Node Position Forecast in MANET with PheroCast

Federal University of Uberlandia Brasil

Paulo R. CoelhoEnrique FynnLuis F. Faina

Rafael PasquiniLásaro Camargos

Where will a node be in thefuture?

http://www.rcrwireless.com/article/20131021/carriers/latam-wrap-up-itu-says-brazil-has-worlds-most-expensive-rates-huawei-moves-regional-hq/

Minimum Wage US$325

Send SMS now or hold until we reachan open WiFi spot?

Proactive routing

To the Internet

Infra 1 Infra 2 Infra 3

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Infra 3

Be proactive, not reactive

• Proactive routing and hand-off

• Content generation

• GPS route optimization

• Traffic planning in smart cities

PheroCast in nutshell

Landmarks and Sites

• Nearest intersection

• Strongest WIFI signal

• Coarse GPS coordinates

• Base station

Stay Duration

Phero map

Site Avg Stay Num Visits

PheroCast Algorithms

BFS((i,d),t+h)

BFS((i,d),th)

BFS((i,d),t+h)

BFS((i,d),th)

Evaluation

• Seattle's Transit buses• Guess the next log entry

• Edge in Map if interval < m * 30+- 30s apart

• k forecasts with higher probability• gft2 cells• σ smoothing factor

Validity of Assumption: route 007

Error CDF

Parameter combinations

Error in Xk = 3, g = 600, m = 2, σ = 0.4

Error in Yk = 3, g = 600, m = 2, σ = 0.4

Error in X/Yk = 3, g = 600, m = 2, σ = 0.4

Related work

There are better predictors, but• aggregate/centralize data• are computationally expensive

PheroCast runs on portable devices andwithout network conectivity

Thank you!

Questions?