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7/23/2019 Nitrogen Awareness
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Death by Nitrogen
Every year people die in nitrogen rich/oxygen
deficient atmospheres because of ignorance,
attitude and failure to adhere to safe workpractices.
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Nitrogen (N2) vs. Oxygen (O2)
Nitrogen is not toxic it exists in air at 7!.
"xygen in the air is typically #$.!%hen nitrogen concentration increases,
oxygen concentration decreases.
Note: any compressed gas can also decrease O2 concentration in an
enclosed space by replacing O2.
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Facts & Figures - Liquid nitrogen
"ne litre li&uid gives 7$$ litres of gas
'old nitrogen is heavier than air so accumulates at
ground level. %hen li&uid N# is exposed to air the cloudy vapour that
you see is condensed moisture, not N# gas. N# gas is
invisible and this is the (anger))).
"*+ recommend at least - changes of air per hourwhen using li&uid N#.
Other nitrogen risks: pressure, frost, confuse LEL detectors.
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Medica de!initions
Os"osis f you have a concentrated mixture on
one side of a permeable membrane and a dilute
mixture on the other, the flow of material will be fromconcentrated to the dilute side.
#y$oxia reduction of "# supply to the tissues
%noxia lack of "# supply to the tissues.
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rans$ort o! oxygen
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O2 fows rom highconcentration to lowconcentration.
O2 fows rom highconcentration to lowconcentration.
Concentration of
O2 in the lungs ishigh
Concentration of O2 in
the tissues and Brain islower.
Oxygen Os"osis
Oxygen is transported from the lungs to cells,tissue and brain via Osmosis.
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O2 fows rom highconcentration to lowconcentration.
O2 decient air isinhaled Concentration of O2 in thetissues and Brain is higherthan the lungs
O2 fows rom highconcentration to lowconcentration.
Concentration of O2 equalises throughout the body.
O2 fows rom highconcentration to lowconcentration.
O2 decient air isinhaled Concentration of O2 in thetissues and Brain is higherthan the lungs
O2 fows rom highconcentration to lowconcentration.
O2 fows rom highconcentration to lowconcentration.
O2 decient air isinhaled Concentration of O2 in thetissues and Brain is higherthan the lungs
O2 fows rom highconcentration to lowconcentration.
Concentration of O2 equalises throughout the body.
O2 fows rom highconcentration to lowconcentration.
O2 decient air isinhaled Concentration of O2 in thetissues and Brain is higherthan the lungs
O2 fows rom highconcentration to lowconcentration.
O2 fows rom highconcentration to lowconcentration.
O2 decient air isinhaled Concentration of O2 in thetissues and Brain is higherthan the lungs
O2 fows rom highconcentration to lowconcentration.
Concentration of O2 equalises throughout the body.
O2 fows rom highconcentration to lowconcentration.
O2 decient air isinhaled Concentration of O2 in thetissues and Brain is higherthan the lungs
'hat ha$$ens hen you breathein nitrogen
!everse Osmosis
"ungs ta#e O2 from the blood stream which in turn ta#es it from
the brain.
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Brain becomes
starved of oxygen $you pass out.
%ou could sayyour brain shuts youdown
&t only ta#es onebreath'
'hat ha$$ens hen you breathein nitrogen
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*hysioogica e!!ectsOxygen (+vo) ,!!ects & y"$to"s
#0.1 2aximum 3+afe 4evel5 "+*
#6 "# level in air
6.1 2inimum permissible "# level 8most detectors are set here or 9ust aboveit:
61;6 espiration increases with exertion, pulse up, impaired muscularcoordination, perception ? 9udgement.
6$;6# >espiration further increases in rate ? depth, poor 9udgement, lips blue.
;6$ 2ental failure, fainting, unconsciousness, ashen face, blueness of lips,nausea, vomiting, inability to move freely.
-; minutes 6$$! fatal
- minutes 1$! probably fatality rate
=;- 'oma in =$ seconds, convulsions, respiration ceases, death
7/23/2019 Nitrogen Awareness
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#o ong does it tae to have an
e!!ect
%hen a person enters an oxygen deprived
atmosphere the oxygen level in the arterialblood drops to a low level within 1;7 seconds.
4oss of consciousness follows in 6$;6#
seconds.
*eart failure and death ensue if person does
not receive any oxygen in #;= minutes.
7/23/2019 Nitrogen Awareness
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'hat /! / hod "y breath
*olding your breath causes the oxygen in
your blood to be used up. f you then inhalethe inert atmosphere, suffocation and death
will follow in most cases 8N>+ E( -0#:
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Do / have to be in an encosed
s$ace to be at ris
No. ny situation where you can breathe oxygen
deficient air has the same effect.
ncident at @exas 'ity where individual was
working on top of reactor. *e leaned over, got a
blast of pure N# and pitched forward into the
vessel unconscious.
'old nitrogen is more dense than air so lower
concentration at floor level. f you lean down into a
li&uid nitrogen spillage you are also at risk.
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he ast ord0.Nitrogen is a silent killer and
demands RESPECT..!!!
PESE CONTRO "T N#
$OR% RO&N# "T PROPER'
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'hat i! / see a coeague ho is
unconscious
'all emergency services. ;