Fintan O’Reganwww.fintanoregan.com

Fjmoregan@aol.com

"No two children are the same....and neither are their parents - Family dynamics and ADHD"

Twickenham Feb 7th 2019

Publications to date • Cooper P and O’Regan F (2001) EDUCATING children with

ADHD: Routledge Falmer Press

• O’Regan F (2002) How to teach and manage children with ADHD: LDA a division of McGraw- Hill

• O’Regan F (2005) ADHD : Continuum International

• O’Regan F (2005) Surviving and Succeeding in SEN Continuum International

• O’Regan F (2006) Challenging Behaviours Teachers Pocketbooks

• O’Regan F (2006) Troubleshooting Challenging Behaviours Continuum International

• O’Regan F (2008) The Small Change 2 BIG DIFFERENCE series Hyperactive, Inattentive and Disorganised, Special Direct

• O’Regan F (2014) Successfully Managing ADHD :Routledge Falmer Press

INSET courses www.fintanoregan.com

• Successfully managing ADHD

• Managing Challenging Behaviour

• The M factor: Mood and Motivation

• The Language of Learning

• No two children are the same

• The curious case of ASD and ADHD

• “Get out of my face, it’s not my fault and you know nothing about me”: Teaching and managing children with ODD and PDA

• The Bully, Target and Bystander

• Supporting Children with Attachment Disorder

• Restorative Justice and Anger Management •

Learning Socialisation

Key issues to consider

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Behaviour

Risk factors in the child⚫ Specific learning difficulties/neurological

difficulties

⚫ Difficult temperament

⚫ Levels of intelligence, IQ and EI

⚫ Socialisation difficulties

⚫ Physiological issues of levels of self esteem, depression, stress

⚫ Other health factors

MH and Behaviour in Schools March 2015

Risk factors in the family⚫ Overt parental conflict

⚫ Family breakdown

⚫ Sibling rivalry

⚫ Inconsistent or unclear discipline

⚫ Hostile or rejecting relationships

⚫ Health of parents

⚫ Failure to adapt to a child’s changing needs

⚫ Physical, sexual or emotional abuse

⚫ Parental criminality, alcoholism or personality disorder

⚫ Death and loss-including loss of friendship

Risk factors in the community

• Socio economic disadvantage

• Homelessness

• Disaster, accidents, war or other overwhelming events

• Discrimination

• Other significant life events

Risk factors in the school

• Bullying

• Discrimination

• Breakdown in or lack of positive friendships

• Deviant peer influences

• Peer Pressure

• Poor pupil to teacher relationship

MH and Behaviour in Schools March 2015

Learning

⚫ 10% of what you read

⚫ 20% of what you hear

⚫ 30% of what you see

⚫ 50% of what you both see and hear

⚫ 70% of what you hear, see and do

⚫ 90% of what your peers tell you!

John Dewey

Behaviour

⚫ Behaviour is learned

⚫ Behaviour is purposeful in a social setting

⚫ Behaviour is chosen

⚫ Behaviour communicates information about needs

⚫ Behaviour can be the result of BDS

⚫ Behaviour can be changed

⚫ Behaviour can be taught

Bill Rogers 1997

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101

1

Negative Positive

High energy

Low energy

ActionAnxiety

CalmDepressed

Key Mood agents

• Your Surroundings

• Your Physical health

• Your Relationships

• Your Knowledge

• Your Nature

Mood Mapping : Liz Miller 2009

ADHD

• A developmental disorder• Pervasive –affecting more than one

setting• Enduring- difficulties beyond childhood.• Neurological condition

What we know

▪ Genetic influences are very strong

▪ Several changes in the DNA of chromosomes are now known to be associated with ADHD, these changes are in the genes that control specific neurotransmitters especially dopamine

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Inattention Hyperactivity

Key symptoms

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Impulsivity

Assessment

⚫ Medical evaluation

⚫ Parent interview

⚫ Teacher interview

⚫ Patient interview

⚫ Rating Scales

⚫ Computerised testing

⚫ Achievement testing

⚫ Intellectual testing

Overlap

ADHD

Spld

ASDODD

CD

ASD

Triad of social impairment:

▪ Social communication

▪ Social imagination

▪ Social interaction

…..also sensory sensitivity and processing

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The explosive child

Inflexibility + inflexibility = meltdown

Ross Greene 2004

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Oppositional Defiant Disorder

A pattern of negativistic, hostile and defiant behaviour lasting at least 6 months, during which four or more of the following are present:

– often loses temper

– often argues with adults

– often actively defies or refuses to comply with adults requests or rules

– often deliberately annoys people

Source: Attention/deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. In: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM IV 4th ed. Washington, DC.: American Psychiatric Press; 1194: 78-85.

ODD ctd.

– often blames others for his or her mistakes or behaviour

– is often touchy or easily annoyed by others

– is often angry or resentful– is often spiteful and vindictive

Source: Attention/deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. In: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM IV 4th ed. Washington, DC.: American Psychiatric Press; 1194: 78-85.

Riley’s Rules regarding ODD

• They live in fantasy land where they can defeat all authority figures

• They are optimistic and fail to learn from experience

• You must be fair to me no matter how I treat you

• Seek revenge when angered

• Need to feel tough

• Feel you will run out of moves eventually

• Feel equal to their parents

• Emulate the behaviour of their least successful peers

• Answer most questions with “I don’t know”• Douglas Riley the Defiant Child 1999

A multi modal management model to consider

SF3R

Structure

• Acceptance and understanding of ADHD

• Identification of key areas of strength and weaknesses of specific individuals

• Rules, Rituals and Routines for the general management of CYPs with ADHD

Flexibility

• Alternative ways of supporting skills in learning, behaviour and socialisation

• Mood and Motivation management

• Working in collaboration with other professionals

Rapport

• Effective communication with CYPs with ADHD

• Practical strategies for dealing with frustration and defiance

• Feedback for students including rewards and consequences

Relationships

• Advocating the needs of children with ADHD with others

• Peer to peer relationships including how to deal with socialisation issues

• Communication between home and school

Resilience

• To develop confidence in CYPS with ADHD

• To enable CYPs to manage change and transition

• To help CYPs to become independent individuals

SF3R

Fintan O’Regan 2006 Troubleshooting Challenging Behaviour Continuum publications

• Reduce anxiety

• Enhance motivation, confidence and self esteem

• Enhance concentration and reduce distractions

• Facilitate independence

Structure in terms of rules

Rules and Responsibilities

Band 1 Band 2

Clear Heads in the house Tidy bedroom

Food remains downstairs Fidgeting

Meal times are for eating Calling out

and chatting Slamming doors

Machine time Annoying others

Communication

⚫ 7% words

⚫ 38% Tonality, Volume and Tempo

⚫ 55% non verbal signals

Assertive Body language

⚫ Eye contact; Be flexible at times

⚫ Height/level positioning

⚫ Relaxed

⚫ Nodding

⚫ Personal space –balance

⚫ Facial expressions

⚫ Not fidgeting yourself

⚫ Focused, active listening

Active Listening

• To give your complete focus to what the other person is saying

• Let the other person finish before you start talking

• Flexible on eye contact when possible

• Keep your emotions in check

• Don’t interrupt or jump to conclusions

• Look for feelings or intent behind the words

Assertive Sentence starters

⚫ Let’s………..

⚫ I need you to........

⚫ In five minutes you will have……….

⚫ When I return I will see……………..

⚫ Today we are going to……………..

⚫ You will be…………………..

⚫ I expect you to……………..

⚫ I know that you will………………

⚫ Thank you for……………………

If not working try…..

“I am stopping this conversation now and I am going to walk away and give you a chance to think about the choices that you want to make……. I know that when I come back we will have a productive conversation”

Do it with flowers…..

Instead of saying Maybe try saying

Be quiet! Can’t you see I’m talking? Please don’t interrupt

How many times do I have to tell you? Please listen carefully

You’re always getting into trouble Do you need me to help you with this?

David sit down at the table David you should be sitting down at the table

I’m warning you…! Please listen to me.

(((Angrily…. Stop it III need you to get back on task

Refocusing the conversation

Young person Adult

• ‘It wasn’t me’ ‘I hear what you are saying….’

• ‘But they were doing the same thing I understand…..’

• ‘I’m going to report /sue you” Be that as it may….’

• ‘I was only…..’ ‘Maybe you were….and yet….’

• ‘You are not being fair’ ‘Yes I may appear unfair…’

• ‘It’s boring’ ‘Yes you may think it boring… yet

• ‘You are annoying’ ‘That could be true however what I need to

•In general

▪ Keep reading the mood of the child or young person

▪ Always focus on the incident not the individual, don’t personalise

▪ Try to provide a “save face” option in front of siblings/ peers by providing a choice of outcome

▪ Be prepared to go into the “broken record” mode at times and don’t get into drawn into smokescreen behaviour

▪ Use of humour if appropriate

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SF3R

Fintan O’Regan 2006 Troubleshooting Challenging Behaviour Continuum publications