; r ln l - nppinn if 'bxi - n'uia'tv n imo ;m'a ni7rxa-v'tf '31 ni>'wn-=l?

.nb?ion;r 133 59 NniltX;r f3gf' fv i ' 3 ~ on5'nn an-nivn 73fa p i n 13-5v .tiKn

.'ftv;l n'3a 'n'3 n'ndnana n9n3na I n tnK 4w ani fp n3in3 xiaK i ~ m f

b55ip'w t i n n ,bn 1137 n o ~ ~ 4 Y'nDn ' I ~ W ~ K IN3 w3 373 ,1933 ar 'i;r'r b~ t3XK

ntbl'x3 .nnifv3u 13" ~ 5 1 f ln i fw '3~ 13 l?nN : (nw ,ni3in3) nlabin3 ,n"n35a

,19335 1 ' 8 ~

n'vif'nf* nw3 7nKn 7ftv7'p .a 7"fa na7D 5x7v'-y7~ 5w 'w'va 7733

.l "n'73v;r a ? ~ u ~ n b ~ n l ? 3

b3wtna b37pnn3 553 f t ~ P K V ,?nKn;r 5w i33n nK nnf?;r ~ P R ir nm i3 n3nK

r~ i f f ' rn '~ ft3Kn ' I ' ~ P X ' T ~ 1'17'1 t l f i i 5w ~ 7 ~ 6 3 3'1 K ~ K ,n7tia'a ; r p ~ u ~ n b ~ n i 3 ~

nl ' lvwa;~ .2 1958 n3w3 p?i'-13x1 Y331aw ,N;1p5n~a 5 ~ 7 ~ 3 3 t l~fnbai niv3un;r

131 b~~f invna-nb ipnf h"fia';r n'fpwa f w hbin" t11"8 - at '136 fw ni5'1p5v;r

n32pn3 n'lnrt "19-43t K ~ K ,i'f'-fv 1ft2uia ~5 N3313'73 niv3unn p5nw ,;r73t~;r

inw 7~ ,3 un'ai nJ"a n l ~ n 3 n i f n p n t';r la .ni~wi3-nilws 13-.mi' annp ni3nnoa t i n ,ni3isnn;r b '~v ; r b9v'nn3 ap~u~nb '~ ' l a ; l '7pin 53 uvn3 ~ r - f ~

.4 t3'Vfn;l tl'~E3Kbb'nlSl'l b"XlflX'37N~ ,b"llt3D';1;1 P"1f'~Xfi 53

nRK3 9x3 Mfl? 73W15P 7"fZ f W 17DKD $9 39135 7713 P'Kll 13'V K 5

--b'p~nv b"ti;r' nlv3unl n'fnba nivnvni bru in8 nv'3pn 7 ~ 0 3 i'nl'lvan

a73n;iu st9-5ft 1958-1 bo ' l ' l~v ,"n'fi;r'a ap'uKnb'nl3;r 59 nvpnn a w ~ w Y ' x ;~ 5n3;1 7 ~ b ; l v ,73v79p l"73 p r n 115 'nva ;r~v;r> ,5 " 5 K l W ' f n ~ u ~ n w n i 3 a

tiavna 13 ~ ~ a f i n ' 1 ~ w ~ ~ 3 332 K? 13-fvi ,i?nKn f w ;133n3;l 'ln1 bit p7 1735

,121-115 'nY ,1960 - M"3Vn t l " l~ l7 ' ,'I , ? K ~ w ~ ' ~ ~ U .1 W. Virgin & S. Mandel, The History of Coins and Symbols in .2

Ancient Israel, New York 1958 Bayer, 1781; Eckhel, 1794; Cavedoni, 1850; De Saulcy, 1854; : Jwnf .3

Levy, 1862; Merzbacher, 1873; Graetz, 1887; Reinach, 1903 Schuerer, 1901; Hill, 1914; Albright, 1931; Narkiss, 1933; : fvn? .4 Reifenberg, 1936; Romanoff, 1942; Pick, 1944; Kadman, 1946; Milden-

berg, 1948; Kanael, 1950; Babelon, 1957; etc. The Dating and Meaning of Ancient Jewish Coins and Symbols, .5 Six Essays in Jewish Nunlismatics (Numismatic Studies and Researches

published by the Israel Numismatic Society, 11, Jerusalem 1958)

,;i?3nv1 ni33wn;r nx lpwnn ,'f3x?"l-3ulx' y u n ,131131 f 12 blnVlD-ln3 i ~ 3 ~ 5 w -b?ni3;1 1pnn;r now> niw-rna l'~nl93;l51 f31131 Sw i3nllpt~n5 n"l3nn;r n30nv3nw

335bK ;IYl9XU 373'53 K? DbllD 7Db;I (1) : 13yfif 133;1 '735 1 W g l .G ""l>yn 'URn

nqpnnfT ;l'l'ltn 3lw 7133 , N 5 ~ ~ w 3 f n~uxnb3ni3;l ;Ilan;lJJ "13-49 x58 ,flmY3un ; I ~ W ; ~ ~ w Y - Y ~ w T w n l 1pnn;r-ni-rllu nlKrln nx n3bn 1 ~ d ; l (2) ; nn33uxnb3n13

- ' l 5 f ~ p .x : n3-ri;r';l ;Ip~uxnb3nil;l 5w 8% b'ninnl n3llnn;r nul 'lu 5w 1ni31

53 - f w m .v ?lJf;r ; ~2313-13 nnn5nt n3xiinwn;r-n3l 5w ;rp7bxnb3nll;r 99

Ins 50 ;I~DK?I~PN;II n3fi;r3;r-nnnYn niulun 53 - f n f ? .5 : b i f ? i ; r - n ~ ~ n i u m n n"lnb;l niunwn 59 --~pblin35p .1 .x lJ't;rl ; bspnu;l n"v;l~;r niY3un;l

.n¶p'nu;r

l ~ b l w n3lpnnS 7nuf nnf it32 ~ P ' D 333 xfw ,?3v'l?p l N f a fw i n u t i ~

;rSYn5 iP5n fv3;r ilnKn s i a - 1 ~ 5 t u i yllp;l n9u;r TRn 3i;rw ,;rlrin 135 n3-873

,5-r3xn--f~x'l3i 5w ?ad8 f u ;rlixn;l -13w13p lvt;r v u n ;rn5u3 x5 sx'lii ,n¶snfwn

n 3 3 ~ ~ n ~ 3 ~ i 3 ; r n331KUl> .33w txn ,n3uRnb3nl3;l ;rlln;r 5 v ' 1 3 ~ 3 591 ,fnx f x n : '733 ninxif a n 3 p ' ~ 183 xsx ,b33iw;l nw3fn;r

"The present volume (The Ddting dszd Medning of Ancient Jezuish Coins

and Symbols) is devoted to a survey of the present state of knowledge

in all the main departments of Jewish numismatics. Each of the essays

devotes some space to a discussion of misinterpretations and mis-

attributions put out in the recent book by Wirgin and Mandel- and the

latter is pretty effectively demolished. The Israel's Society monograph can

persumably hardly have been planned simply as a counterblast to Wirgin,

but it does very efficiently perform that function, and will be a particul-

arly useful piece of literature on that account, the refutation of error

being often the most effective way of demonstrating the truth. The

monograph as a whole is a very clear, reliable and up-to-date guide to

the ancient Jewish coinage to which many a reader will turn with relief

after trying to make sense of the perverse theorising of Wirgin and

Mandel." 7

.3 5315lp-u3N313YS l n l 3 Coin dnd Medal Bnlletin 5w 1958 ?3nxf 1175x1

: nzp3nu;r niYlun;c 5w 9if3 ?pin , (Kozolubski) 3pbli5irip

.I ;1'1u;r ,115 In9 ,i ,fxlw3-ylx .6 The N~mis?~zdtic Circular, London, October 1958 ,7

"The six essays contained in this volume summarize the achievements

and the present state of knowledge of Jewish numismatics . . . The book

is recommended not only to students of Jewish numismatics, but also to

every reader of the book by W. Wirgin and S. Mandel to regain

balance and the right perspective." 8

31-19 ~uxndSni3 131n xl;r qx ,(Spijkerman) ln1353b .Et l n l 3 1958 l lnx'13

:Christian N e w s from Israel-1 ,byllwn n7nidm ?ft>l

"Although no explicit mention is made in the preface, this book (The Dating and Meaning of Ancient Jewish Coins and Symbols) is an

opportune refutation of the rather injudicious, not to say unwise, opinions

advanced recently in an American publication on Jewish coinage: 'The

History of Coins and Symbols in Ancient Israel' by W. Wirgin and S.

Mandel. Without solid scientific approach and with utter disregard of

former authorities, Wolf Wirgin sees fit to overthrow nearly every

established conclusion and dating of the different issues of Jewish coins."9

T-IVIW ,xn l -~ l 5n1~?15>;1 ~uxnd~ni3;r d??,npi nx?p?w ,qsbl;r? s ix~; r In n9n3bn 11v 99373 '136 'nlx?f' l ; l ~uxnbsn'lf;l 11X?X;l ~ ' ~ ' 1 ; l ,1960 ' l ~ n u ~ d : !

Twnl n;ra 1pnn;r ~,ws;r nx ; rpuxnd~n' l~; l 5w b919W n9nlnnl ~nb-933 b ~ n ' l n

n l 3 l ; r - n ~ ?23n ,(Le Rider) s-IT;~? ,x In13 ;Ira ' I Q D ~ .nilt'lnu;r ns3w;r 9aw

1wn;r n1tn;r ?W ; rp~0~ndvni3l 91-13 ;Innin? D~?UDI 9n35nn;i 2uxnd9ni3;r

: n~x3;r t3513'1;i nx ,p'nft;r

"Le volume ( T h e Dating and Meaning of Ancient Jewish Coins and

Symbols) est un tres bon expose par les specialistes les plus autorisk

de 1'Ctat present de la numismatique juive. Cette claire et precise mise

au point etait necessaire au moment ou il faillait ecarter definitivement

certaines theories propres i jeter la confusion dans la numismatique

juive. Les auteurs se sont attaches et ont reussi ii riduire ii neant les

dangereuses affirmations de Wolf Wirgin et S. Mandel en 'The History

of Coins and Symbols in Ancient Israel'. Un resume de cet ouvrage.. . permet d'appricier combien les theories qui y sont soutenues sont

f allacieuses et inconsidCrCes." 10

Coin and Medal Bzlletin, London, December 1958 .8 C k r i ~ t i a n Nezus from Israel, Jerusalem, December 1958 .9

G. Le Rider, Les Ateliers nzone'taires de la Cbte syrienne, phe'nicienne, .lo

C 210 I

? " n ' l l Y ; l ; l ? ' b N n b ' n 1 3 3 P 3 V l t ' f l "

:?~v-I '? lnf ; r 5v niDbif nll9;r vnw 59 13nRsfD nkz 1 3 ~ n'u'an 71b5

";lt 13ba ; lS i f~ niPfPnn a531 09313 .n ni3n;lJ'v , l ' l n~n nn3nba p x n xi3 (N)

,1~02 n133~3ftn;l ni4x4 o y m a33 5133 3x33 : 35xvn n5Nvli , ( f tmni px-131 5w)

131nKba lnblbll3V 11'X131 llllYV;1? lVN31 ? lnl3bD '1nR ;llW Dun3 Y'DlZV

'79 n34'4v 397 n i f l v nt'l3nft;la ;lil$n n i ~ n ; l v ,135 uit3 v n ,63373 5v i'3na

; r > m f ;r>t (4t3xni t'a'l3t 5v ) - IDD;I~V ,vai3 SXD' I~? '1~73 (a) .ni'13tv;r ~ n l x

~'~'1241K '3113:iW I735 lVp2 1 3 3 x 4 135 ;IV113 . ~ u ~ ~ l ~ S l K 'D11D;I 33n n3313i-1

i3'lgnn 532 D ~ ' S ~ ~ I K up13 ; IT nnivf .;lt lab 59 nsai'n ;rmntn nf lvn n o l a ~5 niYam;r 131 n~3tl;r';ln353~;1 fv nnlbn3'n;r 17x3 - n'nn9;r np~uNnb~ni3;r n i n m

- 3'!;lbb5 XI---66 5v n'?i;1%-nnnSn nDipn5 nl'l'x n5Nx5 Y I ~ N n3vv nainsn nv , 5 f ~ ~ n l t3xlS1 5v n ~ ~ n i ' l v v ~ 5 n343na n f ~ i 3 n ; r 7 n ~

palestinienne, e'gyptienne et cyre'ne'enne, Commission Internationale de Nu- mismatique, Congress0 Internationale di Numismatics, I, Relazioni,

Roma 1961, p. 89

I211 I