North Slope Training Cooperative © North Slope Training Cooperative—All Rights Reserved Confined...

North Slope Training Cooperative

© North Slope Training Cooperative—All Rights Reserved

Confined Space EntryConfined Space Entry

Course No. NSTC-17Revised: December 2012



Course OverviewCourse Overview

2


IntroductionsIntroductions

Name

Company

Position

Length of time in Alaska

Experience on North Slope or other industrial sites

3

© North Slope Training Cooperative—All Rights Reserved 4© North Slope Training Cooperative—All Rights Reserved

Administration and SafetyAdministration and Safety

Emergency Procedures

Breaks, Lunch

Restrooms, Smoking

Safety Minute


Why Is This Class Important?Why Is This Class Important?

FACT: Most workers die in confined spaces because they don’t recognize the hazards.

FACT: There were 481 fatalities in confined spaces between 2005-2009. This equates to 1 fatality every 4 days.

FACT: 61% of these incidents occurred during construction, repairing or cleaning activities.

5


Why Is This Class Important?Why Is This Class Important?

FACT: Physical hazards including “struck by,” “caught in,” “collapsed,” and “fell” were the cause of 294 or 61% of the fatalities.

FACT: Atmospheric hazards including fires accounted for 160 or 33% of the fatalities.

FACT: Many confined space fatalities are rescue attempts.

6


GoalGoal

To ensure that employees can safely enter and work in confined spaces

ASH, page 84BP ASH, page 109

7


ObjectivesObjectives

Upon completion of this course, employees will be able to:

Describe the characteristics of a confined space

Identify the hazards associated with working in a confined space.

Institute appropriate controls, safeguards, and actions to protect personnel.

8


ObjectivesObjectives

Explain what permits are required for working in a confined space.

Explain the six steps for working safely within a confined space.

Explain the confined space entry requirements in the 2010 Alaska Safety Handbooks.

9

ASH, pages 81-98BP ASH, pages 105-118


Course LimitationsCourse Limitations

This is not “competent person” training.

This is an introductory course on confined space entry for authorized users.

Additional site-specific training will be required by your company.

The brand and type of equipment used in this class may differ from the equipment used on your job site.

10




What Is a Confined Space?

What Is a Confined Space?

11


Confined Space DefinitionConfined Space Definition

A confined space is large enough and so configured that an employee can bodily enter and perform work; AND

Has limited or restricted means for entry or exit (e.g. tanks, vessels, silos, storage bins, hoppers, vaults, and pits); AND

Is not designed for continuous occupancy.

12


OSHA 29 CFR 1910.146 (b)

© North Slope Training Cooperative—All Rights Reserved© North Slope Training Cooperative—All Rights Reserved

Other CSE CharacteristicsOther CSE Characteristics

Small, narrow or cramped passageways

Entry or exit is by means of a ladder

Other equipment in the space may make evacuation and rescue difficult

13


TanksTanks

Storage TanksFrac Tank

Do either of these tanks meet the criteria for being a confined space? Explain.

14


Communications ShelterCommunications Shelter

Does this shelter meet the criteria for being a confined space? Explain.

15


Process VesselsProcess Vessels

Does the tower or vessel skirt meet the criteria for being a confined space? Explain.

16


Process Vessels Process Vessels

Does the separator or steam heater meet the criteria for being a confined space? Explain.

Gas Oil Separator

Process Steam Heater

17


Trench or ExcavationTrench or Excavation

ASH, page 146, #6 & 7 BP ASH, page 150, #5 & 6

Is a trench or excavation a confined space? Explain. What hazards do you see that could affect the safety of the workers in these trenches?

18



CSE Terms & Definitions

CSE Terms & Definitions

19


Entry DefinitionEntry Definition

What is the OSHA definition of entry into a confined space?

Has this worker entered the confined space?

What potential hazards could compromise this worker’s safety?

20

OSHA 29 CFR 1910.146(b)


Confined Space PermittingConfined Space Permitting

All confined space entry on the North Slope requires a permit

Non-hazardous CSE = Unit Work Permit

Hazardous CSE = Confined Space Entry Permit

21

ASH, pages 60-62; 81-83BP ASH, pages 173-176; 105-108


Definition of a Hazardous Confined Space

Definition of a Hazardous Confined Space

Potential hazardous atmosphere, OR

Contains material with potential to engulf an entrant; OR

Has an internal configuration that could trap or cause asphyxiation; OR

Contains other recognized serious safety or health hazards.

22

ASH, page 84BP ASH, page109.

OSHA 29 CFR1910.146(b)


Hazardous Atmosphere DefinitionHazardous Atmosphere Definition

A hazardous atmosphere is one which may expose employees to the risk of:

death,

incapacitation (impairment of ability to self-rescue),

injury, or acute illness.

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Hazardous AtmosphereHazardous Atmosphere

Flammable gas, vapor, mist in excess of 10% of its LEL

Atmospheric oxygen concentration below 19.5% or above 23.5%

Toxics or hazardous substance in excess of the PEL

Any other atmospheric condition that is IDLH

24


EngulfmentEngulfment

Engulfment means the surrounding and effective capture of a person by a liquid or finely divided solid (flowable) substance that can be aspirated to cause death by filling or plugging the respiratory system or that can exert enough force on the body to cause death by strangulation, constriction, or crushing.

OSHA 29 CFR 1910.146 (b)

25


Internal ConfigurationInternal Configuration

A confined space with an internal configuration that could trap a worker or cause asphyxiation

26


Discussion QuestionsDiscussion Questions

What are the hazards for workers entering this

unit and the permit(s) they would need?

Is this oil-water separator a

confined space?

27



Six Steps for CSE Decision-making

Six Steps for CSE Decision-making

28


Six Steps for CSE Decision-makingSix Steps for CSE Decision-making

Step 1: Hazard Assessment

Step 2: Testing

Step 3: Permitting

Step 4: Isolating and Clearing the Space

Step 5: Work Activity/Monitoring

Step 6: Permit Closure and Documentation

29





30


Hazard AssessmentHazard Assessment

All hazards associated with a confined space must be identified to include:

The original contents of the space

The hazards associated with the work to be performed inside the space

Hazards outside the confined space that might affect those working inside

31


Task Hazard Analysis (THA)Task Hazard Analysis (THA)

Provides a company with a specific process or steps for:

Identifying known and potential hazards.

Identifying methods to reduce or eliminate them

Every company has different assessment forms known by different names (THA, JHA, JSA).

32


Sample THASample THA

This is the THA on the Confined Space Entry Permit

Refer to the ASH, page 81 and the BP ASH, page 105.

What are the five areas for hazard assessment?

33


Types of HazardsTypes of Hazards

Energy sources

Worker introduced hazards

Hazards due to internal configuration

Other hazards external to the confined space

34


Energy Sources: OSHA DefinitionEnergy Sources: OSHA Definition

Any source of electrical, mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, chemical, thermal or other energy.

OSHA 29 CFR 1910.147(b)

35


Energy Sources ExerciseEnergy Sources Exercise

Define the energy sources you or your team have been assigned and give examples of hazards associated with each.

Motion and Gravity Thermal & Pressurized Energy

Chemical & Biological Energy Worker Introduced Hazards

Radiation Hazards External to the Space

Electrical & Potential Energy Configuration of the Space

36


Energy of motion = kinetic energy in a body that is moving

Gravity = a force of attraction that pulls falling bodies to the earth and exerts a force on suspended bodies

Running machinery or equipment Lifting

Swinging or moving loads Rigging equipment

Moving vehicles or heavy equipment Materials suspended from a crane

Cutting actions Working at heights

Dropped tools

Motion and Gravity Motion and Gravity



37


Chemical & Biological EnergyChemical & Biological Energy

Chemical energy = toxicity, flammability, and other reactions that occur during contact with chemicals

Biological = organisms present in sanitation systems and production processes

Chemical transfers Molds and mildew

Flushing, neutralizing Bacteria in sewage

Paints, thinners Enzymes in production processes

Chemicals in piping Rodents

Biocides Insects

ASH, page 111BP ASH, page 126 BP ASH, page 127

38


Radioactive (non-ionizing) particles or waves that travel through a medium or space

Non-radioactive (ionizing) particles or waves that travel through a medium or space

X-ray Light

NORM Radio waves

Well logging Lasers & microwaves

Down-hole tools Welding


RadiationRadiation

39


Electrical energy is the flow of an electrical charge through a conductor

Potential energy is the energy that a body or system contains due to its position

Electrical panel Raised loads (bed on a dump truck)

Power lines Stuck valves

Heat trace Spring-operated valves

Power tools Seized machinery

Welding, bonding & ground cables


Electrical & Potential EnergyElectrical & Potential Energy

40


Produced by hot temperatures or systems

Produced by cold temperatures or systems

Hot process piping Compressed gas lines

Steam systems Ambient temperatures

Welding, open flames Liquid natural gas

Heat recovery systems Cryogenic liquids

Fired heaters


Thermal EnergyThermal Energy

41


Pressurized EnergyPressurized Energy

Air or gas under pressure creates pneumatic energy

Fluid under pressure creates hydraulic energy. Pressurized energy may be active, stored, or residual.

Pumping operations Accumulators

Gas pressure, pressure testing Hydraulic systems & hoses

Noise (sound pressure in decibels)Formation pressure in down-hole tools

Threaded connections


42


Worker Introduced HazardsWorker Introduced Hazards

Materials or equipment brought into the confined space

Hazards created by the work activity being conducted in the space

Check SDS for materials brought into the space

Noise from running equipment

Cleaning materials Fumes from welding and cutting

Adhesives, paints, solvents, thinners, epoxy

Dust (including silica) from sandblasting, grinding, sweeping

Un-bonded and/or ungrounded cleaning equipment (e.g. hoses)

Toxic, flammable vapors from tank cleaning

Electrical equipment/tools Dehydration or physical stress

Cords, tarps, and other trip hazards

43


Activities outside the confined space that create hazards for those working inside

Hazards outside the confined space that create distractions for the attendant or rescue team

Work on the exterior of the confined space

Traffic, equipment, and/or workers on other construction projects close to the confined space

Hot work, cutting, grinding

High noise levels or extreme weather

conditions

Placement of equipment generating fumes, gases or vapors that could be drawn into the space

Radiation (x-ray activity)

Hazards External to the SpaceHazards External to the Space

44


Internal features of the confined space that create hazards

Inadequate lighting and number of fixtures

Turning and/or exposed blades on equipment

Sloping or uneven surfaces; wet surfaces; small openings and crawl spaces

Ladders positioned in a tight place or a hole where the worker could fall to another level

Overhead piping, low ceilings, or overhanging roof

Ground-level or vertical piping, baffles

Internal Configuration Internal Configuration

45


Inspect tools and equipment before entering a confined space

Make sure tools and cords are undamaged

Plan ahead for securing tools when working at height

Attach whip-checks to hoses and cords

Inspect and replace respiratory and fall protection equipment before use

Make sure employees are properly trained in the use of respiratory and fall protection equipment

Provide drip-pans under equipment

Equipment & Tools Equipment & Tools

46


Slop Oil Tank RemodelSlop Oil Tank Remodel

What confined space hazards do you see?

47


Slop Oil Tank with Sand JetsSlop Oil Tank with Sand Jets

What confined space hazards do you see?

48



Step 2: Testing and Monitoring

Step 2: Testing and Monitoring

49


Atmospheric TestingAtmospheric Testing

When to sample? Prior to entry (from outside)

Continuously during entry

Prior to re-entry (from outside)

Where to sample?Top, middle, bottom

Why sample?Stratification, weights, mix

50

TOPTOP

MIDDLEMIDDLE

BOTTOMBOTTOM


StratificationStratification

METHANEMETHANE (lighter than air) CARBON MONOXIDE (slightly lighter than air)

HYDROGEN SULFIDE (heavier than air)51


Testing from Outside the SpaceTesting from Outside the Space

Test the atmosphere from outside the confined space through wall openings and roof hatches:

At the top of the space;

At intermediate points and in breathing zones;

Near floor and other low points (i.e., sumps).

Where liquids or sludge are present, samples should be taken within 6 inches of the surface in addition to the areas mentioned above.

52


Testing RequirementsTesting Requirements

Hazardous conditions can exist ANYWHERE at ANYTIME.

Always use a calibrated gas detection instrument.

Don’t rely only on your SENSES

Usually performed by the Safety Advisor (BP ASH) or Safety Personnel (ASH).

Must be trained in atmospheric testing.

53


Testing SequenceTesting Sequence

Why is it critical to perform the atmospheric test in the following sequence?

1.Test for oxygen content. A test for normal breathing air is 20.9%.

2.Test for flammable gases and vapors.

3.Test for toxic gases and vapors.


OSHA 29 CFR 1910.146, Appendix B (5)

54


Oxygen Deficient or Enriched Atmospheres

Oxygen Deficient or Enriched Atmospheres

An oxygen-deficient atmosphere has less than 19.5% O2 by volume.

An oxygen-enriched atmosphere has greater than 23.5% O2 by volume.

55

Deficient< 19.5%

Normal20.9%

Enriched> 23.5%


Range of O2 LevelsRange of O2 Levels

Normal level

Do not enter above 23.5% because an oxygen-enriched atmosphere may trigger an explosion. Check before assuming that readings between 20.9% and 23.5% are safe levels.

Below19.5%., an air supply will be required if entry is permitted.

Significant physical impairment, loss of coordination, slurring of

speech, impaired judgment

Below 10%, nausea, vomiting, death

23%

21%

19%

15%

10%56


Causes of an Oxygen-Deficient Atmosphere

Causes of an Oxygen-Deficient Atmosphere

Displacement by gases used during the inerting process (carbon dioxide, nitrogen, argon)

Chemical exposure to gases which reduce or stop the body’s ability to use oxygen (oxidation due to rusting and corrosion; decaying organic matter)

Aerobic bacteria have used up the oxygen

57


Causes of an Oxygen-Enriched Atmosphere

Causes of an Oxygen-Enriched Atmosphere

Leaking oxygen supply such as welding equipment

Chemical action of oxidizers or organic peroxides

58


Fire TetrahedronFire Tetrahedron

What four components have to be present in order to support combustion?

How do they work together to cause a fire and keep it going?

How does the fire tetrahedron help us assess fire hazards?

59


Oxygen LevelsOxygen Levels

An oxygen level above 23.5% causes flammable and combustible materials to burn violently when ignited.

Hair, clothing, materials, etc.

Oil soaked clothing and materials

Never use pure oxygen to ventilate.

Never store or place compressed tanks in a confined space.

60


Causes of Flammable Atmospheres in Confined Spaces

Causes of Flammable Atmospheres in Confined Spaces

Inadequate isolation of the space from combustible or flammable material sources

Insufficient draining of flammable liquids

Insufficient ventilation and/or purging

Production of gases from bacterial action (methane)

Gas leaking into the confined space from outside

Other worker-induced chemicals (cleaners, paints)

61


FlammabilityFlammability

The ability to ignite or burn is measured in percent (%) of LEL.

What is the definition of LEL?

The flammable range is between the LEL and UEL. Within this range, a gas will form a flammable mixture with the air.

What is the definition of UEL?

62


Flammability RangeFlammability Range

LEL= 5.0%

UEL= 15%

Too Rich

Too Lean

Flammable Range

Example: (Natural Gas)

Methane (CH4)

63


Testing for FlammablesTesting for Flammables

Flammable gas, vapor, or mist in excess of 10% (>10%) of its LEL

Airborne combustible dust in a concentration that meets or exceeds its LEL

Flammable vapors must be less than 50% LEL to completely remove a hatch or man-way in a facility.

64

ASH, page 85; 97BP ASH, page 110; 117


What Are Toxic Contaminants?What Are Toxic Contaminants?

Toxic contaminants are poisons.

A toxic contaminant may be any substance which has the potential to:

Cause death

Incapacitation

Injury

Illness

65


Exposure Limits for Toxic Contaminants

Exposure Limits for Toxic Contaminants

PEL OSHA8 hours per day or 40 hours per week; adjust for 10–12 hr. shifts

TLV-TWA

ACGIH8 hours per day or 40 hours per week; adjust for 10–12 hr. shifts

STELOSHAACGIH

15 minutes, maximum; 4 times per day for each exposure; must be separated by an hour

IDLH NIOSH Air supplied respirator

REMEMBER to read the SDS first.66


Examples of Toxic ContaminantsExamples of Toxic Contaminants

Permissible exposure limits (PEL) for some common toxic contaminants

Hydrogen Sulfide 10 ppm (AKOSH)

Carbon Monoxide 35ppm (AKOSH)

Inert or nuisance dust 5mg/m3 (OSHA)

Benzene 1ppm (OSHA)

Sulfur Dioxide 2ppm (AKOSH)

Welding Fumes 5mg/m3 (AKOSH)

67


Overexposure: Acute SymptomsOverexposure: Acute Symptoms

Acute symptoms occur rapidly over a short period of time.

Eye, ear, throat and/or skin irritation

Dizziness

Headache or “light-headed” feeling

Shortness of breath-difficult breathing

Unconsciousness

REMEMBER to read the SDS first.

68


Overexposure: Chronic SymptomsOverexposure: Chronic Symptoms

Chronic symptoms occur slowly over a long period of time.

Lung damage

Liver disease

Kidney disease

Disorders of the Central Nervous System (CNS)

Cancer

REMEMBER to read the SDS first.

69



Step 3: PermittingStep 3: Permitting

70


Why Have a Permit?Why Have a Permit?

ALLOWS and CONTROLS ENTRY into a space that may cause death or serious injuries to workers.

Ensures employees can SAFELY ENTER INTO and WORK WITHIN the space.

Ensures coordination and cooperation and safety of workers between other projects.

By law, company programs cannot fall below OSHA requirements, but they can exceed them.

71


Permit InitiationPermit Initiation

2010 ASH: Permits may be initiated by anyone and will be issued at the appropriate Control Room or other designated location.

BP CSE Permit Guideline Procedure: Permits are initiated by the Performing Authority and will be issued at the job site with a copy posted in the Control Room.

72

ASH, page 85BP CSE Guideline Procedure UPS-US-AK-ALL-ALL-HSE-DOC-01987


Confined Space vs. Hazardous Confined Space

Confined Space vs. Hazardous Confined Space

Confined Space Definition Hazardous Confined SpaceLarge enough and configured so workers can bodily enter and perform assigned work, AND Same as Confined Space

Has limited or restricted means for entry and exit, AND Same as Confined Space

Is not designed for continuous employee occupancy Same as Confined Space

AND, has one or more of the following:

Contains or has the potential to contain a hazardous atmosphere, OR

Contains material that has the potential to engulf the entrant, OR

Has an internal configuration such that the entrant could be asphyxiated by inwardly converging walls or a floor that slopes downward and tapers to a smaller cross-section, OR

Contains any other recognized serious safety or health hazardASH, page 84-85

BP ASH, pages 109-110

73


OSHA and ASH Permit RequirementsOSHA and ASH Permit Requirements

Any worker, who works under the guidance of the Alaska Safety Handbook (ASH), will be issued a permit prior to start of work and will work according to the permit instructions.

Workers in a non-hazardous confined space will be issued, at a minimum, a Unit Permit, and possible additional permits depending on other work in progress.

74

ASH, pages 54, 63, and 84BP ASH, pages 88, and109


Unit Work PermitUnit Work Permit

Non-Hazardous

Confined Space Entry

Requires a

Unit Work Permit

REMEMBER: Any work requires a

permit (i.e., a project can consist

of multiple tasks needing various

types of permits) ASH, pages 63 and 84 BP ASH, pages 109 and 177

75


Confined Space Entry PermitConfined Space Entry Permit

Hazardous


Requires a Confined Space Entry Permit

REMEMBER: Any work requires a permit. The CSE Permit does not always authorize work to begin. It will need to be accompanied by other permits. ASH, pages 81–88

BP ASH, pages 105-118

76


Hot Work PermitHot Work Permit

Depending on the work activities, a Hot Work Permit may be required.

ASH, page 86, #1BP ASH, page 111, #1

77


Process Opening/Blinding PermitProcess Opening/Blinding Permit

Depending on the work activities, a Process Opening and Blinding Permit may be required. Remember that BP uses a Breaking Containment Permit (BP) for this process.

ASH, pages 119–127BP ASH, pages 95-104

78


Chemical Storage TankChemical Storage Tank

What permit will be required to enter this tank? Explain.

79


Spaces Under a TankSpaces Under a Tank

What permit will be required to enter this tank? Explain.

80


Pressure VesselPressure Vessel

What permit will be required to enter this vessel?

Explain.

81





82


Isolating the Confined SpaceIsolating the Confined Space

EI Methods Approved for CSE

Lockout/tagout (electrical equipment)

Disconnect/misalign (pipes)

Blinding (pipes)

EI Methods Not Approved for CSE

Single valve isolation

Double block and bleed (DBB)

83

ASH, pages 87; 124-125BP ASH, pages 111, #4; 102


Review the ASH StandardsReview the ASH Standards

Energy Isolation Standard

2010 ASH, pages 101–121

2010 BP ASH, pages 126 –143

Process Opening and Blinding Standard (Breaking Containment Policy – BP)

2010 ASH, pages 122–127

2010 BP ASH, pages 99–104

84


Preparation for Clearing the SpacePreparation for Clearing the Space

Prior to opening a vent/hole/pipe into a confined space,

Read the SDS on the substance to determine what, if any, PPE (clothing) is required.

Conduct atmospheric monitoring for respiratory and flammable hazards

85


Clearing the SpaceClearing the Space

Clean substances contained within the space by working from outside the space.

Inert, purge and ventilate the air to remove flammable and atmospheric hazards.

Conduct atmospheric testing inside the space prior to entry.

Clean vessels, tanks, piping by water washing, flushing, or steaming.

86

ASH, pages 86–88BP ASH, pages 111-112


Inerting and PurgingInerting and Purging

Inerting involves removing oxygen from a confined space by using an inert gas (nitrogen, CO2, or argon) so the atmosphere is no longer within flammable limits (oxygen deficient).

Purging involves removing contaminants inside the confined space by displacement with air, another gas or vapor to achieve acceptable atmospheric levels.

87


VentilationVentilation

ASH, page 87, # 6BP ASH, page 111, #6

88



Ventilation means the continuous provision of fresh air into the confined space by mechanical means to maintain acceptable atmospheric levels.

89



Natural ventilation is unreliable and uncontrollable.

Mechanical ventilation must:be grounded and bonded.

not prevent egress from the confined space.

not introduce toxic contaminants.

MethodsPositive Pressure: Forced air

Negative Pressure: Exhaust air

Combination of positive and negativeASH, page 88, #8

BP ASH, page 112 #8

90


Positive Pressure VentilationPositive Pressure Ventilation

Pushes / forces air into the confined space

Air exits the CS “naturally”

Air must be exchanged on a regular schedule determined by a complete and accurate atmosphere evaluation by qualified personnel

How effective is positive pressure ventilation?

91


Negative Pressure VentilationNegative Pressure Ventilation

Pulls air from the confined space

Pulls contaminants across fan and motor, which may require decontamination

Equipment must be certified intrinsically safe if removing flammable contaminant

How effective is negative pressure ventilation?

92


Positive-Negative VentilationPositive-Negative Ventilation

93


ChannelingChanneling

During ventilation, air is channeled in a defined pathway which can create danger zones where the air is still hazardous.

94


Ventilation Example – Slug CatcherVentilation Example – Slug Catcher

95



Step 5: Work Activity


96


Pre-Job Safety PlanPre-Job Safety Plan

Establishes a structure or outline by which the employer or contractor defines how safety will be managed

Provides a mechanism by which the hazard exposures and the duties of all those involved can be specifically defined

Always refer to the company site-specific plan prior to entry into a confined space

97


CSE Entry TeamCSE Entry Team

Confined Space Entry Team

Entry Supervisor

Authorized Entrant

Attendant

98

ASH, pages 91-97;BP ASH, pages 112-116


CSE Entry Team ExerciseCSE Entry Team Exercise

You will work in one of 3 groups to look up the responsibilities of the CSE team member you have been assigned.

Answer the questions on the CSE Entry Team Responsibilities Handout and report back.

99



Group 1:Entry SupervisorGroup 1:Entry Supervisor

ASH, pages 93-94;BP ASH, pages 114

100


Group 1: Entry SupervisorGroup 1: Entry Supervisor

What duties does the Entry Supervisor perform related to:

Hazard assessment?

Communication with Entry Team?

The permit(s) for the work is being completed?

Communication with unauthorized persons?

Monitoring the work?

Rescue Services?

The end of the shift or completion of work?

101



Group 2: Authorized EntrantGroup 2: Authorized Entrant

ASH, pages 94;BP ASH, pages 115

102


Group 2: Authorized EntrantGroup 2: Authorized Entrant

What duties does the Authorized Entrant perform related to:

Energy isolation?

Hazard assessment and testing?

The permit(s) under which the work is being completed?

Personal protective equipment?


The end of the shift or completion of work?

103

ASH, pages 94-95;BP ASH, pages 115


Group 3: AttendantGroup 3: Attendant


104


Group 3: AttendantGroup 3: Attendant

What is the primary function of the Attendant?

What duties does the Attendant perform related to:

Hazard assessment and monitoring?

The permit under which the work is being completed?

Recordkeeping?


Unauthorized persons?

Rescue services?

105

ASH, pages 95;BP ASH, pages 115-116


Other Personnel ResponsibilitiesOther Personnel Responsibilities

Unit Operator/Issuing Authority

Control Room Operator, Drillsite or Wellpad Operator

Area Authority

Company Safety Personnel

ASH, pages 91-92;96BP ASH, pages 112-113;116

106


Rescue Services / RescuerRescue Services / Rescuer

107


Rescue PlanningRescue Planning

Has the Fire Department evaluated the space for rescue planning?

How soon can the nearest rescue team respond to an emergency?

Will we need an on-site standby rescue team?

Are members of the entry team prepared to self-rescue?

Is equipment available for non-entry rescue?

108

Tripod Rescue System


Rescue Team MembersRescue Team Members

Rescue Team members have been trained in:

the specific type of space they will have to enter.

authorized Entrant training.

the use of PPE required for rescue.

the use of specialized rescue equipment.

actual entry rescue training every 12 months.

basic First Aid and CPR.

109

ASH page 88, #10





110


Permit Duration and Close-outPermit Duration and Close-out

Permits will be in effect until the job is completed but will not extend past the end of the shift during which they were issued.

If a change in any conditions listed on the permit results in unacceptable conditions, work must cease, the permit is invalid, and must be re-issued.

111

ASH, page 98, #1-2BP ASH, page 117, #1-2


Permit Duration and Close-outPermit Duration and Close-out

If the Entrant, Attendant, or Entry Supervisor perceive an abnormality (work, worker behavior, outside influences, etc.), regarding the confined space, evacuation is initiated, work ceases, and the permit becomes invalid and must be reissued.

If rescue or emergency services become unavailable, all work in the space is suspended and occupants evacuate.

112

ASH, page 98, #2 & 4;BP ASH, pages 117-118, #2 & 4


General Permitting RulesGeneral Permitting Rules

Any individual may invalidate a work permit at any time if they consider the conditions or work methods to be unsafe.

The Issuing Authority will address the concern, inspect the work site, and decide whether the permit should be revalidated.

113

ASH, page 55, #2 & 4;BP ASH, page 90, #2 & 4


DocumentationDocumentation

All Confined Space Entry Permits MUST be officially closed out by the signature of the Entry Supervisor or their designee on the permit.

Any problems encountered during an entry operation shall be noted on the permit so that appropriate revisions can be made to the permit.

114

ASH, page 57, #11; BP AHS, page 92, #13


DocumentationDocumentation

The “copy of record” of all permits shall be retained for a period of time as specified by company policy.

OSHA requires an annual review of a company’s confined space program.

115

ASH, page 57, #12;BP ASH, page 92, #13

OSHA 29 CFR 1910.146(e)(6)


SummarySummary

Prior to entry – evaluate and eliminate hazards

Remaining hazards – test, assess and control

Structure work and personnel according to plans and procedures

Work to appropriate permits

Know how to respond to emergencies

Finalize the work – close permits and document

116


CSE Exercises 1–4CSE Exercises 1–4

Instructions: Working in small groups, answer the following questions for your assigned exercise.

Is this a confined space? Why?

What kind of permits are required?

What are the potential hazards?

How would you isolate and clear the area?

What kind of emergencies would you anticipate and what procedures would you follow?

117


Exercise 1: Cleaning a SumpExercise 1: Cleaning a Sump

118


Exercise 2: Installation and InspectionExercise 2: Installation and Inspection

119


Exercise 3: Well Casing Removal Exercise 3: Well Casing Removal

Cemented Well Bore

Excavation below ground level

Cut line

120


Exercise 4: Weld InspectionExercise 4: Weld Inspection

Blind 1/4 mile upstream

QA/QC inspectors entrance point

Bleed Points

Roadway

Blind

48” pipe

121


Review: Six Steps for CSE Decision-making

Review: Six Steps for CSE Decision-making


Step 2: Testing/Monitoring

Step 3: Permitting




122





Course No. NSTC-17Revised: February 2012

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