Health Class Getting Started Disease Unit Page Due May Friday
May 22 nd Vocabulary Make sure to number and underline Crossword
Review Questions Weekly Reminders Pick up new Non-Infectious
Disease Notes Page on the front TA desk. We will be taking notes
today. If you were not here yesterday the new unit page is on the
second white shelf by the flag. Class Objectives Identify the
difference between non-infectious and infectious disease. Describes
ways in which non-infectious disease occur. Explain ways to reduce
risks of getting a non- infectious disease.
Slide 3
Starter Quiz 1.Describe how a vaccine makes you immune to a
specific disease. Be specific Include the immune response B-cells
T-cells Antibodies
Slide 4
Infectious Disease Lesson Review In the last lesson we learned
that infectious disease are caused by germs / pathogens. We also
learned that the germs / pathogens can be transmitted between
person, animal, food, or object.
Slide 5
Non Infectious Diseases A non infectious disease is a disease
that is not caused by a germ / pathogen. Non infectious disease
cannot be transmitted from person, animal, food, or object.
Slide 6
Non Infectious Disease This means: You cant sneeze on someone
Get bit by a dog Drink infected water or food Touch a surface And
get a non-infectious disease
Slide 7
Non Infectious Disease Non infectious diseases can be caused by
many different things. Some people are more at risk for certain non
infectious disease than others.
Slide 8
Risk Factors Risk factors is a characteristic or behavior that
raises a persons chance of getting a noninfectious disease.
Slide 9
Risk Factors Some risk factors you have no control over like:
Age Gender Race Heredity
Slide 10
Risk Factors Some risk factors you do have control over like
Diet and Weight Injuries Lifestyle choices Wearing a helmet
Avoiding drugs and alcohol Exercising Daily
Slide 11
Types of Non-Infectious Diseases There are several categories
of non-infectious disease. Some of the common include: Hereditary
Metabolic Neurological Environmental Accidents and Injuries
Cancer
Slide 12
Hereditary Hereditary Diseases are diseases caused by defective
genes inherited by a child from one or both parents. They are
caused by changes in the structure of the genes
Slide 13
Examples of Hereditary Diseases Sickle Cell: Red blood are miss
shaped making it difficult to carry oxygen
Slide 14
Examples of Hereditary Diseases Down Syndrome: A third
chromosome shows up on the 21 st pair.
Slide 15
Examples of Hereditary Diseases Cystic Fibrosis: The body
creates too much mucus making it hard to breathe and digest
food
Slide 16
Examples of Hereditary Diseases Hemophilia: The body cannot
clot blood.
Slide 17
Examples of Hereditary Diseases Muscular Dystrophy: Muscles
slowly start to atrophy over time making it difficult to move and
maintain body posture.
Slide 18
Metabolic and Nutritional Diseases Metabolic and nutritional
diseases deal with the bodies inability to digest foods
properly.
Slide 19
Examples of Metabolic Diseases Diabetes: The pancreases stops
producing insulin or it produces insulin that does not work Insulin
is a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels Some one with
diabetes will have higher blood sugar levels which causes damage to
organs
Slide 20
Examples of Metabolic Diseases Celiac Disease: The person
cannot digest gluten. Gluten is a protein found in wheat, barley,
and rye. The gluten causes damage to the small intestines making it
difficult for other nutrients to be absorbed.
Slide 21
Examples of Metabolic Diseases PKU: An inherited disease that
prevents a person from metabolizing the essential amino acid
phenylalanine. Too much phenylalanine can cause mental retardation,
seizures, and learning disabilities.
Slide 22
Health Class Getting Started Disease Unit Page Due Friday May
22 nd Vocabulary Make sure to number and underline Crossword Review
Questions Weekly Reminders Take out Non-Infectious Disease We will
be taking notes today. If you were not here yesterday the notes are
on the front TA desk The new unit page is on the second white shelf
by the flag. Class Objectives Identify the difference between
non-infectious and infectious disease. Describes ways in which
non-infectious disease occur. Explain ways to reduce risks of
getting a non- infectious disease.
Slide 23
Neurological Diseases Neurological diseases are primarily
diseases of the brain, spinal cord, and neurons.
Slide 24
Examples of Neurological Diseases Cerebral Palsy: Brain damage
that is caused by the lack of oxygen reaching the brain at birth or
shortly after birth, head injury, or infection. Cerebral palsy
causes varying degrees of severity in controlling muscle
movement.
Slide 25
Examples of Neurological Diseases Alzheimers is a degenerative
brain disorder causing loss of memory, change in behaviors, and
inability to do everyday tasks.
Slide 26
Examples of Neurological Diseases Multiple Sclerosis is caused
by the immune system attacking the protective myelin sheath around
nerves. The damage causes singles sent from the brain to the rest
of the body to short-circuit.
Slide 27
Examples of Neurological Diseases Seizures happen when the
brains nerve cells give off several electric signals at one time.
This causes messages to be sent to the body to twitch and jerk.
There are many causes of seizures: Fever Injury Drugs Unknown
reasons
Slide 28
Examples of Neurological Diseases Strokes happen when part of a
blood vessel leading to the brain is blocked or ruptures. The lack
of oxygen causes and damage to that part of the brain. Many things
can cause strokes to happens: Injury High Blood Pressure Old
Age
Slide 29
Environmental Diseases Often times our environment can cause
non-infectious diseases Our environment is all the living and
nonliving things around you
Slide 30
Examples of Environmental Diseases Allergies occur when your
immune system has an abnormal reaction to an ordinary substance.
Many things can cause allergies: Food Pollen Medication
Animals/Insects
Slide 31
Examples of Environmental Diseases Asthma is when the
bronchiole airways leading to the lungs get smaller making it
harder to breathe. Many things can cause asthma: Allergies
Infections Stress Exercise
Slide 32
Examples of Environmental Diseases Emphysema happens when the
tiny air sacs (alveoli) in the lungs are damaged. This makes it
difficult for oxygen to leave the lungs and enter the capillaries.
The primary cause of emphysema is smoking.
Slide 33
Examples of Environmental Diseases Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is
caused when a pregnant mother drinks alcohol. The alcohol causes
damage to the unborn baby. Learning problems Hyperactivity ADHD
Growth delays Facial Features
Slide 34
Examples of Environmental Diseases Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
is the unexplained death of a healthy baby after being put to bed.
Some risk factors include: Premature babies Parents who smoke
Sleeping on stomach Soft bedding and blankets
Slide 35
Accidents and Injuries Sometimes non-infectious diseases can be
caused by accidents and injuries to our bodies. Accidents are the
leading cause of death for children ages 10-14 years of age. There
are approximately 800,000 children who die from accidents alone
every year.
Slide 36
Accidents and Injuries Accidental injuries are also the most
common non-infectious medical problem among young people. An
accident is any unexpected event that causes damage, injury, and
death.
Slide 37
How to Prevent Accidents & Injuries 1.Dont drink alcoholic
beverages. Alcoholic beverages play a large role in automobile and
swimming accidents. 2.Dont use drugs or chemicals that are not
prescribed by a doctor. The consumption of chemicals and drugs can
cause sever brain damage, organ failure, and death. 3.Dont play
with guns or explosives. 4.Always wear a well fitting helmet when
riding a bicycle, skateboarding, or skiing/snowboarding. 5.Always
wear protective equipment while participating in sports. 6.Learn
CPR and basic first aid skills. 7.Wear a seatbelt every time you
ride in a car.
Slide 38
Cancer Cancer is a disease in which abnormal cells grow
uncontrollably and invade /destroy healthy tissues.
Slide 39
How Cancer Happens Normal cells make copies of themselves to
form new cells. Sometimes in cell division the instruction for a
the new cell can change the DNA of the cell. This change in the DNA
changes the size, shape, and behavior of the cell.
Slide 40
How Cancer Happens This happens more frequently than we think.
Most of the time the abnormal cell just dies. But, if an abnormal
cell divides, it make a copy of the abnormal DNA.
Slide 41
How Cancer Happens The more the abnormal cells divide the more
space they are taking up where normal cells should be. This causes
the organ or tissue to not work correctly.
Slide 42
How Cancer Happens Carcinogens are things that can cause the
change in DNA of a cell. Examples of common carcinogens: Pollution
Smoke UV rays Radiation Drugs Chemicals
Slide 43
How Cancer Happens When abnormal cells continue to grow they
can form a mass called a tumor.
Slide 44
How Cancer Happens There are two types of cancer cells.
1.Malignant cancer cells continue to multiply and spread to other
parts of they body. Malignant cancer cells are life
threatening.
Slide 45
How Cancer Happens 2.Benign cancer cells do not spread to other
areas of the body. They are not life threatening
Slide 46
How Cancer Happens The only way to know what type of cancer
cells are growing is by a biopsy. A biopsy is a sample of tissue
that is removed from the patient and analyzed by a specialist.
Slide 47
How Cancer Happens Cancer can happen anywhere in the body. Some
cancers grow and spread quickly, while others grow more
slowly.
Slide 48
How Cancer Happens Because it can happen anywhere and to
anyone, it is important to know the signs and symptoms of cancer.
The sooner a patient can receive treatment the better the chances
are of recovery.
Slide 49
Warning Signs of Cancer C change in bowel or bladder habits A a
sore that does not heal U unusual bleeding or discharge T
thickening or lump anywhere I indigestion or difficulty swallowing
O obvious change in a wart or mole N nagging cough or
hoarseness
Slide 50
7 Warning Signs of Cancer Change in bowel or bladder habits
Some changes could be: Diarrhea Frequent urination Urination stream
starting and stopping
Slide 51
7 Warning Signs of Cancer A sore that does not heal. Sores that
appear on the skin for no reason and do not go away Unusual
bleeding or discharge Bleeding and discharge from body openings
that cannot be explained
Slide 52
7 Warning Signs of Cancer Thickening or lump anywhere on the
body. Remember that when cancer cells form they create a tumor. It
is important that you are aware of any lumps that may develop.
Girls need to be especially mindful of lumps in their breast
tissue. This could be a sign of breast cancer. Boys need to be
mindful of lumps or changes in their testis. This could be a sign
of testicular cancer.
Slide 53
7 Warning Signs of Cancer Indigestion or difficulty swallowing.
Indigestion is an uncomfortable feeling or difficulty in digesting
food. Concern should be raised when indigestion goes on for a long
period of time or cant be explain.
Slide 54
7 Warning Signs of Cancer Obvious change in wart or mole. Skin
cancer is the most common form of cancer in both males and females.
Changes in a wart of mole can indicate the beginning of skin
cancer.
Slide 55
The ABCs of Skin Cancer
Slide 56
Slide 57
7 Warning Signs of Cancer Nagging cough or hoarseness If the
cough or hoarsens lasts for long periods of time and cannot be
explained by other infections.
Slide 58
Treating Cancer There are three main forms of treatment of
cancer. Surgery Chemotherapy Radiation Although there are other
treatments for cancer, these are the three main methods used.
Slide 59
Treating Cancer 1.Surgery: Doctors remove cancer cells from the
body. In some cases this could include removing large parts if not
all of an organ. This works best if cancer that has not spread to
any other part of the body.
Slide 60
Treating Cancer 2.Chemotherapy: Chemicals are used to destroy
cancer cells. These chemicals not only kill cancer cells, they can
also kill healthy cells as well. This method is used to fight
cancers that have spread to other parts of the body.
Slide 61
Treating Cancer 3.Radiation: High energy rays from a
radioactive materials are used to shrink or kill cancers cells.
This method is usually used in combination with surgery and
chemotherapy.
Slide 62
Treatment and Cure Because noninfectious disease are not caused
by germs, there are no vaccines or antibiotics to make someone
immune. We can however treat people with noninfectious
diseases.
Slide 63
Treatment and Cure Treatments are procedures and medications
that help slow down a noninfectious disease or helps the person
live with the disease. Cure means to get rid of the disease. Sadly
there are not many cures for noninfectious diseases
Slide 64
Quick Check 1.A ____ is a mass of abnormal cells. 2.If your
immune system overreacts to something in the environment, you
probably have a(n) ______. 3.A(n) ______ tumor is cancerous and may
be life threatening. 4.A(n) ______ is a characteristic or behavior
that raises your chances of getting a noninfectious disease.
5.______are procedures and medications that help slow down a
noninfectious disease or helps the person live with the disease.
6._____ means to get rid of the disease. 7.List three types of
carcinogens 8.Explain why it is important for people who have
inherited risk factors for heart disease to eat a healthy diet and
get plenty of exercise.
Slide 65
Quick Check 1.A TUMOR is a mass of abnormal cells. 2.If your
immune system overreacts to something in the environment, you
probably have a(n) ALLERGY. 3.A(n) MALIGNANT tumor is cancerous and
may be life threatening. 4.A(n) RISK FACTOR is a characteristic or
behavior that raises your chances of getting a noninfectious
disease. 5.TREATMENTS are procedures and medications that help slow
down a noninfectious disease or helps the person live with the
disease. 6.CURE means to get rid of the disease. 7.List three types
of carcinogens Pollution Smoke UV rays Radiation Drugs Chemicals
8.Explain why it is important for people who have inherited risk
factors for heart disease to eat a healthy diet and get plenty of
exercise.