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Global Security 2009
Optical Fiber Fabrication at LLNLDr. Jay W. Dawson, Fiber Technologies Group Leader
LLNL-PRES-773886This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344.Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LLNL-PRES-773886Optical fibers and fiber lasers have many advantageous properties 2
FibersDiffraction limited beamsRobust, flexible transportOperate in extreme environments and insensitive to electro-magnetic interferenceFiber LasersLow maintenance & high reliability Efficient (>30% wall-plug)High average powers (kW)
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LLNL-PRES-773886These properties make optical fibers enabling for many industrial applications 3
Telecom
Flexible Delivery for Industrial Machining
High Power Laser Sources
Distributed SensorsShort-pulse surgery laser delivery
Sensors for Oil and Gas
High Voltage Current SensorsThese are examples of a wide array of potential applications in flexible light transport, sensors and components for laser systems.
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LLNL-PRES-773886Optical fibers were originally developed for the telecom industry 4
Cross section: 125 m O.D.Very low losses attainableStrong and Flexible50% transmission over 30km
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LLNL-PRES-773886New fabrication techniques open the design space enabling new possibilities 5
Diffraction
Photonic crystal fiber
Refraction
Conventional fiber
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LLNL-PRES-773886A dedicated R&D facility permits greater risk-taking in fiber design 6
Optical Near FieldOptical Far Field
250 m200 m
10 m X 120 mYb3+ Slab WaveguideSecondary Waveguide for Diode Pump Light
5 W at 44% optical efficiencyExample: investigation of rectangular core fiber lasers for improved power scaling
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LLNL-PRES-773886Finite element modeling was used to design a ribbon fiber waveguide 7
Proposed DesignCalculated Waveguide Modes
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LLNL-PRES-773886The computer model was turned into a manufacturing design 8
Computer ModelManufacturing Design
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LLNL-PRES-773886We then used the stack and draw process to fabricate the optical fiber 9
Raw MaterialDraw to ~1mm rods and tubesStack to Fiber DesignFinal Preform in FurnaceFiber ProductionDraw Tower
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LLNL-PRES-773886The fiber was tested against the original computer models 10
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LLNL-PRES-773886We have fabricated a number of fiber designs since commissioning in 2012 11
215 m
100 mPassive Ribbon Fiber
200 m
250 m10 m X 120 mYb3+ Ribbon Fiber
250 mUV Rad HardQualification Fiber
Hollow Core Cane (preform)
Negative Curvature Core for mid-IR
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LLNL-PRES-773886Hollow core waveguides for high power transportShort wavelength fiber lasers (