Nigeria Disaster Preparedness

Strategies: An Overview of

Existing Disaster Response Plans

Presented by Engr. Daniel B. Gambo, Mnse

Ag. Director of Training, NEMA

INTRODUCTION

• Disasters are Natural or Human induced

events that disrupts the normal functioning

of the Society.

• To address the impact of disasters which

normally happens with or without prior

notice and often with un-quantified loss to

lives, property and the destruction to our

cherished environment, It is necessary to

put in place Institutions, Policies and Plans.

• The main purpose of these institutions and

Plans is to address the challenges that are

often posed by the hazards of disasters in

a timely, effective and efficient manner in

order to minimize its impact on the

vulnerable community.

AIM

The Aim of this session is to present to

you an overview of Nigeria’s institutional

framework and existing disaster

response plans that are already

developed by NEMA and Stakeholders to

mitigate the impacts of disasters.

SCOPE

• Response Institutions in Nigeria

• National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA)

• Functions of NEMA

• Response Tasks

• Existing Disaster Response plans in Nigeria

RESPONSE INSTITUTIONS IN NIGERIA

PRIMARY AND SECONDARY RESPONSE AGENCIES

• Nigeria Police Force (NPF)

• Federal Fire Service (FFS)

• Federal Road Safety Corps (FRSC)

• Nigeria Security and Civil Defence Corps (NSCDC)

• Nigerian Red Cross Society (NRSC)

• National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA)

• Nigerian Airspace Management Agency (NAMA)

• Nigeria Maritime and safety administration (NIMASA)

• Nigerian Inland Water Ways (NIWA)

• Directorate of Road Transport Services (DRTS/VIOs)

• Private Construction Companies

• International Development Partners (NGOs)

RESPONSE INSTITUTIONS IN NIGERIA

PRIMARY AND SECONDARY RESPONSE AGENCIES

• Federal/ State Ministry of Health (FMOH)

• Federal/ State Ministry of Environment (FMEnv)

• Federal/ State Ministry of Works (FMOW)

• Federal Roads Maintenance Agency (FERMA)

• Federal Ministry of Transport (FMOT)

• Federal Ministry of Aviation (FMOAvi)

• Federal Airport Authority of Nigeria (FAAN)

• Nigerian Immigration Service (NIS)

• Nigerian Customs Service (NCS)

• Nigerian Prison Service (NPS)

• Accident Investigation Bureau (AIB)

• Military (Army, Navy, Air Force) – Disaster

Response Units (DRUs)

National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA)

The National Emergency Management

Agency (NEMA)

National Emergency Management Agency

(NEMA) is an Agency of the Federal

Government directly under the

supervision of the Presidency saddled

with the responsibility of Managing

disasters in Nigeria. The Agency was

established through Act 12 (as amended)

by Act 50 of 1999

FUNCTIONS OF NEMA

• Formulate policy on all activities

relating to disaster management in

Nigeria and co-ordinate the plans and

programmes for efficient and effective

response to disasters at national level;

• Co-ordinate and promote research

activities relating to disaster

management at the national level;

• Monitor the state of preparedness of all

organizations or agencies which may

contribute to disaster management in

Nigeria;

FUNCTIONS OF NEMA

• Collate data from relevant agencies

so as to enhance forecasting,

planning and field operation of

disaster management;

• Educate and inform the public on

disaster prevention and control

measures;

• Co-ordinates and facilitate the

provision of necessary resources for

search and rescue and other types of

disaster curtailment activities in

response to distress call;

• Co-ordinate the activities of all voluntary

organizations engaged in emergency relief

operations in any part of the Federation;

• Receive financial and technical aid from

international organizations and non-

governmental agencies for the purpose of

disaster management in Nigeria;

• Collect emergency relief supply from local,

foreign sources, including international and

non-governmental agencies;

• Distribute emergency relief materials to

victims of natural or other disasters and to

assist in the rehabilitation of the victims

where necessary;

• Liaise with State Emergency Management

committees established under section 8 of this

Act to assess and monitor where necessary,

the distribution of relief materials to disaster

victims;

• Process relief assistance to such countries as

may be determined from time to time;

• Liaise with the United Nations Disaster

Reduction Organization or such other

international bodies for the reduction of natural

and other disasters;

• Prepare the annual budget for disaster

management in Nigeria; and;

• Perform such other functions which in the

opinion of the Agency are required for the

purpose of achieving its objectives under this

Act.

Looking at the fifteen – point mandate of

NEMA listed above, you will discover

words such as co-ordinate, collate, liaise,

monitor, collect and receive are used. This

means that NEMA is essentially a

coordinating Agency. It is placed at the

center of a network of disaster

management Institutions, liaising and

coordinating their efforts. Thus the

success or failure of disaster management

in Nigeria depends largely on how well

these organizations are working and how

effectively NEMA is able to co-ordinate

their efforts.

RESPONSE TASKS

• Sensitization

• Mobilization of resources

• Assessing the disaster

• Treating remaining hazard effects

• Providing water and food

• Shelter

• Fatality management

• Sanitation

• Security

• Social services.

• Resumption of critical infrastructure

• Donation management

Existing Disaster Response Plans and

Agreements • National Disaster Response plan (NDRP) – 2001

• The Integrated National Avian and pandemic

Influenza Response Plan – 2007

• Search and Rescue and Epidemic Evacuation plan

(SAREEP) – 2009

• National Contingency Plan on Infrastructural

resuscitation (NCPIR) – 2010

• National Disaster Management Framework (NDMF) –

2011

• National Contingency Plan (NCP) – 2012

• National Emergency Management Agency Standard

Operating Procedures – 2012

• Guidelines for use of Military assets and personnel

during disasters – 2012

• Memorandum of understanding between NOA,

NESREA and NEMA - 2013

National Disaster Response plan

(NDRP)

The Agency with the active involvement of relevant

stakeholders in disaster management has put in place

to assist it in its role as a coordinator is the production

of a National Disaster Response Plan (NDRP) which has

been approved by the Federal Executive Council in

2001. The Plan:

States the disaster response and recovery

actions and responsibilities of the Federal

Government and its Agencies;

Describes the Federal Government response

and recovery resources available to support

States and Local Government and

Communities at the Ward level to save lives,

Protect public health and safety; protect

property and aid victims in their

reconstruction efforts after a disaster;

Describes disaster management facilities

available in some non-governmental

organizations which may be called upon for

assistance in times of emergency;

Describes the standard operation

procedures or disaster response functions of

relevant Federal Government agencies and

some non-governmental organizations;

Assigns disaster response functions to

various government agencies and NGOs;

Provides a coordinating framework for

disaster response, with NEMA as its hub.

Identifies 13 key support service areas

required in disaster management

Transport;

Communication;

Public works and

Engineering;

Fire Fighting;

Information and

Planning;

Mass Care;

Resource support;

Health and medical

services;

Search and rescue;

Hazardous Material

Food and Water;

Energy;

Military/Police

support.

i) Identify Agencies with roles in each of these areas;

ii) Makes the Agency with core responsibility the primary

or lead agency and the others as secondary or support

agencies;

SEARCH AND RESCUE AND EPIDEMIC

EVACUATION PLAN (SAREEP) The Search and Rescue and Epidemic Evacuation Plan (SAREEP)

is a document developed to serve as guide to provide a

coordination and response mechanism for a timely, effective and

efficient disaster response operation on receive of a disaster

alert.

Each section of the document, introduces a scenario using a

specific trigger event or Hazard that has impacted a community

causing a disaster that require the collaboration of stakeholders

to deal with and thus a coordinated multi agency response.

The document identify agencies that have responsibilities in

dealing with such emergencies and assign organizational roles

and tasks, stating Lead and Coordinating agencies at the

Strategic, Tactical and Operational levels of coordination in

disaster management.

The following Hazards are covered in this plan and the

Incident Command Structure (ICS) is employed as the coordinating Mechanism:

1. Flood

2. Fire

3. Collapsed Building

4. Road Traffic Accident

5. Rail Accident

6. Maritime Disaster

7. Aviation Disaster

8. Oil Spill Disaster

9. Epidemic Disaster

10.Terrorism

1. Alerting System

2. Lines of Authority

3. Organisational

Roles &

Responsibilities

at Strategic,

Tactical &

operational Levels

The National Disaster Management

Framework (NDMF)

The National Disaster Management Framework (NDMF) is a

document developed to serve as a regulatory guideline for effective

and efficient disaster management in Nigeria.

The framework defines measurable, flexible and adaptable

coordinating structures, and aligns key roles and responsibilities

of disaster management stakeholders across the nation.

It describes specific authorities and best practices for managing

disasters.

It explains a paradigm shift from response and recovery in

disaster management to disaster risk reduction.

It offers a holistic approach to disaster management and serves

as a legal instrument to address the need for consistency

among multiple stakeholders.

It is a coherent, transparent and inclusive policy for disaster

management in Nigeria.

All Relevant Disaster management stakeholders

can use this document as justification for

organisational preparedness using the roles that

have been assigned to them in it.

The plan ensures that all sectors in humanitarian

responses such as Camp management, Water

Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH), Basic Education,

Food and Nutrition, Logistics, Telecommunication

and Security are addressed

It also serves as a link between National, Regional

and International humanitarian actors.

NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT

FRAMEWORK

The NDMF therefore is a foundation upon which all plans, policies, programmes and procedures for disaster management can be created, developed or sustained

The framework was developed to look at the following:

1. Institutional Capacity

2. Coordination mechanisms

3. Disaster Risk Assessment

4. Disaster Risk Reduction

5. Disaster Prevention, Preparedness/Mitigation

6. Disaster Rehabilitation

7. Facilitators

NATIONAL CONTINGENCY PLAN ON

INFRASTRUCTURAL RESUSCITATION (NCPIR)

The National Contingency Plan on Infrastructural Resuscitation

(NCPIR) is a document developed to serve as guide to provide

business continuity as well as providing a timely, effective and

efficient process of restoring failed critical infrastructures after the

impact of a disaster.

Each section of the document, introduces the general situation and

scenarios where a type of infrastructures is caused to collapse

beyond instant repairs and will require the collaboration of

stakeholders to deal with and thus require a coordinating multi

agency response.

It identified trigger events that could lead to these scenarios which

included the following:

• Earthquake and Wind storms

• Fire

• Flood and Land slides

• Epidemics

• Violent conflicts such as Wars and civil crisis

• Volcanic eruptions

• Technology-induced disaster

NATIONAL CONTINGENCY PLAN FOR INFRASTRUCTURAL

RESUSCITATION (NCPIR)

1. Medical /Health

2. Communication

3. Airports

4. Roads and Bridges

5. Electricity

6. Water

7. solid /Liquid Waste Management.

Each theme consist of: • Strategic Objectives, • List of relevant

Stakeholders, • Lines of Authority, • Alerting System, • Priorities, • Resource need and

Capacities • Detailed tasking of each

stakeholders.

The plan covers these critical infrastructures and services:

NATIONAL CONTINGENCY PLAN (NCP)

The National Contingency Plan is a multi-hazard

contingency plan that specifically focused on

hazards that have highest probability of

occurrence and severity, such as flood,

conflicts, drought and epidemics.

The plan addresses the readiness of disaster

management stakeholders in the country and

defines the modus-operandi for engaging

International assistance if and/or when required.

It is guided by the Global Cluster Groupings to

enable interface with the global system

1. Hazard Risk Scenario

2. Planning Assumptions

3. Sectoral Response in the following areas:

Camp management

Basic education

Food and Nutrition

Logistic and Telecommunication

Security and Protection

Water, sanitation and hygiene

Health

Emergency shelter and Non-food items

4. Contingency supply budget

The integrated National Avian and

Pandemic influenza response plan

The Plan was developed by the National Inter-Ministerial

Steering Committee on Avian Influenza under the

auspices of the Federal Ministry of Health in 2007 to

address National and State response to the Highly

Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) virus A/H5N1 that

causes a disease in domestic and wild birds.

The overall strategic approach of the plan is to ensure

that all stakeholders work in a coordinated and

collective way to address the threat posed by avian and

human pandemic influenza.

The Plan also uses the ICS under the overall authority of

the presidency to ensure a unified command of the

multi-sectoral actors and stakeholders.

The integrated National Avian and

Pandemic influenza response plan

• The plan provided stakeholders with

roles, responsibilities and coordinating

mechanisms in the PRE – DURING –

POST disaster Phases for a time and

efficient response.

• It identified the following Sectors and

associate this sector with actors:

Agriculture Sector

Health Sector

Information and Communication Sector

The plan addresses:

pandemic influenza containment

mitigation and recovery

wider non-health consequences of a

human influenza pandemic

Cross-cutting communications

mechanisms for enhancing coordination

across sectors

individual autonomy and community

interest

Maintaining Non Health Essential

Services

This Plan will soon be replaced by the Nigeria National Pandemic Influenza Preparedness and Response Plan.

DRAFT GUIDELINES FOR THE USE OF

MILITARY PERSONNEL & ASSETS

DURING EMERGENCIES

The draft guidelines for the use of Military Personnel

and assets during emergency was borne out of the

necessity to activate military assistance to civil

authority out going through the traditional path of

waiting for the President to declare a state of

emergency. The guideline recognized the critical role

the military plays during civil or communal crisis

when military barracks are often besieged by

displaced or frightened persons seeking refuge.

The guidelines was developed to be used by the 64

military designated Disaster response Units (DRU)

strategically located across the country comprised

of 32 Army, 16 Naval and 16 Air Force Units

DRAFT GUIDELINES FOR THE USE OF

MILITARY PERSONNEL & ASSETS

DURING EMERGENCIES

1. Procedure for the Use of Military Assets and

Personnel During Emergencies

2. When To Call Out The Armed Forces.

3. Disaster Response Assistance by DRUs

4. Principles of Employment of the DRUs

5. Coordination

6. Command and Control

7. Co-ordination Between Civil Authority /

International Agencies and the Armed

Forces.

COORDINATION

National Emergency Management Agency

Standard Operating Procedures

National Emergency Management Agency Standard

Operating Procedures is a guideline on how to

manage emergency within or outside the Agency.

The procedures are developed specifically to guide

NEMA staffs on what to do when in an emergency

situation. It was also developed as a template to be

replicated by other Ministries, Department and

Agencies that currently do not have such a process

in place.

The document provide procedures to handle

common workplace emergencies such as Medical,

Fire, Hazardous Material, Abandoned Unidentified

Parcels/Mails, Dangerous and Threating Situations,

etc.

National Emergency management Agency

Standard Operating Procedures

The document provide guidelines in these

areas:

Guide to Emergency Preparedness

What every Staff should know

What every Staff should do

Personal Emergency Response Kit

Emergency actions to be taken by any Staff

at the scene of any incident

General emergency procedures to be

followed by a staff when he is in the office

and Fire alarm sounds continuously.

It finally provides essential Telephone

numbers of Agencies to be contacted for

assistance during emergencies.

MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING

This is a tripartite agreement entered into in 2013

between the National Orientation Agency (NOA),

National Environmental Standards Regulations and

Enforcement Agency (NESREA) and National Emergency

Management Agency (NEMA) to collaborate in the

development, implementation and organization of

projects and programmes targeted at sensitizing

Nigerian citizenry on environmental and other natural

and human – induced hazards by way of amongst others:

Public enlightenment and awareness campaign on

natural and human – induced disasters and disaster

risk reduction strategies.

Early Warning System development, deployment and

management

Advocacy and information sharing amongst the

communities on all environmental hazards.

THANK YOU FOR YOUR

ATTENTION

• Thank you for your attention