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Nexus Water – Energy – Climate: Experiences of KfW-financed projects in the MENA-region
Dr. Stefan Gramel / Technical Advisor - KfW
Arab Water Week, January 2013
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Presentation structure
KfW: Water Sector
Wastewater: Climate Protection and Energy Efficiency
Energy Efficiency in Water Supply
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KfW: Water SectorOverview (values of 2011)
›Current portfolio EUR 4.8 billion (FC)
›Further EUR 3 billion are mobilised in local funds
›Annual commitments in 2011 in the order of EUR 700 million
›MENA is one of the most important regions for the KfW portfolio
›Trends:
›New types of projects besides traditional water supply, wastewater (as energy efficiency, climate mitigation/adaptation, re-use…)
›Financing instruments: Larger amount, smaller part of the money from the German Ministry (example: development loans)
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Wastewater: Climate Protection and Energy EfficiencyJordan: Analysis of the situation
› Expert analysis regarding possible measures:
› Energy efficiency at WWTP: limited potential, easier to tackle in the context of normal rehabilitiation
› Sewage sludge: multiple effects(1) use of biogas(2) reduction of emission/energy through transport(3) emission of CO2 instead of CH4
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Wastewater: Climate Protection and Energy EfficiencyJordan: Current status of sewage sludge treatment, disposal
› Mostly no dewatering, no digestion, problems with drying beds in particular in winter months
› Sludge dried solid frequently < 5%
› Cost for transport/disposal appr. 2 million JD/a
› High danger of groundwater contamination through liquid sludge on disposal sites
› Main part of processes are anaerobic to CH4:
appr. 150 000 tons CO2-eq through
sewage sludge (appr. CO2-emissions of
electricity production for 150 000 inhabitants)
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Wastewater: Climate Protection and Energy EfficiencyJordan: new Jordanian-German project financed through KfW
› Definition of new Jordanian-German project re. sewage sludge in 2012 (financed through KfW)WWTP besides Al
Samra:
• Mechanical dewatering
• Digestion
• Enhancement ofdrying beds
• Potentially other measures (solar drying, reed beds…)
Al Samra:
• Support for a solution in relation to the disposal of the sewage sludge (e.g. through co-incineration, mono-landfill)
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Wastewater: Climate Protection and Energy EfficiencyJordan: new Jordanian-German project financed through KfW
Type of measureInvest, O/M[€-Cent/m³
drinking water]
Drying beds: Rehabilitiation 2.2
Mechanical dewatering 0.7
Mechanical dewatering andSolar drying
7.3
Digestion 5.6
Landfill (Al Samra) 1.3
Co-incineration (Al Samra) 0.3
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Wastewater: Climate Protection and Energy EfficiencyJordan: new Jordanian-German project financed through KfW
Type of measureCost for reduction of
Greenhouse-Gases (GHG)[€/t CO2-eq]
Drying beds: Rehabilitation 961
Mechanical dewatering 19
Mechanical dewatering andSolar drying
190
Digestion 22
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Wastewater: Climate Protection and Energy EfficiencyJordan: new Jordanian-German project financed through KfW› Financial amount: from German side €
20 million plus Jordanian share
› What is done?
› Financing agreement on inter-governmental level
› Acceptance of KfW-Appraisal report to BMZ (German Ministry for Development)
› MoM re. main elements between WAJ -KfW
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Wastewater: Climate Protection and Energy EfficiencyJordan: new Jordanian-German project financed through KfW
› What is coming?
› PQ / Tendering for consulting services
› Detailed investment concept
› Detailed design, tendering, implementation
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Wastewater: Climate Protection and Energy EfficiencyTunisia: Sewage sludge programme › Situation: no general, nationwide
solution for sewage sludge currently (often: storing of sludge at WWTP site)
› Amount for investment: € 27 million plus Tunisian share
› Envisaged measures:
› Sludge treatment (dewatering, digestion…)
› Sludge disposal/recovery (landfill, agriculture, co-incineration…)
› Detailed concept studies currently ongoing (nationwide)
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Wastewater: Climate Protection and Energy EfficiencyTunisia: Programme for energy efficiency at WWTP
› Situation:
› Appr. 100 WWTP under operation(the largest 16 are focused here)
› Mostly sludge aerobic stabilization (energy intensive)
› Preparation of feasibility study just starts
› Based on FS:Preparation of KfW appraisal report to German Ministry for Development (BMZ), end of 2013
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Water Supply: Climate Protection and Energy EfficiencyJordan: Situation
› Water sector is the largest consumer of electrical energy in Jordan (> 10 % of total energy consumption)
› High potential for energy reduction(estimation before project appraisal 20%)
› High potential in particular in the field of pumping stations, submersible pumps in wellfields
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Water Supply: Climate Protection and Energy EfficiencyJordan: Concept of the project on energy efficiency
› Financial amount of the ongoing project:€ 26 million plus Jordanian share
› Project measures:
› Improvement of energy efficiency at pumping stations
› Improvement of energy efficiency in wells
› Enhancement of hydraulically critical situations in pipelines, networks
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Water Supply: Climate Protection and Energy EfficiencyJordan: ongoing Project on energy efficiency – Status of project implementation
› Pre-screening finalised:pumping stations, wellfields where to realise detailed investigations (in particular energy measurement) are defined
› Energy measurements just started
› PQ/Tendering for detailed design, tendering, supervision will start soon
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Water Supply: Climate Protection and Energy EfficiencyJordan: ongoing Project on Energy Efficiency – First results
› Best 10 wellfields: Payback period in average 1.7 a
› Best 15 pumping stations:Payback period in average 2.0 a
› BUT: high level of uncertainty in this phase (before the detailed measurements)
Synopsis
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Waste Water•Need re. sludge treatment in the MENA-region•High level of GHG-reduction
Water Supply•Potential for the reduction of energy consumption depending on the water supply structure (large potential in Jordan)•Results in Jordan indicate high cost efficiency