104 As Novogrodsky and Katchlaski indicate, an attractive assumption is that sodium periodate chemically modifies the lymphocyte membrane as the primary action in the induction of lymphocyte transformation. It is tempting to speculate that the chemical reaction is an oxidation of membrane substances, and our preliminary (unpublished) work indicates that this is so. The observation that non- blastogenic reducing agents enhance the blastogenic activity of P.H.A. and antiglobulin antisera 10 further sug- gests that the mechanism of action of periodate is different from that of these agents. We are intrigued by the results we have obtained to date, and believe that the study of a chemically defined mitogen which can be readily removed from the medium after a brief triggering of the lympho- cyte should add to our understanding of the early events in lymphocyte transformation. This work was supported by grants from the Council for Tobacco Research, U.S.A., and the John A. Hartford Foundation. JOHN W. PARKER RICHARD L. O’BRIEN ROBERT J. LUKES JOAN STEINER. Department of Pathology, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90033, U.S.A 10. Fanger, M. W., Hart, P. A., Wells, J. V., Nisonoff, A. J. Immun. 1970, 105, 1043. Obituary THOMAS IVOR HUGHES F.R.C.S., F.R.C.O.G. Mr. Ivor Hughes, emeritus gynaecological surgeon to the Middlesex Hospital, London, died on Dec. 25 at the age of 70. He was born at Tredegar in 1901 and received his medical education at Bristol University, qualifying in 1927. After resident appointments at Bristol he became resident medical officer at Queen Charlotte’s Maternity Hospital, London. In 1930 he began, as resident medical officer, his long association with the Hospital for Women, Soho Square; this association was to continue almost without interruption until his retirement. He became registrar in 1932 and was registrar and pathologist from 1933 to 1940, when the hospital closed for a few months. During the 1939-45 war he served in the E.M.S., and resumed his registrar and emergency duties at Soho as soon as the hospital reopened. He was appointed to the consultant staff in 1946. Prior to this he had been consultant gynecologist at St. Mary Abbot’s Hospital and consultant obstetrician to the Boroughs of St. Pancras, Islington, and Wandsworth. He joined the staff of the Middlesex Hospital when the Hospital for Women became associated with the Middlesex in 1948. Later he was appointed consultant to Teddington Hospital and to Willesden General Hospital. He retired from his hospital appointments in 1967. He is survived by his wife and their daughter. A colleague writes: " During his successful career, Ivor Hughes came to be known as a man who was skilled and meticulous in his work and considerate and kind to his patients, friends, and colleagues. He had a great gift in his ability to deal with people and to make friends in all walks of life ; he was a good teacher and took great pains in training his juniors. " He was a very keen and competent golfer, and an ardent supporter of the Middlesex Hospital Golfing Society. After his retirement he lived in Spain, where he had built his home on a golf course. ’ ’Tish’ will be remembered - with affection, respect, and gratitude by a great many." Notes and News NEW YEAR HONOURS THE honours awarded to members of the medical pro- fession in the list published on Jan. 1 include: K.C. V. 0. James Cecil Hogg, aurist to H.M. the Queen and consultant surgeon, E.N.T. department, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital and the Royal National Throat, Nose, and Ear Hospital, London; Peter James Kerley, consultant radiologist, Westminster Hospital, the National Heart Hospital, King Edward VII Sanatorium, Midhurst, and the Ministry of Aviation. K.B.E. (Military) Air Marshal Ernest Shaw Sidey. Knights Bachelor Geoffrey Hirst Bateman, formerly surgeon to the E.N.T. department, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London; John Howie Flint Brotherston, chief medical officer, Scottish Home and Health Department; Martin Roth, professor of psychological medicine, University of Newcastle upon Tyne; Leckraz Teelock, High Commissioner for Mauritius in London; Thomas A’Beckett Travers, ophthalmologist, Royal Melbourne Hospital; Clive Wentworth Uhr, for services to medicine and the community in Queensland. C.B. (Military) Major-General Derek George Levis. C.M.G. Stanley Hains Lovell, for services to surgery in New South Wales. C.B.E. (Civil) Thomas Anderson; Ronald Witham Elliott; George Kerneth McKee; David James Waterston. O.B.E. (Military) Acting Group Captain John George Donald; Surgeon Com- mander Francis Michael Kinsman. O.B.E. (Civil) David William Barkham; Neil Colquhoun Begg; Andrew Charles Blair; William Donald Victor Burton; Chandulal Churai; Ivan Reginald Clout; Samuel Rutherford Fee; George William Johnson Hawbrook; Alexander Skeffington Johnson; David John Lancaster; Lincoln Abraham Radix; Basil Crandles Smith Slater; William Leslie Francis Utley. Honours awarded to people outside the medical pro- fession include: C.H. Sir Peter Medawar, F.R.S., formerly director, National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London. D.C.B. (Civil) Mildred Riddelsdell, second permanent secretary, Department of Health and Social Security. C.B.E. (Civil) Frank Daniel Sidney Waterton, assistant secretary, Depart- ment of Health and Social Security. O.B.E. (Civil) Harold Miller, chief physicist, Sheffield Regional Hospital Board; Elsie Clare Nimmo Winnicott, formerly director of child-care studies, Department of Health and Social Securitv. CHAIR OF NURSING STUDIES Edinburgh University is the first in the United King- dom to have established a chair of nursing studies. A nursing studies unit was set up in the university in 1956 with support from the Rockefeller Foundation, and the university later assumed full responsibility for the unit. which was granted departmental status in 1965. Th: department offers a 4;-year undergraduate course leading to the B.se. (soc.sc.-nursing) degree and registration with the General Nursing Council for Scotland. While nursing is the principal subject studied for this degree, studeri" also have a wide choice of other elective subjects in the social science, arts, and science faculties; practical m;rs_n=
Transcript
104
As Novogrodsky and Katchlaski indicate, an attractiveassumption is that sodium periodate chemically modifiesthe lymphocyte membrane as the primary action in theinduction of lymphocyte transformation. It is temptingto speculate that the chemical reaction is an oxidation ofmembrane substances, and our preliminary (unpublished)work indicates that this is so. The observation that non-blastogenic reducing agents enhance the blastogenicactivity of P.H.A. and antiglobulin antisera 10 further sug-gests that the mechanism of action of periodate is differentfrom that of these agents. We are intrigued by the resultswe have obtained to date, and believe that the study of achemically defined mitogen which can be readily removedfrom the medium after a brief triggering of the lympho-cyte should add to our understanding of the early eventsin lymphocyte transformation.
This work was supported by grants from the Council forTobacco Research, U.S.A., and the John A. Hartford Foundation.
JOHN W. PARKERRICHARD L. O’BRIENROBERT J. LUKESJOAN STEINER.
Department of Pathology,University of Southern California
School of Medicine,Los Angeles, California 90033, U.S.A
10. Fanger, M. W., Hart, P. A., Wells, J. V., Nisonoff, A. J. Immun.1970, 105, 1043.
Obituary
THOMAS IVOR HUGHESF.R.C.S., F.R.C.O.G.
Mr. Ivor Hughes, emeritus gynaecological surgeonto the Middlesex Hospital, London, died on Dec. 25at the age of 70.
He was born at Tredegar in 1901 and received his medicaleducation at Bristol University, qualifying in 1927. Afterresident appointments at Bristol he became resident medicalofficer at Queen Charlotte’s Maternity Hospital, London.In 1930 he began, as resident medical officer, his longassociation with the Hospital for Women, Soho Square;this association was to continue almost without interruptionuntil his retirement. He became registrar in 1932 and wasregistrar and pathologist from 1933 to 1940, when thehospital closed for a few months. During the 1939-45 warhe served in the E.M.S., and resumed his registrar andemergency duties at Soho as soon as the hospital reopened.He was appointed to the consultant staff in 1946. Prior tothis he had been consultant gynecologist at St. MaryAbbot’s Hospital and consultant obstetrician to the
Boroughs of St. Pancras, Islington, and Wandsworth.He joined the staff of the Middlesex Hospital when theHospital for Women became associated with the Middlesexin 1948. Later he was appointed consultant to TeddingtonHospital and to Willesden General Hospital. He retiredfrom his hospital appointments in 1967.He is survived by his wife and their daughter.A colleague writes:
" During his successful career, Ivor Hughes came tobe known as a man who was skilled and meticulous in hiswork and considerate and kind to his patients, friends, andcolleagues. He had a great gift in his ability to deal withpeople and to make friends in all walks of life ; he was a
good teacher and took great pains in training his juniors." He was a very keen and competent golfer, and an
ardent supporter of the Middlesex Hospital Golfing Society.After his retirement he lived in Spain, where he had builthis home on a golf course. ’ ’Tish’ will be remembered- with affection, respect, and gratitude by a great many."
Notes and News
NEW YEAR HONOURS
THE honours awarded to members of the medical pro-fession in the list published on Jan. 1 include:
K.C. V. 0.
James Cecil Hogg, aurist to H.M. the Queen and consultantsurgeon, E.N.T. department, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital and theRoyal National Throat, Nose, and Ear Hospital, London; Peter
James Kerley, consultant radiologist, Westminster Hospital,the National Heart Hospital, King Edward VII Sanatorium,Midhurst, and the Ministry of Aviation.K.B.E. (Military)
Air Marshal Ernest Shaw Sidey.Knights Bachelor
Geoffrey Hirst Bateman, formerly surgeon to the E.N.T.
department, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London; John Howie FlintBrotherston, chief medical officer, Scottish Home and HealthDepartment; Martin Roth, professor of psychological medicine,University of Newcastle upon Tyne; Leckraz Teelock, HighCommissioner for Mauritius in London; Thomas A’BeckettTravers, ophthalmologist, Royal Melbourne Hospital; CliveWentworth Uhr, for services to medicine and the community inQueensland.C.B. (Military)
Major-General Derek George Levis.C.M.G.
Stanley Hains Lovell, for services to surgery in New SouthWales.
C.B.E. (Civil)Thomas Anderson; Ronald Witham Elliott; George Kerneth
McKee; David James Waterston.O.B.E. (Military)
Acting Group Captain John George Donald; Surgeon Com-mander Francis Michael Kinsman.
O.B.E. (Civil)David William Barkham; Neil Colquhoun Begg; Andrew
Charles Blair; William Donald Victor Burton; Chandulal Churai;Ivan Reginald Clout; Samuel Rutherford Fee; George WilliamJohnson Hawbrook; Alexander Skeffington Johnson; David
John Lancaster; Lincoln Abraham Radix; Basil CrandlesSmith Slater; William Leslie Francis Utley.
Honours awarded to people outside the medical pro-fession include:
C.H.Sir Peter Medawar, F.R.S., formerly director, National Institute
for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London.D.C.B. (Civil)
Mildred Riddelsdell, second permanent secretary, Departmentof Health and Social Security.C.B.E. (Civil)
Frank Daniel Sidney Waterton, assistant secretary, Depart-ment of Health and Social Security.O.B.E. (Civil)Harold Miller, chief physicist, Sheffield Regional Hospital
Board; Elsie Clare Nimmo Winnicott, formerly director ofchild-care studies, Department of Health and Social Securitv.
CHAIR OF NURSING STUDIES
Edinburgh University is the first in the United King-dom to have established a chair of nursing studies. A
nursing studies unit was set up in the university in 1956with support from the Rockefeller Foundation, and theuniversity later assumed full responsibility for the unit.which was granted departmental status in 1965. Th:
department offers a 4;-year undergraduate course leadingto the B.se. (soc.sc.-nursing) degree and registration withthe General Nursing Council for Scotland. While nursingis the principal subject studied for this degree, studeri"also have a wide choice of other elective subjects in thesocial science, arts, and science faculties; practical m;rs_n=
105
experience is gained during part of some vacations and inthe last 18 months of the course. For registered nursesthere is a 2-year course leading in the first place to thecertificate or diploma in nursing studies (education),and possibly to a B.SC. (soc.sc.) degree after a further 2years. A 1-year course is also available to registerednurses for the certificate (or diploma) in nursing studies(administration). The department has a research unit,which was set up in October, 1971, with a grant from theScottish Home and Health Department. A senior lecturerin nursing research was appointed as head of the unit,and research workers will carry out applied research
projects with special reference to the needs of the NationalHealth Service in Scotland. Several nurses have been
granted 2-year trainee fellowships in the department. Itis the aim of the department to attract those with university-entrance qualifications, and graduates, into nursing, andit is hoped that the establishment of the chair will encouragea closer liaison between nurses working in service and thosein academic settings. Dr. Margaret Scott-Wright has beenappointed to the new chair.
ADVICE FOR THE ELDERLY
IN the United Kingdom 42% of people over the age of65 live with a son or daughter, and less than 5% live inhospitals, homes, or other institutions; the rest liveindependently. It is clear, therefore, that, on the whole,British families are willing to accept responsibility for theirelderly members, but, as a new B.B.C. handbook for theelderly points out, it is not necessarily a good thing forold people to relinquish their independence. They are, infact, more likely to remain healthy and active and to retainan interest in life if they can continue to live in their ownhomes. The emphasis in the booklet is on helping oldpeople to keep their independence, but it also offers adviceto those who decide to live with their children or in homes.Information and advice are given on a wide range of topics,including alterations to make the home safe for old people,gadgets to make chores easier for them, the servicesavailable to old people (home helps, chiropody, meals-on-wheels), recreational and educational activities, employ-ment, help in emergencies, nutrition in old age and generalhealth care, including confusion and incontinence, andfinance for the retired. The booklet is clearly written andprovides a useful guide to the many procedures necessaryin applying for various benefits and services. It is publishedin conjunction with a television series which is to be firstbroadcast on B.B.C.-2 on Mondays at 7.05 P.M. fromJan. 10 to Feb. 7.
CHILDREN IN TROUBLE
THE Secretary of State for Social Services has issued aguide to help regional planning committees in their taskof providing treatment for children in trouble under theChildren and Young Persons Act of 1969. Courts may nowattach to supervision orders a special requirement aboutintermediate treatment. It is hoped that the Act will openup to probation officers and local authorities a range offacilities which will offer real opportunities of helpingchildren in trouble by new methods. It will be entirely atthe discretion of the supervisor to decide what treatmentwould best help an individual child. Approved activitiesinclude vocational and remedial education, adventuretraining, physical education, amateur dramatics, arts andcrafts, and community or social service projects. The basic
1. Seventy Plus. A Handbook on Easier Living for the Elderly. ByRUTH BRANDON. B.B.C. Publications, 35 Marylebone High Street,London W1M 4AA. 30p.
2 Intermediate Treatment: A Guide for the Regional Planning ofNew Forms of Treatment for Children in Trouble. H.M.
Stationery Office, 29p.
aims of intermediate treatment are to develop new relation-ships and new interests which will help young people introuble to adjust to society.
DESIGN OF CLINICAL TRIALS IN FAMILY PLANNING
ALTHOUGH oral contraceptives have now been in use fortwo decades and their importance as a means of populationcontrol is undoubted, clinical trials of the various prepara-tions have so far yielded disappointingly little of scientificvalue. One reason has been the fact that the methodologyof clinical trials has been developed predominantly inareas remote from family planning, so that workers havehad little opportunity to become familiar with principlesand methods which have become standard elsewhere.To help overcome this barrier, the World Health Organi-
sation has run training courses primarily for doctors con-cerned with family planning in developing countries. Thesecond such course was held in Tehran on Dec. 10-20.
Thirty-four participants came from ten countries in EasternEurope, the Mediterranean region, Asia, and Australasia.The six tutors came from the U.S.A., the United Kingdom,Australia, and W.H.O. headquarters. Seminars and dis-cussions covered all stages of the development of contracep-tive agents and devices, from preclinical testing to the large-scale introduction of a method into a particular country, andthe study of efficacy, acceptance, and unwanted effects. Theparticipants seemed to derive special benefit from thedetailed discussion of clinical-trial design, the use of life-table methods, the latest developments in reproductivephysiology, and the mechanisms of action of contraceptives.The course was appropriately held in Iran, which is one
of several countries with a rapidly expanding programme ofresearch in family planning, and this enabled many Iranianworkers to participate, which they did with enthusiasm.The initiative of W.H.O. in arranging the course is a signof greater international concern with the evaluation of
drugs.
N.H.S. MANPOWER
THE National Health Service is one of Britain’s largestemployers of manpower. In 1970 the total labour force inall branches of the N.H. S. in England, Wales, and Scotlandwas about a million, as follows:
* Whole-time equivalents. t England and Wales only. 1969.
1. Department of Health and Social Security. Digest of HealthStatistics for England and Wales (with summary tables for GreatBritain) 1971. H.M. Stationery Office. £1.85.
106
University of AberdeenDr. R. N. Walmsley has been appointed senior lecturer
in chemical pathology and Dr. D. R. Abramovich has beenappointed senior lecturer in obstetrics and gynaecology.
Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of GlasgowProf. E. M. McGirr has been appointed president and
Dr. T. J. Thompson hon. secretary.
Royal College of PathologistsThe following have been admitted to the membership:H. 0. Adewoye, J. Alaghband-Zadeh, H. H. Al-Nousairy, T. J.
Anderson, Jeanne Arno, C. J. T. Bateman, Joy I. Blair, Pamela Day,G. R. Doran, Rasikbala J. Doshi, K. H. Du Plessis, N. G. Flanagan,M. Hughes, Margaret McP. Hutton, J. Jacques, M. S. Kearney, S. U.Khaliq, R. R. Khaund, J. J. Layton, D. G. MacDonald, A. M. R.Mackenzie, A. Mahmood, C. P. Mayers, N. J. Mitchell, T. R. Mitchell,H. M. Myat, P. Noone, R. N. Peel, A. B. Price, Ilanga Ranjani Samara-tunga, M. J. Sworn, H. B. Tavadia, P. G. Toner.
Committee on the Working of the Abortion ActThe committee (chairman, Hon. Mrs. Justice Lane)
are sending a questionary to hospital authorities in orderto obtain essential information from gynaecologists andother staff on the working of the Abortion Act.
Medicines CommissionLord Rosenheim has been appointed chairman in succes-
sion to Sir Derrick Dunlop, who retired on Dec. 31.The vacancy on the Medicines Commission created bySir Derrick’s retirement has been filled by the appointmentof Prof. G. M. Wilson.
Control of ObesityA series of lectures on the latest developments in the
control of obesity will be given next week by Prof. WilliamH. Sebrell, Jr., former Assistant Surgeon General of theUnited States and Director of the Institute of HumanNutrition at Columbia University College of Physiciansand Surgeons. The lectures, which have been arranged bythe British Nutrition Foundation in conjunction with theWeight Watchers Organisation, will take place as follows:Monday, Jan. 10, Davidson Lecture Theatre, Lister Post
Graduate Building, University of Edinburgh Medical School, at8 P.M. (for general practitioners, nutritionists, dieticians, andmedical officers of health).
Tuesday, Jan. 11, Royal Institution, Albemarle Street, W.1,at 3 P.M. (for nutritionists, dieticians, biochemists, physiologists);and at 8.30 P.M. (for general practitioners, medical specialists,medical officers of health).
Further information may be had from the Information Officer,1-2 Thames Street, Windsor, Berks. Telephone: Windsor (95)52221.
Legal Rights of Unborn ChildThe Victoria State full court has granted an application
for leave to appeal to the Privy Council against the court’sdecision that a child injured in utero was entitled to damagesfor injuries sustained in a car accident before the child wasborn (see Lancet, Dec. 25, p. 1434).
ProstaglandinsAn international conference on prostaglandins is to be
held in Vienna on Sept. 25-28. Details may be had fromthe’conference secretary, Dr. med. S. Bernhard, ScientificRelations, Schering AG, Miillerstrasse 170/172, 1 Berlin 65,Germany.
Dr. Lee Kok Ching has been elected president for 1972 of thAssociation of Physicians of Malaysia.
CORRIGENDUM: In the obituary of Geoffrey Wingfield Harris(Dec. 11., p. 1328), Professor Harris’s Christian name wasunfortunately given in the heading as George.
Diary of the Week
JANUARY 9 TO 15
Tuesday, llthLONDON MEDICAL GROUP
5.45 P.M. (The London Hospital, E.1.) Dr. C. M. Parkes: Bereave-ment.
MANCESTER MEDICAL SOCIETY8 P.M. (Brunswick Street.) Surgery. Mr. L. R. McLaren, Dr. R. S.
Pointon: Cancer of the Mouth-Radiotherapy, Repair, andReconstruction.
Wednesday, 12thINSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH, 30 Guilford Street, London W.C.l.
5.30 P.M. Dr. Israel Kolvin: Research into Speech Retardation.INSTITUTE OF DISEASES OF THE CHEST, Brompton, London S.W.3.
5 P.M. Dr. K. M. Citron: Immunity Deficiency in RespiratoryDisease.
INSTITUTE OF UROLOGY, 172 Shaftesbury Avenue, London W.C.2.5 P.M. Mr. A. W. Badenoch: The Symptomatology of Urinary Tract
Disease.MANCHESTER MEDICAL SOCIETY
5 P.M. (Medical School.) Medicine and Pathology. Prof. P. B. Beeson:Studies on the Mechanism of Eosinophilia.
Thursday, 13thROYAL SOCIETY OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE, Manson House,
26 Portland Place, London WIN 4EY.6 P.M. Dr. F. E. Russell: Snake Bite and its Treatment.
MANCHESTER MEDICAL SOCIETY8.15 P.M. (Medical School.) Ancesthetics. Prof. A. M. Barrett: Phar-
macological Studies with B-adrenergic Blocking Drugs.UNIVERSITY OF ABERDEEN
5 P.M. Prof. P. N. Campbell: Some Studies on the Biosynthesis ofMilk Proteins.
Friday, 14thINSTITUTE OF LARYNGOLOGY AND OTOLOGY, 330/332 Gray’s Inn Road,
London W.C.1.5.30 P.M. Dr. G. A. S. Lloyd: Radiology of Sinus Disease.
Appointments
BOYLE, W. J., M.CH.ORTH.L’pool, F.R.C.S.E.: consultant orthopædicsurgeon, Warrington hospital group.
McNAUGHT, WILLIAM, M.D.Glasg., M.R.C.PATH. : consultant in admims-trative charge of the bacteriology laboratory, Victoria Inftrman,Glasgow and associated hospitals.
MULHOLLAND, R. C., M.B.Lond., F.R.C.S. : consultant orthopedic surgeon,Nottingham and Mansfield area.
RYDALL, R. D. H., M.B.Lond., F.F.R., D.M.R.T.: consultant radiotherapist,Liverpool Regional Radiotherapy Centre, Clatterbridge Hospital.
WESTON, P. A. M., M.B.Lond., F.R.C.S.: consultant in charge eftheaccident and emergency department, Nottingham General Hospital.
WILLIsoN, R. G., D.M.Oxon, F.R.C.P.E.: consultant and senior lecturer inapplied neurophysiology, the National Hospital for NervousDiseases and the Institute of Neurology, London.
Northern Ireland Hospitals Authority:ADGEY, A. A. J., M.B.Belf., M.R.C.P.: consultant physician with an
