: Noun1 is not Noun2
(wa) is the particle which indicates the subject or the topic of the sentence (desu) is a verb which means“to be”or “to equal”. It shows the identity or the state of things and people.
I am a student. watashi wa gakusei desu
This is a book. kore wa hon desu
Akira is Japanese. Akira wa nihonjin desu
-Note- Subjects actually tend to be omitted in the conversation whenever it is clear to the listener what or who they are talking about.
(I) am a student. gakusei desu
(This) is a book. hon desu
(He) is Japanese. nihonjin desu
(desu) is replaced with (dewa arimasen) to make a sentence in the negative form.
I am not a student. watashi wa gakusei dewa arimasen
This is not a book. kore wa hon dewa arimasen
Sarah is not Japanese. Sara wa nihonjin dewa arimasen
-Note- Instead of (dewa arimasen), (ja arimasen) is used in informal speech.
I am not a student. gakusei ja naidesu
It is not a book. hon ja naidesu
He(She) is not Japanese. nihonjin ja naidesu
Nihongo Library : nihongolibrary.com
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000694 000000000000779C 00000000 00001260 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
desu11
null
1.488
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000695 00000000000082DB 00000000 00001440 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
desu12
null
1.104
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000698 0000000000005ED8 00000000 00000E40 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
desu2
null
1.248
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000004C9 0000000000006E27 00000000 00001080 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
desu3
null
1.824
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 0000069B 000000000000A255 00000000 00001980 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
desu4
null
1.104
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000006D0 0000000000005C60 00000000 00000DE0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
desu5
null
0.768
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 0000069A 0000000000003D16 00000000 000008A0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
desu6
null
1.152
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000693 000000000000635D 00000000 00000F00 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
desu7
null
1.728
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000699 0000000000009957 00000000 00001800 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
desu8
null
2.16
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000556 000000000000C31A 00000000 00001EC0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
desu9
null
2.4
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 0000069D 000000000000D853 00000000 00002280 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

This is a book.
4. Sarah is American.
5. This is not a dictionary.
6. He is not Japanese.
7. I am not a student.
8. This is not a dictionary.
Translate the following sentences into Japanese. 1. This is a bag.
2. That is not a book.
3. This is a newspaper.
4. I am a student.
5. That is not a notebook.
6. I am not a teacher.
7. I am an office worker.
8. Takeshi is an engineer.
9. This is a school.
desu13
null
1.44
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 0000063B 0000000000007EB5 00000000 00001380 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
desu14
null
1.296
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000006AE 00000000000070C2 00000000 00001140 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
desu15
null
1.728
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000006A6 000000000000994A 00000000 00001800 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
desu16
null
1.92
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000006D5 000000000000A8DB 00000000 00001AA0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
desu17
null
1.728
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000698 0000000000009958 00000000 00001800 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
desu18
null
2.208
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 0000065E 000000000000C692 00000000 00001F80 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
desu19
null
2.112
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000006A9 000000000000BD47 00000000 00001E00 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
desu20
null
1.776
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000006E3 0000000000009D8D 00000000 000018C0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
desu21
null
1.728
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000006AD 0000000000009943 00000000 00001800 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
desu22
null
1.392
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 0000069A 0000000000007796 00000000 00001260 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
desu23
null
1.44
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000695 0000000000007C1B 00000000 00001320 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
desu24
null
1.776
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000695 0000000000009DDB 00000000 000018C0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
desu25
null
1.92
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000006AB 000000000000AB45 00000000 00001B00 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
desu26
null
2.304
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000004C4 000000000000CEEC 00000000 000020A0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
desu27
null
1.872
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000692 000000000000A49E 00000000 000019E0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
desu28
null
1.776
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000694 0000000000009B9C 00000000 00001860 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
desu29
null
1.488
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000006A9 00000000000082C7 00000000 00001440 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

: Noun1 was not Noun2
(desu) is replaced with (deshita) to make the past tense in the affirmative form.
I was a student. watashi wa gakusei deshita
(It) was a book. hon deshita
He/She was Japanese. nihonjin deshita
(desu) is replaced with (dewa arimasendeshita) to make the past tense in the negative form.
I was not a student. watashi wa gakusei dewa arimasen deshita
It was not a book. hon dewa arimasen deshita
(He/She) was not Japanese. nihonjin dewa arimasen deshita
-Note - Instead of (dewa arimasen), (ja nakatta desu) is used in informal speech.
(I) was not a student. gakusei ja nakatta desu
It was not a book. hon ja nakatta desu
(He/She) wass not Japanese. nihonjin ja nakatta desu
When you want to ask a question, simply put the particle (ka) at the end of the sentence.
? Are you a student? anata wa gakusei desu ka
? Is it a book? kore wa hon desu ka
? Is he Japanese? kare wa nihonjin desu ka
Particle
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000692 000000000000A01E 00000000 00001920 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
deshita10
null
1.728
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000006D8 00000000000096D8 00000000 000017A0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
deshita11
null
1.728
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 0000069B 0000000000009715 00000000 000017A0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
deshita12
null
0.864
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000004E0 0000000000004A10 00000000 00000A80 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
deshita2
null
0.864
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000553 000000000000475D 00000000 00000A20 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
deshita3
null
1.296
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000006DF 0000000000006E51 00000000 000010E0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
deshita4
null
2.64
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000005AE 000000000000ED82 00000000 000025E0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
deshita5
null
1.728
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000561 000000000000984F 00000000 000017A0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
deshita6
null
2.112
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000004BF 000000000000BCF1 00000000 00001DA0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
deshita7
null
1.392
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000545 0000000000007B2B 00000000 000012C0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
deshita8
null
1.728
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000006DD 00000000000096D3 00000000 000017A0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
deshita9
null
1.776
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000508 0000000000009F68 00000000 000018C0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

This was a book.
4. Sarah was American.
5. This was a dictionary.
6. He was not Japanese.
7. I was not a student.
8. This was not a dictionary.
9. ? Is this a dictionary?
10. ? Wasn’t he Japanese?
11. ? Aren’t you a student?
12. _? Is that a newspaper?
Translate the following sentences into Japanese. 1. Is this a hospital?
2. Takeshi was a doctor.
3. That was not a magazine.
4. Sarah was a student.
5. (He) was not (my) friend.
6. I was not a teacher.
7. Are you a bank clerk?
8. Is it a park?
9. Are you Japanese?
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000006B6 00000000000084FA 00000000 000014A0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
deshita14
null
1.392
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000004B4 000000000000797C 00000000 00001260 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
deshita15
null
1.824
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000692 000000000000A01E 00000000 00001920 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
deshita16
null
1.92
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000006A7 000000000000AB49 00000000 00001B00 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
deshita17
null
2.544
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000006AD 000000000000E5C3 00000000 000024C0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
deshita18
null
1.344
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000006C4 00000000000072EC 00000000 000011A0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
deshita19
null
2.208
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000006EF 000000000000C3C1 00000000 00001F20 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
deshita20
null
2.64
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000005AE 000000000000ED82 00000000 000025E0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
naver-f5467eb2-7bb7f14b-1da34e8f-4f7f42c5-6840996e
null
1.296
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000585 00000000000071EB 00000000 00001140 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
naver-6d5bd73c-333f4093-7a002313-e1c0b8e8-a15fda69
null
2.688
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000006B1 000000000000F33F 00000000 00002700 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
deshita23
null
1.584
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 0000069C 0000000000008BD4 00000000 000015C0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
deshita24
null
1.584
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000005AC 0000000000008CC4 00000000 000015C0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
deshita25
null
1.488
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000623 000000000000834D 00000000 00001440 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
deshita26
null
1.632
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000006E3 0000000000008DCD 00000000 00001620 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
deshita27
null
2.304
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000006BA 000000000000CF36 00000000 00002100 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
deshita28
null
2.016
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000004FE 000000000000B3B2 00000000 00001C20 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
deshita29
null
1.968
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000006EB 000000000000AF85 00000000 00001BC0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
deshita30
null
2.736
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000006C1 000000000000F7AF 00000000 000027C0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
naver-41b1e53f-cff4c4bf-00ed994b-c2b132e5-5544f3d2
null
1.2
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000504 000000000000696C 00000000 00000FC0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
deshita32
null
1.824
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000697 000000000000A259 00000000 00001980 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

Conjugating the verb (desu)
The ANSWERS to a yes/no question usually starts with (hai) or (iie). (hai) means “Yes” and (iie) means“No”.
Yes, I was a student. hai, watashi wa gakusei deshita
Yes, that is a book. hai, sore wa hon desu
No, I am not a teacher. iie, watashi wa sensei dewa arimasen
No, this is not a dictionary. iie, kore wa jisho dewa arimasen
(nani) is an interrogative pronoun which means“What”. Before d, t, and n sounds,(nani) becomes (nan).
? What is this? kore wa nan desu ka That is a dictionary. sore wa jisho desu
? What is that? sore wa nan desu ka This is a bag. kore wa kaban desu
? What is that? are wa nan desu ka That is a school. are wa gakkou desu
: Interrogative pronoun “What”
(formal)
(informal)
(formal)
(informal)
(formal)
(informal)
(formal)
(informal)
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 0000069A 000000000000BF96 00000000 00001E60 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
haiie10
null
1.296
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000517 0000000000007019 00000000 000010E0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
haiie11
null
0.336
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000696 00000000000016DA 00000000 00000240 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
haiie12
null
1.104
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000544 000000000000602C 00000000 00000E40 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
haiie13
null
0.912
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000006B4 0000000000004A7C 00000000 00000AE0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
haiie14
null
0.576
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000006D9 0000000000002D17 00000000 00000600 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
haiie15
null
0.624
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000693 0000000000002F9D 00000000 00000660 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
haiie16
null
1.488
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 0000069C 00000000000082D4 00000000 00001440 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
haiie17
null
1.2
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000004FF 0000000000006731 00000000 00000F60 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
haiie18
null
1.824
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000006B0 000000000000A000 00000000 00001920 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
haiie2
null
2.928
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000006BE 00000000000109B2 00000000 00002AC0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
haiie3
null
1.632
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000514 0000000000008F9C 00000000 00001620 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
haiie4
null
1.344
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000006C5 000000000000752B 00000000 00001200 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
haiie5
null
2.496
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000593 000000000000E25D 00000000 00002400 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
haiie6
null
1.296
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000004D5 000000000000705B 00000000 000010E0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
haiie7
null
1.248
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000662 0000000000006A4E 00000000 00001020 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
haiie8
null
1.488
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000692 000000000000809E 00000000 000013E0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
haiie9
null
0.576
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 0000069B 0000000000002D55 00000000 00000600 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
naver-8f5f9e38-f2f611f6-cf9f3fe0-e0550a72-444b4283
null
1.392
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 0000069A 0000000000007796 00000000 00001260 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

Yes, this is a newspaper.
2. , No, that is not a magazine.
3. , Yes, I was an office worker.
4. , No, Sarah was not an engineer.
5. ? What is this?
6. ? What is that?
7. ? What was it?
Translate the following sentences into Japanese. 1. What is this?
2. Yes, I am a student.
3. What is this?
4. What is that (over there)?
5. No, I am not a student. I am an office worker.
6. No, Ken is not Japanese.
haiie18
null
1.824
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000006B0 000000000000A000 00000000 00001920 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
haiie19
null
2.208
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000004BA 000000000000C5F6 00000000 00001F20 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
haiie20
null
2.16
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000006D9 000000000000C197 00000000 00001EC0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
haiie21
null
3.168
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000006AD 0000000000011E03 00000000 00002E20 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
haiie22
null
1.344
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000006C5 000000000000752B 00000000 00001200 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
haiie23
null
1.296
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000004D5 000000000000705B 00000000 000010E0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
haiie24
null
1.056
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000006A6 000000000000580A 00000000 00000D20 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
haiie25
null
1.296
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000517 0000000000007019 00000000 000010E0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
haiie26
null
1.536
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000006BA 00000000000084F6 00000000 000014A0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
haiie27
null
2.064
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000006B2 000000000000B67E 00000000 00001CE0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
haiie28
null
1.44
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000692 0000000000007E5E 00000000 00001380 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
haiie29
null
1.44
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 000006A3 0000000000007C0D 00000000 00001320 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
haiie30
null
3.984
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000694 0000000000016A9C 00000000 00003AE0 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
haiie31
null
2.64
eng - iTunSMPB 00000000 00000210 00000699 000000000000EED7 00000000 00002640 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
Botón 30290:
Botón 30293:
Botón 30295:
Botón 30296:
Botón 30297:
Botón 30298:
Botón 30299:
Botón 30300:
Botón 30301:
Botón 30302:
Botón 30303:
Botón 30304:
Botón 30329:
Botón 30267:
Botón 30268: