LS Topic 1/Lesson 2 Notes

Classification

Biologists organize living things into groups:

This is called CLASSIFICATION (group things based on their similarities)

TAXONOMY is the science of how living things are classified. Helpful because once an organism is classified scientists will know a lot more about that organism.

Activity:KAZ is a new fish. What do you know about KAZ based on its classification?

(It lives in water, has bones, scales, gills, etc.)

Q – How would you classify a sunflower, Robin, lizard, Blue Jay and a tree?

Carolus Linnaeus – placed organisms in groups based on their observable features.

BINOMIAL NOMENCLATURE (Two name system)

Genus and species 1st word is the organisms scientific name – its Genus2nd word describes its distinctive features (where it lives or its appearance) Together the two words indicate a unique speciesspecies

This is a group of similar organisms that can mate with each other and produce offspring that can also mate and produce offspring.

Homo sapiensHomo = man sapiens = wise

(Man that is wise)

Q – What does binomial nomenclature mean?

D K P C O F G S

Domain Kingdoms Phyla Classes Order Families Genus Species

(Darling King Philip Could Order From Game Stop)

Domains and Kingdoms

Bacteria/Monera can be both Autotroph and Heterotrophs. The are prokaryotes – lack a nucleusArchaea – unicellular prokaryotes (live at the bottom of the ocean near hot springs or extreme environments). They can be both auto and hetero. Structure and chemical makeup are different then Eubacteria.

Five Kingdom System(Lowest to highest)

1. Monera – this is the simplest of organisms, almost all microscopic. Each individual is just one prokaryotic cell—has no nucleus or organelles. Some monera can produce their own food by photosynthesis, but many cannot. Bacteria and blue-green bacteria belong to the Monera kingdom.

Eukaryote – are cells that contain a nucleus.

2. Protists – eukaryotic organisms. Can not be classified in animal, plant, or protist kingdom. They are both autotrophic and heterotrophic. Most are unicellular but some can be multicelluar such as some types of algae.

3. Fungi – mushrooms, molds, mildew. Most are multicellular eukaryotes. All fungi are heteotrophs. Most feed by absorbing nutrients from dead or decaying organisms. 4. Plants – multicelluar/eukaryotes. Most live on land. They are autotrophs – make their own food.

5. Animals – are multicellular/eukaryotes. They are heterothophs because they must obtain their food.

Life Science Name: _______________________Homework Section 7 - ______

Taxonomy Worksheet

1. Define the science of Taxonomy - _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Who is known as the “Father of Taxonomy”? ___________________ ____________________________.

3. What two main categories of classification are all species named by? __________________________ and ______________________________.

4. What are the scientific names for the following animals? (You need to do some research on your computer.)

a) Human ___________________ ____________________b) Lion ___________________ ____________________c) House Cat ________________ ____________________

5. Name the FIVE Kingdoms 1. ______________________________2. ______________________________3. ______________________________4. ______________________________5. ______________________________

6. Starting with the Domain list the next seven levels of classification used by most biologists. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7. Can you make up your own mnemonic device that will help you remember this order? (Mine is King Philip Could Order From Game Stop.) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________