Plan, 175-018 Jan 1913. Source: Barwon Water.


http://www.slv.vic.gov.au/


Figure 2: Sacred Heart College and Convent, Newtown. Photo shows in the background shows the east view of 92 Aphrasia Street in c. 1927: Source: State Library of Victoria Accession Number H91.160 Image Number ai000912.



Name: Semi-Detached Dwellings Address: 35 and 37 Cumberland Street, Newtown Critical Dates: c. 1912-16 Existing Level of Significance: Local Proposed Heritage Overlay: HO

35 Cumberland Street 37 Cumberland Street


The semi-detached dwellings at 35-37 Cumberland Street, have significance as a rare known surviving example of a Federation era duplex in Newtown, and as a predominantly intact local example of a rudimentary Federation style. Built between 1912 and 1916 by William Murphy, bricklayer and original owner, the dwellings appear to be in good condition when viewed from the street. The semi-detached dwellings at 35-37 Cumberland Street are architecturally significant at a LOCAL level (AHC D.2). They are a rare known surviving example of a Federation era duplex in Newtown and they demonstrate original design qualities of a rudimentary Federation style. These qualities include the parapeted gable roof form that traverses the site, together with the broken back verandahs that project towards the street frontage. Other intact or appropriate qualities include the corrugated profile sheet metal roof cladding, brick wall construction, overall symmetrical composition, single storey height, brick chimney with terra cotta pots, central brick party wall, timber framed double hung windows, side timber framed doorways with transoms and the timber verandah posts and curved solid timber valances. The semi-detached dwellings at 35-37 Cumberland Street, are historically significant at a LOCAL level (AHC A.4, H.1). They are associated with the more modestly-scaled residential developments in Newtown in the early 20th century. Built between c.1912 and 1916, they also have associations with the Geelong bricklayer and builder, William Murphy. The original owner, Murphy was responsible for the construction of a number of dwellings in Newtown and Drumcondra during the Federation era. Overall, the semi-detached dwellings at 35-37 Cumberland Street are of LOCAL significance.

2.0 Description The semi-detached dwellings at 35-37 Cumberland Street are set on small sized allotments. They have modest front setbacks comprising open grassed areas with




perimeter garden beds and some mature trees and shrubs. Along the front boundaries are timber post and woven wire and timber picket fences respectively. The symmetrical, single storey, rudimentary Federation styled duplex is characterised by a parapeted gable roof form that traverses the site, together with broken back verandahs that project towards the street frontage. At the rear are gabled wings. These roof forms are clad in corrugated sheet metal. An early brick chimney with terra cotta pots adorns the roofline. The roofline is also interrupted by a central projecting brick party wall that separates the two dwellings. The dwelling 37 Cumberland Street has introduced overpainting to the brickwork. Other early features of the design include the timber framed double hung windows, side timber framed doorways with transoms and the timber verandah posts and curved solid timber valances.

3.0 History The site at 35 Cumberland Street is located on Lot 1 of plan TP116861L and No. 37 is located on Vol 9741 Folio 951, forming part of Crown Allotment 6 (part), Section 7, Parish of Moorpanyal. Construction of the dwellings at 35-37 Cumberland Street had commenced by 1912, as the Geelong Waterworks & Sewerage Trust Field Book plan for that year shows the outline of the duplex and that the brick foundations had been laid (Figure 1). The Field Book plan also reveals that the building was “two new houses”. The Plan further states that the installation of the sewerage connections had been cancelled. This suggests that there was a delay in the completion of the building. Owned by William Murphy, bricklayer, the dwellings were not completed until 1915-16, when the City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books described them as “new” brick cottages. At this time, Murphy (who was probably responsible for their construction) leased the cottage at 35 Cumberland Street to Robert Frederick Dean, a labourer, while the dwelling at 37 Cumberland Street was leased to Denis Augustine Murphy, bricklayer, possibly William Murphy’s son. By 1919-20, Dean had purchased the property at 35 Cumberland Street, while Denis Murphy had taken ownership of 37 Cumberland Street. Changes to the duplex were largely confined to the rear during the 20th century. The Geelong Waterworks & Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage for 1964 (Figure 2) shows the extent of the duplex at this time.

4.0 Comparative Analysis The dwellings at 35-37 Cumberland Street represent an uncommon example of Federation era buildings in Newtown. The only other known duplex identified by a heritage overlay in Newtown is the semi-detached Edwardian styled timber dwellings at 11-13 Virginia Street. Built in 1903-04, this asymmetrically composed duplex features a hipped roof form that traverses the site, with a projecting minor gable to the dwelling at 11 Virginia Street. The dwellings feature front convex verandahs with timber fretwork and turned timber posts (the verandah to the dwelling at 13 Virginia Street returns along the side).

5.0 Condition Good.






Extent of Heritage Overlay & Significance The HO apply to the whole of each property. Other Recommendations: Opportunities are available to remove the introduced overpainting to the brickwork at 37 Cumberland Street, using approved chemical method.

8.0 References City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books 1860-1950, digital copies on CD, Geelong Heritage Centre. Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Field Book 167-009 (Nov 1912). Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage NN5410 (1964). R. Peterson, ‘Newtown Urban Conservation Study C Citations’, vol. 5b, 1997. Aitken, Honman & Huddle, ‘City of Geelong West Urban Conservation Study’, vol.2, prepared for the City of Geelong West, 1986.



Figure 1: Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Field Book 167-009 (Nov 1912). Source: Barwon Water

Figure 2: Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage (1964). Source: Barwon Water.



Name: Residence Address: 39 Cumberland Street, Newtown Critical Dates: 1926-27 Existing Level of Significance: Local Proposed Heritage Overlay: HO


The dwelling at 39 Cumberland Street, has significance as a predominantly intact and representative example of an interwar Bungalow styled dwelling in Newtown. Built in 1926-27 by the local bricklayer, William Murphy, the dwelling epitomizes the modestly-scaled Bungalows constructed in Newtown during the interwar period, although its almost-complete face brick construction is unusual. The dwelling appears to be in good condition when viewed from the street. The low solid brick front fence also contributes to the significance of the place. The dwelling at 39 Cumberland Street is architecturally significant at a LOCAL level (AHC D.2). It demonstrates original design qualities of an interwar Bungalow style. These qualities include the gable roof form that traverses the site, together with the gable roof and hipped broken back verandah that project towards the street frontage. Other intact or appropriate qualities include the asymmetrical composition, single storey height, face brick wall construction, corrugated sheet metal roof cladding, two brick chimneys with soldier-coursed tops and projecting cappings and terra cotta pots, broad eaves with exposed timber rafters, brick verandah piers with soldier-coursed tops (and rounded corners to smaller piers), soldier course wall banding, timber framed double hung windows, bracketed timber window hood over the front windows and the front timber framed door opening with sidelight. The low solid brick front fence also contributes to the architectural significance of the place.




The dwelling at 39 Cumberland Street, is historically significant at a LOCAL level (AHC A.4, H.1). It is associated with residential developments in Newtown during the interwar period when a substantial number of large and modestly-scaled Bungalows were built in the area. The dwelling also has associations with the original owner bricklayer, William Murphy, who was probably involved in its construction. Overall, the dwelling at 39 Cumberland Street is of LOCAL significance.

2.0 Description The dwelling at 39 Cumberland Street is set on an average-sized allotment for the street. It has a small front setback comprising an open grassed area with perimeter garden beds. An early and low solid brick fence forms the front boundary. The asymmetrical, single storey, brick interwar Bungalow styled dwelling is characterised by a gable roof form that traverses the site, together with a gable roof and hipped broken back verandah that project towards the street frontage. These roof forms are clad in corrugated sheet metal. At the rear of the dwelling are substantial two storey additions that have no visual impact on the presentation of the property from the front. Two early brick chimneys with soldier-coursed tops and projecting cappings and terra cotta pots adorn the roofline. Broad overhangs with exposed timber rafters are features of the eaves. An early feature of the design is the front verandah. It is supported by brick piers with soldier-coursed tops which in turn support squat brick piers having rounded corners and soldier-coursed tops. Soldier coursing also forms decorative horizontal banding at the window sill levels and in the gable end. Other early features of the design include the timber framed double hung windows, bracketed timber window hood over the front windows and the front timber framed door opening with sidelight.

3.0 History The site at 39 Cumberland Street is located on Lot 1 of plan TP392747N which is part of Crown Allotment 6 (part), Section 7, Parish of Moorpanyal. The earliest-known graphic record of the site is in 1912, when it was included in the Geelong Waterworks & Sewerage Trust Field Book largely as vacant land but with a small outbuilding on the rear (Blessington Street) frontage. The existing dwelling on the site was built in 1926-27 for William Murphy, who was possibly involved in its construction given that he was a bricklayer. Murphy also owned the neighbouring duplex at 35-37 Cumberland, which he had built in c.1915-16. An outline of the subject dwelling is shown in the Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage initially prepared in c.1927 (Figure 1). At the time of its completion, the Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books list the occupier at 39 Cumberland Street as Reginald McKenzie Cook, a teacher. By 1935 Annie M James, home duties is shown as the owner.

4.0 Comparative Analysis The dwelling at 39 Cumberland Street represents a modest and yet notable intact example of a brick interwar Bungalow in Newtown. There are numerous examples of Bungalow types in the area, a comparable example being at 11 Stinton Avenue, built in 1930-31. This dwelling has a similar composition, but with a main hipped roof and the front verandah is supported by paired concrete columns.


5.0 Condition Good.



External Paint Controls: Yes Internal Alteration Controls: No Tree Controls: No Outbuildings and/or Fences: Yes- front fence


8.0 References City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books 1860-1950, digital copies on CD, Geelong Heritage Centre. Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Field Book 167-008 (Nov 1912). Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Field Book 167-009 (Nov 1912). Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage NN7199 (1966).


Figure 1: Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Plan of Drainage NN7199, c.1927, (later over tracing, 1966). Source: Barwon Water.



Name: ’Borrodale’ Address: 318 Latrobe Terrace, Newtown Critical Dates: c. 1870 Existing Level of Significance: Local Proposed Heritage Overlay: HO

1.0 Statement of Significance ’Borrodale’ at 318 Latrobe Terrace, has significance as a predominantly intact and unusual example of a Victorian Eclectic style in Newtown, having a strong affinity with the more substantially-scaled dwellings at 274 Latrobe Terrace and 15 Talbot Street, Newtown, designed by the Geelong architect, Joseph Shaw. Possibly built in c.1870, ‘Borrodale’ appears to be in good condition when viewed from the street. ’Borrodale’ at 318 Latrobe Terrace is architecturally significant at a LOCAL level (AHC D.2, E.1). It demonstrates original and unusual design qualities of a Victorian Eclectic style. These qualities include the hipped roof form, together with the rear double hipped (M) roofs, central round-arched and barrel-vaulted entrance with projecting vestigial capital mouldings and the polychrome brick wall construction. Other intact or appropriate qualities include the single storey height, symmetrical composition, slate roof construction, polychrome brick chimney with a dentillated top, narrow dentillated eaves, front timber door opening with fanlight above and the flanking timber framed, 12 paned double hung windows. ’Borrodale’ at 318 Latrobe Terrace, is historically significant at a LOCAL level (AHC A.4). It is a physical legacy of the smaller-scaled residential developments in this part of Newtown in the c.1870s. Overall, ’Borrodale’ at 318 Latrobe Terrace is of LOCAL significance.




2.0 Description The dwelling at 318 Latrobe Terrace is set on a contextually small allotment for the area with the original side and rear portions of the site having been subdivided in the 20th century. There is a modest front setback with a high introduced front ripple iron fence with cast iron fretwork capping. The symmetrical, single storey, polychrome brick, Victorian Eclectic styled dwelling is characterised by a hipped roof form, together with rear early double hipped (M) roofs and also later rear additions. The early roof forms are clad in slate. An early polychrome brick chimney with a dentillated top adorns the roofline. The dentillated narrow eaves are also early. An early feature of the design is the polychrome brick wall construction, with the building corners and openings highlighted by light quoinwork and voussoirs. Of particular interest is the central round-arched and barrel-vaulted entrance opening with projecting vestigial capital mouldings at the springing of the arch. Within the entrance is an early timber door opening with fanlight above. The flanking timber framed 12 paned double hung windows are also early. The early hipped convex front verandah has been removed. Physical evidence of the location and form of the verandah is shown above the windows and entrance opening on the main façade.

3.0 History

The site at 318 Latrobe Terrace is located on Lot 1 of plan TP23210X which is part of Crown Allotment 4 (part), Section 2, Parish of Moorpanyal. The Victorian Eclectic design and construction of the dwelling at 318 Latrobe Terrace suggests that it was constructed in c.1870. No documentary evidence for its construction has been ascertained before 1895-96, when the City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books list Henry Calhoun as the owner, the occupier being George Charles Eves, engraver. Calhoun continued to own the property for the next 6 years, but in 1902-03, James Ponton is identified as the owner, with Edward Stratton Clarke, agent, as occupier. In 1910-11, Hannah Ponton was owner and it was at this time when the dwelling was known as ‘Borrodale’. The Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Field Book plan for 1912 shows an outline of the dwelling, having a recessed central entrance porch and a verandah across the front. At the rear were timber outbuildings, including a bathroom and shed.

4.0 Comparative Analysis The design and detailing of ‘Borrodale’ at 318 Latrobe Terrace has a remarkable affinity with the work of the Geelong architect, Joseph L. Shaw, in the early 1870s. In particular, his design of the two storey ‘Allington’ at 274 Latrobe Terrace, built in 1872, shares a similar central arched brick entrance opening, with the springing of the arch denoted by the projecting capital mouldings. The polychrome brick construction and elaboration of building corners and openings – and particularly the dichromatic brick voussoirs to the first floor windows, represent other close similarities. Similar construction detailing is also identified on another of Shaw’s works, All Saint’s Church Parsonage, at 15 Talbot Street (also two storeys), built in 1872. It is therefore possible that Shaw was responsible for the design of ‘Borrodale’.

5.0 Condition Good.



6.0 Integrity Moderate-High Integrity. The front verandah has been removed. Evidence of the verandah existed at an early time is shown on the Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Plan of Drainage 032-015 (Jan 1912) (Figure 1).



Extent of Heritage Overlay & Significance The HO apply to the whole of the site. Other Recommendations: Opportunities are available to reconstruct the hipped convex verandah at the front of the dwelling, using the existing physical evidence as a guide in relation to the form and location. The verandah detailing (posts and cast iron decoration) could be based on the verandah at All Saint’s Church Parsonage, 15 Talbot Street, which is of similar overall design.

8.0 References City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books 1860-1950, digital copies on CD, Geelong Heritage Centre. Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage 032_015 (Jan 1912). D. Rowe, ‘Architecture of Geelong 1860-1900’, B. Arch. Thesis, Deakin University, 1991. Sands and McDougall’s Directory, 1904, 1914, 1938 & 1950.



Figure 1: Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage 032_015 (Jan 1912). Source: Barwon Water.



Name: Commercial Building Address: 364-366 Latrobe Terrace, Newtown Critical Dates: 1911 & 1917 Existing Level of Significance: Local Proposed Heritage Overlay: HO

1.0 Statement of Significance The commercial building at 364-366 Latrobe Terrace, has significance as a moderately intact Federation styled building in Newtown, reflecting commercial development in this locality in the early 20th century. The building is representative of Federation era commercial buildings constructed in Geelong at the time, being comparable to a select number of buildings in the central business district. Built in 1911 and probably substantially extended to reflect its current character and appearance in 1917, the building appears to be in good condition when viewed from the street. The commercial building at 364-366 Latrobe Terrace is architecturally significant at a LOCAL level (AHC D.2). Although partially altered, it still demonstrates original design qualities of a Federation style. These qualities include a prominent parapet having a central curvilinear bay, concrete cappings and flanking parapet piers with projecting cornices and crowning by orbs, symmetrical composition and the two storey height. Other intact or appropriate qualities include the brick and render wall construction, parapeted gable roof form clad in corrugated sheet metal, vertical motifs and lower projecting cornices to the parapet piers, elaborate panel with the date “1917” in the central curvilinear parapet motif, paired timber framed double hung first floor windows with 6 paned upper sashes and two paned lower sashes, and the central incised first floor vertical motif.




The commercial building at 364-366 Latrobe Terrace, is historically significant at a LOCAL level (AHC A.4). It is a physical legacy of commercial development in this part of Newtown in the early 20th century. Initially built in 1911 and probably substantially extended in 1917 (to reflect its current character), the building served as a confectioner’s and fruit shop until at least 1950. Overall, the commercial building at 364-366 Latrobe Terrace is of LOCAL significance.

2.0 Description The symmetrical, two storey, brick and render, Federation styled commercial building at 364-366 Latrobe Terrace, Newtown, is characterised by a prominent parapet having a central curvilinear bay, concrete cappings and flanking parapet piers with projecting cornices and crowned by orbs. These piers have further geometric elaboration including vertical motifs and lower projecting cornices. Within the central curvilinear bay is an elaborate panel with the date “1917”. Behind the parapet is a gable roof form clad in corrugated sheet metal. Below the parapet on the first floor are early paired timber framed double hung windows having 6 paned upper sashes and two paned lower sashes. There is also a central, incised vertical motif. Below the introduced cantilevering verandah are introduced metal framed shopfront windows although a portion of the window openings may be early. There is also an introduced door. At the rear of the building is a single storey wing that is connected to a hipped outbuilding that appears to date from 1911, as it appears on the Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Field Book plan for that year (see following).

3.0 History The site at 364-366 Latrobe Terrace is located on Lot 1 of plan TP23210X which is part of Crown Allotment 4 (part), Section 2, Parish of Moorpanyal. In 1909-10, the Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books identify a brick shop and dwelling at 364-366 Latrobe Terrace, Newtown, owned by Robert Ellis Oldfield and occupied by James George Daley, a fruiterer. In 1911-12, the Rate Books list Thomas Horwood as owner of a brick shop having a “double front”. This double-fronted shop building had been constructed in 1911, as the Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Field Book plan for that year identified the two shops as being “new” (Figure 1). The plan also showed two sheds and a stables building at the rear. At least one of the shops continued to be occupied by James Daley. In 1917-18, the Rate Books reveal a substantial increase in the net annual value of the building from £28 to £45. This suggests that the building had been substantially altered and extended at this time, probably incorporating two storey additions, creating the building that survives today. This claim is further supported by the date “1917” being displayed on the building. These works appear to have been at the instigation of the new owner, Percy S. Naylen. He sold the building to Felice Bongiorno, a confectioner and fruiter in 1921. Bongiorno operated his business from this location until at least 1950.

4.0 Comparative Analysis The design of the two storey Federation styled building at 364-366 Latrobe Terrace is comparable to a number of Federation era commercial buildings constructed in central Geelong in the early 20th century. A large number of these comparable buildings are



identified by heritage overlays and have substantially altered or introduced ground floor shopfronts. These buildings include:

• Former Bell’s Building, 188-192 Ryrie Street, Geelong: built in 1914 to a design by the Geelong architects, Laird and Buchan.

• Fletcher Jones Building, 160-162 Moorabool Street, Geelong: built in c.1915. • Shops, 184-186 Moorabool Street, Geelong: built before 1911. • Commercial buildings, 229-231 Moorabool Street, Geelong: built in 1911-12.

Other comparable shops that have now been substantially altered and which featured in News of the Week in 1911 include the former Weddell and Rich building at 132 Moorabool Street and the former Mathews Bros. Butchers shop at 164 Moorabool Street.

5.0 Condition Good.

6.0 Integrity Moderate Integrity. The ground floor shopfronts have been introduced, as has the projecting cantilevered verandah. The overpainting to the non-rendered portions of the front façade also appears to have been introduced.



Extent of Heritage Overlay & Significance The HO apply to the whole of the site. Other Recommendations: Opportunities may be available to:

• Remove any introduced overpainting on the front façade (using approved chemical method).

• Replace the introduced ground floor shopfront with a reconstructed Federation era shopfront using any historical photographs of the building (or early photographs of comparable buildings that featured in News of the Week in 1911) as a guide.

• Replace the introduced cantilevering verandah with a post-supported convex verandah using any historical photographs of the building (or early photographs of comparable buildings that featured in News of the Week in 1911) as a guide.

8.0 References

City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books 1860-1950, digital copies on CD, Geelong Heritage Centre. Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage 102_012 (Dec 1911). D. Rowe & W. Jacobs, ‘Geelong Verandah Study’, prepared for the City of Greater Geelong, August 2006. D. Rowe, ‘Geelong C Citations’ Study, prepared for the City of Greater Geelong, 2002.



Figure 1: Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage 102_012 (Dec 1911). Source: Barwon Water.



Name: Former Salvation Army Hall Address: 18 Marshall Street, Newtown Critical Dates: 1889 Existing Level of Significance: Local Proposed Heritage Overlay: HO


The former Salvation Army Hall at 18 Marshall Street, Newtown, has significance as the earliest surviving purpose-built Salvation Army building and as one of few examples of a Victorian Tudor style in the Greater Geelong municipality. Built in 1889 to a design by the Melbourne architect, William Rain, progenitor of a number of Salvation Army barracks in the late 1880s, the building served the Salvation Army in Chilwell until the early 1980s. The former Salvation Army Hall appears to be in good condition and of moderate-high integrity when viewed from the street. The former Salvation Army Hall at 18 Marshall Street is architecturally significant at a LOCAL level (AHC D.2, E.1). Although partly altered, it demonstrates original design qualities of a Victorian Tudor style, representing a rare example of its type in the Greater Geelong area. These qualities include the main front façade with slightly recessive central gabled bay and flanking projecting pavilions with battlemented parapets, together with the gable roof behind. Other intact or appropriate qualities include the brick wall construction, corrugated profile sheet metal roof cladding, rendered dressings (quoinwork, stringcourses, signage panel, window and door heads – but not the overpainting), pointed window and door heads, timber framed double hung windows, oculus ventilator in the gable end (with label mould above) and the side projecting buttresses and some window openings. The former Salvation Army Hall at 18 Marshall Street, is historically significant at a LOCAL level (AHC A.4, H.1). It is associated with the development of the Salvation Prepared by City of Greater Geelong 54



Army in Newtown from 1889 until the early 1980s and is a physical legacy of the aspirations and ideology of the non-conformist Christian denomination in the late 19th century. The building also has associations with the Melbourne architect, William Rain, who was responsible for the designs of at least 6 other Salvation Army barracks in the late 1880s. Overall, the former Salvation Army Hall at 18 Marshall Street is of LOCAL significance.

2.0 Description The former Salvation Army hall at 18 Marshall Street is set on an average sized allotment for the area. It has a contextually small front setback with an introduced front fence comprised of pointed rendered piers with bays of cast iron palisades between. The symmetrical, unpainted brick, Victorian Tudor styled former Salvation Army hall has a front façade featuring a slightly recessive central gabled bay and flanking projecting pavilions with battlemented parapets. These parapets, together with the other original cement rendered dressings (quoinwork, stringcourses, signage panel, window and door heads) have introduced overpainting. Behind the main façade is a gable roof form clad in corrugated profile sheet metal. Other features of the design include the pointed window and door openings, timber framed double hung windows, oculus ventilator in the gable end (with label mould above) and the side projecting buttresses and some window openings. The vertically-boarded timber doors and triangular transom above have been introduced within the original door opening. At the rear are also later additions. At the side, some of the first floor windows appear to have been bricked up and/or altered.

3.0 History Origins of the Salvation Army Victoria The Salvation Army was introduced in South Australia in 1880 and commenced in Melbourne in December 1882. Its founder was William Booth, previous minister of the Methodist New Connexion, who left his post to carry out evangelistic work in London. Establishing the East London Christian Mission in 1867, it transformed into the Salvation Army in 1878 under the autocratic rule of Booth as its General. The new non-conformist Christian protestant denomination abandoned the observance of the two sacraments of baptism and Holy Communion. According to Miles Lewis in Victorian Churches:

“Much of the Army’s evangelistic work was conducted in the open air, but in the early days they led their followers to services in hired buildings and halls. They carried the military metaphor over into the buildings they erected as their headquarters and meeting places. Inside they were spartan with the penitent-form before the platform as the central feature. General Booth saw the role of the Salvation Army exclusively as the saving of souls until 1890, when he adopted the social welfare programme for which the Army is now renowned. The Army’s social work began in Melbourne before that date.”

Geelong On 24 September 1883, a group of 30 Melbourne Salvationalists arrived in Geelong and marched to the Mechanics Institute Hall where meetings were first held. Later in 1883, the Salvation Army established a Citadel in the former Royal Hotel in Malop Street. The hotel was subsequently purchased in 1887 and in 1915 the building was replaced with the Young Peoples’ Hall. Further alterations occurred in 1940 and in 1958 a “modern” façade was constructed across the entire Malop Street frontage. In February 1966, the



buildings were sold to Coles New World Supermarket (now Officeworks) and new Army headquarters were constructed at the corner of Malop and Swanston Streets. Development of the Salvation Army Barracks in Newtown The site at 18 Marshall Street is located on Lot S2 of plan PS306561D which forms part of Crown Allotment 3 (part), Section 3, Parish of Moorpanyal. In late 1888, the Melbourne architect, William Rain, designed a Victorian Tudor styled brick hall at the Salvation Army Barracks site in Marshall Street. Tenders were called for its construction on 15 December 1888 (with the barracks being incorrectly described as located in South Geelong). On 19 January 1889, the foundation stone for the building was laid by the Geelong Mayor, Mr W. Humble. Tenders for building works were again called by Rain on 26 January 1889. The hall at the Marshall Street barracks was officially opened by Commissioner Thomas Henry Howard in April 1889. Captain and Mrs Clark were the first officers to be appointed. The Chilwell Corps was the 303rd corps to be opened in Australia. Officers associated with the Marshall Street barracks include:

1889 Capt Edward Clark 1889 Capt Robert Prowse 1890 Capt Francis Carr 1890 Capt Charles L Taylor 1891 Capt Henry Swift 1891 Capt Cornelius Tonks 1892 Capt Julia Lear 1892 Capt August Anderson 1893 Capt George Kyme 1894 Capt Emily Spence 1894 Capt Amos N Harris 1894 Capt Betsie Chester 1895 Capt Maggie Milligan 1895 Capt Annie E Johnson 1896 Capt Edith Blackburn 1897 Capt James E Martin 1898 Capt A James Hall 1898 Capt Hector Morrison 1900 Capt Emma Stokes 1900 Capt Flora Robinson 1900 Capt Charlotte Gardner

An outline of the Salvation Army hall is shown in the Geelong Waterworks & Sewerage Trust Field Book for 1911 (Figure 1). In 1916, a hall was built at the rear of the property at a cost of £383. Services at the Marshall Street barracks continued throughout the 20th century until the corps closed in the early 1980s. A photograph around this time shows the symmetrical Victorian Tudor styled brick building featuring a central recessed gabled bay with flanking projecting battlemented pavilions, rendered quoinwork, pointed windows and door opening, oculus ventilator in the gable end and an incised signage panel above the front door that read “Salvation Army Barracks”. The windows and doors had been boarded over from the inside and the original timber doors at the front had been replaced with glazed doors. The front had an early flat timber picket fence punctuated by projecting timber posts. After the early 1980s the Marshall Street barracks was used as a second hand cloth sorting depot for the Army’s charity activities. In January 1989, the hall was sold and



converted into a two bedroom townhouse by Jack Lee. In 1997, the rear hall was also sold and converted to a residential use.

4.0 Comparative Analysis Other Late Victorian Salvation Army Barracks in Victoria & N.S.W. Between 1887 and 1889, the Melbourne architect William Rain was responsible for designing 6 other Salvation Army Barracks throughout Victoria and New South Wales, a time when the Salvation Army initially expanded. These other barracks were at:

• Footscray (1887). • Wagga Wagga (1888). • Mudgee (1889). • Ararat (1889 – constructed at the same time as the Marshall Street building). • Albury (1889 – constructed at the same time as the Marshall Street building). • Collingwood (1889).

Rain was also responsible for the design of a Lecture Hall at the Salvation Army Training Home in Richmond in 1889. Other Early Salvation Army Buildings in Geelong The only other surviving purpose-built Salvation Army building that dates from an early period is the former Salvation Army Citadel at 7-9 Clarence Street, Geelong West. It was built between c.1920 and 1928 as gabled timber hall. Other Victorian Tudor Styled Buildings in Greater Geelong The former Salvation Army hall at 18 Marshall Street represents one of very few surviving examples of Victorian Tudor design in the Greater Geelong municipality. There are only approximately two other buildings in Geelong with Victorian Tudor references. These buildings are:

• Dining Hall Wing, Former Geelong Grammar School, 55 Maud Street, built 1857-58.

• Former Free Church School & Master’s Residence, built c.1860s. Both the above buildings are not directly comparable to the former Salvation Army hall.

5.0 Condition Good.







8.0 References City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books 1860-1950, digital copies on CD, Geelong Heritage Centre. Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Plan of Drainage 089_016 (1911). Margaret Frewin & Lorraine Phelan, Churches of Geelong & District Vol 1 Pre-1900 Geelong & District, Geelong Family History Group Inc., Geelong, 2003, p. 117. Wynd photograph collection, Geelong Heritage Centre. M. Lewis (ed.), Victorian Churches: their origins, their story and their architecture, National Trust of Australia (Victoria), Melbourne, 1991. M. Lewis (ed.), Australian Architectural Index, revd. edn., University of Melbourne, 2000. W.R. Brownhill & I. Wynd, History of Geelong & Corio Bay With Postscript 1955-1990, Geelong Advertiser, Geelong, 1990. ‘Former Geelong Grammar School, H188’ & ‘Former St. Giles Church & Free School Church, H633’, Victorian Heritage Database online, www. heritage.vic.gov.au, September 2008. Aitken, Honman & Huddle, ‘City of Geelong West Urban Conservation Study’, prepared for the City of Geelong West, vol. 2, 1986.



Figure 1: Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Plan of Drainage 089_016 (1911). Source: Barwon Water.

Figure 2: Front view of Salvation Army Barracks, Marshall Street- undated. Source: Wynd p01r01 fo2.



Name: Residence Address: 8 Mercer Parade, Newtown Critical Dates: 1923-24 Existing Level of Significance: Local Proposed Heritage Overlay: HO

1.0 Statement of Significance The dwelling at 8 Mercer Parade, has significance as a predominantly intact and representative example of an interwar Arts and Crafts Bungalow style in Newtown. Built in 1923-24 by the locally well-known builder, William Purnell, the dwelling appears to be in good condition when viewed from the street. The dwelling at 8 Mercer Parade is architecturally significant at a LOCAL level (AHC D.2,). It demonstrates original design qualities of an interwar Arts and Crafts Bungalow style, being a representative example of this type of dwelling in Newtown. These qualities include the broad gable roof form, together with the recessive minor attic gables that project at the side and the skillion verandah that encloses the main entrance on the east (side) façade. Other intact or appropriate qualities include the asymmetrical composition, single storey appearance, face red brick wall construction, face red brick chimneys, broad eaves, corrugated sheet metal roof cladding, timber framed double hung windows, rendered and timber weatherboard gable infill and the paired timber posts supporting the verandah. The dwelling at 8 Mercer Parade is historically significant at a LOCAL level (AHC A.4, H.1). It is a physical embodiment of the substantial residential developments that occurred in Newtown during the interwar period. Built in 1923-24, the dwelling has associations with the locally well-known builder, William Purnell, who, with his family,




was responsible for the construction (and design) of a number of houses in Newtown from the late 19th century. Overall, the dwelling at 8 Mercer Parade is of LOCAL significance.

2.0 Description The dwelling at 8 Mercer Parade is set on a contextually large sized allotment for the area, having a substantial front setback and one wide side setback. The dwelling is set within landscaped grounds with mature trees, open grassed areas and perimeter garden beds. There is an outbuilding at the rear of the site. At the front is a high, introduced capped timber paling fence. The asymmetrical, face red brick, interwar Arts and Crafts Bungalow styled dwelling is characterized by a broad gable roof form, together with recessive minor attic gables that project at the side and a skillion verandah that encloses the main entrance on the east (side) façade. These roof forms have an affinity with Federation era dwellings and are clad in corrugated sheet metal. Early face red brick chimneys adorn the roofline. Broad overhangs are features of the eaves. The Mercer Parade elevation features timber framed double hung windows arranged singularly and in pairs. The central single window opening appears to have been altered from a double opening, given that the early concrete lintel extends across to the east. The pair of windows in the south-east corner may have been introduced. Within the gable is an early pair of timber framed double hung windows. Other early features of the design include the rendered and timber weatherboard gable infill and the paired timber posts supporting the verandah.

3.0 History The Dwelling The site at 8 Mercer Parade is located on Lot 1 of plan TP238597U and Lot 1 of TP847458N which is part of Crown Allotment 8 (part), Section 7, Parish of Moorpanyal. This dwelling was built in 1923-1924 by William Purnell, builder, as listed in the City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books. An outline of the dwelling about this time is shown in the Geelong Waterworks & Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage NN5763 (Figure 1). In 1930 the rate books list J E and H C Robertson as the owners and Lena Parsons, home duties as the occupier. William Purnell William Purnell (junior) was the son of William Purnell, a local builder in Newtown who established Purnell and Sons, Builders, in 1875. From the 1880s, the firm consisted of William Purnell (senior), builder; William Purnell (junior), carpenter; Alexander Purnell, carpenter; and Robert Purnell, bookkeeper. The building business was continued by William junior, upon the death of William senior in 1905. A timber mill was established in Ryrie Street and it was in a building on the site where another brother, Fred, had his architectural office.

4.0 Comparative Analysis Within Newtown are a substantial number of Bungalows of the Federation and interwar eras. A select number of those comparable with the dwelling at 8 Mercer Parade includes those at:

• 104 Nicholas Street (built c.1926).



• 23 Aberdeen Street (built c.1916-17). • 21 Aberdeen Street (built c.1918-19). • 27 Aberdeen Street (built c.1915-16)

5.0 Condition

Good.





8.0 References City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books 1860-1950, digital copies on CD, Geelong Heritage Centre. D. Rowe, 'Federation Architects in Geelong', talk presented to the Geelong Historical Society, 2003. R. Aitken, ‘Edwardian Geelong: An Architectural Introduction’, Architectural Thesis, Deakin University, 1979. For God, Home and Humanity; a History of the Geelong City Union of the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union, 1888 to 1988, by Judith Pargeter, pub. Woman's Christian Temperance Union, Geelong, 1988 Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Field Book 021_016 (March 1918). L. Purnell, ‘The Purnell Family History’, unpublished manuscript, Geelong Heritage Centre.



Figure 1: Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage NN5763 for Mr W Purnell (1923). Source: Barwon Water.



Name: Residence Address: 25 Mercer Parade, Newtown Critical Dates: c. 1927-28 Existing Level of Significance: Local Proposed Heritage Overlay: HO

1.0 Statement of Significance The residence at 25 Mercer Parade, has significance as a moderately intact and distinguished example of an interwar Arts and Crafts Bungalow style in Newtown. Built in 1927-1928 for John F. Ingram, agent, the dwellings reflects the notable housing developments in the area during the interwar period. It appears to be in good condition when viewed from the street. The front fence is considered to be contemporaneous with construction of the dwelling (comprising rendered piers and rendered and face brick plinths) and the front hedge also contribute to the significance of the place The residence at 25 Mercer Parade is architecturally significant at a LOCAL level (AHC D.2, E.1). Although extended on the east side, it still clearly demonstrates original design qualities of an interwar Arts and Crafts Bungalow style. These qualities include broad gable roof form that traverses the site, together with the three minor gables that project towards the street frontage and the rear gabled wings. Other intact or appropriate qualities include the segmentally-arched brick verandah openings distinguished by clinker brick voussoirs, central projecting flat-roofed faceted window bay with timber framed windows, asymmetrical composition, single storey height, brick and roughcast wall construction, terra cotta tile roof cladding, roughcast chimneys with terra cotta pots, broad eaves, timber framed windows, decorative gable infill (timber battening and paneling, brackets and timber shingling), timber framed front doorway with highlights, and the timber gable brackets. The front fence (comprising rendered piers and rendered and face brick plinths) and the front hedge also contribute to the significance of the place Prepared by City of Greater Geelong 64



The residence at 25 Mercer Parade, is historically significant at a LOCAL level (AHC A.4,). It is associated with notable residential development in Newtown during the interwar period. The residence was built in 1927-28 for John. F. Ingram. Overall, the residence at 25 Mercer Parade is of LOCAL significance.

2.0 Description The dwelling at 25 Mercer Parade is set on contextually wide allotment for the area. It has a modest front setback comprised of open grassed areas with perimeter garden beds and some mature trees and shrubs. The front fence, with its stuccoed piers, face brick plinth and low solid stuccoed bays, appears to be early. The front is also bound by a mature hedge. The asymmetrical, single storey, interwar Arts and Crafts Bungalow styled detached house is characterised by a broad gable roof form that traverses the site, together with three minor gables that project towards the street frontage. At the rear are other gabled wings. A side gable to the east represents a later addition. These roof forms are clad in terra cotta tiles. Early roughcast chimneys with brick strapping and cappings, and terra cotta pots, adorn the roofline. Broad overhangs are features of the eaves. The front façade is especially characterized by two early projecting gable verandahs having segmentally-arched openings distinguished by clinker brick voussoirs. Between the verandah gables is a projecting flat-roofed faceted window bay with timber framed windows. Other early features of the design include the face brick building base and roughcast wall construction, decorative gable infill (timber battening and paneling, brackets and timber shingling), timber framed front doorway with highlights, timber framed windows and the timber gable brackets.

3.0 History

The site at 25 Mercer Parade is located on both Lot 1 and Lot 2 of Plan LP114688 which is part of Crown Allotment 8 (part), Section 7, Parish of Moorpanyal. This land was subdivided as part of the Mercers Hill Estate in 1885 and in subsequent subdivisions and sales of this Estate. The City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books show that John F. Ingram, agent, was owner of vacant land at 25 Mercer Parade in 1927. The Rate Books reveal that the dwelling on the site had been built by 1928. Ingram sold the property to John Bailey Hawkes in 1934. A merchant, Hawkes was the grandson of Thomas Hawkes, founder of the long-standing and successful Hawkes Bros. hardware merchants business in Geelong in 1854. An outline of the dwelling during construction in April 1927 is shown in the Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage (Figure 1). It shows that the dwelling originally terminated at the eastern end of the front verandah gable. A gabled addition on the eastern side as been constructed in subsequent years.

4.0 Comparative Analysis The interwar Arts and Crafts Bungalow style of the dwelling at 25 Mercer Parade has an affinity with the more substantial dwelling, ‘Grantham’, at 13-15 Retreat Road, built in 1920-21 for Wesley McCann to a design by the Geelong architect, Angus Laird. This dwelling has a projecting portico and balcony with a gambrel roof, although the general



picturesque outline and stuccoed wall construction and titled roof fall within a similar stylistic genre. Other interwar Bungalows of similar scale and with verandah gables having segmentally--arched brick openings include the dwelling at 19A Laurel Bank Parade (built in 1936-37) and ‘Kal-Mya’ at 27 Laurel Bank Parade (built in 1934).

5.0 Condition Good.

6.0 Integrity Moderately intact - the eastern end of the dwelling represents a later addition.


External Paint Controls: Yes Internal Alteration Controls: No Tree Controls: Yes - Front Hedge Outbuildings and/or Fences: Yes – Front Fence


8.0 References City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books 1860-1950, digital copies on CD, Geelong Heritage Centre. Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage N6364 (1927). Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Detail Plan No 101 (1969). City of Newtown Urban Conservation Study, vols 3, 5a & 5b, prepared for the City of Newtown by Context Pty Ltd, Richard Peterson Architect and Daniel Catrice, Historian, 1991, 1996 & 1997. Mercers Hill Estate subdivision plan, 1885, Geelong Heritage Centre, map M110. Mercers Hill Estate subdivision plan, n.d., Geelong Heritage Centre, map M102. Mercers Hill Estate subdivision plan, n.d., Geelong Heritage Centre, map M106. D. Rowe, ‘Heritage Assessment: 1-5 The Avenue, Ocean Grove’, prepared for the City of Greater Geelong, 2002. S. Zada, ‘Biographical Family report for Tom Henry Southam Hawkes’, 2008.



Figure 1: Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage N6364 (1966). Source: Barwon Water.



Name: Residence Address: 104 Nicholas Street, Newtown Critical Dates: 1925-26 Existing Level of Significance: Local Proposed Heritage Overlay: HO

1.0 Statement of Significance The residence at 104 Nicholas Street, has significance as a predominantly intact and representative example of an interwar Arts and Crafts Bungalow style in Newtown. Built in 1925-26 for Frederick and Elizabeth Ford, the dwelling is an example of the notable residential building developments in Newtown during the interwar period. The dwelling appears to be in good condition when viewed from the street. The residence at 104 Nicholas Street is architecturally significant at a LOCAL level (AHC D.2). It demonstrates original design qualities of an interwar Arts and Crafts Bungalow style. These qualities include the broad gabled roof form clad in terra cotta tiles, and the timber weatherboard and battened roughcast wall cladding. Other intact or appropriate qualities include the single storey height, asymmetrical composition, brick chimney, broad eaves with exposed timber rafters, projecting flat-roofed rectangular front bay with timber framed double hung windows having diamond pattern leadlighting, recessed front verandah denoted by a large verandah opening, timber gable ventilator and the decorative gable infill, and the timber framed front doorway with sidelights The residence at 104 Nicholas Street, is historically significant at a LOCAL level (AHC A.4). It is associated with notable residential development in Newtown during the interwar period. The residence was built in 1925-26 for Frederick and Elizabeth Ford. Overall, the residence at 104 Nicholas Street is of LOCAL significance.




2.0 Description t 104 Nicholas Street is set on an average sized allotment for the area.

he asymmetrical, single storey, interwar Arts and Crafts Bungalow styled detached

he front of the dwelling is especially characterized by a projecting flat-roofed

ther early features of the design include the timber gable ventilator and the decorative

3.0 History t 104 Nicholas Street is located on Lot 1 and 2 of plan TP744973U which is

he dwelling at 104 Nicholas Street was built in 1925-1926 for Frederick and Elizabeth

4.0 Comparative Analysis of Federation and interwar Bungalows were constructed in

5.0 Condition

6.0 Integrity

The dwelling aThe sloping site has a modest front setback comprised of open grassed areas with perimeter garden beds and some mature trees and shrubs. An introduced low timber picket fence forms the front boundary. Thouse is characterised by a broad gabled roof form clad in terra cotta tiles, and timber weatherboard and battened roughcast wall cladding. An early brick chimney adorns the roofline. Broad overhangs with exposed timber rafters are features of the eaves. Trectangular bay with timber framed double hung windows have diamond pattern leadlighting, and a recessed front verandah denoted by a large verandah . Ogable infill, and the timber framed front doorway with sidelights.

The site apart of Crown Allotment 2 (part) and 3 (part), Section 6, Parish of Moorpanyal. TFord (nee Pownall), as it was in this year when the house was first identified in the City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books. An outline of the dwelling at this time is shown in the Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage (Figure 1). Frederick Ford was an accountant’s assistant and with his wife, they owned the property until 1950, when Maxwell Richardson purchased it.

A contextually large numberthe Geelong area, and particularly in Newtown and Drumcondra. A comparable example is the neighbouring dwelling at 106 Nicholas Street, designed by the Geelong architects, Laird and Buchan. Although a more substantial and complex example, it has a similar front composition including a gable end with battening and panelling, projecting window bay and recessed front verandah that combine to form a largely intact example of an interwar Arts and Crafts Bungalow. These similarities might suggest that the dwelling at 104 Nicholas Street was also designed by Laird and Buchan, although no documentary evidence has been ascertained in support of this claim.

Good.

Moderate-High Integrity.




Extent of Heritage Overlay & Significance The HO apply to the whole of the site. Other Recommendations: Opportunities are available to remove the introduced glazing in the front verandah opening.

8.0 References City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books 1860-1950, digital copies on CD, Geelong Heritage Centre. Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage NN6072 (1925). Laird & Buchan, Day Book, May – August 1932, p.53, Geelong Heritage Centre. Laird & Buchan, Original Drawings of J.F. & J. Swithenbank residence (106 Nicholas Street), Geelong Heritage Centre. Sands & McDougall’s Directory, 1938 & 1950.


Figure 1: Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage NN6072 (1925). Source: Barwon Water.



Name: Residence Address: 106 Nicholas Street, Newtown Critical Dates: 1932-33 Existing Level of Significance: Local Proposed Heritage Overlay: HO

1.0 Statement of Significance The house at 106 Nicholas Street, Newtown, has significance as a substantial and predominantly intact example of an interwar Arts and Crafts Bungalow style. Built in 1932-33 for Jonas and Jessie Swithenbank, the residence is also a distinguished interwar era example of the work of the prolific Geelong architectural firm of Laird and Buchan. The dwelling appears to be in good condition when viewed from the street. The house at 106 Nicholas Street is architecturally significant at a LOCAL level (AHC D.2, E.1). It demonstrates original design qualities of an interwar Arts and Crafts Bungalow style and is a distinguished example of the work of the Geelong architects, Laird and Buchan. These qualities include the two broad gable roof forms that project towards the front, together with the attic gable and skillion that project at the sides. Other intact or appropriate qualities include the asymmetrical composition, elevated single storey height, timber weatherboard wall cladding with a face brick base, terra cotta tile roof cladding, brick chimneys, broad eaves with exposed timber rafters, projecting flat-roofed faceted bay windows supported by timber brackets, timber framed double hung windows, attic windows, vertical timber battening and rendered panelling in the gable ends, emphasising paired timber posts in the front verandah opening, brick piers supporting the side porch and balcony and the main entrance opening The residence at 106 Nicholas Street, is historically significant at a LOCAL level (AHC A.4, H.1). It is associated with the development of substantial residences in Newtown in the early century. Built in 1932-33 for Jonas Swithenbank, wool buyer, and his wife,




Jessie, the house also has associations with the prolific local architectural firm of laird and Buchan. Overall, the residence at 106 Nicholas Street is of LOCAL significance.

2.0 Description The residence at 106 Nicholas Street is set on an average sized allotment for the area and has a large front setback comprising an open grassed area with perimeter garden beds and trees and shrubs, and a driveway along the side. There is also a substantial rear yard with outbuilding. The brick piers on the front fence appear to be early but the infill panels may be introduced. The elevated single storey, asymmetrical, horizontal timber weatherboard interwar Arts and Crafts Bungalow styled dwelling is characterized by two broad gable roof forms that project towards the front, together with an attic gable and skillion that project at the sides. These roof forms are clad in terra cotta tiles. Two early face brick chimneys adorn the roofline. Broad overhangs with exposed timber rafters are features of the eaves. The weatherboard wall cladding is offset by a face brick base. The front (street) elevation of the dwelling has an early projecting flat-roofed faceted bay window supported by timber brackets. The bay also has early timber framed double hung windows. A bank of three timber framed double hung windows are also located in the gable end as part of the attic. This gable end is distinguished by early vertical timber battening and rendered panelling, emphasising the Arts and Crafts nature of the design. Also on the front elevation is an early verandah opening that has been glazed in. The paired timber posts in the opening are early. Other early features of the design include the brick piers supporting the side porch and balcony, other bay window at the side, other timber framed double hung windows and the main entrance opening. Overall, the existing dwelling is largely reflective of its original design.

3.0 History The House The site at 106 Nicholas Street is located on plan TP683327 (Vol 5169) and Folio 1033731) which is part of Crown Allotment 2 (part) and 3 (part), Section 6, County of Moorpanyal. Originally known as 6 High Street, William and Rosina Pownall were listed as the owners of vacant land in 1926. In early 1932, the land was sold to Jonas F. and Jessie Swithenbank. Jonas Swithenbank was a local wool buyer. He engaged the Geelong architectural firm of Laird and Buchan to prepare a preliminary sketch for a residence on the site in May 1932. Another sketch was prepared in June 1932 before the plans and specification were finalised in July of that year. A contract for the building of the house was signed by the builder, L. Poulston, on 5 September 1932 and construction commenced in the ensuing months. The Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books for 1933 show that the dwelling was still being constructed at this time. The original drawings for the dwelling at 106 Nicholas Street (Figures 1 – 7) show that it was designed with broad gable roofs and an attic gable that projected to the east side. There was also a skillion attic on the west side. At the front was a faceted and flat-roofed bay window and verandah. The verandah featured a small horizontal opening that was to be supported by paired timber posts, with access from the side. The main entrance



was proposed at the side of the house, via a projecting porch. The ground floor was to contain the main bedroom, bath room, kitchen, living room, dining room and entrance hall. The attic was to accommodate two bedrooms and a balcony above the main side entrance porch. The original drawings show that a laundry outbuilding with a skillion roof was also proposed as part of the residential development. Laird and Buchan Architects The architectural firm of Laird and Buchan (originally known as Laird and Barlow) was prolific in Geelong and district in the late 19th and 20th centuries. John Angus Laird was born on 25 May 1862 at Eddington Station in the Western District of Victoria. He was the son of Mr John Laird who was one of Victoria’s early pioneers, arriving in 1852. John Angus Laird was educated under until he was fifteen and on his parent’s removal to South Australia, he was placed at a cost of 300 Golden Sovereigns with Joseph Watts, Geelong Architect, making rapid progress and he eventually became Watts’s supervising architect. Laird worked both in Geelong and Melbourne for a brief period and upon returning to the practice of Watts was on the understanding that he would eventually take it over. But when Watts died in 1890 the practice was taken over by James Durran and William Tombs, and Laird resigned from the firm in late 1890 to commence business on his own account. On 1 November 1890, Thomas Buchan was articled to J.A. Laird and in the following year, 1891, Laird took into partnership Fred J. Barlow of New Zealand. Barlow was born in Christchurch, New Zealand on 24 January 1868, the son of John and Augusta Cecil Vere Barlow, formerly of Herefordshire and the Isle of Wight, England. He was first educated at the Papanui School before studying at Wiggin’s Sumner College, and after completing his education he was articled to A.W. Simpson, architect of Christchurch in 1884. One of the earliest and most substantial commissions for the fledgling architectural practice came in 1891 when it was engaged to design a woolstore for Dalgety and Co. in Gheringhap Street. This project began an association with this company that was to last almost 100 years. With the return of Barlow to New Zealand, Laird made Buchan a partner of the firm in 1908. Known as Laird and Buchan, the practice continued to prosper in the early 20th century, which included a large number of Federation dwellings. As Michael Page in An Architectural Apex states:


Several commissions provided the firm with sufficient work during the onset of the First World War from 1914, until war-time shortages later in the war almost brought building



works to a halt. A steady flow of commissions for the domestic replanning required to connect Geelong homes to the new Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust sewerage system helped the firm survive. After the war, the architectural firm took advantage of the boom years of the 1920s, with a substantial variety of work in Geelong and the Western District. This continued in the 1930s. Commissions included substantial interwar dwellings as well as commercial, industrial and recreational architecture. Their substantial output was also measured in the broad spectrum of their architectural repertoire, from Modern Functionalist versions to more traditionalist interwar Bungalow types. The 1930s witnessed another new era for the Laird and Buchan architectural practice. J.A. Laird retired in 1935 and Thomas Buchan appointed Laird’s son, Ewen, as a partner of the firm. This followed by the appointment of Buchan’s son, John, as a partner in 1936, the firm then being known as Buchan, Laird and Buchan.

8.0 Comparative Analysis Laird and Buchan were responsible for many substantial Federation and interwar era Bungalows in the Geelong area, and particularly in Newtown and Drumcondra. Comparable late Federation examples include the dwellings at 39 The Esplanade and 27 Aberdeen Street, designed by Laird and Buchan in 1914-15 and 1915-16 respectively. An interwar era example includes ‘Carlyon’ at 259 Latrobe Terrace, Geelong, designed in 1921. This latter example has experienced a number of external alterations and additions in the 20th century. It is identified as HO167 in the Greater Geelong Planning Scheme.

5.0 Condition Good.

8.0 Integrity Moderate-High Integrity. The exterior of the dwelling largely reflects the original drawings, apart from the front verandah that has been glazed in.



Extent of Heritage Overlay & Significance To the extent of the whole site. Other Recommendations: Opportunities are available to remove the introduced glazing in the front verandah and to reinstate the timber brackets to the verandah posts using the original drawings as a guide.


8.0 References City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books 1860-1950, digital copies on CD, Geelong Heritage Centre. Geelong Waterworks & Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage N4576, c.1932. Source: Barwon Water. Laird & Buchan, Day Book, May – August 1932, p.53, Geelong Heritage Centre. Laird & Buchan, Original Drawings of J.F. & J. Swithenbank residence, Geelong Heritage Centre. Sands & McDougall’s Directory, 1938 & 1950. A. Perry, ‘Carlyon’, Conservation Analysis Report, Deakin University, 1991. M. Ambrose, ‘Percy Baxter Residence’, Conservation Analysis Report, Deakin University, 1990. Aitken, Honman & Huddle, ‘City of Geelong West Urban Conservation Study’, vol.2, prepared for the City of Geelong West, 1986. D. Rowe, ‘Architecture of Geelong 1860-1900’, B. Arch Thesis, Deakin University, 1991. M. Page, An Architectural Apex, Buchan Laird International Pty Ltd, South Yarra, 1990.


Figure 1: Laird & Buchan, Ground Floor Plan, 1932. Source: Geelong Heritage Centre.

Figure 2: Laird & Buchan, Attic Floor Plan, 1932. Source: Geelong Heritage Centre.



Figure 3: Laird & Buchan, Front Elevation, 1932. Source: Geelong Heritage Centre.

Figure 4: Laird & Buchan, East Elevation, 1932. Source: Geelong Heritage Centre.

Figure 5: Laird & Buchan, West Elevation, 1932. Source: Geelong Heritage Centre.

Figure 6: Laird & Buchan, Section BB Drawing, 1932. Source: Geelong Heritage Centre.

Figure 7: Laird & Buchan, Section AA Drawing, 1932, with builder’s signature. Source: Geelong Heritage Centre.



Name: Sawyers Arms Hotel Address: 2 Noble Street, Newtown Critical Dates: c. 1850s, 1907 Existing Level of Significance: Local Proposed Heritage Overlay: HO


The Sawyers Arms Hotel at 2 Noble Street, Newtown, has significance as a predominantly intact Federation styled hotel building, representing one of few surviving Federation era hotels in Geelong. Possibly built prior to 1854, the existing external character and appearance reflects the design of the prolific Geelong architectural firm of Laird and Barlow in 1907. Further alterations and additions occurred in 1924 and 1955, and the additions to the north of the building contribute to an understanding of the evolution of the hotel. The building appears to be in good condition when viewed from the street. The Sawyers Arms Hotel at 2 Noble Street is architecturally significant at a LOCAL level (AHC D.2). It demonstrates original design qualities of a Federation style. These qualities include the Victorian-like composition of rectangular facades with a splayed corner and hipped roof, dark brown brick wall construction distinguished by a red brick base and quoinwork, rendered banding and rendered label moulds to the window and door openings. Other intact or appropriate qualities include the corrugated sheet metal roof cladding, brick chimneys, bracketed eaves, segmental and round arched ground floor window and door openings, timber framed ground floor windows, and the regularly arranged timber framed, twelve paned double hung first floor windows with timber shutters. The northern additions also contribute to the significance of the place. The Sawyers Arms Hotel at 2 Noble Street, is historically significant at a LOCAL level (AHC A.4, H.1). It has associations with a hotel business on this site for over 150 Prepared by City of Greater Geelong 77



years from prior to 1854. In particular, this building represents a surviving hotel design by the prolific Geelong architectural firm of Laird and Barlow who were responsible for remodeling the building in 1907. The Sawyers Arms Hotel at 2 Noble Street, is socially significant at a LOCAL level (AHC G.1). It is recognized and valued by the local community has an important and long-standing recreational meeting place. Overall, the Sawyers Arms at 2 Noble Street is of LOCAL significance.

2.0 Description The hotel at 2 Noble Street is set on a large sized allotment for the area that includes an associated car park to the west and north of the building. The hotel is located on the front (Noble Street) boundary line. The two storey, dark brown brick, Federation styled hotel is characterised by a Victorian composition of rectangular facades, a splayed corner and hipped roof. This roof is clad in corrugated sheet metal. Two Federation era brick chimneys with rendered tops having projecting dentillated cappings and terra cotta pots adorn the roofline. Modest bracketed overhangs are features of the eaves. The two floor levels of the building are defined by broad rendered horizontal banding. A similar banding is located under the eaves and as a stringcourse at the level of the windows sills on the ground floor. Red brick quoinwork and a red base provide additional definition to the facades, as does the label moulds to the segmentally arched and round arched window and door openings on the ground floor. It appears that the splayed corner originally featured an early door opening which has been bricked up in red brick and a window has been introduced. The other ground floor windows are early and are timber framed. On the first floor are regularly arranged timber framed, twelve paned double hung windows flanked by timber shutters (a shutter is missing on the corner window). To the north is a two storey addition of construction and detailing similar to the main building.

3.0 History Sawyers Arms Hotel The site at 2 Noble Street is located on land known as Vol 9996 and Folio 857 which is part of Crown Allotment 4 (part), Section 2, Parish of Moorpanyal. A hotel appears to have been built on this site in the early 1850s, as a large building is shown on the Plan of Newtown by J.H. Taylor in 1854. The earliest available recorded Rate Book entry is in 1860-61 when the Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books list a 14-roomed hotel, kitchen and stables, being owned by William Fordham. In 1873-74, James Welch was the publican, the hotel being owned by Oliver Welsh. Repairs and painting of the hotel were carried out in 1895 and 1905, under the supervision of the Geelong architects, Laird and Barlow. In 1907, these architects prepared a design for alterations and additions to the hotel. Built by Nicholls Brothers at a cost of £1410 (the cellar appears to have been added at this time by W.A. Kelly), these Federation era changes characterise the exterior of the building today. The extent of the hotel in 1912 (soon after the major alterations) is shown



in the Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Field Book plan (Figure 1). It shows that the hotel had a splayed corner (with cellar below), and projecting wings at the rear. There were also stables and other weatherboard outbuildings. Further alterations and additions were carried out in 1924 and again in 1955. These works appear to have largely been located to the west of the earlier building and are delineated by the break in the hipped roofs and in the eaves outlines on the east façade today. The Architects The architectural firm of Laird and Buchan (originally known as Laird and Barlow) was prolific in Geelong and district in the late 19th and 20th centuries. John Angus Laird was born on 25 May 1862 at Eddington Station in the Western District of Victoria. He was the son of Mr John Laird who was one of Victoria’s early pioneers, arriving in 1852. John Angus Laird was educated under until he was fifteen and on his parent’s removal to South Australia, he was placed at a cost of 300 Golden Sovereigns with Joseph Watts, Geelong Architect, making rapid progress and he eventually became Watts’s supervising architect. Laird worked both in Geelong and Melbourne for a brief period and upon returning to the practice of Watts was on the understanding that he would eventually take it over. But when Watts died in 1890 the practice was taken over by James Durran and William Tombs, and Laird resigned from the firm in late 1890 to commence business on his own account. On 1 November 1890, Thomas Buchan was articled to J.A. Laird and in the following year, 1891, Laird took into partnership Fred J. Barlow of New Zealand. Barlow was born in Christchurch, New Zealand on 24 January 1868, the son of John and Augusta Cecil Vere Barlow, formerly of Herefordshire and the Isle of Wight, England. He was first educated at the Papanui School before studying at Wiggin’s Sumner College, and after completing his education he was articled to A.W. Simpson, architect of Christchurch in 1884. One of the earliest and most substantial commissions for the fledgling architectural practice came in 1891 when it was engaged to design a woolstore for Dalgety and Co. in Gheringhap Street. This project began an association with this company that was to last almost 100 years. With the return of Barlow to New Zealand, Laird made Buchan a partner of the firm in 1908. Known as Laird and Buchan, the practice continued to prosper in the early 20th century, which included a large number of Federation dwellings. As Michael Page in An Architectural Apex states:




Several commissions provided the firm with sufficient work during the onset of the First World War from 1914, until war-time shortages later in the war almost brought building works to a halt. A steady flow of commissions for the domestic replanning required to connect Geelong homes to the new Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust sewerage system helped the firm survive. After the war, the architectural firm took advantage of the boom years of the 1920s, with a substantial variety of work in Geelong and the Western District. This continued in the 1930s. Commissions included substantial interwar dwellings as well as commercial, industrial and recreational architecture. Their substantial output was also measured in the broad spectrum of their architectural repertoire, from Modern Functionalist versions to more traditionalist interwar Bungalow types. The 1930s witnessed another new era for the Laird and Buchan architectural practice. J.A. Laird retired in 1935 and Thomas Buchan appointed Laird’s son, Ewen, as a partner of the firm. This followed by the appointment of Buchan’s son, John, as a partner in 1936, the firm then being known as Buchan, Laird and Buchan.

4.0 Comparative Analysis Other Federation Era Hotels According to Richard Aitken in ‘Edwardian Geelong: An Architectural Introduction’, “most of the building projects involving hotels early in the [20th] century were rebuilding or alterations to existing buildings.” Like the Sawyers Arms Hotel, another Victorian hotel building that now presents a Federation era appearance is the Cremorne Hotel in Pakington Street, Newtown. It was remodelled by the Geelong architects, Tombs and Durran, in 1894. The Barwon Club Hotel in Moorabool Street, South Geelong, represents another Federation Queen Anne styled hotel building that was originally built at an earlier period. Remodelled in 1910, the Barwon Club is an unusual example of Queen Anne design as expressed in its siting, form and notable details, including a semi-circular corner entrance, Art Nouveau decoration, and timber Doric columns. The use of face brick construction with rendered bands, window heads and sills, is similar in both buildings. Aitken states that the ‘projecting gables in an otherwise ordinary gabled roof gave the building a slightly less Victorian feeling.’ He further states that the Sawyers Arms hotel ‘drew strongly on the popular Victorian hotel form; a two storey building with splayed corner.’ The architectural firm of Tombs and Durran were also responsible for the designs of two other Federation era hotel buildings in Geelong. In c.1905, they designed the Railway Hotel at 118 Latrobe Terrace, Geelong West. This two storey hotel building was originally constructed with contrasting red brick and render and had a central entrance bay with the familiar semi-circular window above. In 1911, they designed the first section of the Victoria Hotel in Malop Street, the façade being composed of bow windows, small balconies and parapet with inverted scallop motif. It was also in 1911 when Tombs and Durran designed the Olive Branch Hotel. This and the Railway and Victoria Hotels have been demolished.

5.0 Condition Good.



6.0 Integrity Moderate – High Integrity. The hotel is predominantly intact to its Federation era remodelling. The northern additions contribute to the evolution and development of the hotel function of the building.




8.0 References City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books 1860-1950, digital copies on CD, Geelong Heritage Centre. G. Butler & Associates, City of Geelong Urban Conservation Study, 1991. R. Aitken, ‘Edwardian Geelong An Architectural Introduction’, Deakin University 1979. Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage NN5362 (1978). Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Field Book 032_013 (Jan 1912) D. Rowe, ‘Architecture of Geelong: 1860-1900’, B. Arch. Thesis, Deakin University, 1991. Laird and Barlow Contractors’ Books, 1895, 1905 & 1907, Geelong Heritage Centre. M. Page, An Architectural Apex, Buchan Laird International Pty Ltd, South Yarra, 1990.



Figure 1: Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Field Book 032_013 (Jan 1912). Source: Barwon Water.

Figure 2: Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage NN5362 (1978). Source: Barwon Water.



Name: “Twyford”

Address: 288 Pakington Street, Newtown Critical Dates: 1898-99 Existing Level of Significance: Local Proposed Heritage Overlay: HO

1.0 Statement of Significance The house earlier known as ‘Twyford’ at 288 Pakington Street, Newtown, has significance as a predominantly intact and rare known surviving example of the domestic work of the Geelong architects, Seeley and King. Built in 1898-99 for Samuel Vaughan, the dwelling has recently been restored and appears to be in excellent condition when viewed from the street. ‘Twyford’ at 288 Pakington Street is architecturally significant at a LOCAL level (AHC D.2, E.1). It represents a rare known surviving example of the work of Geelong architects, Seeley and King, and demonstrates original design qualities of the Federation Queen Anne style. These qualities include the central gable roof form that traverses the site, symmetrically-composed gables that project towards Pakington Street (and terminate at the rear as hipped forms), another gable at the rear that projects towards Buckland Avenue and the centrally located front broken-back verandah with gabled portico. Other intact or appropriate qualities include the single storey height, detached composition, corrugated sheet metal profile roof cladding, face red brick wall construction, face brick chimneys with rendered tops and terra cotta pots, modest eaves, turned timber verandah posts with stylized timber capitals, timber brackets and decorative timber valances, timber framed double hung windows, front timber framed doorway with sidelights and highlights, brick strapping in the gable ends, timber weatherboard cladding in the upper gable ends, timber gable brackets and the window hoods above the windows on the projecting front gables.




’Twyford’ at 288 Pakington Street, is historically significant at a LOCAL level (AHC A.4, H.1). It is associated with residential developments in Newtown in the late 19th century and has particular associations with the Geelong architects, Seeley and King. It was built in 1898-99 for Samuel Vaughan. Overall, ’Twyford’ at 288 Pakington Street is of LOCAL significance.

2.0 Description The residence at 288 Pakington Street is set on an average sized corner allotment for the area. It has a small front setback comprised open grassed areas. The low solid fence that forms the front perimeter boundaries has been introduced. The single storey building, face red brick, Federation Queen Anne styled detached house is characterised by a central gable roof form that traverses the site, together with symmetrically-composed gables that project towards Pakington Street (and terminate at the rear as hipped forms) and another gable at the rear that projects towards Buckland Avenue. Centrally located at the front is a broken back verandah with central gabled portico. There is also a rear central hipped roof. These roof forms are clad in corrugated sheet metal. Three face brick chimneys with rendered tops and terra cotta pots adorn the roofline. Modest overhangs are features of the eaves. An early feature of the design is the front verandah. It is supported by turned timber posts with stylized timber capitals, timber brackets and decorative timber valances. Other early features of the design include the timber framed double hung windows, front timber framed doorway with sidelights and highlights, brick strapping in the gable ends, timber weatherboard cladding in the upper gable ends, timber gable brackets and the window hoods above the windows on the projecting front gables.

3.0 History ‘Twyford’ The site at 288 Pakington Street was originally owned by Samuel Vaughan who was described as a “gentleman” in the 1898-99 City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books. This house was designed by the Geelong architects, Seeley and King, who called tenders for its construction on 25 April 1898. Upon completion, the Rate Books initially described the property as a brick cottage of 10 rooms. The Geelong Waterworks & Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage for January 1912 (Figure 1) shows the house at this time. It was then known as “Twyford”. In 1930, Ernest E Smith, fellmonger, was the owner. In recent times, the property has been subdivided at the rear (fronting Buckland Avenue) and the original dwelling has been restored. The Architects: Seeley & King The following biographical & comparative details are taken from D. Rowe, 'Architecture of Geelong 1860-1900': Thomas Frederick Seeley was born on 4 February 1848 in Edmunds, Suffolk, England, the son of Mr Elijah Seeley who became a contractor in Geelong when the family migrated to the area in 1857. After being educated at the Geelong Wesleyan School, Thomas Seeley went to work for his father, learning the trade of a contractor and builder. However at the same time Seeley studied architecture and joined the first Technological School in Geelong and in 1871 he graduated with the distinction of producing the best five architectural drawings in Victoria.



Thomas Seeley advertised as a contractor throughout the 1870s and in August 1877 he gave notice in the Geelong Advertiser that he had taken into partnership Benjamin Pittock, under the name of Seeley and Pittock. Seeley was a member of the Independent Order of Rechabites by 1870 and was Treasurer in 1881, and he was made an honorary secretary of the Total Abstinence Society in April 1888. It was not until 1891 that Seeley advertised as an architect, and on 8 October 1895 he took into partnership his employee, G.R. King. King was younger and probably possessed fresh energy and enthusiasm to revitalize and expand the practice. George Raymond King was born in 1872 at Ballarat. His education prior to being articled to A.J. Derrick is unknown, but his time with Derrick gave young George King a solid grounding not only in design but also in organizational skills. After approximately 14 years in partnership with Thomas Seeley, King was appointed Principal of the Gordon Technical College in 1909. He became renowned as a "conspicuous, controversial, forthright character who was unorthodox, argumentative, flamboyant and dramatic" and his desire for the College to grow and achieve great academic status lead to him and the College to be "inseparably linked." George King had a vision of making the Gordon College "a small university, which, whilst partly accomplished in his time, was fully realised fifty years later."

4.0 Comparative Analysis Other Designs by Seeley & King At least half of the work of the Seeley & King practice derived from commissions of shop and store owners. These buildings included the Wrathall Printing Office, James Street, Geelong (1895), Howard Shops, Moorabool Street, Geelong (1898), and an Iron Store, Moorabool Street, Geelong (1898). They also designed a school room in Villamanta Street, Geelong West, in 1895, and the Yarra Street Wesleyan Church School Hall in 1898. The firm's early 20th century work included the commission from the Geelong Harbor Trust in 1905 to provide a standard design for all boat houses at Barwon Heads. Together with the Latrines Shed at 1 Ozone Road, Barwon Heads, some of these boat houses survive at 10-12 Ewing Blyth Drive and 11 Flinders Parade, Barwon Heads. Apart from the former Winchelsea Shire Offices, no other civic commissions are known to have been designed by them. Importantly, the firm was also responsible for numerous villas and other dwellings throughout Geelong in the late 19th century. Few of Seeley and King’s other domestic designs have been recorded, although it is known they had were commissioned to design the additions to ‘Kelvin’ at 11-13 Aphrasia Street in late 19th century. Possibly the most comparable dwelling with ‘Twyford’ is the former ‘Thomas Dann House’ at 18 Myers Street, Geelong. It was built in late 1898 in a similar Federation Queen Anne style, although it featured a broad hipped roof form and was especially characterised by a diagonal corner verandah bay and corner tower with a bell-cast roof. The face red brickwork, and detailing in the chimneys and timber verandah fretwork are readily comparable with ‘Twyford’.

5.0 Condition Excellent.

6.0 Integrity Moderate-High Integrity. Recent restoration works have been carried out.




Extent of Heritage Overlay & Significance To the extent of the whole site. Other Recommendations: Opportunities are available to replace the introduced front fence with a fence design and construction that relates to the Federation era of the dwelling.

8.0 References City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books 1860-1950, digital copies on CD, Geelong Heritage Centre. Geelong Waterworks & Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage N4576, c.1932. Source: Barwon Water. D. Rowe, ‘Architecture of Geelong 1860-1900’, B. Arch. Thesis, Deakin University, 1991. G. Butler & Associates, ‘City of Geelong Urban Conservation Study’, vol. 4, p.97.


Figure 1: Geelong Waterworks & Sewerage Trust Field Book 109_001 (Jan 1912). Source: Barwon Water.



Name: “Hillside”

Address: 289 Pakington Street, Newtown Critical Dates: c. 1854 Existing Level of Significance: Local Proposed Heritage Overlay: HO

1.0 Statement of Significance ”Hillside” at 289 Pakington Street, Newtown, has significance as a rare surviving largely intact mid 19th century Victorian Regency styled dwelling in the Greater Geelong area. Built in 1855, the dwelling is a legacy of the earliest suburban residential development in Newtown. “Hillside” appears to be in fair-good condition when viewed from the street. ”Hillside” at 289 Pakington Street is architecturally significant at a LOCAL level (AHC D.2, E.1). One of a notably small number of surviving mid 19th century Victorian Regency styled dwellings in Newtown, the original design qualities that it imparts include the simple gable roof form that traverses the site, and a three-bayed symmetrical front having a slightly recessed central entrance bay with round-arched door openings and flanking bays having timber framed multi-paned double hung windows. Other intact or appropriate qualities include the elevated single storey height, brick wall construction, Corrugated profile sheet metal rood cladding (painted red), brick chimneys with corbelled top, lack of eaves, rendered wall finish to the building base, refined detailing to the arched entrances (stylized capitals to the vestigial brick pilasters and the projecting keystones in the arches), and the four paneled timber doors with fanlights above. ”Hillside” at 289 Pakington Street is historically significant at a LOCAL level (AHC A.4, H.1). It is a rare physical legacy of the modest suburban residential developments in Newtown in the mid 19th century, having been built in 1855.




Overall,”Hillside” at 289 Pakington Street is of LOCAL significance.

2.0 Description “Hillside” at 289 Pakington Street is set on an average-sized allotment for the area. The building also takes up the full width of the site and has a shallow front setback. Situated on a steeply sloping site, an introduced fence forms the front boundary. The symmetrical, elevated single storey, painted brick, Victorian Regency styled duplex is characterised by a simple gable roof form that traverses the site, and a three-bayed front façade identified by a slightly recessed central entrance bay with round-arched door openings and flanking bays having early timber framed multi-paned double hung windows. At the rear is a skillion wing that appears to have been altered. The roof comprises corrugated profile sheet metal roof cladding (painted red). Symmetrically-composed brick chimneys with corbelled tops adorn the roofline. There is an absence of eaves. The rendered finish to the base of the building appears to be early. Other early features of the design include the refined detailing to the arched entrances, including the stylized capitals to the vestigial brick pilasters and the projecting keystones in the arches. The entrances to each of the semi-detached dwellings are accessed by a series of steps with a central hollow steel balustrade. The four paneled timber doors with fanlights above are also early.

3.0 History According to the current owner, “Hillside” was constructed in 1855. No further details are known about the property until 1865-66, when S.V. Fraser, clerk is recorded as the owner in the City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books. By 1870-71, the 6-roomed dwelling was occupied by Thomas Harris, ironmonger, and owned by William Hill. It appears to have been during Hill’s ownership when the property was called “Hillside.” In 1894-95, the coach builder James Wilks was recorded as owner and this commenced a long period of ownership by the Wilks family until at least after 1930. An outline of the building was given in the Geelong Waterworks & Sewerage Trust Field Books for c.1912 (Figure 1). By 1956, the building had been extended at the rear, as indicated in the Geelong Waterworks & Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage for that year (Figure 2).

4.0 Comparative Analysis “Hillside” at 289 Pakington Street represents one of approximately 6 known mid 19th century Victorian Regency styled dwellings in the Greater Geelong area. The more substantial examples include Armytage House at 263 Pakington Street (built 1859-60), Barwon Bank, Riversdale Road, Newtown (built 1855), and Tooronga, 258 Latrobe Terrace (built c.1856). Other more modest and comparable examples include:

• The Hawthornes, 1 Skene Street, Newtown (built c.1852). • Former Rosebank, 115 Noble Street, Newtown (built c.1861 and now the All saints

Peace Memorial Hall). • Leyton and Rochford, 224-226 Moorabool Street, Geelong (built 1850-52).



5.0 Condition Fair-Good. There is evidence of vertical cracking in the walls above the south window on the Pakington Street facade.




Extent of Heritage Overlay & Significance The HO apply to the whole of the site. Other Recommendations: Opportunities may be available to remove the introduced paint on the brickwork using approved chemical method and subject to further investigation.

8.0 References City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books 1860-1950, digital copies on CD, Geelong Heritage Centre. Geelong Waterworks & Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage 1956. Geelong Waterworks & Sewerage Trust Field Book 1912. A. Willingham, Geelong Region Historic Buildings & Objects Study, vols.2-3, Geelong Regional Commission, Geelong, 1986. D. Rowe, ‘Rochford’ Conservation Management Plan, privately commission, June 2002. Context Pty Ltd with B. Stafford, R. Peterson & C. Kellaway, ‘City of Newtown Urban Conservation Study, vol.3, prepared for the City of Newtown, 1991. ‘Armytage House’, H405, Victorian Heritage Database online, www.heritage.vic.gov.au. J.H. Taylor, Map of Geelong, Newtown and Chilwell, 1854, State Library of Victoria. Mr Sinclair, Current Owner, Personal Comments, 16 February 2009.

http://www.heritage.vic.gov.au/



Figure 1: Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Field Book 145_005 (Jun 1912). Source: Barwon Water.

Figure 2: Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage (1956).

Source: Barwon Water.



Figure 3 - “Hillside” n.d Source: Mr Sinclair 16 February 2009

Figure 4 – “Hillside” n.d Source: Mr Sinclair 16 February 2009



Name: Residence

Address: 293 Pakington Street, Newtown Critical Dates: 1930 Existing Level of Significance: Local Proposed Heritage Overlay: HO

1.0 Statement of Significance The house at 293 Pakington Street, has significance as a predominantly intact example of an interwar Spanish Mission style, and is one of few notable examples of the style in Newtown. Built in 1930 for George Choate, the dwelling appears to be in good condition when viewed from the street. The front brick fence also contributes to the significance of the place. The house at 293 Pakington Street is architecturally significant at a LOCAL level (AHC D.2). It demonstrates original design qualities of an interwar Spanish Mission style. These qualities include the broad recessed hipped roof form, together with the minor hipped roofs that project at the front and side, with the front hip forming a verandah having a round-arched loggia supported by roughcast piers and square tapered Doric columns. Other intact or appropriate qualities include the elevated single storey height, asymmetrical composition, clinker brick and roughcast render wall construction, terra cotta tile roof cladding, roughcast brick chimneys with terra cotta pots, broad eaves, round-arched window openings at the northern end of the main (east) façade, solid clinker brick balustrades within the arched verandah openings, garage below the front verandah with paneled timber and glazed concertina doors, timber framed double entrance door opening and the timber framed double hung windows. The front fence also contributes to the significance of the place The house at 86 Aphrasia Street is historically significant at a LOCAL level (AHC A.4). It is associated with residential development in Newtown during the interwar period. It was built in 1930 for George James Choate.




Overall, the house at 86 Aphrasia Street is of LOCAL significance.

2.0 Description The house at 293 Pakington Street is set on an average-sized allotment for the area. It has a front setback that is equivalent to the neighbouring dwelling to the south. The front yard is dominated by mature trees, shrubs and other plantings. There is a driveway along the south side. The front brick fence particularly the piers appear to be early. The asymmetrical, elevated single storey, clinker brick and rough cast, interwar Spanish Mission styled dwelling is characterized by a broad recessed hipped roof form, together with minor hipped roofs that project at the front and side. These roof forms are clad in terra cotta tiles. Early roughcast brick chimneys with terra cotta posts adorn the roofline. Broad overhangs are features of the eaves Early features at the front include the round-arched verandah loggia supported by roughcast piers and square tapered Doric columns, and the round-arched timber framed double hung windows at the northern end. The projecting hipped verandah loggia has solid clinker brick balustrades within the arched openings. Below the verandah is an early garage featuring early paneled timber and glazed concertina garage doors. Other early features of the design include the timber framed double entrance door opening and the timber framed double hung windows.

3.0 History The dwelling at 293 Pakington Street was built in 1930 for George James Choate. The City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books suggest that George Guthrie was the builder. The first occupant was Finlay Carlisle, an accountant, in 1931. In 1938, William Gray was listed as the occupier. The Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage for 1957 (Figure 1) shows an outline of the dwelling, including the front verandah loggia. This outline suggests that little change has been made to the front of the building since it was constructed.

4.0 Comparative Analysis Two other examples of interwar Spanish Mission design in Newtown are comparable with the dwelling at 293 Pakington Street. The similar Spanish Mission features include the hipped roof forms clad in terra cotta tiles, roughcast rendered wall construction and the arcaded loggias. These other examples are at 17 Aphrasia Street (built in the late 1920s) and 86 Aphrasia Street (a more substantial example with a dominant jerkin head roof form, built 1931). A more unusual example that has a direct affinity with Spanish Mission design in the U.S.A. is the Walbaringa Maisonettes building at 16-18 Eastern Beach, Geelong, built in 1928.

5.0 Condition Good.



7.0 Recommendations

Heritage Overlay Schedule Controls External Paint Controls: Yes Internal Alteration Controls: No Tree Controls: No Outbuildings and/or Fences: Yes- front fence


8.0 References City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books 1860-1950, digital copies on CD, Geelong Heritage Centre. Geelong Waterworks & Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage 1957. Authentic Heritage Services Pty Ltd, C Citations Study, prepared for the City of Greater Geelong, 2002. R. Peterson, ‘Newtown Urban Conservation Study C Citations’, prepared for the City of Greater Geelong, vol.5a, 1996.





Name: Former Newsagent’s Shop & Dwelling Address: 312 Pakington Street, Newtown Critical Dates: 1907-08 (dwelling) & 1927 (shop) Existing Level of Significance: Local Proposed Heritage Overlay: HO


The former newsagent’s shop and dwelling at 312 Pakington Street, Newtown, have significance as one of the few remaining suburban cottage and shop complexes in Newtown built in the early 20th century. The Edwardian styled dwelling was constructed in 1907-08 and the former newsagent’s shop was added in 1927. Although the dwelling has been compromised by the alterations (and the later alterations to the surviving verandah), the significance of the places lies in its evolution into a combined dwelling and interwar shop complex. The shop initially served for several years as a local newsagency, first owned and operated by Ernest Dew. The shop and cottage are of moderate integrity and they appear to be in fair-good condition when viewed from the street The former newsagent’s shop and dwelling at 312 Pakington Street are architecturally significant at a LOCAL level (AHC D.2). The shop demonstrates original interwar design qualities that include the stepped, rendered brick parapet with flanking projecting parapet piers having concrete cappings, parapet signage panel, metal framed shopfront windows with highlights and the ingo with a door opening. The glazed shopfront tile surrounds also contribute to the significance of the building. The significance of the place also lies in its evolution from dwelling to combined dwelling and shop. Although altered, the dwelling continues to demonstrate discernible Edwardian design qualities. These qualities include the hipped roof form that traverses the site and double hipped (M) roof forms and rear skillion wings. Other intact or appropriate qualities include the two face red brick chimneys with corbelled tops, modest eaves with paired timber brackets and diamond and rectangular panelling between, and the timber framed double hung windows.


The former newsagent’s shop and dwelling at 312 Pakington Street, are historically significant at a LOCAL level (AHC A.4). The shop is a surviving legacy of suburban commercial development in Newtown during the interwar period, as well as having associations with residential development in Newtown in the early 20th century. Although built at different times (the dwelling was constructed in 1907-08 and the shop in 1927), the significance of the place lies in its evolutionary development with its



combined residential and commercial function. The shop initially served for several years as a local newsagency, first owned and operated by Ernest Dew. Overall, the former newsagent’s shop and dwelling at 312 Pakington Street are of LOCAL significance.

2.0 Description The site at 212 Pakington Street, Newtown, is located at the north-east corner of Pakington and Clarendon Streets. At the front in the north-west corner of the site is a single storey interwar shop dominated by a stepped, rendered brick parapet with flanking projecting parapet piers having concrete cappings. Within the parapet is a signage panel. Below the parapet is an introduced cantilevering verandah. Under the verandah is an early metal framed shopfront with highlights and an ingo to an early door opening. The aluminium framed and glazed door has been introduced. The glazed shopfront tile surrounds are also early. The side (north) wall of the shop has introduced overpainting and signage. At the rear of the shop is the Edwardian dwelling with its hipped roof form that traverses the site and double hipped (M) roof forms and rear skillion wings. These roof forms are clad in corrugated sheet metal. Two early face red brick chimneys with corbelled tops adorn the roofline. Modest overhangs with paired timber brackets and diamond and rectangular panelling between are features of the eaves. Other early features include the timber framed double hung windows. It appears that the surviving portion of the original verandah has been replaced and/or recycled as part of the existing return verandah. It has modest eaves with exposed timber rafters and horizontal timber weatherboard wall cladding with an expressed corner timber post. The verandah is lit on the south side by what appears to be an early leadlighted window, possibly recycled. There is a v-jointed timber door at the front. The front yard of the dwelling is obscured by an introduced high solid brick fence.

3.0 History A timber cottage of four rooms was built at 212 Pakington Street, Newtown, for James McLaughlin in 1907-08. This cottage appears to have been an Edwardian styled dwelling, featuring a hipped roof form that traversed the site, together with a verandah that projected towards the front. It also had rear double hipped (M) roof forms. The original design configuration is revealed in part by an outline of the dwelling in the Geelong Waterworks & Sewerage Trust Field Book plan for 1911 (Figure 1), and in part by physical evidence. In 1926, Ernest William Dew, a newsagent, purchased the dwelling. By the following year, 1927, he had built a gabled corner shop at the front of the Edwardian dwelling in which to operate his newsagency. These building works included the removal of a large proportion of the Edwardian front verandah. The changes are shown in the Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage for 1922 (showing the front verandah), and changes made to the drawing in 1927 with the new shop overlaid at the front (Figure 2). By 1935, Dew had sold the dwelling and newsagency to William Brebner. He leased the property to Alfred W. Colman who operated the newsagency. In 1950, the shop was operated by Percy W. and F. Beck.



4.0 Comparative Analysis The Edwardian cottage and attached interwar shop represent one of few remaining combined dwelling and shop examples in Newtown. Another example includes the dwelling and shop at 410 Latrobe Terrace, whereby the hipped roofed Victorian styled dwelling appears to have been built in c.1885 and the gabled projecting shop built earlier in c.1870. At 313 Pakington Street is a rudimentary Victorian brick cottage built in c.1870 with an attached interwar shop built in 1935-36. Other interwar shops of heritage value in Newtown include the shops at 388-392 Latrobe Terrace, built in 1927, and the shops at 331 and 333 Pakington Street, built in 1928-29 and 1934. These other examples feature similar stepped rectangular parapets that dominate the buildings, together with projecting cantilevered verandahs below which are metal framed shopfronts and ingoes.

5.0 Condition Good.

6.0 Integrity Moderate Integrity. The cantilevered verandah appears to have been introduced.



Extent of Heritage Overlay & Significance The HO apply to the whole of the site. Other Recommendations: Opportunities are available to remove the introduced return verandah and to reinstate a verandah at the front with reconstructed timber Edwardian detailing. Opportunities are also available to remove the introduced brick fence and replace it with a timber fence with Edwardian detailing.

8.0 References City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books 1860-1950, digital copies on CD, Geelong Heritage Centre. Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Plan of Drainage NN5595 (1922 & 1927).



Figure 1: Geelong Waterworks & Sewerage Trust Field Book plan, 102-000, showing the outline of the Edwardian dwelling in November 1911 (far left property). Source: Barwon Water.

Figure 2: Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Plan of Drainage NN5595, showing the outline of the new shop overlaid over the front yard and former front verandah of the Edwardian dwelling in 1927. Source: Barwon Water.



Name: Dwelling and Shop Address: 313 Pakington Street, Newtown Critical Dates: c. 1870 (dwelling) and 1935-36 (shop) Existing Level of Significance: Local Proposed Heritage Overlay: HO

Shop, 313 Pakington Street Cottage, 313 Pakington Street


The dwelling and shop at 313 Pakington Street, have significance as one of the few remaining suburban cottage and shop complexes in Newtown built in the 19th and early 20th centuries. The dwelling has significance as a representative example of a rudimentary Victorian style, built in the c.1870s. The shop was added in 1935-36 as a confectionary store and has subtle interwar Art Deco detailing on the parapet. The dwelling and shop are of moderate integrity and appear to be in fair-good condition when viewed from the street. The dwelling at 313 Pakington Street is architecturally significant at a LOCAL level (AHC D.2). It demonstrates original design qualities of a rudimentary Victorian style. These qualities include gable roof form that traverses the site, together the early concave verandah that projects towards the street frontage. Other intact or appropriate qualities include the modest scale, single storey height, symmetrical composition, corrugated sheet metal roof cladding, brick wall construction (but not the overpainting), brick chimney, central front doorway with four paneled timber door, flanking timber framed 12 paned double hung windows, and the cast iron verandah valances and brackets. The attached Pepper Corn tree (Schinus molle) is also rare and significant. The attached shop at 313 Pakington Street is architecturally significant at a LOCAL level (AHC D.2). It demonstrates original design qualities of an interwar style with subtle Art Deco detailing. These qualities include rectangular parapet having stepped cappings and a central stepped rectangular and curvilinear motif, and the projecting parapet piers, together with the shopfronts with the central ingo having angled timber framed and glazed doors and transoms above, and the flanking metal framed shopfronts with highlights. Other intact or appropriate qualities include the skillion roof form clad in corrugated profile sheet metal, cantilever profile verandah, brick wall construction, and the glazed tile surrounds to the shopfronts (but not the overpainting). The dwelling and shop at 313 Pakington Street, are historically significant at a LOCAL level (AHC A.4). The shop is a surviving legacy of suburban commercial development in Newtown in during the interwar period, while the dwelling has associations with Prepared by City of Greater Geelong 99



residential development in Newtown in the second half of the 19th century. Although built at different times (the dwelling appears to have been constructed in the c.1870s and the shop in 1935-36), the significance of the place lies in its evolutionary development. Overall, the dwelling and shop at 313 Pakington Street are of LOCAL significance.

2.0 Description The dwelling and shop at 313 Pakington Street is set on a corner allotment, having a frontage to Pakington Street, with the side boundary fronting onto Huntingdon Street. There is private open space to the north bound by a high metal palisade fence and dominated by a large peppercorn tree (Schinus molle). The cottage has a shallow front setback, being bound by a timber picket fence that forms the verandah balustrade. The shop is situated on the front and side boundaries. The modestly scaled, symmetrical, single storey, brick, rudimentary Victorian styled cottage is characterized by a double gabled roof form that traverses the site, together an early concave verandah that projects towards the street frontage. These roof forms are clad in corrugated sheet metal. At the rear are elongated gable roofed additions, together with a skillion addition at the side with entry door. An early brick chimney adorns the roofline on the north side. The symmetrical composition of the original cottage is distinguished by the early central front doorway with a four paneled timber door, and the flanking early timber framed 12 paned double hung windows. The verandah is supported by stop chamfered timber posts with projecting capital moulds. These posts have replaced original posts. The verandah is decorated with cast iron valances and brackets. The early wall construction has introduced overpainting, while the north wall has been rebuilt and windows have been introduced. The rear early gabled portion of the cottage is constructed of timber weatherboards, reflecting the description of the dwelling given in the Field Book plan for c.1912 (see following). The attached interwar shop has a skillion roof form clad in corrugated sheet metal that is obscured by the subtle Art Deco rectangular parapet having stepped cappings and a central stepped rectangular and curvilinear motif. The parapet is also characterized by early projecting piers having stepped cappings identical to the main parapet. There is also a stepped parapet on the southern side. A cantilevering verandah separates the parapet from the shopfronts. Although the form of the verandah appears to be early, the valance hoarding has been introduced. The brick shopfront appears to be early, featuring a central ingo having two angled timber and glazed doors with transoms above, and flanking early metal framed shopfront windows with highlights. The early glazed tile surrounds to the shopfronts have been painted over.

3.0 History The brick cottage at 313 Pakington Street appears to have been built before 1873-74. At this time, the Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books list a Thomas Powell, gardner, as owner of a “brick building, 4 rooms”, although it has not been confirmed whether this relates to the subject cottage. Powell was listed as a grocer in 1888. In 1895-96, the Rate Books identify Mary Davenport as owner of a four-roomed brick cottage with sheds on the subject site. An outline of the cottage and rear sheds is shown on the Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Field Book plan for c.1912 (Figure 1).



The adjoining shop at the corner of the site was built in 1935-36 for Emma Davenport, Mary Davenport’s daughter. At the time of the building of the shop, Andrew Duff, a labourer, occupied the cottage. An outline of the Victorian cottage with newly-attached shop is shown in the Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Drainage Plan for 1936 (Figure 2). By 1938, the store had opened as a confectionary shop operated by Miss S.M. Challen. By 1950, it was occupied by Thomas and Whitehand, confectioners, operated by Lindsay W. Thomas.

4.0 Comparative Analysis The Victorian cottage and the attached interwar shop represent one of few remaining dwelling and shop examples in Newtown. Another example includes the dwelling and shop at 410 Latrobe Terrace, whereby the hipped roofed Victorian styled dwelling appears to have been built in c.1885 and the gabled projecting shop built earlier in c.1870. At 312 Pakington Street, is a timber Edwardian dwelling built in 1907-08 and an interwar shop constructed at the front in 1926-27. Other interwar shops of heritage value in Newtown include the shops at 388-392 Latrobe Terrace, built in 1927, and the shops at 331-333 Pakington Street, built in 1929 and 1934. These other examples feature similar stepped rectangular parapets that dominate the buildings, together with projecting cantilevered verandahs below which are metal framed shopfronts and ingoes. The cottage is a representative example of the modestly-scaled, rudimentary Victorian styled dwellings built in Newtown between the late 1850s and 1870s. Other examples having simple gabled roof forms include:

• 12 Boswell Avenue, built in c.1859 in timber. The hipped convex front verandah was added later in c.1880.

• ‘Laburnum’, 9 Elderslie Terrace, built in c.1866 in timber. It has a curved skillion front verandah and a rear gabled addition.

• 402 Latrobe Terrace, built in c.1861 in timber as semi-detached dwellings. It features a convex front verandah supported by round cast iron columns and has decorative cast iron valances and brackets.

• 36 Marshall Street, built in c.1872 in timber. The multi-gabled cottage has a hipped concave front verandah.

• Craft Cottage, 21 Pleasant Street, built in c.1865 in rendered brick. The dwelling lacks a front verandah but is distinguished by a central round-arched entrance opening with contextually large flanking windows having moulded architraves.

• 13 Sharp Street, built in 1870 in timber. There is a convex verandah at the front.

5.0 Condition Good.

6.0 Integrity Moderate Integrity. The glazed tile shopfront surrounds have been painted over. The brick dwelling has also been painted and the north wall rebuilt.




External Paint Controls: No Internal Alteration Controls: No Tree Controls: Yes – Pepper Corn Tree Outbuildings and/or Fences: No

Extent of Heritage Overlay & Significance The HO apply to the whole of the site. Other Recommendations: Opportunities may be available to remove the introduced overpainting to the cottage and shop by approved chemical method.

8.0 References City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books 1860-1950, digital copies on CD, Geelong Heritage Centre. Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Field Book Plan 135-030, c.1912. Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage N4670 (1936). Context Pty Ltd with R. Peterson, B. Stafford & C. Kellaway, ‘City of Newtown Urban Conservation Study’, prepared for the City of Newtown, vol.3, 1991. R. Peterson & D. Catrice, ‘Newtown Urban Conservation Study C Citations’, prepared for the City of Newtown, vol.5a, 1996. Sands and McDougall’s Directories, 1914, 1938 & 1950.



Figure 1: Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Field Book plan, c.1912, showing early brick cottage with front verandah and rear outbuildings. Source: Barwon Water.






Name: Former Confectioner’s Shop Address: 331 Pakington Street, Newtown Critical Dates: 1928-29 Existing Level of Significance: Local Proposed Heritage Overlay: HO

1.0 Statement of Significance The former confectioner’s shop at 331 Pakington Street, has significance as one of a small number of interwar shops in Newtown still serving a commercial purpose. Of moderate-high integrity from the front, the shop was built in 1928-29. It has long associations with James Alexander McDonald who operated his confectioner’s shop from this location until at least the mid 20th century. The shop appears to be in fair-good condition when viewed from the street. The former confectioner’s shop at 331 Pakington Street is architecturally significant at a LOCAL level (AHC D.2). It demonstrates original interwar design qualities that include the stepped brick rectangular parapet with flanking clinker brick parapet piers and projecting concrete cappings, gabled roof form clad in corrugated profile sheet metal, and the stepped rectangular signage panel. Other intact or appropriate qualities include the projecting profile of the front verandah, metal framed shopfront windows with highlights, ingo with early timber framed and glazed door with highlight, and the glazed tile surrounds. The former confectioner’s shop at 331 Pakington Street, is historically significant at a LOCAL level (AHC A.4, H.1). It represents one of few remaining intact examples of suburban interwar commercial development in Newtown. Built in 1928-29, this building has particular associations with James Alexander McDonald who operated a confectioner’s shop from this location until at least the mid 20th century. Overall, the former confectioner’s shop at 331 Pakington Street is of LOCAL significance.




2.0 Description The interwar shop at 331 Pakington Street is characterised by a stepped brick rectangular parapet having flanking clinker brick parapet piers and projecting concrete cappings. A stepped rectangular signage panel is located within the parapet. Behind the parapet is a single storey gabled roof form clad in corrugated sheet metal. A skillion post-supported verandah that projects over the footpath appears to have replaced an earlier verandah. Below the verandah are early metal framed shopfront windows with highlights and an ingo with early timber framed and glazed door with highlight. The glazed tile surrounds are also early. The introduced associated brick dwelling forms the second storey addition to the building complex. It has gabled roof forms clad in corrugated sheet metal, brick chimneys and decorative gable infill (timber battening and cement sheet paneling).

3.0 History The City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books list the owners of the site at 331 Pakington Street, Newtown as John and Arthur A. Illingworth, in 1928. It appears that the site was sold at this time to James Alexander McDonald, a confectioner, who had this former confectionary shop (and an associated dwelling) built between 1928 and 1929, as the Rate Books reveal “dwelling and shop being erected”. An outline of the building is shown in the Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage for 1928 (Figure 1). According to Alwyne Merritt:

“McDonalds sold fruit and vegetables when the I moved to Nicholas Street in 1948. From about 1953 the shop was managed by Eunice Foote who with Husband “Buster” and their sons lived on site. The shop sold fruit, vegetables, confectionary (displayed in left inner window), yeast goods, lunches (including for the nearby school) and soft drinks. George Merritt (also owner of 333 Pakington Street) owned this property c1950’s -1960’s. A connecting door was put between 331 and 333 Pakington Street c1960.”

By August 1995, a two storey gabled residential addition was possibly constructed at the rear of the shop and it appears to also have been at this time when a single storey shop was constructed at 331A Pakington Street, featuring a similar clinker brick parapet pier, but with a curved parapet bay. It may have been at this time when the front post-supported verandah (that spans across both shops at 331 and 331A Pakington Street) replaced an earlier verandah.

4.0 Comparative Analysis The adjoining former butcher’s shop at 333 Pakington Street is immediately comparable to the shop at 331 Pakington Street. It features a similar stepped brick rectangular parapet with stepped rectangular signage panel and flanking clinker brick parapet piers, together with a projecting cantilevered verandah below which is a large shopfront window and side ingo and door opening. The panelled timber stall boards and panelled timber and glazed door may have been introduced. Other interwar shops of heritage value in Newtown include the shops at 388-392 Latrobe Terrace, built in 1927, and the shops at 312 and 313 Pakington Street, built in c.1927 and 1935-36. These other examples feature similar stepped rectangular parapets that dominate the buildings, together with projecting verandahs below which are metal framed shopfronts and ingoes.



A comparable modestly-scaled interwar confectioner’s shop in Geelong is at 56 Mt Pleasant Road, Belmont. This single storey brick shop was built in 1936-37 for Percival Bleasdale by Eric Lyons.

5.0 Condition Good.



6.0 Integrity Moderate-High Integrity. The verandah appears to have been introduced in 1995, replacing an earlier verandah.



Extent of Heritage Overlay & Significance The HO apply to the whole of the site. Other Recommendations: Opportunities are available to remove the introduced black paint over the glazed tiles at the sides of the shopfront windows, and to replace the front verandah.

8.0 References City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books 1860-1950, digital copies on CD, Geelong Heritage Centre. Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Plan of Drainage N6481 (1928). N6481A (1995 & 2004). Context Pty Ltd with R. Peterson, B. Stafford & C. Kellaway, ‘City of Newtown Urban Conservation Study’, prepared for the City of Newtown, vol.3, 1991. R. Peterson & D. Catrice, ‘Newtown Urban Conservation Study C Citations’, prepared for the City of Newtown, vol.5a, 1996. Sands and McDougall’s Directories, 1938 & 1950. D. Rowe, Authentic Heritage Services Pty Ltd, ‘Belmont Heritage Report’, vol.3, prepared for the City of Greater Geelong (peer reviewed by Wendy Jacobs), August 2008. Merritt Family, Family of Previous Owners, Personal Comments, 29 May 2009



Figure 1: Geelong Waterworks & Sewerage Trust Individual Plan of Drainage, N6481, 1928. Source: Barwon Water. The vacant land to the north (left) of the shop now comprises the shop at 331A Pakington Street.



Name: Former Butcher’s Shop Address: 333 Pakington Street, Newtown Critical Dates: 1934 Existing Level of Significance: Local Proposed Heritage Overlay: HO

1.0 Statement of Significance The former butcher’s shop at 333 Pakington Street, has significance as one of a small number of interwar shops in Newtown still serving a commercial purpose. Of moderate integrity from the front, the shop was built in 1934. It has long associations with George Merritt, butcher, who operated his shop from this location throughout the 1930s and 1940s, initially with Reginald (Jim) Ensby. From 1947, the butcher’s shop was operated by George’s brother, Herbert. The shop appears to be in fair-good condition when viewed from the street. The former butcher’s shop at 333 Pakington Street is architecturally significant at a LOCAL level (AHC D.2). It demonstrates original interwar design qualities that include the stepped brick rectangular parapet with flanking clinker brick parapet piers and projecting concrete cappings, gabled roof form clad in corrugated profile sheet metal, and the stepped rectangular signage panel. Other intact or appropriate qualities include the projecting cantilevered verandah, metal framed shopfront windows with highlights, ingo with door opening, and the transom above the door. The former butcher’s shop at 333 Pakington Street, is historically significant at a LOCAL level (AHC A.4, H.1). It represents one of few remaining intact examples of suburban interwar commercial development in Newtown. Built in 1934, this building has particular associations with George Merritt, butcher, who operated a butcher’s shop from this location in the 1930s and 1940s. The business was carried on by his brother, Herbert from 1945.




Overall, the former butcher’s shop at 333 Pakington Street is of LOCAL significance.

2.0 Description The interwar shop at 333 Pakington Street is characterised by a stepped brick rectangular parapet having flanking clinker brick parapet piers and projecting concrete cappings. A stepped rectangular signage panel is located within the parapet. Behind the parapet is a single storey gabled roof form clad in corrugated sheet metal, together with adjoining flat-roofed additions. Projecting at the front is a cantilevered verandah supported by steel trusses and cables. The verandah may be early although the cables are possibly introduced. Below the verandah is an early metal front shopfront with highlights and ingo. The paneled timber and glazed door has been introduced, as appears to have been the paneled stallboards below the shopfront window. The transom above the door appears to be early.

3.0 History The City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books list the owners of the site at 333 Pakington Street, Newtown as John and Arthur A. Illingworth, in 1933. Listed as “vacant land” at this time, the existing shop had been built by 1934 and leased to Reginal J. Ensby and George Merritt, butchers. An outline of the building is shown on the Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage for 1993-35 (Figure 1). According to Alwyne Merritt:

“George Merritt (1909-1996) purchased “Prospect,” a farm at Ceres, in 1943 and had little involvement with the day-today operations of the business after that. Herbert Merritt (1911-2000) brother to George left his trade as an upholsterer to work for George c1933 and remained at that business until retirement in 1976. Herbert purchased the business from George in 1945 and the property in 1947. It continued as a butchers shop after 1976 when both business and property were sold to a Mr Pike”

4.0 Comparative Analysis

The adjoining shop at 331 Pakington Street is immediately comparable to the shop at 333 Pakington Street. It features a similar stepped brick rectangular parapet with stepped rectangular signage panel and flanking clinker brick parapet piers, together with a projecting verandah below which is a large shopfront window and side ingo and door opening. Other interwar shops of heritage value in Newtown include the shops at 388-392 Latrobe Terrace, built in 1927, and the shops at 312 and 313 Pakington Street, built in c.1927 and 1935-36. These other examples feature similar stepped rectangular parapets that dominate the buildings, together with projecting verandahs below which are metal framed shopfronts and ingoes.

5.0 Condition Good.

6.0 Integrity Moderate Integrity. The shopfront stall boards and door appear to have been introduced, replacing earlier surrounds and door.




External Paint Controls: Yes (parapet only) Internal Alteration Controls: No Tree Controls: No Outbuildings and/or Fences: No


8.0 References City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books 1860-1950, digital copies on CD, Geelong Heritage Centre. Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Plan of Drainage N6481 (1928). Context Pty Ltd with R. Peterson, B. Stafford & C. Kellaway, ‘City of Newtown Urban Conservation Study’, prepared for the City of Newtown, vol.3, 1991. R. Peterson & D. Catrice, ‘Newtown Urban Conservation Study C Citations’, prepared for the City of Newtown, vol.5a, 1996. Sands and McDougall’s Directories, 1938 & 1950. D. Rowe, Authentic Heritage Services Pty Ltd, ‘Belmont Heritage Report’, vol.3, prepared for the City of Greater Geelong (peer reviewed by Wendy Jacobs), August 2008. Merritt Family, Family of Previous Owners, Personal Comments, 29 May 2009



Figure 1: Geelong Waterworks & Sewerage Trust Individual Plan of Drainage, NN4580, 1933-35. Source: Barwon Water.



Name: Cremorne Hotel Address: 336 Pakington Street, Newtown Critical Dates: 1894 Existing Level of Significance: Local Proposed Heritage Overlay: HO


The Cremorne Hotel at 336 Pakington Street, Newtown, has significance as the only surviving hotel design by the prominent architectural firm of Watts, Tombs and Durran (later Tombs and Durran). Although altered, the Federation Queen Anne design qualities are clearly discernible. Built in 1894 as substantial alterations and additions to an earlier hotel building constructed on the site before 1854, the hotel appears to be in good condition when viewed from the street. The Cremorne Hotel at 336 Pakington Street is architecturally significant at a LOCAL level (AHC D.2). Although altered, it still demonstrates original design qualities of Federation Queen Anne style. These qualities include the corner bay surmounted by Dutch (curvilinear) gables having a blind oculus and rectangular panel respectively, broad hipped roof forms clad in corrugated sheet metal, semi-circular arched window opening (with timber framed windows) on the north façade of the corner pavilion, two western-most single windows on the north façade and the first floor openings on the west façade with timber framed double hung windows having six paned upper sashes. Other early qualities include the projecting stringcourses, slightly projecting plinth, single ground floor door openings (although one opening has been altered). The first floor eastern additions on the north façade (Russell Street) also contribute to the significance of the building and reflect its evolution and development.




The Cremorne Hotel at 336 Pakington Street, is historically significant at a LOCAL level (AHC A.4, H.1). It has associations with a hotel business on this site for over 150 years from prior to 1854. In particular, this building represents the only known surviving hotel design by the prominent Geelong architects, Watts, Tombs and Durran, having been built in 1894. Overall, the Cremorne Hotel at 336 Pakington Street is of LOCAL significance.

2.0 Description The hotel at 336 Pakington Street is set on the Title boundaries at the south-east corner of Pakington and Russell Streets. The hotel building has been constructed over a large part of the site, with a carpark at the rear. The asymmetrical, two storey, painted brick, early Federation Queen Anne styled hotel building is characterized by a corner bay surmounted by Dutch (curvilinear) gables having a blind oculus and rectangular panel respectively. Overall, these gables form part of broader hipped roof forms that traverse the Pakington and Russell Street facades. These facades have an early semi-circular arched window opening (with timber framed windows) on the north façade of the corner pavilion, while the two western-most single windows on the north façade and the first floor openings on the west façade are original. They feature timber framed double hung windows with six paned upper sashes. The other first floor windows on the north façade represent the additions of c.1935-50. The building is accessed on the ground floor through two door openings on the north façade and another opening on the west façade. The opening closest to the corner are early, although the round-arched head that initially characterized the northern opening has been altered into a square head with transom. The ground floor windows on the west façade also represent 20th century alterations. Other early features of the design include the projecting stringcourses and projecting plinth along the building base with ventilation openings. The overpainting on the external walls, post-supported verandah and external signage have been introduced.

3.0 History Cremorne Hotel The site at 336 Pakington Street is located on land known as Lot 1 of TP683066S which is part of Crown Allotment 2 (part), Section 3, Parish of Moorpanyal. Allotment 2 originally comprised 23 acres (between Bond and Sharp Streets, and Latrobe Terrace and Pakington Street), the first Crown Land owner being T. Foster from 27 June 1849. The first Cremorne Hotel building was constructed at the south-eastern corner of Pakington and Russell Streets soon after, as a hotel building (annotated as the Cremorne Hotel) is shown on a map of Chilwell by J.H. Taylor for 1854. In 1860-61, the City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books list Joshua Metcalfe as the occupier of a 13-roomed house on the site. It appears that the house was the early hotel building, for in 1873-74 Metcalfe is listed as a “publican”, the building being owned by Alexander McDonald. On 23 October 1894, the Geelong architectural firm of Watts, Tombs and Durran called tenders for “alterations and additions to the Cremorne Hotel for Messrs. Hodges Bros.” The existing corner building on the site today largely reflects the early Federation Queen Anne design by the architects. Their original design is shown in an early photograph dated c.1914-20 when Richard Miller was publican (Figure 1). It shows a two storey face brick building accentuated by two Dutch (curvilinear) gables at the north-west corner. These gables featured blind oculus and a rectangular panel respectively. Hipped roofs



provided the overall form to the building that was adorned with brick chimneys having corbelled tops. Below the gable on the north (Russell Street) façade was a large semi-circular first floor window opening with timber framed windows. There were also two single timber framed multi-paned first floor windows to the east, the building then terminating with an eastern single storey wing. On the ground floor of the north façade was a round-arched door opening with additional paired and single windows east of it. On the west façade were other window and door openings, the window near the corner having a segmentally-arched head. The Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Fieldbook for c.1912 (Figure 2) shows the outline of the hotel building which included a cellar under the building in the north-west corner. A similar outline of the hotel is revealed on the Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Detail Plan No. 66 for October 1917. From 1921, the publican of the hotel was Lawrence Walsh. It appears that his wife, Mary E. Walsh took over this role in 1923. The following year, 1924, the Estate of Isaac Hodges sold the building to Carlton United Breweries Ltd. Mary Walsh continued as publican although Bert Mason took over in the ensuing years before Mrs Lee was listed in this role in 1935. It appears to have been between 1935 and 1950 when the Queen Anne styled hotel building was extended and altered. The single storey wing on the eastern side was given a first floor addition, while the original ground floor windows were either replaced or the openings enlarged. These changes are shown on the photograph of the building for 1972 (Figure 3). By this time, the brick walls had been painted. The existing post-supported return verandah that extends over the footpaths was added between 1982 and 1995, as it is not shown on the Geelong Waterworks & Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage for 1982 (Figure 4). By 1995, a single storey wing had also been added to the southern end of the building, fronting Pakington Street (Figure 5). Watts, Tombs and Durran Architects The prominent Geelong architect, Joseph Watts (1816-c.1895) emigrated to Victoria in 1853, having been trained as an architect in Peterborough, Northampton, England. Classing himself as a bricklayer upon arrival, he is first mentioned as an architect in Geelong in 1865. He was a most successful architect in Geelong throughout the 1870s and 1880s, and entered into partnership with John Stuart Jackson between 1881 and 1883. Watts took into partnership James Durran, local Geelong architect, in 1891. This was followed by William Allen Tombs, architect of New Zealand, in 1893, the practice being known as Watts, Tombs and Durran. One of the earliest works by the Watts, Tombs and Durran partnership was the Public Library at Winchelsea in 1893. Between 1893 and until Watts' apparent death in 1895, the firm was responsible for the designs of at least 8 villa residences in Geelong.

4.0 Comparative Analysis Other Hotels by Tombs and Durran Tombs and Durran were responsible for the designs of two other Federation era hotel buildings in Geelong. In c.1905, they designed the Railway Hotel at 118 Latrobe Terrace, Geelong West. This two storey hotel building was originally constructed with contrasting red brick and render and had a central entrance bay with the familiar semi-circular window above. In 1911, they designed the first section of the Victoria Hotel in Malop Street, the façade being composed of bow windows, small balconies and parapet with inverted scallop motif. It was also in 1911 when Tombs and Durran designed the Olive Branch Hotel. This and the Railway and Victoria Hotels have been demolished.



Other Federation Era Hotels According to Richard Aitken in ‘Edwardian Geelong: An Architectural Introduction’, “most of the building projects involving hotels early in the [20th] century were rebuilding or alterations to existing buildings.” Like the Cremorne Hotel, another Victorian hotel building that now presents a Federation era appearance is the Sawyers Arms Hotel in Noble Street. It was remodelled by the Geelong architects, Laird and Buchan in c.1907. The Barwon Club Hotel in Moorabool Street, South Geelong, represents another hotel building with Victorian origins and remodelled in the early 20th century. Constructed in 1910, the Barwon Club is more intact than the Cremorne, being an unusual example of Queen Anne design as expressed in its siting, form and notable details, including a semi-circular corner entrance, Art nouveau decoration, and timber Doric columns.

5.0 Condition Good.

6.0 Integrity Moderately intact. The first floor eastern wing contributes to the significance of the building as part of its evolution.



Extent of Heritage Overlay & Significance The HO apply to the whole of the site. Other Recommendations: Opportunities are available to remove the overpainting (by approved chemical method) and to remove the return verandah to reveal more of the early design.

8.0 References City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books 1860-1950, digital copies on CD, Geelong Heritage Centre. Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage NN5362 (1978). Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Field Book 092_006 (c. 1912) J.H. Taylor, Map of Geelong, Newtown & Chilwell, 1854, State Library of Victoria. R. Aitken, ‘Edwardian Geelong: An Architectural Introduction’, Architectural thesis, Deakin University, 1979. Aitken, Honman & Huddle, ‘City of Geelong West Urban Conservation Study’, prepared for the City of Geelong West, 1986. Graeme Butler & Associates, ‘City of Geelong Urban Conservation Study. prepared for the City of Geelong, 1991.


Geelong Heritage Centre Photograph collection. D. Rowe, ‘Architecture of Geelong 1860-1900’, B. Arch Thesis, Deakin University, 1991.


Figure 1: Cremorne Hotel, c.1914-20. Source: Geelong Heritage Centre, Folio 249690.

Figure 2: Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Field Book 092_006 (c. 1912). Source: Barwon Water.



Figure 3: Cremorne Hotel, 1972. Source: Ian Wynd collection, image alb02f0930.




Figure 5: Cremorne Hotel, 1995. Source: Wynd collection, p68r01f04, Geelong Heritage Centre.



Name: Residence Address: 366A Pakington Street, Newtown Critical Dates: 1950 Existing Level of Significance: Local Proposed Heritage Overlay: HO

1.0 Statement of Significance The residence at 366A Pakington Street, has significance as an intact and distinguished example of a postwar ‘waterfall front’ style in Newtown. Built in 1950 for Sydney Thomas, the building appears to be in good condition when viewed from the street. The low solid cream brick fence with metal gates also contributes to the significance of the place. The residence at 366A Pakington Street is architecturally significant at a LOCAL level (AHC D.2, E.1). It demonstrates original and distinguished design qualities of a postwar ‘waterfall front’ style in Newtown. These qualities include the double fronted composition with a broad recessive hipped roof and a minor hip that projects towards the front, curved, flat-roofed cantilevered porch over the front entrance and the curved building corners. Other intact or appropriate qualities include the asymmetrical and detached composition, cream brick wall construction, terra cotta tile roof cladding, broad eaves, substantial, stepped brick front chimney and the rear brick chimney, timber framed and glazed front door with sidelights, and the timber framed double hung windows (arranged in a bank of three on the projecting hipped bay). The residence at 366A Pakington Street, is historically significant at a LOCAL level (AHC A.4, H.1). It is associated with residential developments in Newtown in the mid 20th century, having been built for Sydney Thomas in 1950. Overall, the residence at 366A Pakington Street is of LOCAL significance.




2.0 Description The residence at 366A Pakington Street is set on a rectangular allotment, with an open grassed area and perimeter garden beds at the front, and a concrete-paved driveway along the north side. An early low cream brick fence with curved corner at the northern end, together with early metal vehicular gates, form the front boundary. The asymmetrical, single storey, cream brick, postwar ‘waterfall front’ styled house is characterised by a double fronted composition with a broad recessive hipped roof and a minor hip that projects towards the front. These roof forms are clad in terra cotta tiles. A curved, flat-roofed cantilevered levered porch is situated over the front entrance. The front of the dwelling is especially distinguished by the curved corners that express the simple geometry of postwar ‘modern’ design. The front is also accentuated by the substantial, stepped brick chimney. A more conventional chimney is situated at the rear. Other intact or appropriate qualities include the timber framed and glazed front door with sidelights, timber framed double hung windows (arranged in a bank of three on the projecting hipped bay), and the broad eaves.

3.0 History In 1950, the City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books list the newly-completed dwelling at 366A Pakington Street being owned by Sydney Thomas. An outline of the dwelling soon after completion is shown in the Geelong Waterworks & Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage N5135 (Figure 1).

4.0 Comparative Analysis Few other postwar ‘waterfall front’ styled dwellings have been identified in previous heritage studies. In Belmont, the Elderslie Estate Heritage Area (HO1909) is characterised by a contextually substantial number of postwar Bungalows, although most do not express the ‘waterfall front’ with curved corners as the dwelling at 366A Pakington Street. Possibly one of the more comparable dwellings is at 40 Eastern Beach, Geelong, also built in 1950. A more substantial two storey example of the ‘waterfall front’ type, it has low pitched, hipped roof forms clad in terra cotta tiles, and curved flat-roofed bays that project at the front and side. It also has wide eaves, rectilinear brick chimney, streamlined timber framed windows with large expanses of glazing on the first floor, first floor curved balcony, sweeping concrete stairs that follow the curved form of the side bay, projecting flat-roofed ground floor porch, and metal balcony and porch balustrades, window grill, and stair balustrade.

5.0 Condition Good





Extent of Heritage Overlay & Significance To the extent of the whole site. Other Recommendations:

8.0 References City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books 1860-1950, digital copies on CD, Geelong Heritage Centre. Geelong Waterworks & Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage N5135 (1949/50). Source: Barwon Water. G. Butler & Associates, City of Geelong Urban Conservation Study, 1991.


Figure 1: Geelong Waterworks & Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage N5135 (1949/50). Source: Barwon Water.



Name: Residence Address: 46 Retreat Road, Newtown Critical Dates: 1938 Existing Level of Significance: Local Proposed Heritage Overlay: HO


The residence at 46 Retreat Road, Newtown, has significance as an intact and representative example of a late interwar Old English style and is reflective of the standard designs prepared for the State Savings Bank as part of its Credit Foncier Loan Scheme. Built in 1938 for Marjorie N. Rushbrook, the dwelling appears to be in good condition when viewed from the street. The low front brick fence and metal gate also contribute to the significance of the place. The residence at 46 Retreat Road is architecturally significant at a LOCAL level (AHC D.2, E.1). It demonstrates original design qualities of a late interwar Old English style, and has a particular affinity with the State Savings Bank’s “Design C.F.4” as part of its Credit Foncier Loan Scheme. These qualities include the picturesque arrangement of gable roof forms, with a dominant traversing gable and two minor gables projecting towards the front, and another projecting at the side towards the rear. Other intact or appropriate qualities include the asymmetrical composition, single storey height, clinker brick wall construction, terra cotta tile roof cladding, front porch with round-arched entrance and small timber framed window formed under the extension of the projecting front gable, stepped brick chimneys with terra cotta pots, brick corbelling to the gable ends, timber framed double hung windows (arranged in a bank of three on the front gable and as corner and single windows), and the modest eaves. The front low brick fence and metal gate also contribute to the significance of the property.




The residence at 46 Retreat Road, is historically significant at a LOCAL level (AHC A.4, H.1). It is associated with residential developments in Newtown during the late interwar period, and probably with the State Savings Bank of Victoria's finance, design and construction (Credit Foncier) scheme. It was built in 1938 for Marjorie N. Rushbrook. Overall, the residence at 46 Retreat Road is of LOCAL significance.

2.0 Description The property at 46 Retreat Road has a wide frontage to the street, reflecting the late interwar era in which it was developed. It has a modest front setback comprising open grassed areas with perimeter garden beds. A curving concrete pedestrian path connects the front boundary to the dwelling and appears to be early. On the front boundary is an early low solid brick fence with projecting piers. The metal gate at the front also appears to be early. The asymmetrical, single storey, clinker brick, late interwar Old English styled dwelling is characterised by a picturesque arrangement of gable roof forms, with a dominant traversing gable and two minor gables projecting towards the front and another projecting at the side towards the rear. These roof forms are clad in terra cotta tiles. The picturesque character of the design is especially expressed in the projecting front gable that extends to form a front porch accessed by a round-arched entrance. Other early features include the stepped brick chimneys with terra cotta pots, brick corbelling to the gable ends, timber framed double hung windows (arranged in a bank of three on the front gable and as corner and single windows), small timber framed porch window at the front and the modest eaves.

3.0 History The site at 46 Retreat Road is located on Lot 1 of plan LP14641 which is part of Crown Allotment 6 (part), Section 7, Parish of Moorpanyal. The dwelling on the site was built in 1938, as outlined in the Geelong Waterworks & Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage for that year (Figure 1). In 1940, the City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books show Marjorie N. Rushbrook, home duties, as the owner of the dwelling.

4.0 Comparative Analysis State Savings Bank Dwellings The design and detailing of the dwelling at 46 Retreat Road suggests that it was built as part of the State Savings Bank of Victoria's financial, design and construction scheme. One of the first schemes of this type was offered by the Commonwealth Government at the end of the First World War to assist returned servicemen. This scheme was developed near Sydney known as Daceyville, whereby a range of cottage types were designed and planned as a small 'garden' village. Similar prototype housing developments were established at Lithgow, N.S.W., and in Canberra by the Department of Home Affairs in the late 1910s and early 1920s, under the design leadership of Chief Architect, John Smith Murdoch. The scheme operated by the State Savings Bank of Victoria between the 1920s and 1940s also provided a range of cottage types and plans designed by Melbourne architect, G. Burridge Leith. He created around 50 S.S.B. (State Savings Bank) designs in Victoria, initially mostly of timber and generally of five main rooms. The Bank's scheme involved the lending of a high percentage of the finance required for erecting homes for low income earners, in accordance with certain conditions. Under Victoria's Housing Act of 1920, the Credit Foncier System enabled housing loans to be more widely



available. Loans were made on houses and shops based on the security of title of the land. The conditions of the loans included the following: that the applicant could not own a dwelling house in Victoria or elsewhere; that the applicant could not be in receipt of an income of more than £400 a year; that a married woman would not be eligible for a loan unless her husband was also eligible; and that the entire cost of the house (including land, outbuildings, fences, lighting, water supply, drainage, and sewerage) did not exceed £800. Particularly comparable with the dwelling at 46 Retreat Road was the S.S.B’s “Book of Designs for Homes” that was published in January 1940. The object of the book was to assist “members of the public in their choice of homes to suit varying requirements”, the exterior designs having been “prepared on simple but modern lines.” The dwelling at 46 Retreat Road has a close affinity with the Bank’s “Design C.F.4” (Figure 2). It featured a similar steeply pitched gable roof form that traversed the site and had picturesque gables project towards the front, the larger extending to form an entrance porch accessed by an arched opening. Corbelled gable ends, clinker brick construction, corner windows and a prominent chimney represent other similar features. Other Late Interwar Old English Dwellings in Geelong Within the City of Greater Geelong are a select number of locally significant Old English styled dwellings that are comparable to the dwelling at 46 Retreat Road. These dwellings are at:

• 25 Amundsen Street, Belmont, built 1947-48 by Eric Lyons. A local builder, Lyons completed a three-year Building, Construction and Architecture course with the International Correspondence School. From the late 1930s he built many houses under the State Bank finance scheme, with the Bank’s plans and specifications adapted by him to suit his clients.

• 22 Regent Street, Belmont, built 1947-48 by Eric Lyons. • 11 Kardinia Street, Belmont, built c.1953. • 26 Regent Street, Belmont, built 1952 by Eric Lyons. • 17 Bell Parade, Drumcondra, built c.1940. • Former Caretaker’s Residence, Eastern Park, Geelong, built 1942 to a design by

local architect, Fred Purnell.

5.0 Condition Good.



External Paint Controls: Yes Internal Alteration Controls: No Tree Controls: No Outbuildings and/or Fences: Yes- front fence




8.0 References City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books 1860-1950, digital copies on CD, Geelong Heritage Centre. Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Field Book 167-008 (Nov 1912). Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage N4782 (1938). P. Cuffley, Australian Houses of the '20s and '30s, The Five Mile Press, 1989, pp. 14-20. G. Butler, The Californian Bungalow in Australia, Lothian Books, 1992, pp. 31-46. D. Rowe, 'Building a National Image: The Architecture of John Smith Murdoch, Australia's First Commonwealth Government Architect', PhD (Architecture) Thesis, Deakin University, 1997. State Savings Bank of Victoria, Designs for Homes under Credit Foncier Loan Conditions, January 1940, City of Greater Geelong collection. Aitken, Huddle & Honman, City of Geelong West Urban Conservation Study, vol.2, prepared for the City of Geelong West, 1986. W. Pomroy & P. Naughtin, Eric J. Lyons Master Builder, Patsey Pacific Publications, Belmont, 2004. City of Greater Geelong, ‘Eastern Park & Geelong Botanic Gardens: Heritage Council Registrations Committee Hearing’, August 2006.




Figure 2: State Savings Bank Design Type C.F.4. Source: State Savings Bank of Victoria, Designs for Homes under Credit Foncier Loan Conditions, January 1940, City of Greater Geelong collection.



Name: Residence Address: 11 Stinton Avenue, Newtown Critical Dates: 1929-30 Existing Level of Significance: Local Proposed Heritage Overlay: HO


The dwelling at 11 Stinton Avenue, Newtown, has significance as a predominantly intact and unusual example of an interwar Bungalow style in Newtown. Built in 1929-30 for Leslie J. Parker, auctioneer, the dwelling is reflective of the substantial residential development in the area during the interwar period. It appears to be in good condition when viewed from the street. The dwelling at 11 Stinton Avenue is architecturally significant at a LOCAL level (AHC D.2,). It demonstrates original design qualities of an unusual interwar Bungalow style. These qualities include the broad hipped roof form, together with the minor gable and flat roofed verandah that project towards the street frontage. This asymmetrical composition of forms has a greater affinity with Edwardian design. Other intact or appropriate qualities include the single storey height, face brick wall construction, slate roof cladding, sheet metal verandah roof cladding, two brick chimneys, broad eaves, face brick verandah piers with clinker brick soldier-coursed tops and concrete cappings, paired squat and tapered Doric concrete verandah columns, large segmentally-arched window opening on the front gable accentuated by clinker brick voussoirs and with timber framed windows and highlights (unusual for interwar Bungalow of this scale), other timber framed double hung windows, front doorway with sidelight, and the timber shingling in the gable end.




The dwelling at 11 Stinton Avenue, is historically significant at a LOCAL level (AHC A.4, H.1). It is associated with the substantial increase in residential development in Newtown during the interwar period. It was built in 1929-30 for Leslie J Parker, auctioneer. Overall, the dwelling at 11 Stinton Avenue is of LOCAL significance.

2.0 Description The dwelling at 11 Stinton Avenue is set on an average-sized allotment. It has a small front setback comprising open grassed areas with perimeter garden beds and a side driveway. The low front boundary front fence has been introduced. The asymmetrical, single storey, face brick, interwar Bungalow styled house is characterised by a broad hipped roof form, together with a minor gable and flat roofed verandah that project towards the street frontage. The main roofs are unusually clad in slate, while the verandah has a sheet metal roof. Two early brick chimneys adorn the roofline. Broad overhangs are features of the eaves. A feature of the design is the front verandah. It is supported by face brick piers with clinker brick soldier-coursed tops and concrete cappings, which in turn support paired squat and tapered Doric concrete columns. Other early features of the design include in the large segmentally-arched window opening on the front gable accentuated by clinker brick voussoirs and with timber framed windows and highlights (unusual for an interwar Bungalow of this modest scale), other timber framed double hung windows, front doorway with sidelight, and the timber shingling in the gable end.

3.0 History The site at 11 Stinton Avenue is located on Lot 1 of plan TP697908Q which is part of Crown Allotment 3 (part), Section 6, Parish of Moorpanyal. The City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books reveal that this dwelling was built between 1929 and 1930 for Leslie J. Parker, an auctioneer. An early outline of the dwelling is shown on the Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage for 1929-30. From the front, little has changed since that time. In 1945, the Rate Books list John C. Parkes- accountant as the owner.

4.0 Comparative Analysis The dwelling at 11 Stinton Avenue represents a modest but contextually unusual intact example of a brick interwar Bungalow in Newtown. There are numerous examples of Bungalow types in the area, a comparable example being at 11 Stinton Avenue, built in 1926-27. This dwelling has a gable roof form that traverses the site and a minor gable roof and broken back verandah that project towards the front. It is especially distinguished for its brick construction.

5.0 Condition Good.






8.0 References City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books 1860-1950, digital copies on CD, Geelong Heritage Centre. Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage N4546 (1929/30).


Figure 1: Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage N4546 (1929/30). Source: Barwon Water.



Name: “Barrabool”

Address: 16 Stinton Avenue, Newtown Critical Dates: 1893 Existing Level of Significance: Local Proposed Heritage Overlay: HO

1.0 Statement of Significance ”Barrabool” at 16 Stinton Avenue, Newtown, has significance as an intact, rare and early known surviving example of the work of the Geelong architect, Thomas Seeley, and for its associations with late 19th century residential building development as part of the Newtown Hillside Estate. ‘Barrabool’ was built in 1893 for William Grutzner, successful dyer and scourer and owner of the Victorian Dye and Cleaning Works. The dwelling appears to be in good condition when viewed from the street. ”Barrabool” at 16 Stinton Avenue is architecturally significant at a LOCAL level (AHC D.2, E.1). It represents one of the earliest known surviving examples of the work of Geelong architect, Thomas Seeley, and it demonstrates original design qualities of a Late Victorian style. These qualities include the hipped roof form, together with the rear double hipped (M) roof forms and the bullnosed verandah that projects towards the front and sides. Other intact or appropriate qualities include the symmetrical composition, single storey height, corrugated profile sheet metal roof cladding, horizontal timber weatherboard wall cladding, four strapped red brick chimneys with terra cotta pots, modest eaves with brackets and diamond panels between projecting central gabled verandah portico, timber verandah posts, cast iron verandah valances and brackets, timber framed doorway with sidelights and highlights, and the timber framed double hung windows. “Barrabool” at 16 Stinton Avenue is historically significant at a LOCAL level (AHC A.4, H.1). It is associated with residential developments in Newtown in the late 19th century Prepared by City of Greater Geelong 132



and has particular associations with the Newtown Hillside Estate subdivision of 1888 and with the Geelong architect, Thomas Seeley. It was built in 1893 for William Grutzner, successful dyer and scourer and owner of the Victorian Dye and Cleaning Works Company in Geelong. Overall, “Barrabool” at 16 Stinton Avenue is of LOCAL significance.

2.0 Description “Barrabool” at 16 Stinton Avenue is set on a corner allotment and has modest front setbacks to Stinton Avenue and Nicholas Street, defined by open grassed areas with perimeter garden beds and shrubs. The front is bound by a low timber picket fence that complements the setting and house design. The symmetrical, single storey, horizontal timber weatherboard, Late Victorian styled detached house is characterised by a hipped roof form, together with rear double hipped (M) roof forms and a bullnosed verandah that projects towards the front and sides. These roof forms are clad in corrugated sheet metal. Four early strapped red brick chimneys with terra cotta pots adorn the roofline. Modest overhangs with timber brackets (with diamond panels between) are features of the eaves. An early feature of the design is the front verandah. It has a projecting central gabled portico at the front and is supported by timber posts. It also features elaborate cast iron valances and brackets. Other early features of the design include the central timber framed doorway with sidelights and highlights and the timber framed double hung windows.

3.0 History

‘Barrabool’ The site at 16 Stinton Avenue initially formed part of land sales in the 1850s and 1860s as shown in an historic subdivision plan of the area (titled plan F27). In 1888, the site formed part of ‘Block C’ of “62 magnificent villa sites” offered for sale as the Newtown Hillside Estate by W.P. Carr and T. Roadknight and Co. The existing dwelling at 16 Stinton Avenue was built in 1893 to a design by the Geelong architect, Thomas Seeley, for William Grutzner. In 1895-96, the Rate Books describe the property as a wooden cottage of 8 rooms with coach house and land. Grutzner was a dyer and scourer and owner of the Victorian Dye and Cleaning Works in Moorabool Street. He advertised his business in the Geelong Advertiser on 13 July 1889 as follows:

“William Grutzner, Dyer and Scourer. Gentlemen’s Clothes cleaned, dyed and repaired. Ladies’ Dresses and materials dyed all colours. Newest Shades. Lace, Madras Guipure Curtains, etc., cleaned and dyed, Cream, Ecru, Coffee and Old Gold. Gloves and Kid Shoes cleaned, Carpets cleaned. Parcels sent for and delivered. Country orders promptly attended to, and forwarded by post or rail.”

In 1897-98, the property appears to have been leased by William James Cottier, stock inspector for twelve months. John Robert Tuffs was listed in the Rate Books at this address in 1908-09, the same year that the property was sold to William Ley, farmer. He continued to own the property until after the First World War.



The Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Field book for May 1912 reveal that the dwelling was named “Barrabool” at this time (Figure 1). An outline of the dwelling was given showing an encircling verandah around the front portion, together with a central projecting verandah portico at the front. At the rear of the dwelling was a wash house, shed, buggy shed and stable, and an outhouse in the opposite rear corner. These outbuildings have subsequently been demolished. Single storey additions have been constructed at the rear of the dwelling in the 20th century, without impacting the character and appearance or integrity of the original fabric. The Architect: Thomas Seeley The following biographical & comparative details are taken from D. Rowe, 'Architecture of Geelong 1860-1900': Thomas Frederick Seeley was born on 4 February 1848 in Edmunds, Suffolk, England, the son of Mr Elijah Seeley who became a contractor in Geelong when the family migrated to the area in 1857. After being educated at the Geelong Wesleyan School, Thomas Seeley went to work for his father, learning the trade of a contractor and builder. However at the same time Seeley studied architecture and joined the first Technological School in Geelong and in 1871 he graduated with the distinction of producing the best five architectural drawings in Victoria. Thomas Seeley advertised as a contractor throughout the 1870s and in August 1877 he gave notice in the Geelong Advertiser that he had taken into partnership Benjamin Pittock, under the name of Seeley and Pittock. Seeley was a member of the Independent Order of Rechabites by 1870 and was Treasurer in 1881, and he was made an honorary secretary of the Total Abstinence Society in April 1888. It was not until 1891 that Seeley advertised as an architect, and on 8 October 1895 he took into partnership his employee, G.R. King. King was younger and probably possessed fresh energy and enthusiasm to revitalize and expand the practice.

4.0 Comparative Analysis Other Designs by Seeley & King At least half of the work of the Seeley & King practice derived from commissions of shop and store owners. These buildings included the Wrathall Printing Office, James Street, Geelong (1895), Howard Shops, Moorabool Street, Geelong (1898), and an Iron Store, Moorabool Street, Geelong (1898). They also designed a school room in Villamanta Street, Geelong West, in 1895, and the Yarra Street Wesleyan Church School Hall in 1898. The firm's early 20th century work included the commission from the Geelong Harbor Trust in 1905 to provide a standard design for all boat houses at Barwon Heads. Together with the Latrines Shed at 1 Ozone Road, Barwon Heads, some of these boat houses survive at 10-12 Ewing Blyth Drive and 11 Flinders Parade, Barwon Heads. Apart from the former Winchelsea Shire Offices, no other civic commissions are known to have been designed by them. Importantly, the firm was also responsible for numerous villas and other dwellings throughout Geelong in the late 19th century. Few of Seeley’s other domestic designs have been recorded, although it is known that, in partnership with George King, he was commissioned to design the additions to ‘Kelvin’ at 11-13 Aphrasia Street in late 19th century. They were also responsible for the designs of the former ‘Thomas Dann House’ at 18 Myers Street, Geelong, built in late 1898, and ‘Twyford’, 288 Pakington Street, built in 1898-99. However, these dwellings represent Seeley and King’s later domestic work, being designed in a Federation Queen Anne style. More comparable is the firm’s design of the former Cheetham Salt Manager’s House, 69 Portarlington Road, Newcomb. It was



built in 1900 and has a similar although less elaborate Late Victorian design, with a hipped roof, strapped red brick chimneys and front bullnosed verandah. Being a later version of the style, it lacks the decorative cast iron detailing that is a feature of ‘Barrabool’.

5.0 Condition Good.





8.0 References City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books 1860-1950, digital copies on CD, Geelong Heritage Centre. Geelong Waterworks & Sewerage Trust Field Book 1912. Geelong Waterworks & Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage 1978. D. Rowe, ‘Architecture of Geelong 1860-1900’, B. Arch. Thesis, Deakin University, 1991. Geelong Advertiser, 13 July 1889. Subdivision plan of Newtown, c.1850s-60s, Geelong Heritage Centre Plan F27. Newtown Hillside Estate Subdivision Plan, 10 November 1888, Geelong Heritage Centre map N3. Stinton Nursery Estate Plan, n.d., Geelong Heritage Centre map S04.



Figure 1: Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust Field Book 131_018 (May 1912). Source: Barwon Water.



Name: Residence

Address: 35 Stinton Avenue, Newtown Critical Dates: c. 1915-16 Existing Level of Significance: Local Proposed Heritage Overlay: HO

1.0 Statement of Significance The residence at 35 Stinton Avenue, Newtown, has significance as an intact and representative example of a Federation style in Newtown. Built in c. 1915-16 for Urban J. Austin, the site has associations with the Newtown Hillside Estate subdivision that was initially laid out in 1888. The dwelling appears to be in good condition when viewed from the street. The residence at 35 Stinton Avenue is architecturally significant at a LOCAL level (AHC D.2, E.1). It demonstrates original design qualities of a Federation style. These qualities include the broad hipped roof form, together with the minor gable roofs that project at the front and side, and the return verandah formed under the main hipped roof. Other intact or appropriate qualities include the asymmetrical composition, single storey height, horizontal timber weatherboard wall cladding, corrugated sheet metal roof cladding, red brick chimneys, broad eaves with exposed timber rafters, front gable verandah, stop chamfered square timber verandah posts, segmental timber verandah arch and Art Nouveau fretwork in the verandah gable, unusual curvilinear timber fretwork and brackets in the return verandah, slightly projecting rectangular bay with timber framed casement windows and highlights under the verandah gable, corner window opening with similar casements and highlights, timber framed doorway with sidelights and highlights at the side, finials, curvilinear timber gable brackets and the bracketed timber window hood above the windows on the side gable.


The residence at 35 Stinton Avenue is historically significant at a LOCAL level (AHC A.4, H.1). It is associated with residential developments in Newtown in the early 20th



century and also has associations with the Newtown Hillside Estate subdivision of 1888. The residence was built in 1915-16 for Urban J. Austin, grocer. Overall, the residence at 35 Stinton Avenue is of LOCAL significance.

2.0 Description The residence at 35 Stinton Avenue is set on an average-sized allotment for the area. It has a modest front setback comprised of open grassed areas with perimeter garden beds and some mature trees and shrubs. An introduced but appropriate timber picket fence and pedestrian gate form the front boundary. The asymmetrical, single storey, horizontal timber weatherboard, Federation styled detached house is characterised by a broad hipped roof form, together with minor gable roofs that project at the front and side, linked by a return verandah formed under the main hipped roof. These roof forms are clad in corrugated sheet metal. Two early red brick chimneys adorn the roofline. Broad overhangs with exposed timber rafters are features of the eaves. Early features of the design are the verandahs. The front gable projects to form a verandah supported by stop chamfered square timber posts which punctuate a segmental timber arch with Art Nouveau timber fretwork. Further sinuous timber fretwork motifs are located between the paired posts. The return verandah is also supported by stop chamfered timber posts and it also features unusual curvilinear timber fretwork and brackets. Under the front gable is an early projecting rectangular bay with timber framed casement windows having highlights above. The diagonal composition of the dwelling is also emphasized by the corner window opening with similar casements and highlights. An early timber framed doorway with sidelights and highlights is situated at the side. Other early features of the design include the finials, curvilinear timber gable brackets and the bracketed timber window hood above the windows on the side gable.

3.0 History The site at 35 Stinton Avenue initially formed part of land sales in the 1850s and 1860s as shown in an historic subdivision plan of the area (titled plan F27). In 1888, the site formed part of ‘Block C’ of “62 magnificent villa sites” offered for sale as the Newtown Hillside Estate by W.P. Carr and T. Roadknight and Co. In 1913-14, the property at 35 Stinton Avenue was described in the City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books as “fenced land” owned by Urban Austin. It appears that the house on the site was constructed between 1915 and 1916, as it is listed as a “wooden dwelling” in the Rate Books for that period. Austin, a grocer, continued to own the property for several years. He was still recorded as the owner in 1950.

4.0 Comparative Analysis Many timber Federation styled dwellings were built in the Geelong area (and especially in Newtown, East Geelong and Drumcondra) between 1910 and 1918 with a similar composition as the dwelling at 35 Stinton Avenue. In particular, several of these dwellings were designed by the prolific architectural firm of Laird and Buchan, including the house at 21 Beach Parade, Drumcondra. Other similar dwellings include (but are not limited to) those at:

• 17 Glenleith Avenue, Drumcondra.



• 9 Lawton Avenue, Geelong West. • 38 Lawton Avenue, Geelong West.

Of particular distinction at 35 Stinton Avenue (when compared with these other dwellings) is the unusual timber verandah fretwork and brackets.

5.0 Condition Good.





8.0 References City of Newtown and Chilwell Rate Books 1860-1950, digital copies on CD, Geelong Heritage Centre. Geelong Waterworks & Sewerage Trust Plan of Drainage 1983. Subdivision plan of Newtown, c.1850s-60s, Geelong Heritage Centre Plan F27. Newtown Hillside Estate Subdivision Plan, 10 November 1888, Geelong Heritage Centre map N3. Stinton Nursery Estate Plan, n.d., Geelong Heritage Centre map S04.

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