Nissil Bodies
Axon Hillock
Motor Neuron
Schwann Cell
Functional Classification
1. Sensory (afferent)
2. Motor (efferent)
3. Interneurons
• Conducts action potentials from periphery to CNS
• Transmits action potentials from CNS to periphery
• Impulses to effectors
• Completely within CNS
• Transmits action potentials from one part of CNS to another part of CNS
Neuroglia
Neuroglia CNS
Oligodendrocyte- Forms MyelinAstrocyte- Promote blood brain barrier,
nourish neuron, strengthen. "mommy"Ependymal- Produce cerebrospinal fluid, form
blood brain barrierMicroglia- Phagocytize bacteria
Neuroglia PNS
Schwann Cell- Myelin
Satellite Cell- nourish and support(The mommy for the PNS)
Disorders of the Neuroglia
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/ Lou Gehrig's- Astrocyte's secrete toxins that destroy neurons
Hungtington's- Microglia secretes toxins destroying neurons
Membrane Potential
Membrane Potential
Membrane Potential
Measuring the Action Potential
http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0073525707/student_view0/chapter10/voltage-gated_channels_and_the_action_potential.html
Neurotransmitters +30 or more typesAcetylcholine – stimulates skeletal muscle contractionsMonoamines
NorepinephrineDopamine
Norepinephrine & Dopamine generate a sense of well-being in CNSAmphetamines increases levels of dopamine & Norepinephrine
Amino AcidsGABA
General Inhibitory neurotransmitter in CNSOpens Cl- channels, Cl- influx hyperpolarizes cellSome Anesthesia enhance GABA secretionsSchizophrenia – associated with GABA deficiency
GasNitric Oxide (NO)
VasodilatorReleased during sexual arousalViagra prolongs the presence of NO