KERALA WATER AUTHORITY

Page 66 of 71

KERALA WATER AUTHORITY

NRDWP Water Supply Scheme to Velliyamattom and Alakkode (Part)Villages in Idukki District.-Package II (1) Laying Raw Water Pumping Main, Clear Water Pumping Mains to R2 (Mandirampaara), R5 (Kuzhinjaalikavala), (2) Clear Water Gravity Main to Sump near Latin Church, (3) Construction of OHSR (R5) & (4) Laying Distribution system in Zones I, II & V. e -Tender No. 06/2015-16/SE/PHC/MVPAVOLUME - 2

SCOPE OF WORK

OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDING ENGINEERP.H. CIRCLE

KERALA WATER AUTHORITYMUVATTUPUZHA, KERALA STATE

Tel.No . / FAX.NO. 0485-2835637email : semuvattupuzhakwa@yahoo.in

CONTENTS1. SCOPE OF WORK

Page 2 92. STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS

Page 10 543. SPECIAL SPECIFICATIONS

Page 55 594. SPECIFICATION FOR OHSR,SUMP&PUMP HOUSE Page 60 665. AnnexuresI & II.

Page67

1. SCOPE OF WORK1.1 GENERAL INFORMATION1.1.1 PROJECT AREAThe project area lie in the South - western part of Idukki district. The total area comes to 36.60sq.km. The scheme area consists of Velliyamattom Village and part of Alakkode Village. The topography of the area is undulating. Most of the places in Velliyamattom Panchayath are highly elevated. 1.1.2SITE CONDITION 1.1.2.1 The pipe laying work is to be carried out through PWD Road and Panchayat Roads. Construction of OHSR shall be done in the private land near CSI Church at Kuzhinjalikavala. Excavation shall also have to be carried out for cutting of existing pavement formation where the asphalt surface may also have to be cut and removed. Care shall be taken to ensure that damage to the road surface is the least and hindrance to vehicular and pedestrian traffic is the minimum. There may be other utilities lying along the proposed pipe line alignment such as telephone cable, media cables, electricity cable, water supply lines etc. and contractor shall have to take maximum care in excavation for laying of pipe line. In view of the existing utility lines and traffic, manual labour is recommended for earthwork excavation.

1.1.2.2Excavation for laying of pipe shall have to be done in lines and levels so as to provide a minimum cover of 100 cm above the pipe to be laid. The requirement of minimum cover may increase to 1.2m when the pipes are to be laid over National Highway or important State Highways. Also the depth of excavation may increase where the pipe line shall have to cross existing utilities or culverts or bridge as decided by the Engineer in charge, based on specific site conditions.1.1.2.3 The contractor shall arrange for necessary bailing out water for trenching and pipe line work if necessary and the rate quoted by the tenderer shall be inclusive of all incidental charges such as shoring and any other protection to the sides of trenches, protection to telephone and electric posts, convenient temporary realignment of existing utilities within the proposed alignment, all site safety measures such as providing fencing, lighting and watching of the work, bailing out water etc. complete. No claim for any extra item will be entertained against any of the incidental charges that may erase out on contingences associated with the completion of the work. 1.2 DETAILED SCOPE OF WORK

The Detailed scope of work is covered under Clauses 1.2.1 to 1.2.3 below. The specifications detailed in 2.1 to 4.3.16 shall also be complied with to suit to the specific situations. 1.2.1 Supplying, laying, testing and commissioning of (1) Raw water pumping main 250mm DI K9 pipe from Existing Well cum Pump House at Kanjar to Proposed WTP at Njarlampuzha, (2) 80mm GI(M) pipe Clear Water Pumping Mains from WTP to existing GLSR(R2) at Mandirampaara, (3) 150mm DI(K9) pipe Clear Water Pumping Mains from WTP to OHSR(R5) at (Kuzhinjaalikavala) and (4) 250mm DI K9 pipe Clear Water Gravity Main to Sump near Latin Church and interconnection works at sump side and OHSR side.Sl.No.SizeClass of pipeLength of pipe

( in m)

(for laying)length of pipe

( in m)

(for Spare)

1250DIK9( Tyton)180045

280GIMedium200050

3150DIK9( Tyton)7600190

4250DIK9( Tyton)305076

The work abstracted in clause 1.2.1 above includes the completion of works specified in 1.2.1.1 to 1.2.1.11 below.1.2.1.1 Supplying and laying 250 mm, 150mm dia DI K9 pipes and 80mm GI (M) pipes using tees, bends and specials, trenching in all classes of soil, jointing according to IS specification, testing at the required hydraulic pressure, layered back filling the trenches and its consolidation, connecting & commissioning including providing fencing, shoring, lighting, watching , providing caution board, dewatering , providing anchor blocks at change in alignment of pipe, red earth cushioning, including cutting asphalt/concrete surface road etc. wherever necessary as per direction of departmental officers.

1.2.1.2 Supplying and fitting 250mm, 150mm, 80mm CI D/F (PN 1.6) Sluice valves with hand wheel conforming to relevant BIS/ISO standards and bearing ISI /ISO marking for control valves/scour valves with required specials as per the conditions of contract and specifications. List of Valves are given as Annexure I.

1.2.1.3 Supplying and fitting 50mm, 40 mm CI Flanged double air valve, conforming to IS 14845 / 2000, small orifice fitted with rubber ball and large with vulcanized ball, suitable for line pressure of 10 kg / cm2 as per direction of departmental officers

1.2.1.4 Construction of R.C.C valve chambers as per approved drawing, with heavy duty CI man hole cover of size 600mm x 600mm (clause 2.2.8.7) for air valves & sluice and scour valves of size 100mm and above, including earth work excavation in all classes soil as per the direction of departmental officers

1.2.1.5 Restoration of cut portion of road with concrete using cement concrete 1:3:6 using aggregates of size 40mm and 20mm in the ratio 1:1 including ramming , consolidation, curing , form work if necessary etc. complete as per the direction of departmental officers wherever required.

1.2.1.6 Dismantling the culvert / bridge portion for crossing the proposed pipe line etc. ,wherever necessary, and reconstructing after laying pipes using the dismantled rubble in cement mortar 1:5, including cost of cement etc. complete

1.2.1.7 Supplying and laying suitable size pipe for covering the proposed pipes for crossing the culvert/ bridge portion using necessary CID joint(1 No.) including all materials required for the connection of CI pipe as per the direction of departmental officers.

1.2.1.8 Supplying and fixing in bed concrete, CI/DI Protection tube of approved quality for covering sluice and scour valves of size up to and including 80mm as per the direction of departmental officers and approved drawing.

1.2.1.9 Design and construction of R.C.C anchor block including earth work excavation in all classes of soil wherever required, as per the direction of departmental officers and approved drawing

1.2.1.10 Protection work to electric posts, existing line/cable/pipe line/ any underground utilities etc wherever required.

1.2.1.11 Providing sufficient spare pipes (as per clause 1.2.1) for the future maintenance of the pipeline. Bends(90o,45o,22.5o,11.25o) shall be supplied as spares as given int the price schedule P1 & P2.

1.2.2Construction of Over Head Service Reservoir (O.H.S.R), including soil investigation, design, construction, testing and commissioning of elevated RCC reservoir with RCC staging consisting of columns with necessary bracings having effective storage capacity of 1.7 Lakh Litre, at Kuzhinjalikkavala in Velliyamattom Panchayat along with all associated works viz: supply, installation, of DI/C.I pipes, specials, valves etc. for Inlet/ Outlet/ Overflow/ Scour/ Interconnection with existing system &Construction of compound wall. The ground level of the OHSR site is +176.000m and inlet level +185.00m out let level +181.00m. The land area is 12.00m x 10.00m. The thickness of side wall and bottom slab shall be a minimum of 250 mm. The thickness of cover slab of tank shall be a minimum of 125 mm with clear cover as per the exposed condition Severe specified in the Code IS 456:2000(with latest amendments).The work abstracted in clause 1.2.2 above includes the completion of works specified in 1.2.2.1 to 1.2.2.17 below.

1.2.2.1 Preparation of layout plan for the site establishment and work program including soil investigation.

1.2.2.2 Construction of Over Head Service Reservoir, including related earthwork, dismantling any structure, construction of suitable type of foundations suitable to the soil conditions and loading sustained, RCC staging, walkway around the reservoir, providing and fixing inlet, outlet, overflow and scour pipes, vent pipes, valve chambers, overflow and scour chambers, anchor blocks etc. as per design and construction drawings showing detailed reinforcement details and sizes which shall be submitted by contractor after getting proof checking of design. The design shall be got approved by the Tendering authority before construction work is started.1.2.2.3 The size and material of pipe and specials for inlet and overflow shall be 150mm DI/K9, that of outlet shall be 150 mm DI/K9, and that of scour shall be 200 mm DI/K9. The scope also includes providing and fixing inlet valves, outlet valves, overflow valves, scour valves with PN1.6 rating having same size as that of the pipe. Supplying and laying of all inlet, outlet, overflow, scour pipes from the boundary of the OHSR site to the OHSR and Sump are included in the scope of the work and the rate quoted shall be inclusive of the same.

1.2.2.4 Providing and fixing 100 mm or nearest size CI/DI vent cowl and specials covered with steel net as per approved design and drawings. A minimum of 6 nos of vent cowl shall be provided. A minimum of 2 openings covered with CI MH cover (Medium duty) with locking arrangement is to be provided in roof slab. 1.2.2.5 Providing GI pipe railing around walkway and top slab.

1.2.2.6 Providing and applying two coats of Acrylic paint to structures including roof slab, epoxy painting to internal surface.

1.2.2.7 The scope also includes painting the name of the scheme, logo and other details on the reservoir as per the direction of the Engineer in charge.

1.2.2.8 Providing lightning arrestor for the OHSR as per approved design and drawing.

1.2.2.9 Construction of Compound wall to the tank site including fixing gate of width not less than 3m with locking arrangement also includes in the scope of the work.

1.2.2.10 Removal of surplus excavated earth from site and dumping at a site about 5 km away from site as per the direction of the departmental officers.

1.2.2.11 Providing and fixing G.I./PVC water bars at construction joints.

1.2.2.12 Supplying and fixing of level indicator and other necessary fixtures as required and directed by Engineer In charge.

1.2.2.13 Providing and fixing MS ladder (with GI hand rail) from the bottom to the top of tank and MS ladder for access to inside of reservoir.

1.2.2.14 The scope of work also includes cleaning, washing and disinfection of inside of reservoirs making it free from any foreign matter, loose particles, debris, etc. and making it suitable for storage of potable water, commissioning and handing over the reservoir and piping works with all other items.

1.2.2.15 Testing of the Reservoirs for water tightness.

1.2.2.16 Submission of as built drawings, Reports, designs and drawings etc. connected with the work is also included in the scope. These shall be furnished by the contractor for approval, minimum in triplicate copies or as called for by the Engineer in charge. Contractor shall prepare and submit to the approving authority six additional copies of the approved drawings immediately on receipt of approval for transmission to various field offices. On completion of approval of all items connected with the project, the contractor shall prepare three copies of bound volumes of the approved documents and furnish to the approving authority. The preparation and binding of this document should be in such a manner that during the long period of future reference and recorded life, it shall not get disintegrated nor legibility is lost.

1.2.2.17 Rectification of defects/ leakages observed during maintenance/ guarantee period.1.2.3 Supplying, laying, testing and commissioning of 150mm&200mm DI K9 pipe, 150mm to 50mm GI (M) pipe, and 160mm to 63mm PVC class 3,4,5,&6 (6kg,8kg,10kg & 12.50kg) pipes for Distribution networks in Zone I,II & V of Velliyamattom Panchayath as per the following list of pipes and interconnection works at sump side and OHSR/GLSR side.Sl.No.SizeClass of pipeLength of pipe ( in m)

(for laying)

1150DIK9( Tyten)50

2150GIMedium74

3125GIMedium1524

4100GIMedium164

580GIMedium421

665GIMedium558

750GIMedium3948

8160PVCClass- 3669

9140PVCClass- 383

10140PVCClass- 4187

11140PVCClass- 5579

12110PVCClass- 3710

13110PVCClass- 4763

1490PVCClass- 3544

1590PVCClass- 4734

1690PVCClass- 52206

1790PVCClass- 6310

1875PVCClass- 31492

1975PVCClass- 4934

2075PVCClass- 51548

2175PVCClass- 61039

2263PVCClass- 33779

2363PVCClass- 42884

2463PVCClass- 58414

2563PVCClass- 65845

The work abstracted in clause 1.2.3 above includes the completion of works specified in 1.2.3.1 to 1.2.3.10 below.

1.2.3.1 Supplying and laying 150mm DI K9 pipe, 150mm to 50mm GI (M) pipe, and 160mm to 63mm PVC class 3,4,5,&6 (6kg,8kg,10kg & 12.50kg) pipes using tees, bends and specials, trenching in all classes of soil, jointing according to IS specification, testing with required hydraulic pressure, back filling the trenches in layers and consolidation, connecting & commissioning including providing fencing, shoring, lighting, watching , providing caution board, dewatering , providing anchor blocks at change in alignment of pipe, red earth cushioning, including cutting asphalt/concrete surface road etc. wherever necessary as per direction of departmental officers.

1.2.3.2 Supplying and fitting 150mm, 125mm, 100mm, 80mm CI D/F (PN 1.6) Sluice valves with hand wheel and 65mm, 50mm GM valves conforming to relevant BIS/ISO standards and bearing ISI/ISO marking for control valves/scour valves with required specials as per the conditions of contract and specifications. List of Valve are given as Annexure- II

1.2.3.3 Supplying and fitting 40mm/25mm/20mm/15mm small orifice air valve, as the case may be, conforming to IS 14845/2000, small orifice fitted with rubber ball and large with vulcanized ball, suitable for line pressure of 10 kg/cm2 as per direction of departmental officers

1.2.3.4 The scope of work includes providing 54 Nos. of RCC street hydrants using

standard type RCC street fountain, 20mm GI pipe for tap connection, suitable size saddle clamp, stop cock, specials 20mm waste not tap etc. complete as per the direction of departmental officers.as per direction of departmental officers

1.2.3.5 Construction of R.C.C valve chambers as per approved drawing(clause 2.2.8.7), with heavy duty CI man hole cover of size 600mm x 600mm for air valves & sluice and scour valves of size 100mm and above, including earth work excavation in all classes soil as per the direction of departmental officers

1.2.3.6 Restoration of cut portion of road with concrete using cement concrete 1:3:6 using aggregates of size 40mm and 20mm in the ratio 1:1 including ramming , consolidation, curing , form work if necessary etc. complete as per the direction of departmental officers wherever required.

1.2.3.7 Dismantling the culvert / bridge portion for crossing the proposed pipe line etc. and reconstruction after laying pipes using the dismantled rubble in cement mortar 1:5, including cost of cement etc. complete

1.2.3.8 Supplying and fixing in bed concrete, CI/DI Protection tube of approved quality for covering sluice and scour valves of size up to and including 80mm as per the direction of departmental officers and approved drawing.

1.2.3.9 Design and construction of R.C.C anchor block including earth work excavation in all classes of soil wherever required, as per the direction of departmental officers and approved drawing

1.2.3.10 Protection work to electric posts, existing line/cable/pipe line/ any underground utilities etc wherever required.

1.2.3.11 Providing sufficient spare pipes (as per clause 1.2.3) for the future maintenance of the pipeline. Bends(90o,45o,22.5o,11.25o) shall be supplied as spares as given int the price schedule P1 & P2.2. STANDARD Specifications2.1 GENERAL

2.1.1 PreambleThese Specifications cover the items of work in structural and non-structural parts of the Works coming under purview of this document. All work shall be carried out in conformation with this. In general, provisions of Indian Standards, Indian Roads Congress Codes, MORTH Specifications for Roads and Bridge Works (III Revision) and other national standards have been followed. These Specifications are not intended to cover the minute details. The work shall be executed in accordance with best modern practices. All codes and standards referred to in these Specifications shall be the latest edition including all applicable Official Amendments and revisions thereof.

2.1.2 Inclusive documentsThe provisions of special conditions of contract, those specified on the tender as well as execution Drawings and notes or other Specifications issued in writing by the Engineer shall form part of these Specifications.

2.1.3 Order of precedence, clarifications and interpretation

2.1.3.1 When the various Specifications and codes referred to in preceding portion are at variance with these Specifications and with each other, the following order of precedence will generally be accepted.

1. Written instructions of the Engineer.

2. Special Conditions of Contract, Special specifications Item wise Technical Specifications, if provided, and Execution Drawings.

3. Provisions of Standard Specifications.

4. I.S. Codes.

5. IRC Codes, M.O.S.T., Specifications, etc.

6. The Manual on Water Supply and Treatment and the Manual on Sewerage and Sewage Treatment issued by CPHEEO, Ministry of Urban Development, New Delhi.

2.1.3.2 The attention of the Contractor is drawn to those Clauses of IS codes which require either Specification by Engineer or the mutual agreement between the supplier and purchaser. In such cases it is the responsibility of the Contractor to seek clarification on any uncertainty and obtain prior approval of the Engineer before taking up the supply/construction.

2.1.4 Measurement and Payments

The methods of measurement and payment shall be as described in IS Codes. Should there be any detail of construction or materials which has not been referred to in these Specification or in the bill of quantities and Drawings but the necessity for which may be implied or inferred wherefrom, or which are usual or essential to the completion of the work in the trades, the same shall be deemed to be included in the rates and prices quoted by the Contractor for the work.

2.1.5 Unacceptable work

All defective Works are liable to be demolished, rebuilt and defective materials replaced by the Contractor at his own cost. Defective materials demolished from work site for bad work have to be removed from work site by the contractor, at his own expense, latest within a week, failing limit the Engineer shall get it removed from the site in a manner he deems fit and the expenditure towards this shifting shall be removed from the bills of the contractor delay with penalty as deemed fit by the engineer. In the event of such Works being accepted by carrying out repairs etc. as specified by the Engineer, the cost of repairs will be borne by the Contractor.

2.1.6 Water supply and Sanitary Works

All items covered under the above head shall conform to the detailed Specifications given for each of the items in addition to the by-laws of the local bodies within whose jurisdiction the Works are executed. The Works shall be carried out as per the relevant IS Codes, the Manual on Water Supply and Treatment and the Manual on Sewerage and Sewage Treatment issued by CPHEEO, Ministry of Urban Development, New Delhi and as per the instructions of the Engineer.

2.1.7 Maintaining Utility Service and Traffic

2.1.7.1 Public Utilities

2.1.7.1.1 Drawings scheduling the affected services like water pipes, sewers, oil pipelines, cables, gas ducts etc. owned by various authorities including Public Undertakings and Local bodies shall be verified by the Contractor for the accuracy of the information prior to the commencement of any work.

2.1.7.1.2 Notwithstanding the fact that the information on affected services may not be exhaustive, the final position of these services within the Works shall be supposed to have been indicated based on the information furnished by different bodies and to the extent the bodies are familiar with the final proposals. The intermediate stages of the Works are, however, unknown at the design stage, these being dictated by the Contractors methods of working. Accordingly, the Contractors programme must take into account the period of notice and duration of diversionary Works of each body as given on the Drawings and the Contractor must also allow for any effect of these services and alterations upon the Works and for arranging regular meetings with the various bodies at the commencement of the Contract and throughout the period of the Works in order to maintain the required co-ordination. During the period of Works, the Contractor shall have no objection if the public utility bodies vary their decisions in the execution of their proposals in terms of programme and construction, provided that, in the opinion of the Engineer, the Contractor has received reasonable notice thereof before the relevant alterations are put in hand.

2.1.7.1.3 No clearance or alterations to the utility shall be carried out unless specially ordered by the Engineer.

2.1.7.1.4 Any services affected by the Works must be temporarily supported by the Contractor who must also take all measures reasonably required by the various bodies to protect their services and property during the progress of the Works.

2.1.7.1.5 The Contractor may be required to carry out certain Works for and on behalf of the various bodies and he shall also provide, with the prior approval of the Engineer, such assistance to the various bodies as may be authorized by the Engineer.

2.1.7.1.6 The work of temporarily supporting and protecting the public utility services during execution of the Works shall be deemed to be part of the Contract and no extra payment shall be made for the same.

2.1.7.1.7 The Contractor may be required to carry out the removal or shifting of certain services/utilities on specific orders from the Engineer for which payment shall be made to him. Such works shall be taken up by the Contractor only after obtaining clearance from the Engineer and ensuring adequate safety measures.

The Contractor should obtain prior written permission from the service departments such as Telecom, KSEB etc., before digging. In addition, the service departments should be informed before commencing the work to enable the service department to depute their officials to help in either disconnecting or restoring such services, as the case may be. Any revenue loss occurring due to the negligence of the contractor shall be made good by him. The rate for shifting of utilities will be on the basis of Schedule of Rates of concerned departments.

2.1.7.2 Arrangement for Traffic during Construction2.1.7.2.1 General

The Contractor shall at all times carry out work on the roads in a manner creating least interference to the flow of traffic. 2.1.7.2.2 Traffic Safety and Control

1. The Contractor shall take all necessary measures for the safety of traffic during work and provide, erect and maintain such barricades, including signs, markings, flags, lights and flagmen as may be required by the Engineer for the information and protection of traffic. Before taking up any work, an agreed phased programme for the diversion of traffic on the highway shall be drawn up in consultation with the Engineer.

2.The barricades erected on either side of the carriageway/portion of the carriageway closed to traffic, shall be of strong design to resist violation, and painted with alternate black and white stripes. Red lanterns or warning lights of similar type shall be mounted on the barricades at night and kept lit throughout from sunset to sunrise.

3. At the points where traffic is to deviate from its normal path (whether on temporary diversion or part width of the carriage way) the channel for traffic shall be clearly marked with the aid of pavement markings, painted drums or a similar device as per the directions of the Engineer. At night, the passage shall be delineated with lanterns or other suitable light source.

4. One-way traffic operation shall be established whenever the traffic is to be passed over part of the carriageway inadequate for two-lane traffic. This shall be done with the help of temporary traffic signals or flagmen kept positioned on opposite sides during all hours. For regulation of traffic, the flagmen shall be equipped with red and green flags and lanterns/lights.

5. On both sides, suitable regulatory/warning signs as approved by the Engineer shall be installed for the guidance of road users. On each approach, at least two signs shall be put up.2.1.7.2.3 Maintenance of Diversions and Traffic Control Devices

Signs, lights, barriers and other traffic control devices, as well as the riding surface of diversions shall be maintained in a satisfactory condition till such time they are required as directed by Engineer. The temporary traveled way shall be kept free of dust by frequent applications of water, as directed by the Engineer.

2.1.7.2.4 No extra payments for Traffic Safety and Control described in Clause 2.1.7.2.2 and maintenance of Diversions and Traffic Control Devices described in Clause 2.1.7.2.32.1.8 Methodology and Sequence of Work

Prior to start of the construction activities at site, the Contractor shall, within 30 days after the date of the Letter of Acceptance, submit to the Engineer for approval, the detailed construction methodology including mechanical equipment proposed to be used, sequence of various activities and schedule from start to end of the project. 2.1.9 Approval of Materials

2.1.9.1 Approval of all sources of material for Works shall be obtained in writing from the Engineer before their use on the project. The contractor shall verify that the entire quantity required for the work could be obtained from the approved locations from where material is to be taken. Any extra lead, in the eventuality of material not being available at the said locations, will not be allowed, should be locations subsequently approved be located at a distance involving more lead.

2.1.9.2 Where the terms crushed gravel/shingle, crushed stone, broken stone or stone aggregate appear in any part of the Tender Documents or Drawings issued for work, they refer to crushed gravel /crushed shingle / crushed stone aggregate obtained from an integrated crushing plant having appropriate primary crusher, secondary crusher and vibratory screen.

2.1.9.3 Raw and processed samples of the mineral aggregates from the approved quarry shall be submitted by the Contractor at no extra cost.

2.1.10 Access to Abutting Properties

2.1.10.1 For the duration of the Works the Contractor shall at all times provide convenient access to paths, steps, bridges or drives for all entrances to property abutting the site and maintain them clear, tidy, and free from mud and objectionable matter.

2.1.10.2 In addition to the above, in order to ensure uninterrupted traffic flow in the cross roads, the Contractor has to provide and maintain suitable crossing arrangement for the existing traffic to move across the construction work for all categories of roads crossing the roads where the work is carried out during the entire period of construction or till such time that alternative arrangement for the traffic is made.

2.1.11 Use of Equipment on works

The following conditions regarding use of equipments on works shall be followed:

1. The Contractor shall be required to give a trial run of the equipment(s) or establishing their capability to achieve the required Specifications and tolerance to the satisfaction of the Engineer before commencement of the work.

2. All equipments provided shall be proven efficiency and shall be operated and maintained at all times in a manner acceptable to the Engineer.

3. No equipment or personnel will be removed from site without permission of Engineer.

2.1.12 Quality Control on Works and Materials

2.1.12.1 The Contractor shall be responsible for the quality of the work in the entire construction work within the contract. He shall, therefore, have his own independent and adequate set-up for ensuring the same.

2.1.12.2 The Engineer shall inspect the work from time to time during and after construction and ascertain the quality of the work tested (by himself, by his Testing and Quality Control Units or by any other agency deemed fit by him). Additional tests may also be conducted where, in the opinion of the Engineer, need for such tests exist.

2.1.12.3 The Contractor shall provide necessary cooperation and assistance in obtaining the samples for tests and carrying out the field tests as required by the Engineer from time to time. This may include provision of labour, attendance, assistance in packing and dispatching and any other assistance considered necessary in connection with the tests. The contractor shall provide all sample-collection equipment, tools, etc., required for the collection of samples.

2.1.12.4 The Contractor shall carry out modification in procedure of work, if any, as directed by the Engineer during inspection.

2.1.12.5 Works falling short of quality as per tests indicated in Clause 2.1.12.2 above shall be rectified by the Contractor as directed by the Engineer at his own cost.

2.1.12.6 For testing of samples of soil, soil mix, granular material and mix, aggregates, etc. Samples in the required quantity and form shall be supplied to the Engineer by the Contractor at his own cost.2.1.12.7 For cement and similar other materials where essential tests are to be carried out at the manufacturers plants or at laboratories approved by the Engineer other than the site laboratory, the cost of samples, sampling, testing and furnishing of test certificates shall be borne by the Contractor. He shall also furnish the test certificates to the Engineer.

2.1.12.8 For testing of cement concrete at site during construction, arrangement for supply of samples shall be made by the Contractor as per the frequency and number of tests specified in the relevant IS codes.

2.1.12.9 Where the Engineer considers that in the interest of the control of the quality on materials or workmanship, modifications, if any, are necessary, such modifications shall be carried out by the Contractor at no extra cost.

2.1.12.10 The Contract rate quoted for the work shall be deemed to be inclusive of all costs of the provisions indicated in the above-mentioned clauses.

2.1.13 Completion Drawings

2.1.13.1 The Contractor shall submit to the Engineer within 15 days of actual completion, Completion Drawings as specified below for the whole of the works. These Drawings shall be accurate and correct in all respects and shall be shown to and approved by the Engineer.

2.1.13.2 Completion Drawings on two prints, Documentation, photographs, videotapes, etc., shall be supplied by the Contractor.

2.2 SITE CLEARANCE 2.2.1 Scope

This work shall consist of cutting, removing and disposing of all materials such as trees, bushes, shrubs, stumps, roots, grass, weeds, top organic soil not exceeding 150 mm in thickness, rubbish etc., from the area of Works which in the opinion of the Engineer are unsuitable for incorporation in the Works, and such other areas as may be specified on the Drawings or by the Engineer. It shall include necessary excavation, backfilling of pits resulting from uprooting of trees and stumps to required compaction, handling, salvaging, and disposal of cleared materials. Clearing and grubbing shall be performed in advance of earthwork operations and in accordance with the requirements of these Specifications.

2.2.2 Preservation of Property/Amenities

Trees, shrubs, any other plants, pole lines, fences, signs, monuments, buildings, pipelines, sewers and all facilities within or adjacent to the site which are not to be disturbed shall be protected from injury or damage. The Contractor shall provide and install at his own expense, suitable safeguards approved by the Engineer for this purpose.

2.2.3 Methods, Tools and Equipments

Only such methods, tools and equipments as are approved by the Engineer and which will not affect the property to be preserved shall be adopted for the Work

2.2.4 All excavations below the general ground level arising out of the removal of trees, stumps, etc., shall be filled with suitable material and compacted thoroughly so as to make the surface as these points conform to the surrounding area.

2.2.5 Any boulder or small mound protruding should also be removed either by chiseling, chipping or by heating and by adopting in latest technologies for cresting cracks and fissures etc in the rock as approved by the Engineer.

2.2.6 Disposal of Materials

2.2.6.1 All materials arising from clearing and grubbing operations shall be the property of Employer and shall be disposed of by the Contractor as hereinafter provided or directed by the Engineer.

2.2.6.2 Trunks and stumps of trees shall be cleaned of limbs and roots and stacked. Also boulders, stones and other materials usable in construction shall be neatly stacked as directed by the Engineer. Stacking stumps, boulders, stones etc., shall be done at specified spots with all lifts and up to a lead of 1000 m. 2.2.6.3 All products of clearing and grubbing which, in the opinion of the Engineer, cannot be used or auctioned shall be cleared away from the site in a manner as directed by the Engineer. Care shall be taken to see that unsuitable waste materials are disposed off in such a manner that there is no likelihood of these getting mixed up with the materials meant for construction.

2.2.7 Stacking, Covering and Protection

2.2.7.1 Material shall be stacked in such a manner as to ensure the preservation of their quality and fineness for the work. Different types of materials shall be stacked separately and in such a way that counting and measurements can be done without disturbing the stacks. Any material that is liable to be affected by rain or other adverse weather conditions shall be covered and protected against the same.

2.2.7.2 Earth, dismantled materials shall be stacked as directed by the Engineer.

2.2.7.3 Cement bags, steel bars, structural steel sections, bricks and timber and other similar materials shall be stacked in regular tiers.

2.2.7.4 Pipes of DI, BWSC, PVC, GI etc. shall be stacked in rows.

2.2 8. Laying Pipes and Specials

2.2.8.1. Earthwork Excavation

i) Excavation for the pipe line work is to be done generally in hard soil, medium rock, or ordinary rock. Hard rock is also present along the proposed alignment of the pipe line and excavation in such hard rock may involve stray blasting. Wherever blasting is done for trenching, protection shall be provided with sand bag to void damages to nearby structures. Blasted rock recovered during excavation shall be stacked and handed over to the department.

ii)A 20 cm thick layer of red earth cushion is to be provided in the pipes trenches where the excavated bed of trench is rocky. Excavation shall also be carried out for cutting of the existing pavement formation, where the asphalt surface may have to be cut and removed. Care shall be taken to ensure that damages to the road surface are the least and hindrance to vehicular and pedestrian traffic is minimum. There may be other utilities lying along the proposed pipe line alignment such as telephone cables, electricity cables, water supply lines etc; and contractor shall have to take maximum care in excavation for laying of the pipe line. If any of the existing structure/utilities are damaged during the excavation for pipe laying works, the contractor shall have to make good the losses/pay the claim of the respective department and Kerala Water Authority will not be responsible for any such expenses incurred by the contractor.

iii)Excavation for laying of pipes shall have to be done in lines so as to provide a minimum cover of 1m above the pipes to be laid and care shall be taken to avoid sudden change in gradient and alignment. The requirement of minimum cover may increase up to 1.20m where the pipes are to be laid over PWD/main highway roads. Also the depth of excavation may increase where the pipe line shall have to cross existing utilities or culvers or drains as decided by the Engineer in charge, based on specific site conditions. Sufficient width as per standard specification and KWA Technical Circular shall be provided. Socket trench shall be taken at every joint before laying pipes so as to enable the body (shell) of the pipe to rest on leveled compacted firm ground in the trench.

iv) Only select fill materials free of stones and sharp aggregates shall be used for refilling the trenches to a height of 30cm from the top of pipeline. Necessary earth shall be supplied by the tenderer without any extra cost if the excavated earth is found insufficient for filling the trenches. All the backfilling shall be watered and compacted in 20cm layers to avoid further settlement of refilled portion. Any excess of soil after refilling the trenches shall be removed by the contractor and disposed off from site within a distance of 5km as directed by the Executive Engineer. If the site condition so warranted, the excavated earth shall be conveyed to a convenient place as directed by the engineer to a dumping place within a distance of 5 KM for avoiding inconvenience to normal traffic and the same shall be transported back for refilling without any extra cost.

v) Protection shall be provided for the filled up earth wherever necessary and as directed by the Engineer in Charge.

vi)In case the contractor fail to provide necessary protection work such as fencing, shoring etc. as required at the site, the Engineer in charge will have the power to deduct the charges of such work at department rates from the payments due to the contractor for the work done by him at such sections. Contractor shall arrange for necessary bailing out water for trenching and pipe laying works and the rate quoted by the tenderer shall be inclusive of all incidental charges such as shoring and any other protection to the sides of trenches. Protections to the telephone and electric post, convenient re- alignment of existing utilities within the proposed alignments, taking all site safety measures such as providing fencing, lighting and watching of the worksite, bailing out water etc. complete should be done by the contractor. No claim for any extra items will be entertained against any of the incidental changes that may arise out of contingencies associated with the completion of the work.

vii)The contractor shall take care to minimize the damages to road surface while trenching is done for pipes laying and construction of valve chambers, anchor blocks etc. Damages to structures like culverts, retaining walls, buildings etc. caused during pipe laying works shall be fully rectified by the contractor at his own cost to the satisfaction of the respective owners of the structures. Compensation if any for such damages shall be met by the contractor alone. Contractor shall use asphalt cutters to minimize damages to tar surfaces. Road crossing portions, the backfilling shall be watered and compacted in 20cm layers to avoid further settlement of refilled portion and shall be provided with concrete 1:2:4 for a thickness of 25 cm in level with the existing road surface.

2.2.8.2.Laying pipes & specials

The pipe shall be laid in accordance with approved lay out plan. However the Executive Engineer has the authority to change the alignment for better benefits to public and department during execution. In such cases the contractor shall lay pipelines as per direction of the Executive Engineer without any additional cost.

Pipes shall be laid in straight line in trenches so that the body directly rests on the soil bed. Handling of pipes to lay in trenches or in any support structure must be done carefully and proper equipments should be used for the purpose. Any deviation from straight line shall be done using standard bends. In case where standard bends are not available for any particular shape of bend, specials fabricated with MS sheets of thickness not less than 8 mm shall be used with the prior approval of the Engineer in charge. . All culverts along the alignment of the pipe line are to be crossed with GI pipes and the bridge crossing shall be with GI / M.S.pipe, as per the instructions of Engineer in charge and as per approved standards and specifications.

Pipes shall be laid in trenches as per the standard specifications described in respective IS codes for laying pipes. The contractor shall follow the specifications of the IS codes with latest amendments regarding laying of pipes.

2.2.8.3. Jointing

Jointing of the pipes shall be as per the IS specification and should be as per the direction of the departmental officers. Jointing of the DI K9 pipe shall be with Tyton rubber rings/lead joint. The rubber ring shall be of best quality and approved make and shall confirm to the relevant IS Code. The rubber ring shall not be prone to termite or any other such insect attack. Jointing of valves shall be in such a way that the removal is easy. Use of mechanical joints of reputed make will be appreciated. 2.2.8.4.Road Crossings and Bends.

All road crossing shall have to be planned in advance and carried out with the concurrence of the Engineer in charge. As far as possible 125 mm to 80 mm, 900 degree bends should be avoided in the road crossings and road bends etc. Contractors will not be permitted to take angular deviation at pipe joints more than 2/3rd of the maximum angle, provided as allowable in the relevant specification / product information.

All necessary sanctions for laying pipes along NH/ through fares and road crossings shall be obtained by the Department and the roads and other structures are to be made back to their original condition after laying of pipes except re-tarring of road surfaces .The road crossing of Panchayath roads should be filled red earth and consolidated in layers after watering and ramming, etc. Then the trench should be filled with cement concrete 1: 2: 4 for a minimum depth of 25cm so that the top surface is in level with existing road surface. The same shall be applicable to the edges of roads where severe damages occurred during trenching.

2.2.8..5. Crossing of bridges and culverts

Crossing of bridges and culverts shall be done by DI flanged pipes/GI pipes/M.S. pipes as the case may be and should be laid exposed. Where the pipe line crosses over the culvert an air valve shall be provided at the crust to avoid air block. Care shall be taken to avoid 900 bends. Culvert crossings may also have to be done at reaches where the above methods are not possible by carrying the pipe line outside the culvert body and supporting it on RCC pillars but without obstructing the vent way. Protection to the exposed pipes in the form of anchor blocks or casing pipes shall be provided.

The contractor shall consult with the local NH/PWD/local body authorities to finalize the alignment and method of pipe laying at culvert and bridge crossings. The discretion in this regard shall however-be finalized by the Engineer in charge. The contractor shall assess the actual number of culverts/bridge at site before supplying and laying pipes.

2.2.8.6.Fixing valves

Control valves, scour valves and air valves shall be fitted in pipe lines at appropriate locations as suggested by the Engineer in charge. All scour lines are to be laid with scour discharge line of required size flanged CI Class A/DI pipe with sufficient lead length not less than 2.00 m.

2.2.8.7.Valve Chambers

RCC valve chambers shall be constructed for all valves of size 80 mm & above, except for air valves provided on exposed pipes at culvert & bridge crossings. Valve chambers shall be provided with a foundation 20 cm thick (in CC 1:3:6 using 50% 40mm broken stone & 50% 20mm broken stone) and RCC cover slab, thickness be not less than 20 cm (in RCC 1:1.5:3 using 20mm broken stone) capable to take load of vehicular traffic designed for class AA loading. For valves of size up to 125mm, valve chambers of inside dimension 120 cm x 120 cm with wall thickness be not less than 20 cm (in RCC 1:2:4 using 20mm broken stone) shall be provided. For valves of size above 150 mm, the inside dimension shall be 150 cm x 150 cm and wall thickness shall be not less than 20 cm (in RCC 1:2:4 using 20mm broken stone). The height of the valve chamber shall be such that the top of cover slab is in level with the road surface. All the valve chambers shall be neatly plastered inside with CM 1:3 and there shall not be any seepage from bottom or sides. Valve chambers deeper than 1.20 m shall be provided with Cl foot rest on sides. The design of valve chambers shall be submitted to the Executive Engineer and got approved before commencing construction. Foundation to support the valves in CC 1:1.5:3 shall be provided. The contractor should assess the actual no of valve chambers required as per site inspection.

2.2.8.8 Anchor blocks & supports

Anchor blocks in CC 1:2:4 as per the standards and specification of KWA/CPHEEO shall be provided in pipe lines at bends, steep slopes and at places as directed by the Engineers in charge. Typical designs shall be got approved by the Engineer in charge before the actual construction. Clamps, wherever necessary, shall be provided with MS flats of minimum 4 mm thickness and 40 mm width and painted with epoxy paints. When pipe lines are to be laid outside of a culvert or bridge, as insisted by the PWD officials, proper support pillars in RCC 1:1.5:3 shall be provided. The design of such support pillars shall be got approved by the Executive Engineer before the construction.

2.2.8.9. Hydrostatic pressure testing of pipe lines at field.

After laying the pipe lines, hydrostatic pressure testing shall be done in reaches of not more than 200 m in length as per the relevant IS specifications to ensure that the pipes and joints are sound enough to withstand the maximum pressure likely to be developed under working conditions. Contractor shall not be allowed to proceed with the pipe laying work leaving more than 400m (i.e. 2 reaches) of pipelines untested. The joints of all pipes and specials shall be kept open until the testing is completed satisfactorily. The water required for testing the pipe lines, dummy pipes and test pumps etc. shall be arranged by the contractor with his cost. Hydrostatic pressure testing on pipe lines shall be conducted as per the norms of CPHEEO Manual on Water Supply and Treatment (1999). Failure of test due to any reason is to be rectified and retested without any extra cost. Contractor shall maintain a record of testing of pipeline which shall be got signed by an officer not below the rank of an Assistant Executive Engineer which shall be produced along with his request for release of security deposit and shall be presented to any inspecting officer above the rank of Assistant Executive Engineer. Positive results observed during pre delivery inspection and the acceptance of the inspection report / result by Kerala Water Authority/Agreement authority will not anyway relieve the contractor of his responsibility on the quality of materials supplied by him at the work site. If the materials supplied at site are found to be of inferior quality, the Executive Engineer in charge will have all the right to ask the tenderer to replace the materials supplied at his cost.

2.2.8.10. Fabrication and welding

Any fabrication work for bends and specials shall be with minimum 8 mm thick MS plates. The drawing pertaining to such works shall be got approved by the Engineer in charge before the actual fabrication. The schedule of such shop/site of fabrication shall be intimated to the Engineer in charge so as to enable him to inspect the fabrication and welding works. The contractor shall submit welding procedure to the Engineer along with the data regarding certification, experience and other relevant details of the welders and got approved by the Engineer, before the commencement of any welding work for steel structures or specials. The corrosion protection planned for the fabricated components shall also be reported to the Engineer in charge and got approved. The location of the welding shop would be within the area of work and shall be easily accessible for the inspecting officers.

2.2.8.11. Supply of specials

The tenderer may also supply pipe manufactured as per I.S.O. standard but in such case the guarantee period shall be 60 months. The DI pipe shall be shop lined, centrifugally with cement mortar inside and coated with metallic zinc with bituminous finishing layer outside, all confirming to IS standards. The M.S. Pipes shall be provided with epoxy coating. The work includes supplying and fixing all D.I and M.S specials required for the work including bends, tees, etc, confirming to relevant IS Codes. The specials shall also be lined with metallic zinc with bituminous finishing layer outside confirming to relevant IS Codes. The M.S. specials shall have epoxy coating. The cost of pipe shall be quoted inclusive of the cost of all specials and jointing materials such as labour charges, hemp, white lead etc. Necessary flanged bends according to the site conditions are to be provided. Care shall be taken to avoid bends 900 in the line. DI specials to suite the respective DI (K9) pipes such as bends, Tees, Mechanical joints, Tapers, Flanged sockets etc shall be supplied as per actual requirements at site after getting approval of Executive Engineer.

2.2.8. 12. Vendor List

Two copies of complete list of Vendors/Manufacturers from whom the valves, specials etc. can be procured with the product specification, Brochure/ Product identification number etc. shall be submitted by the contractor on completion of the work.Note: - The above points will give only general information of the work to be executed under this contract. The bidders shall meticulously inspect the proposed alignment, survey the required areas, water courses which the pipeline will have to cross, road crossing etc. and assess the items of materials to be supplied and works to be done, for satisfactory completion.

2.2.8.12. PREDELIVERY INSPECTION OF PIPES AND OTHER MATERIALS.

The contractor shall supply all the materials including pipes and specials covered under the contract at his own cost. The pipes, specials etc. should be tested at the factory by the third party inspection agencies authorized by Kerala Water Authority in presence of a technical officer of Kerala Water Authority deputed by the agreement authority, for witnessing the pre delivery testing by the third party inspectors. In the case an officer from Kerala water Authority deputed for witnessing the pre delivery inspection of materials at factory, the TA &DA of the officer will be paid by the Authority, if the test results are acceptable and positive. In case if the test results are negative, all such expenses of deputing the Kerala Water Authority officer of the pre delivery inspection shall have to be met by the contractor. Inspection certificate should be produced before the dispatch of materials from the factory and only after written communication/after the verification and acceptance of the inspection report, the materials shall be dispatched to the site. The third party inspection is mandatory for all pipes, specials, valves and all electro mechanical equipments supplied by the contractor. Also ISI marked materials shall alone be accepted, wherever ISI specifications is available for such items. Any dispute between the contractor and the supplier or the inspection agencies shall be a matter of settlement among them and the Kerala Water Authority shall not be a party to such dispute. The lump sum amount quoted shall be inclusive of the cost of all materials and charge of inspection as specified herein.

2.2.8.14.SAFETY AT SITE

Tenderers alone shall be responsible for any damage to men and materials and that may occur at site due to lapses in safety measures. Tenderers shall provide necessary caution boards and fencing as per the directions/specifications of KWA for trenches during the progress of work. Minimum 3 Nos. caution boards shall be placed in the approaching side and 2 Nos. at the leaving side at the required distance as per the relevant safety codes. They shall also provide sufficient shoring to the sides of trenches to prevent collapse of the sides of the trenches and consequent damages to the men and materials whenever the depth of trench exceeds 1.50m or while excavating near other civil structures. During night hours, contractors shall provide sufficient lighting and watching at the site. Failure to adhere to these clauses shall attract fine and penalties by way of deductions from the payments to contractors at an amount worked out at department rates.

2.3 EARTHWORK, EROSION CONTROL AND DRAINAGE

2.3.1 Scope

This Specification covers the general requirements of earthwork in excavation in different materials necessary for the construction of the Works including structures, and water supply lines in accordance with requirements of these Specifications and the lines, grades and cross-section shown in the Drawings or as indicated by the Engineer. This Specification also includes site grading, filling in areas as shown in Drawing, filling back around foundations, conveyance and disposal of surplus spoils or stacking them properly as shown on the Drawings or as directed by the Engineer and all operations covered within the intent and purpose of this Specification.

2.3.2 General:2.3.2.1 Contractor shall furnish all tools, plants, instruments, qualified supervisory personnel, labour, materials, any temporary work, consumable, any and everything necessary, whether or not such items are specifically stated herein for completion of the job in accordance with Specification requirements.

2.3.2.2 Contractor shall carry out the survey of the site before excavation and properly mark all lines and establish levels for various works such as earthwork in excavation for grading, basement, foundations, plinth filling, roads, drains, cable, trenches, pipelines etc. Such survey shall be carried out by taking accurate cross sections of the area perpendicular to established reference / grid lines at intervals as determined by Engineer based on ground profile. These shall be checked by Engineer and thereafter properly recorded.

2.3.2.3 The excavation shall be done to correct lines and levels. This shall also include, where required, proper shoring to maintain excavations and also the furnishing, erecting and maintaining of substantial barricades around excavated areas and warning lamps at night for ensuring safety.

2.3.2.4 The rates quoted shall also include the dumping of excavated materials in regular heaps, bunds, riprap with regular slopes as directed by Engineer, within the lead specified and leveling the same as to provide natural drainage. Rock / soil excavated shall be stacked properly as directed by Engineer. As a rule, all softer material shall be laid along the center of heaps, the harder and more weather resisting materials forming the casing on the sides and the top. Rock shall be stacked separately.

2.3.3 Clearing

The area to be excavated / filled shall be cleared as specified.2.3.4 Timber Shoring

2.3.4.1 Close timbering shall be done by completely covering the sides of the trenches and pits generally with short, upright members called 'Polling Boards'. These shall be of minimum 250 mm x 40 mm sections or as directed by Engineer. The boards shall generally be placed in position, vertically, side by side without any gap, on each side of the excavation and shall be secured by horizontal walling of strong wood at maximum 1.2 metres spacing, strutted with Ballies or as directed by Engineer. The length of the Ballie struts shall depend on the width of the trench or pit. If the soil is very soft and loose, the boards shall be placed horizontally against each side of the excavation and supported by vertical walling, which in turn shall be taken into the ground and no portion of the vertical side of the trench or pit shall remain exposed, so as to render the earth liable to slip out.

2.3.4.2 Timber shoring shall be 'close' or 'open' type, depending on the nature of soil and the depth of pit or trench. The type of timbering shall be as approved by Engineer in- Charge. It shall be the responsibility of Contractor to take all necessary steps to prevent the sides of excavation, trenches, pits, etc., from collapsing.

2.3.4.3 Timber shoring may be required to keep the sides of excavations vertical to ensure safety of adjoining structures or to limit the slope of excavations, or due to space restrictions or for other reasons. Such shoring shall be carried out, except in an emergency, only on instructions from Engineer.

2.3.4.4 The withdrawal of the timber shall be done very carefully, to prevent collapse, systematically from one end to the other end. Concrete or masonry shall not be damaged during the removal of the timber. No claim shall be entertained for any timber, which cannot be withdrawn and is lost or buried.

2.3.4.5 In case of open timbering, the entire surface of the side of trench or pit is not required to be covered. The vertical boards of minimum 250 mm x 40 mm sections shall be spaced sufficiently apart to leave unsupported strips of maximum 500 mm average width. The detailed arrangement, sizes of the timber and the spacing shall be subject to the approval of Engineer. In all other respects, Specification for close timbering shall apply to open timbering. 2.3.4.6 In case of large pits and open excavations, where shoring is required for securing safety of adjoining structures or for any other reasons and where the planking across sides of excavations /pits cannot be strutted against, suitable inclined struts supported on the excavated bed shall be provided. Load from such struts shall be suitably distributed on the bed to ensure no yielding of the strut. 2.3.4.7 Shoring is deemed to have been included in the rates quoted for the contract.

2.3.5 Dewatering

2.3.5.1 If water is met within the excavations due to springs, seepage, rain or other causes, it shall be removed by suitable diversions, pumping or bailing out and the excavation kept dry whenever so required or directed by the Engineer. Care shall be taken to discharge the drained water into suitable outlet as not to cause damage to the works, crops or any other property. Due to any negligence on the part of the Contractor, if any such damage is caused, it shall be the sole responsibility of the Contractor to repair / restore to the original condition at his own cost or compensate for the damage. Sumps made for dewatering must be kept clear of the excavations / trenches required for further work. Method of pumping shall be approved by Engineer; but in any case, the pumping arrangement shall be such that there shall be no movement of subsoil or blowing in due to differential head of water during pumping. Pumping arrangements shall be adequate to ensure no delays in construction.2.3.5.2 All excavations shall be kept free of water. Grading in the vicinity of excavations shall be controlled to prevent surface water running into excavated areas.

2.3.5.3 When there is a continuous inflow of water and quantum of water to be handled is considered in the opinion of Engineer, as large, Well Point System - single stage or multistage, shall be adopted. Contractor shall submit to Engineer his scheme of well point system including the stages, the spacing, number and diameter of well points, headers, etc. and the number, capacity and location of pumps for approval. 2.3.5.4 Unless separately provided for in the schedule of quantities, dewatering is deemed to have been included in the rates quoted for the contract.

2.3.6 Rock excavation

2.3.6.1 Rock, when encountered, shall be removed up to the formation / bed level or as otherwise indicated on the Drawings. Where, however, unstable shales or other unsuitable materials are encountered at the formation / bed level, these shall be excavated to the extent of 150 mm below the formation / bed level or as otherwise specified. In all cases; the excavation operations shall be so carried out that at no point on cut formation / bed the rock protrudes above the specified levels.

2.3.6.2 Rocks and large boulders which are likely to cause differential settlement and also local drainage problems should be removed to the extent of 150 mm below the formation / bed level in full formation / bed width including drains and cut through the side drains.

2.3.6.3 Where excavation is done to levels lower than those specified, the excess excavation shall be made good as specifications, to the satisfaction of the Engineer.

2.3.6.4 Slopes in rock cutting shall be finished to uniform lines corresponding to slope lines shown on the Drawings or as directed by the Engineer. Notwithstanding the foregoing, all loose pieces of rock on excavated slope surface which move when pierced by the crowbar shall be removed.

2.3.6.5 Where blasting is to be resorted to, the same shall be carried out as per specifications and all precautions indicated therein observed.

2.4 Construction Operation for Water Supply Lines

2.4.1Trial pits shall be taken along the lines of the trenches in advance of the excavations for the purpose of locating under ground obstructions or conditions.2.4.2 Setting out after the site has been cleared, the limits of excavation shall be set out true to lines, curves and slopes.2.4.3 Excavation2.4.3.1 Excavation for permanent work shall be taken out to such widths, lengths, depths and profiles as are shown on the Drawings or such other lines and grades as may be specified by Engineer. Rough excavation shall be carried out to a depth 150 mm above the final level. The balance shall be excavated with special care. Soft pockets shall be removed even below the final level and extra excavation filled up as directed by Engineer. 2.4.3.2 Contractor may, for facility of work or similar other reasons excavate, and also backfill later, if so approved by Engineer, at his own cost, outside the lines shown on the Drawings or directed by Engineer. Should any excavation be taken below the specified elevations. Contractor shall fill it up, with concrete of the same class as in the foundation resting thereon, up to the required elevation. No extra shall be claimed by Contractor on this account.

2.4.3.3 All excavations shall be done to the minimum dimension as required for safety and working facility. Prior approval of Engineer shall be obtained by Contractor in each individual case, for the method he proposes to adopt for the excavation, including setting out, dimensions, side slopes, dewatering, disposal, etc. This approval, however, shall not in any way relieve Contractor of his responsibility for any consequent loss or damage. The excavation must be carried out in the most expeditious and efficient manner. Side slopes shall be as steep as will stand and precaution shall be taken to prevent slips. Should slips occur, the slipped material shall be removed and the slope dressed to a modified stable slope. 2.4.3.4 Excavation shall be carried out with such tools, tackles and equipment as described hereinbefore. Blasting or other methods may be resorted to in the case of hard rock; however not without the specific permission of Engineer.

2.4.3.5 Stripping loose rock:All loose boulders, semi detached rocks (along with earthy stuff which might move therewith) not directly in the excavation but so close to the area to be excavated as to be liable, in the opinion of Engineer, to fall or otherwise endanger the workmen, equipment, or the work, etc., shall be stripped off and removed away from the area of the excavation. The method used shall be such as not to shatter or render unstable or unsafe the portion which was originally sound and safe. Any material not requiring removal as contemplated in the work, but which, in the opinion of Engineer, is likely to become loose or unstable later, shall also be promptly and satisfactorily removed as directed by Engineer.

2.4.4Filling

2.4.4.1 GeneralAll fill material will be subject to Engineer's approval. If any material is rejected by Engineer, Contractor shall remove the same forthwith from the site at no extra cost to the Owner. Surplus fill material shall be deposited / disposed off as directed by Engineer after the fill work is completed. No earth fill shall commence until surface water discharges and streams have been properly intercepted or otherwise dealt with as directed by Engineer.

2.4.4.2 Material:

1. To the extent available, selected surplus spoils from excavated materials shall be used as backfill. Fill material shall be free from clods, salts, sulphates, and organic or other foreign material. All clods of earth shall be broken or removed. Where excavated material is mostly rock, the boulders shall be broken into pieces not larger than 150 mm size, mixed with properly graded fine material consisting of moorum or earth to fill up the voids and the mixture used for filling.

2. If any selected fill material is required to be borrowed, Contractor shall make arrangements for bringing such material from outside borrow pits. The material and source shall be subject to prior approval of Engineer. The approved borrow pit area shall be cleared of all bushes, roots of trees, plants, rubbish etc. top soil containing salts / sulphate and other foreign material shall be removed. The materials so removed shall be burnt or disposed off as directed by Engineer. Contractor shall make necessary access roads to borrow areas and maintain the same, if such access road does not exist, at his cost.

2.4.4.3 Filling in pits and trenches around foundations of structures, walls etc.:1. As soon as the work in foundations has been accepted and measured, the spaces around the foundations, structures, pits, trenches etc. shall be cleared of all debris, and filled with earth in layers not exceeding 150 mm., each layer being watered, rammed and properly consolidated, before the succeeding one is laid. Each layer shall be consolidated to the satisfaction of Engineer. Earth shall be rammed with approved mechanical compaction machines. Usually no manual compaction shall be allowed unless Engineer is satisfied that in some cases manual compaction by tampers cannot be avoided. The final backfill surface shall be trimmed and leveled to proper profile as directed by Engineer or indicated on the Drawings.

2.4.4.4 Filling in trenches:1. Filling in trenches for pipes and drains shall be commenced as soon as the joints of pipe and drains have been tested and passed. The backfilling material shall be properly consolidated by watering and ramming, taking due care that no damage is caused to the pipes.

2. Where the trenches are excavated in soil, the filling from the bottom of the trench to the level of the centerline of the pipe shall be done by hand compaction with selected approved earth in layers not exceeding 80 mm; backfilling above the level of the centerline of the pipe shall be done with selected earth by hand compaction or other approved means in layers not exceeding 150 mm.

3. In case of excavation of trenches in rock, the filling up to a level 300 mm. above the top of the pipe shall be done with fine materials, such as earth, moorum etc. The filling up of the level of the centerline of the pipe shall be done by hand compaction in layers not exceeding 80 mm, whereas the filling above the centerline of the pipe shall be done by hand compaction or approved means in layers not exceeding 150 mm. The filling from a level 300 mm. above the top of the pipe to the top of the trench shall be done by hand or other approved mechanical methods with broken rock filling of size not exceeding 150 mm. mixed with fine material as available to fill up the voids.

4. Pumping sand slurry shall be done to ensure the filling up of the voids that may be present in the material used for refilling the pipe line trenches.

5. Filling of the trenches shall be carried out simultaneously on both sides of the pipe to avoid unequal pressure on the pipe.

2.4.5General site grading:

Site grading shall be carried out as indicated in the Drawings and as directed by Engineer. Excavation shall be carried out as specified in the Specification. Filling and compaction shall be carried out as specified. 2.4.6 Backfilling as per Specification on the sides of foundations of columns, footings, structures, walls, tanks, rafts, trenches, etc. with excavated material will not be paid for separately. 2.4.7No payment for fill inside trenches, plinth or similar filling with selected excavated material will be made for compaction as specified / directed. 2.4.8 Blasting Operations

2.4.8.1 General

1. Blasting shall be carried out in a manner that completes the excavation to the lines indicated in Drawings, with the least disturbance to adjacent material. It shall be done only with the written permission of the Engineer. All the statutory laws, regulations, rules, etc., pertaining to the acquisition, transport, storage, handling and use of explosives shall be strictly followed.

2. The Contractor may adopt any method or methods of blasting consistent with the safety and job requirements. Prior to starting any phase of the operation the Contractor shall provide information describing pertinent blasting procedures, dimensions and notes.

3. The magazine for the storage of explosive shall be built to the designs and Specifications of the Explosives Department concerned and located at the approved site. No unauthorized person shall be admitted into the magazine which when not in use shall be kept securely locked. No matches or inflammable material shall be allowed in the magazine. The magazine shall have an effective lighting conductor. The following shall be hung in the lobby of the magazine.

1. A copy of the relevant rules regarding safe storage both in English and in the language with which the workers concerned is familiar.

2. A statement of up-to-date stock in the magazine.

3. A certificate showing the last date of testing of the lighting conductor.

4. A notice that smoking is strictly prohibited.

4. All explosive shall be stored in a secure manner in compliance with all laws and ordinances, and all such storage places shall be clearly marked. Where no local laws or ordinances apply, storage shall be provided to the satisfaction of the Engineer and in general not closer than 300 m from the road or from any building or camping area or place of human occupancy. In addition to these, the Contractor shall also observe the following instructions and any further additional instructions which may be given by the Engineer and shall be responsible for damage to property and any accident which may occur to workmen or the public on account of any operations connected with the storage, handling or use of explosives and blasting. The Engineer shall frequently check the Contractors compliance with these precautions.

2.4.8.2 Materials, Tools and Equipment

All the materials, tools and equipment used for blasting operations shall be of approved type. The Engineer may specify the type of explosives to be allowed in special cases. The fuse to be used in wet locations shall be sufficiently water resistant as to be unaffected when immersed in water for 30 minutes. The rate of burning of the fuse shall be uniform and definitely known to permit such a length being cut as will permit sufficient time to the firer to reach safety before explosion takes place. Detonators shall be capable of giving effective blasting of the explosives. The blasting powder, explosives, detonators, fuses, etc., shall be fresh and not damaged due to dampness, moisture or any other cause. They shall be inspected before use and damaged articles shall be discarded totally and removed from the size immediately.

2.4.8.3 Personnel

The blasting operation shall remain in the charge of competent and experienced supervisor and workmen who are thoroughly acquainted with the details of handling explosives and blasting operations.

2.4.8.4 Blasting Operations

1. The blasting shall be carried out during fixed hours of the day preferably during the mid-day luncheon hour or at the close of the work as ordered in writing by the Engineer. The hours shall be made known to the people in the vicinity. All the charges shall be prepared by the man in charge only.

2. The Contractor shall notify each public utility company having structures in proximity to the site of the work of his intention to use explosives. Such notice shall be given sufficiently in advance to enable the companies to take such steps as they may deem necessary to protect their property from injury. In advance of any blasting work within 50 m of any railway track or structures, the Contractor shall notify the concerned Railway Authority of the location, date, time and approximate duration of such blasting operations. 3. Red danger flags shall be displayed prominently in all directions during the blasting operations. The flags shall be planted 200 m from the blasting site in all directions. People, except those who actually light the fuse, shall be prohibited from entering this area, and all persons including workmen shall be excluded from the flagged area at least 10 minutes before the firing, a warning siren being sounded for the purpose.

4. The charge holes shall be drilled to required depths and at suitable places. Blasting should be as light as possible consistent with thorough breakage of material necessary for economic loading and hauling. Any method of blasting which leads to overshooting shall be discontinued.

5. When blasting is done with powder, the fuse cut to the required length shall be inserted into the hole and the powder dropped in. The powder shall be gently tamped with copper rods with rounded ends. The explosive powder shall then be covered with tamping material which shall be tamped lightly but firmly.

6. When blasting is done with dynamite and other high explosive, dynamite cartridges shall be prepared by inserting the square cut end of a fuse into the detonator and finishing it with nippers at the open end, the detonator gently pushed into the primer leaving 1/3rd of copper tube exposed outside. The paper of the cartridge shall then the closed up and securely bound with wire or twine. The primer shall be housed into the explosive. Boreholes shall be of such size that the cartridge can easily go down. The holes shall be cleared of all debris and explosive inserted. The space of about 200 mm above the charge shall then be gently filled with dry clay, pressed home and the rest of the tamping formed of any convenient material gently packed with a wooden rammer.

7. At a time, not more than 10 such charges will be prepared and fired. The man in charge shall blow a siren in a recognized manner for cautioning the people. All the people shall then be required to move to safe distances. The charges shall be lighted by the man-in-charge only. The man-in charge shall count the number of explosions. He shall satisfy himself that all the charges have been exploded before allowing the workmen to go back to the work site.

8. After blasting operations, the Contractor shall compact the loose residual material below sub grade and replace the material removed below sub grade with suitable material.

2.4.8.5 Misfire1. In case of misfire, the following procedure shall be observed:

a. Sufficient time shall be allowed to account for the delayed blast. The man-in-charge shall inspect all the charges and determine the missed charge.

b. If it is the blasting powder charge, it shall be completely flooded with water. A new hole shall be drilled at about 450 mm from the old hole and fired. This should blast the old charge. Should it not blast the old charge, the procedure shall be repeated till the old charge is blasted.

c . In case of charges of gelignite, dynamite, etc., the man-in-charge shall gently remove the tamping and the primer with the detonator. A fresh detonator and primer shall then be used to blast the charge. Alternatively, the hole may be cleared of 300 mm of tamping and the direction then ascertained by placing a stick in the hole. Another hole may then be drilled 150 mm away and parallel to it. This hole shall then be charged and fired when the misfired hole should explode at the same time. The man-in-charge shall at once report to the Contractors office and the Engineer all cases of misfire, the cause of the same and what steps were taken in connection therewith.

2. If a misfire has been found to be due to defective detonator or dynamite, the whole quantity in the box from which defective article was taken must be sent to the authority directed by the Engineer for inspection to ascertain whether all the remaining materials in the box are also defective.

2.4.8.6 Account

A careful and day to day account of the explosive shall be maintained by the Contractor in an approved register and manner which shall be open to inspection by the Engineer at all times.

2.5MATERIALS FOR STRUCTURES

2.5.1 SCOPE

2.5.1.1 Materials to be used in the work shall conform to the Specifications mentioned on the Drawings, the requirements laid down in this section and Specifications for relevant items of work covered under these Specifications.

2.5.1.2 If any material, not covered in these specifications, is required to be used in the work, it shall conform to relevant Indian Standards, if there are any, or to the requirements specified by the Engineer.

2.5.2 CEMENT

2.5.2.1 Cement to be used in the works shall be any of the following types with the prior approval of the Engineer:

1. Ordinary Portland cement, 33 Grade, conforming to IS: 269-1989 or latest revision.

2. Rapid Hardening Portland Cement, conforming to IS: 8041-1990 or latest revision.

.

3. Ordinary Portland cement, 43 Grade, conforming to IS: 8112-1989 or latest revision.

.

4. Ordinary Portland cement, 53 Grade, conforming to IS: 12269-1987 or latest revision.

.

5. Sulphate Resistant Portland cement, conforming to IS: 12330-1988 or latest revision.

.

2.5.2.2 Cement conforming to IS: 269-1989 or latest revision shall be used only after ensuring that the minimum required design strength could be achieved without exceeding the maximum permissible cement content of 450kg/cum. of concrete.

2.5.2.3 Cement conforming to IS: 8112-1989 and IS: 12269-1987 or latest revision may be used provided the minimum cement content mentioned elsewhere from durability considerations is not reduced. From strength considerations, these cements shall be used with a certain caution as high early strengths of cement in the 1 to 28-day range can be achieved by finer grinding and higher constituent ratio of C3S/C2S, where C3S is Tricalcium Silicate and C2S is Dicalcium Silicate. In such cements, the further growth of strength beyond say 4 weeks may be much lower than that traditionally expected. Therefore, further strength tests shall be carried out for 56 and 90 days to fine-tune the mix design from strength considerations.

2.5.2.4 Cement conforming to IS: 12330-1988 or latest revision shall be used when sodium sulphate and magnesium sulphate are present in large enough concentration to be aggressive to concrete. The recommended threshold values as per IS: 456-2000 are sulphate concentration in excess of 0.2 percent in soil substrata or 300 ppm (0.03 percent) in ground water. Tests to confirm actual values of sulphate concentration are essential when the structure is located near the sea coast, chemical factories, and agricultural land using chemical fertilizers and sites where there are effluent discharges or where soluble sulphate bearing ground water level is high. Cement conforming to IS: 12330-1988 or latest revision shall be carefully selected from strength considerations to ensure that the minimum required design strength could be achieved without exceeding the maximum permissible cement content of 450kg/cum. of concrete.

2.5.2.5 Cement conforming to IS: 8041-1990 or latest revision shall be used only for precast concrete products after specific approval of the Engineer.

2.5.2.6 Total chloride content in cement shall in no case exceed 0.05 percent by mass of cement; also, total sulphur content calculated as sulphuric anhydride (SO3) shall in no case exceed 2.5 percent and 3.0 percent when tri-calcium aluminate percent by mass is up to 5 or greater than 5 respectively.

2.5.3 COARSE AGGREGATES

2.5.3.1 For plain and reinforced cement concrete (PCC and RCC) or prestressed concrete (PSC) works, coarse aggregate shall consist of clean, hard, strong, dense, non-porous and durable pieces of crushed stone, crushed gravel, natural gravel or a suitable combination thereof or other approved inert material. They shall not consist pieces of disintegrated stones, soft, flaky, elongated particles, salt, alkali, vegetable matter or other deleterious materials in such quantities as to reduce the strength and durability of the concrete, or to attack the steel reinforcement. Coarse aggregate having positive alkali silica reaction shall not be used. All coarse aggregates shall conform to IS: 383-1970 and tests for conformity shall be carried out as per IS: 2386-1963 Parts I to VIII or latest revision.2.5.3.2 The Contractor shall submit for the approval of the Engineer, the entire information indicated in Appendix A of IS: 383-1970 or latest revision.2.5.3.3 The maximum value for flakiness index for coarse aggregate shall not exceed 35 percent.

2.5.4 SAND/FINE AGGREGATES

2.5.4.1 For masonry work, sand shall conform to the requirements of IS: 2116-1980 or latest revision.2.5.4.2 For plain and reinforced cement concrete (PCC and RCC) or prestressed concrete (PSC) works, fine aggregate shall consist of clean, hard, strong and durable pieces of crushed stone, crushed gravel, or a suitable combination of natural sand, crushed stone or gravel. They shall not contain dust, lumps, soft or flaky, materials, mica or other deleterious materials in such quantities as to reduce the strength and durability of the concrete, or to attack the embedded steel. Motorised sand washing machines should be used to remove impurities from sand. Fine aggregate having positive alkali-silica reaction shall not be used. All fine aggregate shall conform to IS: 383-1970 and test for conformity shall be carried out as per IS: 2386-1963 (Part I to VIII) or its latest revision.The Contractor shall submit to the Engineer the entire information indicated in Appendix A of IS: 383-1970 or latest revision.. The fineness modules of fine aggregate shall neither be less than 2.0 nor greater than 3.5.2.5.5 WATER

Water used for mixing and curing shall be clean and free from injurious amounts of oils, acids, alkalis, salts, sugar, organic materials or other substances that may be deleterious to concrete or steel. Potable water is generally considered satisfactory for mixing concrete. Mixing and curing with sea water shall not be permitted. The pH value shall not be less than 6.

2.6 TESTS AND STANDARD OF ACCEPTANCE

2.6.1 All materials, even though stored in an approved manner shall be subjected to an acceptance test prior to their immediate use. Independent testing or cement for every consignment shall be done by the Contractor at site in the laboratory approved by the Engineer before use. Any cement with lower quality than those shown in manufacturers certificate shall be debarred from use. In case of imported cement, the same series of tests shall be carried out before acceptance.

2.6.2 Testing and Approval of Material

2.6.2.1 The Contractor shall furnish test certificates from the manufacturer/supplier of materials with each batch of material(s) delivered to site.

2.6.2.2 The Contractor shall set up a field laboratory with necessary equipment for testing of all materials, finished products used in the construction as per requirements of conditions of contract and the relevant Specifications. The testing of all the materials shall be carried out by the Engineer or his representative for which the Contractor shall make all the necessary arrangements and bear the entire cost.

2.6.2.3 Tests which cannot be carried out in the field laboratory have to be got done at the Contractors cost at any recognised laboratory/testing establishments approved by the Engineer.2.6.3 Sampling of Materials

2.6.3.1 Samples provided to the Engineer or his representative for their retention is to be in labeled boxes suitable for storage.

2.6.3.2 Samples required for approval and testing must be supplied well in advance by at least 48 hours or minimum period required for carrying out relevant tests to allow for testing and approval. Delay to works arising from the late submission of samples will not be acceptable as a reason for delay in the completion of the works.

2.6.3.3 If materials are brought from abroad, the cost of sampling/testing whether in India or abroad shall be borne by the Contractor.2.6.4Rejection of Materials not conforming to the Specifications

Any stack or batch of material(s) of which sample(s) does not conform to the prescribed tests and quality shall be rejected by the Engineer or his representative and such materials shall be removed from site by the Contractor at his own cost. Such rejected materials shall not be made acceptable by any modifications.

2.6.5 Testing and Approval of Plant and Equipment

All Plants and equipment used for preparing, testing and production of materials for incorporation into the permanent works shall be in accordance with manufacturers Specifications and shall be got approved by the Engineer before use.

2.7 PVC PIPES

2.7.1 Scope

This specification covers the requirements for manufacturing, supplying, laying, jointing and testing of PVC pipes used for water supply and sewerage.

2.7.2 Applicable codes The laying of PVC pipes and fittings/specials shall comply with all currently applicable statutes, regulations, standard and Codes. In particular the following standards, unless otherwise specified herein shall be referred. In all cases, the latest revision of the standards/Codes shall be referred to. If requirements of this Specification conflicts with the requirements of the standards/Codes, this Specification shall govern.

IS: 4985-2000(or its latest revision) :Code of practice for unplasticized PVC pipes for potable water supply.

IS: 7834-1987 : Specifications for Moulded PVC fittings or its latest

revision.IS: 10124-1988 : Specifications for Fabricated PVC fittings or latest

revision.

IS: 12235-1986 : Testing and Quality control for PVC pipes or latest

revision.Other IS Codes not specifically mentioned here but pertaining to the use of PVC pipes form part of these Specifications.

2.7.3 Manufacture

The PVC pipes and fittings shall be of approved brand conforming to IS: 4985-2000, IS: 7834- 1987 and IS: 101