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aflnsfx¿nfO{ ljBfno k7fpg n}lËse]befjh:tf ;fdflhs–;f+:s[ltscjwf/0ffn] cj/f]w l;h{gf ug{;S5g\ .5f]/LnfO{ s]6fx¿;“u} /fv]/ k'¿iflzIfsaf6 k9fpg cleefjsx¿lxlRsrfp“5g\ . cfof]hgfn] kfls:tfgdfof] ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ u|fdL0f IF]qdfaflnsfx¿sf nflu ;fd'bflos gd"gfljBfno :yfkgf ug{ ;xof]u ul//x]sf]5 . k|To]s ljBfnodf kf“rj6f sIffsf]7f 5g\, h;dWo] k|To]s k|fyldsljBfno txsf nflu Pp6f sIff sf]7f5 . k|To]s ljBfnodf cfof]hgfcGtu{ttflnd lnPsf kf “rhgf dlxnflzlIfsfx¿ klg 5g\ . tLlzlIfsfnfO{ ljBfnoglhs}a;f]af;sf] Joj:yf ul/Psf]5 . clxn ]s } sltkoljBfnonfO{ ;fd'bflos gd"gfljBfnodf kl/0ft ul/Psf] 5 eg]s]xL gof“ vf]lnPsf 5g\ . P8LaLsf];xfotfk|fKt klxnf] cfof]hgfcGtu{t*)) ;fd'bflos ljBfno vf]lnPsflyP . bf];|F] cfof]hgfn] o;nfO{ lj:tf/u/]/ b]ze/sf !))) o'lgog sfplG;nIF]qdf vf]Ng] p2]Zo lnof] . ljBfnolgdf{0f ug'{ eg]sf] cfwf sfddfq xf] .tkfO{ aflnsfx¿nfO{ s;/L ljBfnoNofP/ k9fpg'x'G5 < kfls:tfgdfPp6f ejgnfO{ ljBfnodf kl/0ftug{ s]÷s] s'/f cfjZos k5{g\ <o;;DaGwdf lgDg ljifox¿nfO{;Daf]wg ug'{k5{ M tkfO{ cleefjsnfO{cfkm\gf 5f]/L ljBfno k7fpg s;/Lk|]l/t ug'{x'G5 < dlxnf lzlIfsf s;/Llgo'Qm ug'{x'G5 < ljBfyL{ / lzIfsljBfnodf uon x'g] qmdnfO{ s;/L

lg?T;flxt kfg'{x'G5 < ljBfno /fd|/L;~rfng xf]pg\ eg]/ ef}lts k"jf{wf/sfcltl/Qm lzIfs / ljBfyL{ b'j} lgoldt?kdf ljBfno cfP/ pRr :t/sf]lzIff lbg'k5{ . cfof]hgfdf oL ;a}sfo{ ;'lglZrt ug{ ;xeflutfd"nsk2lt ckgfOPsf] 5 . ;fd'bflosgd"gf ljBfnosf] Joj:yfkgdf;d'bfosf] k"0f{ ;xeflutf ;'lglZrtug{ dlxnf / k'¿ifsf nflu u}/–;/sf/L;+:yfx¿sf] ;xof]udf 5'§} ;ldltx¿u7g ul/Psf 5g\ . o:tf ;ldltn]5f]/Lx¿ lgoldt ?kdf ljBfnok7fpg ;d'bfosf] xf};nf a9fpg],

dlxnf lzlIfsfnfO{ ;'/Ifflbg] / lzIfssf] kbk"lt{sfnflu :yfgLo pDd]bjf/5gf}6 ug]{ e"ldsf lgjf{xul//x]sf 5g\ . o;afx]s

cfof]hgfcGtu{tsf] Ifdtf clej[l4;xfotfdf sd{rf/L egf{ sfo{qmdx¿k5{g\ . o;n] u|fdL0f ljBfnodf lzIfspknAw 5g\ egL ;'lglZrt ug'{sf;fy} pgLx¿ ljBfnodf uon /;¿jf x 'g ] qmd 36fpg ]5 .cfof]hgfcGtu{t aflnsfx¿ klxnf]rf]l6lgoldt ?kdf ljBfno uPsf] kl/jf/n]b]lv/x]sf] 5 . s]xL ;dokl5 5f]/LlzlIft x'g'sf] kmfObf cleefjsn]a'em\5g\ egL cfzf ul/Psf] 5 .To;kl5 5f]/Ln] cfkm" / cfkm\gf]kl/jf/sf] enfO{ / cfly{s ;d[l4dfk'¥ofpg] of]ubfgsf] ;/fxgf x'g yfN5 .kl/jf/ / ;/sf/n] aflnsfx¿nfO{lzIff lbg'sf] dxTj a'em]kl5 o;dfafwf k'¥ofpg] k/Dk/fut cj/f]wx¿x6\g ;S5g\ .

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lzIfssf] u'0f:t/df ;'wf/ / dlxnf lzlIfsfsf] ;+Vof a9fpg]dlxnf lzlIfsfx¿sf nflu cf/If0fsf] Joj:yf ug]{ . t'ngfTds ?kdf yf]/} dlxnfx¿n] dfq rflxg]lzIf0f dfkb08 k"/f ug{;Sg] x'“bf vf;u/L ufd|L0f If]qdf :yfgLo pDd]bjf/x¿nfO{ g} egf{ ug'{h¿/L 5 . ;d'bfo glhs} tflnd ;~rfng ugf{n] dlxnfx¿ cfslif{t x'G5g\ . cGoyf, :jtGqcfjfudgdf afwf k'¥ofpg] ;fdflhs cj/f]w, a;f]af;sf] cefj jf kfl/jfl/s lhDd]jf/Lsf sf/0flzIf0f k]zflt/ Wofg gb]nfg\ . lzIfs tflnd kf7\oqmddf n}lËs ;r]ttfnfO{ klg ;dfj]z ug'{k5{ .

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;fGble{s kf7\oqmdsf] ljsf;

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5f]/Lx¿nfO{ lzIff lbg]af/] w]/} ;d'bfosf] ljrf/df kl/jt{g Nofpg' cfjZos 5 .cleefjsx¿nfO{ 5f]/L / 5f]/f b'j}nfO{ ljBfno k7fpg k|]l/t ug{ ;d'bfosfk|efjzfnL ;b:o / wfld{s g]tfx¿sf] ;xof]u lng ;lsG5 . of]hgf, Joj:yfkg,lg0f{o lng] sfo{ / s]6Lx¿sf] lzIffnfO{ a9fjf lbg] k|of;x¿df cleefjs tyf;d'bfosf] ;+nUgtfn] ;sf/fTds k|efj kf5{ .

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lzIfsx¿ul/dfdo cfbz{JolQm x'g\ . dlxnflzlIfsfx¿ kof{Ktdfqfdf 5g\ <

n}l·s ?kdf ljBfyL{x¿sf] cfjZostf k"/f ug]{ k|0ffnLtof/ kfg]{

s]6L / s]6fx¿sf] z}lIfs ultljlw tyf pknlAwdf cj/f]w l;h{gf ug]{ ljz]if;f+:s[lts tyf cGo ljifox¿df cWoog ul/g'k5{, h;n] ubf{ cy{k"0f{ sfo{qmdx¿tof/ kfg{ ;lsG5 .nlrnf] lsl;dsf] ljBfno kl/kf6L, h:t} M cfwf lbgsf] k|fyldsljBfno, cf+lzs -kf6{–6fOd_ k|fylds ljBfno tyf ul/aLu|:t IF]qdf k|fyldsljBfnon] 3/fo;L sfd ug'{kg]{ s]6L / ahf/ hfg'kg]{ s]6fx¿nfO{ klg lzIffsf]cj;/ k|bfg u5{ .

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cf}krfl/s lzIffn] dfq ;Dk"0f{ cfwf/e"t lzIffsf] p2]Zo k"/f ug{ ;Sb}g . s]6L /s]6f tyf dlxnf / k'¿ifnfO{ ljleGg dfWodaf6 lzIff k|bfg ug'{k5{ / cgf}krfl/slzIffsf ljsNkx¿ klg w]/}h;f] pkof]uL x'G5g\ .

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cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog k|lqmof

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sfof{Gjog lgsfo (EA)sfof{Gjog lgsfosf] sfof{Gjog lgsfosf pRr clwsf/L÷sd{rf/Lsf n}lËs ;Dj]bgzLntf nflu n}lËs ;Dj]bgzLntf tyf ;xeflutfd"ns tflnd

lbg] .;a} txsf sd{rf/LnfO{ n}lËs tflnd lng xf};nf k|bfg ug]{ ./fHosf dlxnf lgsfo;“u ;xfotfsf nflu ;Dks{ ug]{ .

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cfof]hgf Joj:yfkg cfof]hgfsf] s'g} klg ;ldltdf dlxnfx¿sf] k|ltlglwTj;'lglZrt ug]{ .

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/ d"Nof+sg, @_ u};;÷k/fdz{bftfåf/f afx\o cg'udg/ d"Nof+sg, / #_ nfeflGjt dlxnf / k'¿ifåf/f ;xeflutfd"ns cg'udg .dlxnf / k'¿ifnfO{ k|fKt nfe kl/eflift ug]{ kl/;"rsagfpg] .

;dLIff ljleGg ;fdflhs tyf hghftLo ;d"xx¿df cfof]hgfsf] k|efj ljZn]if0f u/L dlxnf / k'¿ifsf cfwf/df 5'§f5'§} ;dfj]z ug]{ .

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cfof]hgf tof/L k|fljlws ;xfotf(PPTA) df ;fdflhs ljZn]if0f /9f“rf

lzIff IF]qdf ul/aLsf] j:t'l:ylt / n}lËs;/f]sf/sf ;jfnsf] klxrfg / ljZn]if0f u/Lul/aL 36fpg a9L k|efjsf/L ;'emfj lbg] .nlIft hg;+Vofsf] klxrfg / j0f{g ug]{ .z}lIfs :t/, egf{, k9fO k"/f gu/L aLrd}ljBfno 5f]8\g] / k7gkf7g k"/f ug]{ ;+Vofaf/]dlxnf÷k'¿ifsf] pd]/ / txcg';f/ 5'§f5'§}tYof+s tof/ kfg]{ .leGgtf k/LIf0f ug]{ . ;d"xleq s]6L÷s]6f /dlxnf÷k'¿ifaLr lzIffdf leGgtf b]vfk/]e]befj cf}+Nofpg] .cfof]hgfsf nlIFt hg;+Vofsf] cfjZostf/ dfu k/LIf0f ug]{ . pbfx/0fsf nflu,lzIff÷tflnd ln +bf s ]6L÷dlxnf /s]6f÷k'¿ifx¿nfO{ leGbfleGb} ef}lts ;'ljwfsf]cfjZostf 5 ls 5}g / o:tf] leGgcfjZostfn] k|:tfljt cfof]hgfdf s;/Lk|efj kfg{;S5 eGg]tkm{ Wofg lbg] .IFdtf klxrfg ug]{ . dlxnf / k'¿ifx¿nfO{s;/L cfof]hgfdf ;xefuL u/fpg]– pgLx¿sf]pTk | ]/0ff , 1fg, ;Lk / ;+u7gfTds;|F]t–;fwgx¿– tyf pgLx¿sf] ;+:sf/ /;dfhdf cfof]hgfnfO{ s;/L ;'xfp“bf] agfpg]egL Wofg lbg] . z}lIfs cfof ]hgfdfs]6L÷dlxnfsf] ;xeflutfdf afwf k'¥ofpg]cj/f]wx¿ klxrfg ug]{ -h:t} M ljBfno z'Ns,3/fo;L sfddf n}lËs e"ldsf tyf lhDd]jf/Lcflb_ .dlxnf ;/f]sf/sf ljifodf s]lGb|t jf n}lËstyf ljsf; (GAD) df rf;f] /fVg] /cfof]hgfnfO{ of]ubfg k'¥ofpg;Sg] ;/sf/Ltyf u}/–;/sf/L ;+:yf / ;+u7gx¿ klxrfgug]{ .

cfof]hgfsf] tof/L / sfof{Gjogdf dlxnf/ k'¿if;“u k/fdz{ lnOG5 / pgLx¿nfO{;xefuL u/fOG5 egL ;'lglZrt ug]{ .lgDg tl/sfn] n}lËs ljZn]if0f ug] { M

s]6L / s]6f tyf dlxnf / k'¿ifaLr z}lIfscfjZostf / cj;/df /x]sf] leGgtfklxrfg ug]{ .dlxnf÷s]6Lx¿sf] nfenfO{ :yfloTj lbg;Sg];+/rgf / k|lqmof klxrfg ug]{ -h:t} M sfg'g,;fdflhs tyf /fhgLlts ;+:yf, ;f+:s[ltsk|rng, lzIf0f ;+:yfx¿sf] k|rng cflb ._kf7\oqmd tyf ljBfnosf kf7\ok':tsx¿n]k/Dk/fut n}lËs cjwf/0ffnfO{ a9fjf lbG5ls lb+b}g ljZn]if0f ug]{ .k]zfut lzIfsx¿df /x]sf] n}lËs cGt/klxrfg ug]{ .:yfgLo tyf /fli6«o :t/sf] ljBfnoJoj:yfkgdf dlxnfsf] e"ldsf klxrfg ug]{.

k|:tfljt ;+:yfut tyf ;+u7gfTds ;+/rgfk/LIf0f ug]{ tyf dlxnf ;xeflutfsf] ;Ldf /cfof]hgf Joj:yfkgdf pgLx¿sf] k|ltlglwTjlgwf{/0f ug]{ .k|d'v nlIft ;d"x, vf;u/L ul/ax¿sf];xeflutf a9fpg k|:tfljt cfof]hgfsf] IfdtfljZn]if0f ug]{ .cg'udg / d"Nof+sgsf nflu k|:tfljt k|0ffnLsf];fGble{stf, n}lËs k|efj cg'udg ug{dlxnf÷k'¿ifsf] 5'§f5'§} tYof+ssf] pknAwtf/ dlxnf ;xeflutf tyf ;zlQms/0f dfkgsfnflu pko'Qm n}lËs–;Dj]bgzLn kl/;"rssf]ljZn]if0f ug]{ .u};;, dlxnf ;/f]sf/ jf n}lËs tyf ljsf;dfs]lGb|t ;+:yfnufotsf] ;xsfo{sf] ;Defjgfk/LIf0f ug]{ .

n}l·s :d/0f;"rLM lzIff@@

Asian Development Bank. 1996. Education of Women in Asia. Proceedings of the Regional Seminar,30 May-2 June, Manila, Philippnes.

AUSAID. 1997. Guide to Gender and Development.

Checchi, D. 1999. Inequality in Income and Access to Education: A Cross-Country Analysis. World Institutefor Development Economics Research.

Filmer, D. 1999. The Structure of Social Disparities in Education : Gender and Wealth. Gendernet, World Bank.

UNESCO. 1998. Gender-Sensitive Education Statisticsand Indicators.

USAID. 1998. Promoting Education for Girls in Nepal

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