The Roots of the Cold War

• Communism

No real “wealthy” peopleState/country controls everything business relatedNo free enterprise system1 ruler that can easily turn into a dictatorship

Roots of the Cold War…Continued

• Democracy

Citizens elect representatives to serve in governmentFree enterprise systemMultiparty free elections

The Cold War in Europe

Communist NationsAlbaniaBulgariaCzechoslovakiaEast GermanyHungaryPolandRomaniaSoviet Union

Non-Communist Nations

BelgiumDenmarkFranceGreat BritainGreeceItalyLuxembourgNetherlandsNorwayPortugalTurkeyWest GermanyUnited States

Berlin Airlift

The NATO Nations vs. The Warsaw Pact

The Federal Republic of

Germany

German Democratic

Republic

Berlin Wall

East Against West• Facts about the “Iron Curtain”

Political differences divided the Soviet (Communist) controlled countries of Eastern Europe from those of Western EuropeDifferences caused an Iron Curtain (not an actual curtain) that split Europe into 2 different parts.People living in the Eastern part could not travel outside of their country.Westerners who wanted to visited the Eastern part also faced restriction.

The Cold War…and the Rest of Europe

•

The Soviet Union and TOTAL Control

Soviet Union outlawed many celebrationsDestroyed churches and religious buildingsReligious leaders were killedOther ethnic group members were not allowed to speak their native languagesGovernment controlled communications media (newspapers, books and radio)

Writers, poets and other artists work was banned or censoredArtists forced to join government run unionsUnions told artists what to createIf artists refused or disobeyed, they were jailed or killed.

The Cold War Continues in Eastern Asia

• Underlying reason for the Korean War It remained a continuing saga in the ongoing Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union

• The Surface reason for the Korean War It seemed to be a war between North Korea and South Korea

• The Real reason for the Korean War The United States and the Soviet Union were using the war as a front to combat each other without actually going to war with each other

The Korean War-Reason #1 (The U.S. Perspective)

• The “Domino Theory” (The Communists were coming to power not only in Eastern Europe but also in the far East)

• China became Communist in 1949• President Harry Truman believed that if one country

fell to Communism then another country would follow like a line of “dominoes”

The Korean War-Reason #2 (The U.S. PERSPECTIVE)

• Undermining Communism• Capitalism and Freedom were in jeopardy of

being overrun by Communism• Truman Doctrine-containing Communism by

keeping the Soviet Union from gaining more territory

• President Truman wanted to drive the Communists out of North Korea

The Korean War-Reason #3 (Still the U.S. PERSPECTIVE)

• The United States was in a competition for world domination with the Soviet Union

• While “helping” South Korea, the United States was able to fight off Communism without directly attacking Russia

The Korean War-What the Soviet Union Thought

• The Soviet Union went to war mainly because of the Cold War with the United States

The Cold War Continues…Again in Southeast Asia

• Vietnam was at one time controlled by the French

• Vietnamese people were able to organize against the French

• Feelings for freedom were high in the north under the guidance of Ho Chi Minh

Dividing Vietnam…Again in 1954

North Vietnam (Communist)

• Ho Chi Minh became the leader for Vietnam’s independence movement

• Received support from the Soviet Union and Communist controlled China

• Vietminh looked for ways to overthrow the South

South Vietnam (U.S. Supported)

• Sent money to the French for fear of Communism spreading to the rest of the world

• Eventually provided military support

• Began bombing North Vietnam in 1965