Date post: | 20-May-2015 |
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oasisInternational Training Center
Presents
TSP HSE DEPARTMENT
RADIATION AWARENESS
RADIATION AWARENESS
DANGERRADIOACTIVE
RADIATION
Labeling, Transport , Storage
What is radiation?
Effect on Health
Protection against exposure
Conclusion
RADIOGRAPHY
Radiation is all around us. It occurs
naturally or can be produced
artificially. Ex.: light, lasers, the
sun, x-ray machine, TV transmitters
and radioactive material.
Radiation: energy emitted from a
source as waves or particles, which
is transmitted through space.
What is it?
THE PHYSICS OF RADIATION
RADIATION AWARENESS
TYPES OF IONISING RADIATION
Exposure: measure of the ionisation produced in air by gamma rays.
Dose: measure of energy deposited by radiation in a material
(measure of the ionisation produced in air by gamma rays)
or of the relative biological damage produced by that amount
of energy given the nature of the radiation.
Effect on Health
RADIATION AWARENESS
Mechanism of damage: radiation causes atoms and
molecules to become ionised or excited. It can result
in damage to molecules which regulate vital cell
processes.
Interaction of radiation with matter:
the relative amount of damage to the cell and tissue of
a person exposed to radiation depends on the energy
deposited.
Biological effects depend on dose and time.
RADIATION AWARENESS
Effect on Health
• Effect of acute high radiation dose: from disruption of the function to death.
• Effect of low radiation doses: development of some form of cancer.• Gamma rays may cause damage to deep-seated organs and tissues
without being in the body. They are internal & external hazard to the
body.
• Gamma rays are high penetrating.
None of the 5 human senses are able to detect ionising radiation.None of the 5 human senses are able to detect ionising radiation. Effect on Health
RADIATION AWARENESS
IONISING RADIATION - BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
3 types of effects from ionising radiation3 types of effects from ionising radiation
RADIATION AWARENESS
TSP HSE DEPARTMENT
Exposure to radiation is minimized by applying the principles of external radiation protection:
• Keep TIME of exposure to a minimum.
• Maximize the DISTANCE between yourself and the source of radiation as much as possible.
• Keep adequate SHIELDING material between the source of radiation and yourself.
Protection against exposure
RADIATION AWARENESS
IONISING RADIATION - DOSE RATES
RADIATION AWARENESS
CONTROLLED AREA
The controlled area should be demarcated by a physical barrier,
e.g. a rope or bunting at the 7.5 micro Sievert per hour boundary.
Flashing lights should also be used to mark the controlled area
where the work is carried out. When establishing boundaries,
monitoring should be carried out at, above and below floor level.
Access should be restricted and suitable warning signs displayed.
RADIATION AWARENESS
Protection against exposure
SAFE WORKING PRACTICES• Procedure must be prepared, including contingency plan.
• Appointed Radiation Protection Supervisor.
• Permit To Work.
• Work carried out at optimum times when practicable.
• Controlled area marked at 7.5 micro Sv / h boundary using rope barriers or bunting.
• Suitable warning notices to be displayed.
• Restricted access.
• Use of flashing lights whilst shooting.
• Monitoring: personnel dosimeter, film badges.
Protection against exposure
RADIATION AWARENESS
IONISING RADIATION - SAFE WORKING PRACTICES
RADIATION AWARENESS
MARKING:
All equipment and packages containing radioactive substances must be labeled with the radiation trefoil.
STORAGE:
Stores should be properly constructed, e.g. strong boxes in fenced off areas (bomb pits) or in self-contained protective boxes, located as far away from personnel as possible.
All stores should be regularly monitored.
Radiation level at the nearest accessible point should be less than 7.5 micro Sievert / hour
Labeling, Transport and Storage
RADIATION AWARENESS
Here, radioactive substances are available as sealed sources.
Sealed sources are held within a robust container designed to
isolate the source from the external environment.
Radioactive substances, when not in use, must be stored in a locked,
protective receptacle, suitably labeled, solely reserved for
radioactive substances and designed in accordance with current
legislation.
Labeling, Transport and Storage
RADIATION AWARENESS
Labeling, Transport and Storage
RADIATION AWARENESS
RADIOGRAPHY
conclusion
KEEP AWAY !
RADIATION AWARENESS
Thank you Thank you for your for your
attention.attention.
Thank you Thank you for your for your
attention.attention.