NGN- NGN- InterconnectionInterconnection

S. K. Gupta, Advisor (CN&IT)Telecom Regulatory Authority of India

AgendaAgenda

NGN- Interconnection Issues NGN- Interconnection Issues

20/04/23 2TRAI

Way forwardWay forward

NGN- Interconnection NGN- Interconnection issues issues

Interconnection among networks is necessary to ensure end-to-end services to the subscribers

TDM based interconnection is simple and well defined

Multiservice IP Based interconnection is complex

Well defined regulatory framework to ensure effective interconnection among service providers is necessary to promote competition and reduce entry barriers

Interconnection among networks is necessary to ensure end-to-end services to the subscribers

TDM based interconnection is simple and well defined

Multiservice IP Based interconnection is complex

Well defined regulatory framework to ensure effective interconnection among service providers is necessary to promote competition and reduce entry barriers

TDM based interconnection◦ Hierarchical points of

interconnection◦ Use of standard SS7 signaling ◦ Interconnection to primarily

support voice calls◦ Pre-determined routing of

calls based on dialed numbers

TDM based interconnection◦ Hierarchical points of

interconnection◦ Use of standard SS7 signaling ◦ Interconnection to primarily

support voice calls◦ Pre-determined routing of

calls based on dialed numbers

20/04/23 3TRAI

NGN based interconnection◦ Flat interconnection◦ Use of different signaling and

protocols to support multiple services

◦ Interconnection needs to supports multiple services

◦ Dynamic policy based traffic routing

NGN based interconnection◦ Flat interconnection◦ Use of different signaling and

protocols to support multiple services

◦ Interconnection needs to supports multiple services

◦ Dynamic policy based traffic routing

20/04/23 4TRAI

NGN- Interconnection NGN- Interconnection issues issues

Present NetworksCompatibility mainly addressed by service specific networks

NGNCompatibility at UNI, NNI is crucial due to high flexibility

NGN- Interconnection NGN- Interconnection issues issues

NGN is considered as converged network aggregating different functionalities of existing network with common IP backbone

It looks simple in theory but implementation is complex

Challenges : ◦ Interoperability among networks

using multiple protocols

◦Implementing open interface between application & network and delivering end-to-end service with defined QoS parameters

NGN is considered as converged network aggregating different functionalities of existing network with common IP backbone

It looks simple in theory but implementation is complex

Challenges : ◦ Interoperability among networks

using multiple protocols

◦Implementing open interface between application & network and delivering end-to-end service with defined QoS parameters

20/04/23 5TRAI

NGN- Interconnection NGN- Interconnection issues issues

Point of interconnection Centralized vs. Hierarchical Peer to Peer vs.

Interconnect ExchangeSupport for existing TDM

NetworksTime frame for co-

existence of TDM & NGN before complete migration to NGN

Revised Interconnect OfferModel of physical

Interconnection

Point of interconnection Centralized vs. Hierarchical Peer to Peer vs.

Interconnect ExchangeSupport for existing TDM

NetworksTime frame for co-

existence of TDM & NGN before complete migration to NGN

Revised Interconnect OfferModel of physical

Interconnection

Interconnection evolution ◦ TDM- TDM◦ TDM – NGN ◦ NGN – NGN

Interconnection evolution ◦ TDM- TDM◦ TDM – NGN ◦ NGN – NGN

20/04/23 6TRAI

Related Issues ◦ Point of centralized

interconnection ◦ Ensuring security at

interconnect point◦ Funding and management

of interconnect exchange ◦ Ensuring QoS at

interconnection ◦ Effective resource

management

Related Issues ◦ Point of centralized

interconnection ◦ Ensuring security at

interconnect point◦ Funding and management

of interconnect exchange ◦ Ensuring QoS at

interconnection ◦ Effective resource

management

NGN- Interconnection NGN- Interconnection issues issues

Signaling requirement◦Support for signaling protocols to

suit present network requirements and future service requirement at interconnection. Presently SS7 is standard signaling protocol in TDM networks.

Signaling has to be deliberated at

◦Network-Network Interface (NNI) level

◦User -Network Interface level (UNI)

◦Application- Network Interface (ANI) level

◦Between Gateway and Session Border Controller (SBC)

Signaling requirement◦Support for signaling protocols to

suit present network requirements and future service requirement at interconnection. Presently SS7 is standard signaling protocol in TDM networks.

Signaling has to be deliberated at

◦Network-Network Interface (NNI) level

◦User -Network Interface level (UNI)

◦Application- Network Interface (ANI) level

◦Between Gateway and Session Border Controller (SBC)

Typical NGN Signaling ◦ NNI : SIP-1, BICC and

H.323 ◦ Physical interface : SDH

or Gigabit Ethernet◦ Within Networks : MPLS,

RPR ◦ ANI: SIP, INAP, SMTP,

FTP ◦ Media Gateway: H.248◦ Media Signaling

Gateways : SIGTRAN

Typical NGN Signaling ◦ NNI : SIP-1, BICC and

H.323 ◦ Physical interface : SDH

or Gigabit Ethernet◦ Within Networks : MPLS,

RPR ◦ ANI: SIP, INAP, SMTP,

FTP ◦ Media Gateway: H.248◦ Media Signaling

Gateways : SIGTRAN

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NGN- Interconnection NGN- Interconnection issues issues

Compatibility Issue:◦Different protocols used

in NGN has been developed with different approach

◦Number of functionalities have been left as optional

◦Ensuring end-to-end services using optional protocol functionalities by few vendors may be difficult

◦Protocol translation for such optional facilities by session border controller is a challenge

Compatibility Issue:◦Different protocols used

in NGN has been developed with different approach

◦Number of functionalities have been left as optional

◦Ensuring end-to-end services using optional protocol functionalities by few vendors may be difficult

◦Protocol translation for such optional facilities by session border controller is a challenge

H.323It is umbrella specification

defined by ITU and consists of ◦ H.225 RAS Signalling ◦ H.245 Control Signaling ◦ H. 450 Supplementary services ◦ Other standards for voice and

video

H.323It is umbrella specification

defined by ITU and consists of ◦ H.225 RAS Signalling ◦ H.245 Control Signaling ◦ H. 450 Supplementary services ◦ Other standards for voice and

video

20/04/23 8TRAI

SIP It is created by Internet

Engineering Task Force (IETF) as RFC 2543

◦ Provide advance signalling and control functionalities

◦ Uses RTP/RTCP for real time data transmission

SIP It is created by Internet

Engineering Task Force (IETF) as RFC 2543

◦ Provide advance signalling and control functionalities

◦ Uses RTP/RTCP for real time data transmission

NGN: Session Border NGN: Session Border ControllerControllerNGN network require:◦Physical Interpretabilities with

different networks using different interfaces

◦Isolation of network from others in case of attacks/networks related problem

◦Support for variety of protocols for different services

◦Flexibility of designing network topology and resource management within network

◦Facilitate effective communication with other network

NGN network require:◦Physical Interpretabilities with

different networks using different interfaces

◦Isolation of network from others in case of attacks/networks related problem

◦Support for variety of protocols for different services

◦Flexibility of designing network topology and resource management within network

◦Facilitate effective communication with other network

Session Border

Controller is a

Solution

Session Border

Controller is a

Solution

20/04/23 9TRAI

NGN: Session Border NGN: Session Border ControllerController

Role of SBC ◦ Managing signaling and

media paths for a multimedia session

◦ Scalability of wider range of applications over networks

◦ Provide comprehensive security and ways to monetize running services

◦ Regulatory provisions such as Lawful interception

◦ Honoring SLAs with peers and customers

Role of SBC ◦ Managing signaling and

media paths for a multimedia session

◦ Scalability of wider range of applications over networks

◦ Provide comprehensive security and ways to monetize running services

◦ Regulatory provisions such as Lawful interception

◦ Honoring SLAs with peers and customers

SBC is ideally situated to interconnect disparate networks and provides following capabilities:

◦ Connectivity◦ Network Address

Translation ◦ Security◦ Policy Enforcement and

QoS control◦ Regulatory Compliance ◦ Billing

SBC is ideally situated to interconnect disparate networks and provides following capabilities:

◦ Connectivity◦ Network Address

Translation ◦ Security◦ Policy Enforcement and

QoS control◦ Regulatory Compliance ◦ Billing

20/04/23 10TRAI

NGN: Session Border NGN: Session Border ControllerController

20/04/23 11TRAI

SBC deployment approaches in service providers networks includes : ◦ Service provider-

to- service Provider Interconnect

◦ Service Provider-to-Enterprise Peering

◦ Service Provider-to-Residential Interconnect Source: www.cisco.com

NGN- Interconnection NGN- Interconnection issues issues

NGN may enable more services leading to additional functional flexibility .

Numbering/addressing to be used in NGN shall complement and support existing numbering scheme.

National numbering plans may need modification.

NGN may enable more services leading to additional functional flexibility .

Numbering/addressing to be used in NGN shall complement and support existing numbering scheme.

National numbering plans may need modification.

NGN should support: ◦ Number portability◦ Carrier Selection etc.

NGN should support: ◦ Number portability◦ Carrier Selection etc.

20/04/23 12TRAI

Probable NGN addressing : ◦ IPv4 /IPv6 addresses ◦ Domain Name Server◦ Uniform Resource Identifier

(URI) etc.

Probable NGN addressing : ◦ IPv4 /IPv6 addresses ◦ Domain Name Server◦ Uniform Resource Identifier

(URI) etc.

NGN- Interconnection NGN- Interconnection issues issues Measurement and

accounting of traffic :◦NGN-NGN ◦Application

provider- NGN ◦NGN - End user

for different applications

Charging on functional and application basis

Measurement and accounting of traffic :◦NGN-NGN ◦Application

provider- NGN ◦NGN - End user

for different applications

Charging on functional and application basis

20/04/23 13TRAI

Inter-operator Compensation : ◦ Charging for QoS, BW, application

at interconnect points

Typical NGN charging : ◦ CPNP , Bill and Keep, QoS based

Charging ◦ Volume and Hit based charging

Inter-operator Compensation : ◦ Charging for QoS, BW, application

at interconnect points

Typical NGN charging : ◦ CPNP , Bill and Keep, QoS based

Charging ◦ Volume and Hit based charging

NGN Charging challenges: ◦ Lower cost more functionality◦ Sharing of Intelligent networks◦ Benefits of distinction between

transport and services ◦ Reconciliation of application /

content providers charges in “on-deck” scenario “ off-deck” scenario

NGN Charging challenges: ◦ Lower cost more functionality◦ Sharing of Intelligent networks◦ Benefits of distinction between

transport and services ◦ Reconciliation of application /

content providers charges in “on-deck” scenario “ off-deck” scenario

Way ForwardWay Forward

Need for close coordination of relevant groups to develop region specific understanding on parameter left for country specific needs/ future requirement

Development of local certifying agencies / test labs for interface approval

Mandate use of only approved interfaces in NGN networks

Close coordination with vendors to overcome bottleneck and foster competition.

20/04/23 14TRAI

Thank YouS K Gupta , Advisor, TRAI

Mahanagar Doorsanchar Bhawan,J.L. Nehru Marg, New Delhi – 110002

Ph. +91-11- 23217914 (O)+91-11- 23211998 (Fax)

advcn@trai.gov.in

20/04/23 15TRAI