For additional information on the results of the 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey, please contact:

In Nigeria: National Population Commission (NPC) Plot 2031, Olusegun Obasanjo Way, Zone 7, Wuse, P.M.B. 0281, Abuja, Nigeria Telephone: 234-09-523-9173 Email: info@populationgov.ng Internet: www.population.gov.ng

In USA: The DHS Program 530 Gaither Road, Suite 500; Rockville, MD 20850 USA Telephone: +1-301-407-6500 Email: info@DHSprogram.com Internet: www.DHSprogram.com

The 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (2018 NDHS) was implemented by the National Population Commission (NPC) in collaboration with the National Malaria Elimination Programme (NMEP) of the Federal Ministry of Health, Nigeria. The funding for the 2018 NDHS was provided by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), Global Fund, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF), United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), and World Health Organization (WHO). ICF provided technical assistance through The DHS Program, a USAID-funded project that provides support and technical assistance in the implementation of population and health surveys in countries worldwide. Nigeria

2018 Demographic and Health Survey

Fact Sheet

Trends in Malaria PrevalencePercent of children age 6-59 months who tested positive for malaria by microscopy

2018NDHS

23

2010 NMIS

2015 NMIS

27

42

Women’s Participation in Decision MakingPercent of married women age 15-49

participating in speci�c decisions

Women’s own health care

Visits to family or relatives

Major household purchases

Participate in all 3 decisions

Participate in none of the decisions

40

44

34

60

37

Disability among AdultsPercent distribution of household population

age 15 and above by highest degree of difficulty in functioning in at least 1 domain

WomenMen2 9

8988

10

No difficulty

Some difficulty

A lot of difficulty or cannot function 2

The 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) provides data for monitoring the health situation of the population in Nigeria. The 2018 NDHS is the 6th Demographic and Health Survey conducted in the country. The sample design for the 2018 NDHS provides estimates at the national level, for urban and rural areas, for 6 zones, and 36 states and the Federal Capital Territory (FCT).

Results of Household and Individual InterviewsInterviews Number interviewed Response rateHouseholds 40,427 99%Women age 15-49 41,821 99%Men age 15-59 13,311 99%

2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS)

Water, Sanitation, and Electricity by ResidencePercent of households with:

Total Urban Rural

Improved source of

drinking water

Improved sanitation (including

shared facilities)

Electricity

6674

58 56

74

39

83

59

39

Trends in Total Fertility Rate by ResidenceBirths per woman for the three-year

period before the survey

2018NDHS

5.9

Total

Rural

1990NDHS

2003NDHS

2008NDHS

2013NDHS

6.0 5.7 5.7 5.5 5.3

4.54.74.74.95.0

6.26.36.16.3

Urban

Trends in Family PlanningPercent of married women age 15-49

using family planning

2018NDHS

4 8 10 10 12

Any method

Any modern method1990NDHS

2003NDHS

2008NDHS

2013NDHS

613 15 15 17

Trends in Maternal Health CarePercent of women age 15-49 who had a live birth in the

�ve years before the survey for the most recent birth

2018NDHS

39

ANC by skilled provider

Health facility delivery*

1990NDHS

2003NDHS

2008NDHS

2013NDHS

57 58 58

36

674+ ANC visits575145

4751

61

353332

*% of live births in the �ve years before the survey

Basic Vaccination CoveragePercent of children age 12-23 months vaccinated

at any time before the survey

BCG 1

67 6558

50

74

47

67

12 23 3 Measles Allbasic

None

54

3119

DPT-HepB-Hib Polio

Trends in Childhood MortalityDeaths per 1,000 live births for the �ve-year period before the survey

2018NDHS

67

Under-5 mortality

Infant mortality

1990NDHS

2003NDHS

2008NDHS

2013NDHS

193 201

157

69

132

Neonatal mortality

3937404842

128

75100

87

Trends in Vaccination CoveragePercent of children age 12-23 months who received all

basic vaccinations at any time before the survey

2018NDHS

19

All basic vaccinationsNo vaccinations

1990NDHS

2003NDHS

2008NDHS

2013NDHS

2913

23 21

3125292736

Nutritional Status of Children by ResidencePercent of children under �ve, based on

2006 WHO Child Growth Standards

Stunted (too short

for age)

3727

45

Wasted (too thin for

height)

7 5 8

Underweight (too thin for age)

1522 27

Total Urban Rural

2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS): Zones & States

Current Use of Modern Methods by ZonePercent of married women age 15-49 using

a modern method of family planning

Nigeria

12 14 8 61613

24

NorthCentral

NorthEast

NorthWest

South East

South South

South West

Modern Method Use by StatePercent of married women age 15-49 using

a modern method of family planning

Sokoto2%

Zamfara7%

Kebbi3%

Katsina3%

Kano6%

Jigawa4%

Kaduna14%

Yobe2% Borno

5%

Bauchi5%

Gombe 16%

Adamawa18%

Taraba9%

Niger6%

Kwara17%

Kogi12%

FCT-Abuja20%

Nasarawa14%

Plateau21%

Benue16%

Enugu18%

Cross River19%

Oyo22%

Ogun17%

Osun27%

Ekiti25%

Ondo18%

Lagos29%

Edo15%

Delta13%

Imo11%

Ebonyi6%

Abia11%

Akwa Ibom 16%

Rivers20%

Bayelsa 3%

Anambra 17%

Nigeria12%

Legend

< 10% 10-19% ≥ 20%

Unmet Need for Family Planning by ZonePercent of married women age 15-49 with unmet need for family planning

Nigeria

19 21 19 1428

1822

NorthCentral

NorthEast

NorthWest

South East

South South

South West

One in five (19%) married women have an unmet need for family planning. Unmet need for family planning is lowest in Adamawa and Anambra (10% each) and highest in Cross River (35%).

Unmet Need for Family Planning by StatePercent of married women age 15-49 with unmet need for family planning

Sokoto13%

Zamfara15%

Kebbi12%

Katsina16%

Kano17%

Jigawa15%

Kaduna12%

Yobe21% Borno

26%

Bauchi21%

Gombe 17%

Adamawa10%

Taraba13%

Niger19%

Kwara24%

Kogi26%

FCT-Abuja19%

Nasarawa24%

Plateau20%

Benue17%

Enugu14%

Cross River35%

Oyo31%

Ogun18%

Osun26%

Ekiti18%

Ondo29%

Lagos17%

Edo33%

Delta24%

Imo21%

Ebonyi23%

Abia29%

Akwa Ibom 32%

Rivers23%

Bayelsa 30%

Anambra 10%

Nigeria19%

Legend

> 28% 19-27% < 18%

In Nigeria, 12% of married women age 15-49 use a modern method of family planning. Modern method use ranges from a low of 2% in both Sokoto and Yobe states to a high of 29% in Lagos.

Total Fertility Rate by ZoneBirths per woman for the three-year

period before the survey

Nigeria

5.3 5.06.1 6.6

4.04.7

3.9

NorthCentral

NorthEast

NorthWest

South East

South South

South West

Women in Nigeria have an average of 5.3 childen. Fertility varies by state, from a low of 3.4 children per woman in Lagos to a high of 7.3 children per woman in Katsina.

Total Fertility Rate by StateBirths per woman for the three-year period before the survey

Sokoto7.0

Zamfara6.4

Kebbi6.5

Katsina7.3

Kano6.5

Jigawa7.1

Kaduna5.9

Yobe5.9 Borno

5.2

Bauchi7.2

Gombe6.6

Adamawa6.1

Taraba5.4

Niger5.8

Kwara5.2

Kogi4.8

FCT-Abuja

4.3

Nasarawa5.3

Plateau4.7

Benue4.5

Enugu4.1

Cross River3.7

Oyo4.5

Ogun3.8

Osun3.8

Ekiti4.6

Ondo4.1

Lagos3.4

Edo4.8

Delta4.4

Imo4.5

Ebonyi5.4

Abia4.9

Akwa Ibom

3.6

Rivers3.9

Bayelsa 4.4

Anambra 4.7

Nigeria5.3

Legend

< 4.5 4.5 - 6.0 > 6.0

Under-�ve Mortality by ZoneDeaths per 1,000 live births for the ten-year period before the survey

95

134

187

737562

NorthCentral

NorthEast

NorthWest

South East

South South

South West

Under-5 mortality in Nigeria varies by state, ranging from 30 deaths per 1,000 live births in Ogun to 252 deaths per 1,000 live births in Kebbi.

Under-�ve Mortality by StateDeaths per 1,000 live births for the ten-year period before the survey

Sokoto197

Zamfara130

Kebbi252

Katsina188

Kano164

Jigawa213

Kaduna187

Yobe152 Borno

86

Bauchi147

Gombe 189

Adamawa104

Taraba129

Niger98

Kwara74

Kogi148

FCT-Abuja

75

Nasarawa120

Plateau106

Benue59

Enugu61

Cross River

80

Oyo64

Ogun30

Osun70

Ekiti95

Ondo79

Lagos59

Edo71

Delta53

Imo87

Ebonyi91

Abia86

Akwa Ibom

98

Rivers79

Bayelsa 31

Anambra 58

Legend 72-113 155+ 114-154 < 72

Stunting by ZonePercent of children under �ve who are stunted

Nigeria

3729

4957

201825

NorthCentral

NorthEast

NorthWest

South East

South South

South West

Stunting by StatePercent of children under �ve who are stunted

Sokoto55%

Zamfara51%

Kebbi66%

Katsina61%

Kano57%

Jigawa64%

Kaduna48%

Yobe57% Borno

45%

Bauchi55%

Gombe 51%

Adamawa40%

Taraba42%

Niger28%

Kwara33%

Kogi20%

FCT-Abuja21%

Nasarawa31%

Plateau45%

Benue21%

Enugu15%

Cross River23%

Oyo35%

Ogun27%

Osun24%

Ekiti22%

Ondo20%

Lagos17%

Edo16%

Delta24%

Imo18%

Ebonyi25%

Abia22%

Akwa Ibom 20%

Rivers17%

Bayelsa 25%

Anambra 14%

Nigeria37%

Nearly 2 in 5 (37%) children under five in Nigeria are stunted, or too short for their age. By state, stunting is lowest in Anambra (14%) and highest in Kebbi (66%).

Malaria Prevalence by ZonePercent of children age 6-59 months who tested positive for malaria by microscopy

Nigeria

23 21 2034

1616 18

NorthCentral

NorthEast

NorthWest

South East

South South

South West

Malaria Prevalence by StatePercent of children age 6-59 months who tested positive for malaria by microscopy

Sokoto36%

Zamfara36%

Kebbi52%

Katsina26%

Kano32%

Jigawa36%

Kaduna33%

Yobe13% Borno

10%

Bauchi31%

Gombe 30%

Adamawa21%

Taraba21%

Niger32%

Kwara20%

Kogi25%

FCT-Abuja20%

Nasarawa14%

Plateau21%

Benue13%

Enugu17%

Cross River20%

Oyo24%

Ogun22%

Osun28%

Ekiti32%

Ondo34%

Lagos2%

Edo15%

Delta17%

Imo8%

Ebonyi31%

Abia14%

Akwa Ibom 23%

Rivers11%

Bayelsa 13%

Anambra 9%

Nigeria23%

Legend

> 31% 16-30% < 15%

In Nigeria, 23% of children age 6-59 months tested positive for malaria by microscopy. Malaria prevalence ranges from 2% in Lagos to 52% in Kebbi.