NOAA’sNational Geodetic Survey

Height ModernizationImplementation

Helena, MtOctober 17, 2006

Renee ShieldsNational Geodetic Survey

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

Height Mod Implementation

How has Height Mod been implemented in other states?

How does the U.S. Federal Budget process work?

How do NOAA Grants work?

California

• Leveling could not be used in NAVD88 adjustment so couldn’t implement NAVD88

• Some heights in CA in error by more than a meter

• No way to keep up with continuously re-leveling

• GPS could be immediately used to meet some of California’s requirements

• Establish California Spatial Reference Center• Projects

– San Francisco Bay Demonstration Project– Hamilton Field Restoration– Post-earthquake surveys, e.g. Hector Mine, Yolo County– Leveling support from CalTrans

• Densify CORS Network• Establish NAVD88 orthometric heights on CORS• Develop RTK networks• Educate users on Epochs• Update HTDP, Geoid models

California (Scripps Institution of Oceanography)

North Carolina

• Become Cooperative Technical State• Get additional grant funds from FEMA – update flood maps• Contract GPS Height Mod projects by county• NCGS perform leveling concurrent with GPS• Distribute data, maps via web site• Partner with NCA&T

– develop training materials for workshops (non-traditional and traditional users)

– Develop 4-year Geospatial degree program – Perform studies to develop standards for new techniques– Develop software, tools, models

(North Carolina Department of Environmental and Natural Resources )

• Establish LSRC

• Re-establish outdated vertical network – update NAVD88, tie to sea-level datums

• Perform subsidence, coastal erosion studies – develop HTDP, storm surge models for vertical motion

• Study new technologies for GPS surveys

• Educate users, managers to subsidence issues

Louisiana (Louisiana State University)

Supplement control where marks have been destroyed

• Create network that can fully utilize GPS technologies (cost effective)

• Become role model and trainer for other states’ programs

Wisconsin (Wisconsin Department of Transportation)

• Provide accurate vertical data for highway design (vertical component of the geodetic network)

• Improve ability to delineate basins

• Improve data quality to provide more accurate DTMs

• Expand CORS network throughout the State

• USM Gulf Coast Research Lab installed National Water Level Observation Network (NWLON) station co-located with CORS

• Height Modernization survey along Mississippi River (Cairo, IL to the Gulf) completed in cooperation with USACE

Mississippi (USM)

Alabama (ALDOR)

• Alabama Department of Revenue

manage program; Department of Transportation oversees surveying tasks

• Densify CORS and HARN• Re-level where needed• Educate surveyors for contract

work• Establish statewide SLIMS

(Statewide Land Info Management Systems)

Other Funded States

• Washington (DNR)

•Ensure a high-accuracy geodetic reference network in WA (GPS, monuments, CORS, VRS networks, geodetic models)

•Promote the development of specifications and guidelines for GPS surveys; Serve as an educational source for users

• Texas (TAMUCC)

•Establish TSRC

•Improve Gulf Coast geoid model

•NAVD88 heights on all CORS; tie CORS to tidal datums

•Measure/monitor subsidence in Harris Galveston area

• Kentucky (Morehead State)

• Arizona (ASLD)

Other Interested States

• Invited to brief congressional staff and/or present at conferences, forums:

AK, AR, FL, CO, HI,

IL, MI, MO, MT, NH,

NM, PA, PR, TN, VI

• Height Mod projects done:

FL, NE

Evaluate your needs

• How much vertical control do you have/need?

– Passive control disappearing because of development or other activities?

– Control network easily maintained or densified to suit community’s needs?

• How valid is the control network?

– Is there movement from crustal deformation, e.g. earthquakes (Yellowstone), glacial rebound?

• What will it take to fix it?

Management of forest fires - evacuation planning, effective firefighting by knowing accurate positioning and slope

Montana’s needs?

Mudslides, rockslides – may have contributed to decimation of passive control; accurate control network assists with cost effective rebuilding efforts

Agriculture – effective use of irrigation, pesticides, fertilizer, saves money and environmentConversion from NGVD29 to NAVD88 for water management, GIS applications

Forests in western 1/3 of MT

Wheat in eastern 2/3 of MT

Montana’s needs?

U.S. Federal Budget Process

• Federal Fiscal Year: October 1 – September 30• Budget Process

– Presidential budget– Congress adopts budget resolution –

response to the Presidents budget– Consideration of appropriations – House and

Senate conferences– Negotiate differences– Budget Bill goes to President to veto or sign– Bill signed into law

President’s Budget

• Initiates Budget Process• Submitted to Congress February

2 for upcoming FY• Recommended spending levels

for programs and agencies

• Represents “Budget Authority”

• Budget submitted to Congress with justification materials from agencies

Budget Resolution

• Congress’ response to President’s budget• A Guide for considering various budget bills

– Not law, i.e. doesn’t go to President– Does set ceilings for each bill

• Covers at least 5 years, upcoming plus 4 more• Required by Congressional Budget Act of 1974

– No penalty for not adopting a resolution– 1999 and 2001 are only 2 years Congress

has failed to adopt a resolution

Appropriations Committees

• House and Senate Appropriations Committees hold hearings for consideration of 13 separate bills via 13 sub-committees

• Adopted Budget Resolution provides ceilings for sub-committees to use as guidelines

• Sub-committees begin to mark up bills under their jurisdiction

Appropriations Committees

• House– 65 members: 35(R), 29(D), 1(I)– Current Chair: Jerry Lewis, CA (R)

• Senate– 28 members: 15(R), 13(D)– Current Chair: Thad Cochran, MS(R)

• 13 Subcommittees– Agriculture, Rural Development, and Related Agencies – Commerce, Justice, and Science Defense – District of Columbia – Energy and Water – Homeland Security – Interior and Related Agencies – Labor, Health and Human Services, Education and Related Agencies – Legislative Branch – Military Construction and Veterans Affairs – State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs – Transportation, Treasury, the Judiciary, Housing and Urban Development, and

Related Agencies

HouseSenate

House Appropriations Committee

HA Sub 1

Senate Appropriations Committee

HA Sub 2

HA Sub 3

HA Sub 13

SA Sub 1

SA Sub 1

SA Sub 3

SA Sub 13

Appropriations Committees

Appropriations Committees

• Sub-committees submit bills to full House/Senate for vote

• Bills are considered and passed in each chamber in August and September

• There are still big differences between the House version and Senate version

• Little time left before start of FY to resolve differences

Hence - CONTINUING RESOLUTION

• House and Senate Appropriations Committees negotiate their differences– Negotiate differences– Reach an agreement within range of

differences– Budget Bill goes to President who has 10

days to veto or sign

Appropriations Committees

President Acts on Bill

• Does nothing within 10 days– If Congress is in session, Bill becomes law– If Congress is adjourned, Bill is vetoed

• Vetoes Bill– Bill goes back to Congress– If House and Senate pass bill with a 2/3 vote,

Bill becomes law– If not, Bill dies and they start over

• Signs Bill into law

Appropriations ($ in thousands)

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

AL 1,989K 2,000K 1,971K

AZ 500K

CA 1,000K 1,000K 1,000K 1,000K 500K 933K

KY 500K 500K

LA 1,000K 500K 497K 497K

MS 500K 500K 600K 600K

NC 1,000K 1,000K 1,000K 993K 1,000K 933K

SC 500K 497K 467K

TX 750K 750K

WA 500K 500K

WI 500K 500K 2,989K 3,000K 3,000K

2007 Marks2006 Pres Request

2006 House Mark

2006 Senate Mark

2006 Conference Mark

Geodesy Base 22,190 24,000 20,219 20,295NSRS 0 0 1,971 1,971

Height Mod Study-NGS Implementation

233 233 233

Height Mod Study-NC 933 933 933Height Mod Study-CSRC 933 933 933Geodetic Survey-LA

Height Mod Study-MS 600 600

Digital Earth Model-MS 3,000

Height Mod TX 1,600 750

Washington

Height Mod Study-WI 3,000

Geodetic Survey-SC 467 467 467

Geodetic Survey-AL 1,971

Geodetic Survey-KY 500

Geodetic Survey-AZ 500

Comprehensive Elev Prj for Gulf States

Total 24,756 24,000 29,956 32,153

2007 Marks2006 Conference Mark

2007 Pres Request

2007 House Mark

2007 Senate Mark

Geodesy Base 20,295 21729 22,000 21,729NSRS 1,,971Height Mod Study-NGS Implementation

233 231 231

Height Mod Study-NC 933 924 900Height Mod Study-CSRC 933 924 900Geodetic Survey-LA 2,300Height Mod Study-MS 600 600Digital Earth Model-MS 5,000Height Mod TX 750 500Washington

Height Mod Study-WI 3,000Geodetic Survey-SC 467 462 400Geodetic Survey-AL 1,971 2,000Geodetic Survey-KY 500Geodetic Survey-AZ 500Comprehensive Elev Prj for Gulf States

7,000

Total 32,153 24,270 22,000 41,560

Height Modernization Appropriations(FY01-FY06)

Fiscal Year Appropriations States

FY 2001 2.25 M CA, NC

FY 2002 3.75 M CA, NC, LA, WI

FY 2003 3.75 M CA, NC, LA, WI, MS

FY 2004 9.0 MCA, NC, LA, WI, MS,

AL, WA, SC

FY 2005 9.6 MCA, NC, LA, WI, MS,

AL, WA, TX, KY

FY 2006 9.9 MCA, NC, WI, MS,

AL, SC, TX, KY, AZ

B A C K G R O U N D

NGS’ Role - NOAA Grants

• Appropriations puts funds in NGS budget

– Amount and recipient designated by Congress

• NGS publishes Request for Applications

– Non-competitive

– Available for particular applicants only

– Can be up to 5 years

NGS’ Role - NOAA Grants

• Designated organization applies– Writes proposal, budget plan– Includes application forms, supporting

documentation• Review by NGS and outside reviewers• Award managed and monitored by NGS

• Program Management -- Congressional briefings, budget, grants management, coordination, outreach

• Outreach/Technology Transfer -- advisors, forums, workshops, conferences, publications, training, outsourcing

• Project Leadership -- project planning, specifications, guidelines, CORS management

• Quality Control -- training, assess techniques, survey control, load projects into NGS database

• Research and Development -- software development, remote sensing, modeling, investigate GPS techniques, antenna calibrations

NGS’ Role and Responsibilities

N O A A T e c h n ic a l M e m o r a n d u m N O S N G S - 5 8

G U ID E L IN E S F O R E S T A B L IS H IN G G P S - D E R IV E D E L L IP S O ID H E IG H T S( S T A N D A R D S : 2 C M A N D 5 C M )V E R S IO N 4 .3

D a v id B . Z i lk o s k iJ o s e p h D . D 'O n o f r ioS t e p h e n J . F r a k e s

S i lv e r S p r in g , M D

N o v e m b e r 1 9 9 7

U . S . D E P A R T M E N T O F N a t i o n a l O c e a n i c a n d N a t i o n a l O c e a n N a t i o n a l G e o d e t i cC O M M E R C E A t m o s p h e r i c A d m i n i s t r a t i o n S e r v ic e S u r v e y

Other Approaches – National

• Funding included in NGS budget – consistent, not threatened by whims of Congress

• Program recognized by NOAA – added support to continue

• NGS coordinates activities around the country, prioritizing based on need

• NGS can redirect funds as needed, not restricted to spending within one state

Other Approaches – Regional

• Alternative if can’t get support for National program

• Needs don’t stop at state boundaries

• States within a region work in concert to support common issues/goals

• More efficient use of funds

• Encourages partnerships

• Congress more likely to continue funding if affects a larger group – shows importance, commitment to program on part of users

Other Approaches – Regional

The Future

• Continue efforts to maintain and grow the program

• Research new technology to enhance HMP efforts

• Continue to investigate opportunities to modify procedures and processes to improve efficiencies

• Provide outreach, training, and support to states interested in Height Modernization

Questions?

Renee ShieldsGrants ManagerN/NGS1, SSMC3, Room 93571315 East-West HighwaySilver Spring, MD 20910301-713-3231, x116Renee.Shields@noaa.gov

Contact information