969VACANCIES.-BIRTHS, MARRIAGES, AND DEATHS.

PARISH OF ST. GILES INFIRMARY, Brunswick-square, Camberwell.-Assistant Medical Offioer. Salary £120 per annum, with apart-ments, board, and washing.

poPLAR HOSPITAL FOR ACCIDENTS, Poplar, E.-Assistant House Sur-geon for six months. Salary at rate of oC80 per annum, with boardand residence. ,

PRINCE OF WALES’S GENERAL HOSPITAL, Tottenham, N.-House Surgeon, House Physician, Junior House Surgeon, and JuniorHouse Physician. Salaries of two former JE75 per annum, and oftwo latter £40 per annum, with residence, board, and laundry.

REETH UNION AND RURAL DISTRICT COUNCIL, Yorkshire.-MedicalOfficer and Medical Officer of Health. Salary £95 per annum.

ROCHDALE INFIRMARY.—Junior House Surgeon, unmarried. SalaryR80 per annum, with board, residence, and laundry.

ROTHERHAM HOSPITAL AND DISPENSARY.-Assistant House Surgeon.Salary B80 per annum, with board, lodgings, and washing.

ROYAL EAR HOSPITAL, Soho.-House Surgeon. Salary £40 per annum.ROYAL HOSPITAL, Richmond, Surrey.-Assistant House Surgeon.

Salary £70 per annum, with board and apartments.ROYAL HOSPITAL FOR DISEASES OF THE CHEST, City-road, E.C.-

Clinical Pathologist. Salary 50 guineas per annum.ROYAL INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC HEALTH.—Harben Demonstrator of

Bacteriology and Comparative Pathology. Salary .E250 per annum.ROYAL LONDON OPHTHALMIC HOSPITAL, City-road, E.C.-Bacteriologist.

Salary at rate of £120 per annum, with lunch.ROYAL NATIONAL ORTHOPÆDIC HOSPITAL.-Resident House Surgeon,

unmarried. Salary £100, with rooms, board, and washing.ROYAL NAVAL MEDICAL SERVICE.—Examination for Fifteen Com-

missions.SALFORD ROYAL HOSPITAL.-House Surgeon for six months. Salary at

rate of :E60 per annum, with board and residence.SEAMEN’S HOSPITAL SOCIETY. DREADNOUGHT HOSPITAL, Greenwich,

S.E.-Assistant Physician.SHEFFIELD ROYAL HOSPITAL.—Assistant House Physician, unmarried.

Salary B50 per annum, with board, lodging, and washing.SHEFFIELD UNIVERSITY. -Demonstrator in Anatomy. Salary £150

per annum.SOUTHAMPTON. ROYAL SOUTH HANTS AND SOUTHAMPTON HOSPITAL.-

Junior House Surgeon for six months. Salary J!,60 per annum,with rooms, board, and washing.

SOUTHWARK UNION INFIRMARY, East Dulwich-grove, S.E.-AssistantMedical Officer. Salary £100 per annum, with board, lodging, andwashing.

STAFFORD, STAFFORDSHIRE GENERAL INFIRMARY.-Assistant HouseSurgeon. Salary £82 per annum, with board, residence, andlaundry.

STOKE-ON-TRENT, NORTH STAFFORDSHIRE INFIRMARY AND EYE HOS-PITAL, Hartshill.-House Physician. Salary £100 per annum, withapartments, board, and washing.

STOW-ON-THE-WOLD RURAL DISTRICT COUNCIL.—Medical Officer ofHealth. Salary £50 per annum.

’TAUNTON, TAUNTON AND SOMERSET HOSPITAL.-Resident AssistantHouse Surgeon for six months. Salary at rate of .e50 per annum,with board, lodging, and laundry.

THROAT HOSPITAL, Golden-square, W.-Resident House Surgeon.Salary R75 per annum, with board and laundry.

UNIVERSITY COLLEGE HOSPITAL.-Mechanical Assistant in Electro-

Radiographic Department. Salary £78 per annum, with dinner andtea.

YORK COUNTY HOSPITAL.-House Surgeon. Salary £I00 per annum,with board, residence, and washing.

YORK DISPENSARY.—Two Resident Medical Officers, unmarried.Salary jE130 per annum, with board, lodging, and attendance.

THE Chief Inspector of Factories, Home Office, London, S.W., givesnotice of vacancies as Certifying Surgeons under the Factory andWorkshop Act at Ballycastle, in the county of Antrim; at Brackley,in the county of Northampton ; at Milnathort, in the county ofKinross ; at Salford, in the county of Lancaster; at Henley-on-Thames, in the county of Oxford; at Portishead, in the county ofSomerset; and at Denbigh, in the county of Denbigh.

Births, Marriages, and Deaths.BIRTHS.

MASTERMAN.-On March 5th, at Jerusalem, the wife of E. W. G.Masterman, M.D., F.R.C.S., Medical Superintendent of the EnglishMission Hospital, Jerusalem, of a son.

REINHARDT.-On March 24th, at South Eaton-place, Eaton-square,S.W., to Dr. and Mrs. Charles Reinhardt-a son (Patrick Hope).

WEBLEY.-On Feb. 19th, at Negritos, Peru, South America, the wife ofArthur S. Webley, L.R.C.P., M.R.C.S., of a son.

MARRIAGES.BARK-OLIVER.-On March 10th, at St. Luke’s, Walton, Liverpool, by

the Rev. G. H. Casson, C.M.S., Uganda. Ernest Gilbert Bark, M.B.,B.S. Lond., of Liscard, Cheshire, elder son of Ernest Bark,M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., of Handswortb, Birmingham, to Emily,daughter of Mrs. Oliver, of Walton, and of the late William Oliver.

JAMIESON—GUNN.—At West Coates Parish Church, Edinburgh, onMarch 16th, 1910, by the Rev. Dr. Forrest, John Alexander Jamieson,M.B., Ch.B. Edin., to Christina Sinclair, elder daughter of JamesGunn, Esq., 8, Henderland-road, Murrayfield, Edinburgh.

DEATHS.BEODIE.—On March 12th, at West Ealing, from pneumonia, William

Haig Brodie, M.D. Edin., M.R.C.P. Lond., F.R.C.S. Eng., D.P.H.,aged 53 years.

CHEADLE.—On March 25th, at Portman-street, W., Walter ButlerCheadle, M.A., M.D., F.R.C.P., F.R.G.S., in his 75th year.N.B:-A fee of 5s. is charged for the Insertion of Notices of Births,

Marriages, and Deaths.

Notes, Short Comments, and Answersto Correspondents.

MEDICAL PRACTICE IN BASUTOLAND : AN INTERESTINGREPORT.

THE report on the Blue-book of Basutoland for the year 1908-09, which hasjust been presented to Parliament, contains a medical section of unusualinterest. It appears that there has been a considerable increase inthe smuggling of spirits into the territory, and also that a new formof intoxicant has been introduced from Bechuanaland during the lastfew years. The local name for this is " Qadi " ; it is said to be madefrom ants’ eggs. It has been found necessary to prohibit its use onthe Government Reserve owing to its demoralising effect; it producesviolent intoxication, and is said seriously to impair the intellects ofthose who use it habitually. Mr. Edward C. Long, the principalmedical officer, comments on the remarkable increase in the work ofhis department in recent years. Prior to 1890 there were residentmedical officers at Maseru and Leribe, a medical missionary sub-sidised by the Government at Mohales Hoek, and at Mafeteng amedical practitioner from Wepener attended the dispensary once aweek. At all these stations free dispensaries for natives were main-tained at Government expense. At first but few natives availedthemselves of this privilege and the duties ofthe medical officers werelight. In 1890 and 1891 resident medical officers were stationed at

Mafeteng and Mohales Hoek respectively. From the latter station

Quthing was visited once a fortnight. In 1896 a resident medicalofficer was placed there. The free dispensaries were inauguratedwith the idea of combating witchcraft, which was much practisedthroughout the territory. The people at first regarded the innova-tion with suspicion and disfavour, but soon began to appreciate itsadvantag s, and the number of patients increased rapidly. As years

passed it was found that the privilege of free treatment was beingabused ; it was therefore determined to impose a fee of 6d. for eachattendance at the dispensary. The annual attendance was at thisdate about 20,000 and the revenue derived from the department nil.The following year the attendance fell to 9000, but has increased yearby year, being at the present date over 36,000, the revenue beingabout f:800. In the period about 1890 medical officers had their ownprivate stock of drugs which they used for the few Europeanresidents. The system gave rise to a belief in the native mindthat the Government drugs were of an inferior quality, andpeople frequently requested to be treated by the medical officer

at his own house. To encourage such a prejudice would have defeatedthe object with which the dispensaries were inaugurated. Themedical officers were therefore instructed to use Government drugsfor private work and refund monthly the value of the drugs thusused. This action quickly abolished the prejudice against the

Government dispensaries. In 1890 there was practically no

accommodation for in-patients except two small rooms attachedto the Maseru dispensary and a couple of native huts at Leribe.It was generally supposed that natives would be deterred bysuperstitious fears from submitting to hospital treatment, but adetermined effort was made in the face of great difficulties and

discouragement to disprove this and develop some sort of hospitalwork. It was felt that if the policy aimed at by the Governmentwas to be realised it would be greatly assisted by such means. The’actual accommodation at this time was of the meanest description.At Mafeteng for upwards of a year a disused stable was theonly building available. There were no hospital attendants and

no water-supply. If an operation was performed the dispensaryhad to be cleared for the purpose and the medical officer’s writing-table of the morning was the operation-table of the afternoon.There were no beds and no bedding. Patients lay on mud floors

in their own blankets, and their relatives or friends nursed them asthey could. From year to year small sums were granted to improveexisting buildings and to erect additional accommodation, which, how-ever, continued to be of the most primitive nature. In 1897 a grant off:400 was made for building what were by courtesy called operationrooms at four stations. Some native hospital attendants, a few

blankets, and surgical appliances were also provided, and the lack ofaccommodation eked out by a supply of tents. The applications forhospital treatment continued to increase, and as only surgical caseswere admitted the buildings became, if possible, every year more andmore unsuited for the purpose for which they were being used. In1903 the first real advance towards providing suitable accommodationfor in-patients was made by the erection at Maseru of a properly builtand equipped hospital of 30 beds. An adequate staff, including twotrained European nurses, was also provided. The wisdom of this

policy was soon manifested; the institution rapidly became popularwith the natives, and the beds were always filled. The same liberal

policy was pursued in providing hospitals at ’Leribe in 1906, andlast year at Mafeteng, while one now in course of erection at

Mohales Hoek will be shortly ready for occupation. A small

970 NOTES, SHORT COMMENTS, AND ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.

hospital of eight beds has also been put up at Quthing. Theaccommodation at Maseru has been found insufficient, and the pro-vision of 16 additional beds is contemplated. In 1908 an X raysinstallation was provided at Maseru and has proved of great value.The number of in-patients has risen from 280 in 1899 to 1070 lastyear. Some criticism has been levelled against the policy of pro-viding first-class accommodation for natives, especially the provisionof proper bedding and hospital clothing, and it has been assertedthat some simpler accommodation would have met the needs of thecase. Five years’ experience at Maseru has shown that suchcriticism is not justifiable. The accommodation and equipment areonly such as are necessary to carry out modern surgical methods.There is, moreover, the great educational advantage and eivilisinginfluence of compelling all who are admitted into hospital to submitto hospital cleanliness and hospital discipline. Although the equip-ment is of the best, the patients are not in any sense coddled. Strict

discipline is maintained, and the diet is adapted to the social conditionof the inmates. Prompt eviction follows any failure to con-

form to the rules of the institutions. The work of the

medical department has grown in other directions. In former

years the Government employees, who are all entitled to freemedical attendance and medicine, were few in number and mostlyunmarried men. At the present day there are over 200 Europeans inreceipt of such free attendance. Questions relating to sanitation andpublic health, which were formerly ignored, now claim a good dealof time and attention. Basutoland is still without any ordinance

bearing on sanitation and public health. The unqualified practice ofmedicine continues throughout the territory, and the annual sumpaid by the people to those who impose on .them would doubtlesssuffice to maintain two or three Government institutions. The

general health of the territory has been good and there have been noepidemics of importance.

WANTED-TREATMENT FOR "BILIOUS HEADACHE."

"SUBSCRIBER" writes:—"At present I have three female patients,two married with children and one unmarried-the two married areabout 38 years of age and the unmIWried 43. They suffer weekly orfortnightly from severe headaches followed by bilious vomitingwhich lasts from one to two days. I have tried dieting, magnesiaand grey powders, citrate of magnesia, citrate of caffeine, bismuth,soda, iron, and arsenic. In the intervals between the attacks the

patients are perfectly well and all their organs seem sound. Ishould be grateful for suggestions for treatment."

CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE WELLCOME RESEARCHLABORATORIES.

AMONGST the recent researches which form a valuable feature of thework of the Wellcome Laboratories we have received reports uponthe following: 11 The Tests for Purity of Quinine Salts," by FrankTutin; " The Configuration of Tropine and &psgr;-tropine and the resolu-tion of Atropine," by Marmaduke Barrowcliff and Frank Tutin;"The Constituents of the Fruit of Ecballium Elaterium," byFrederick B. Power, Ph.D., and Charles W. Moore, Ph.D. ; 11 Syn-theses in the Epinephrine Series," by Frank Tutin, Frederic W.

Caton, and Archie C. 0. Hann; "Chemical Examination of Jalap,"by Frederick B. Power. Ph.D., and Harold Rogerson, M.Se.; and"The Chemical Examination of Elaterium and the Characters of

Elaterin," by Frederick B. Power, Ph.D., and Charles W. Moore.

THE HOSPITAL GAZETTES.

THE pièce de résistance in the Charing Cross Hospital Gazette (March)is a paper on the Mind of a Child by Dr. David Forsyth. The

doings of the hospital football team occupy a good proportion of

the remaining pages.-As was to be expected, Guy’s HospitalGazette (March 19th) also devotes a fair amount of attention to gamesand includes accounts of the victorious semi-final and final ties forthe Rugby Cup as well as that of the semi-final for the SurreyCounty Association Football Cup, which was won by Guy’s againstTownley Park after a hard game by 4 goals to 2. Mr. P. H. Wardwrites from a mission station in Rhodesia an account of a 12 hours’

night journey through the bush in the rainy season to the assistanceof a parturient woman only to find a "B.B.A." when he arrived.It is an interesting sketch of frontier practice.-The London HospitaiGazette (March) is to be complimented upon the production 01an ingenious piece of foolery in connexion with a widely-circulated"picture-puzzle" advertisement on a page apparently producedwith the collusion-of the advertisers.-In the magazine of the .LondonSchool of Medicine for Women (February) Dr. F. Murray contribute!some notes on the Practical Application of Swedish Medica

Gymnastics and Massage to some Forms of Deformity and Diseaseand an interesting series of topical articles reflects brightly the socialife of the school and hospital.-To the Middlesex Hospital Journa(March) Mr. A. Pearce Gould contributes some Notes on the Work o:Ambrose Parey, and Dr. A. 0. English edits Harvey’s account of th(Autopsy of Old Parr, who, as many people know, is supposed to havelived until his 153rd year after habitually drinking sour milk and t(have succumbed at last to the ill-considered hospitality of a nobleman-St. Bartholomew’s Hospital Journal (March) contains an accoun

of the patron saint of the hospital, with a plate illustrating MarcD’Agrate’s somewhat unpleasant statue of the saint carrying his ownskin which stands in Milan Cathedral. " D. M. S." contributes an

exciting yachting experience, and " A. B. P. S." a smart copy ofverses.-St. George’s Hospital Gazette (March) also prints verses inwhich " G. D. H. C." shows the unexpected metrical potentialities ofmedical nomenclature :—

With micro-organisms next you soon get quite familiar,Bacillus enteritidis, B. coli, and B.D.,The Diplococcus intracellularis meningitidis,The Treponema pallidum (a Protozoon, he !)Pathologists will tell you of the Endotheliomata,Of Lymphatism, Leukanæmia, Splenomegaly;Of Hypertrophic Pulmonary Osteo-arthropathy,And of Telangiectases, whatever they may be !

"

It reads like an incantation.-St. Mary’s Hospital Gazette (March)contains an extract from the Diary of a Ship’s Doctor, following ona paper bearing the curious title of " The Sieve," by Dr. M. Handfield-Jones.-To St. Thomas’s Hospital Gazette (March) Mr. G. H. Makinscontributes some interesting Impressions of American Surgery,recently acquired at Rochester, U.S.A., Chicago, Cleveland, and Balti-more. Of Crile he says: " I saw him do a number of operations,amongst which I may mention as novelties two extensive extirpationsof the breast and axillary glands, the wounds in which were leftentirely open, in order to allow of direct exposure of the tissues tothe action of the X rays. Dr. Crile spoke hopefully of this method,but said it was in the experimental stage."

BOVRIL PICTURES.

WE have received from Bovril, Limited, a signed artist’s proof of theirlatest bonus picture, which is an excellent reproduction of an oilpainting by W. Hatherell, R.I., entitled "The Vicar of Wakefield,"which was exhibited in the Royal Academy in 1909. The size of the

gravure is about 30 x 16 inches and of the paper about 40 x 30inches. Messrs. C. W. Faulkner and Co., Ltd., who are responsiblefor the gravure, are to be congratulated upon the excellence of thereproduction. We have also received three other good reproductionsof pictures, two by Mr. Hatherell, of which one is entitled " The King’sDerby (1909)" and the other "John Wesley," and one by ArthurDrummond entitled " This Little Piggie."

FORMULA, INDICATIONS AND DOSES.Mr. E. Merck of Darmstadt and 16, Jewry-street, London, E.C., hasissued a useful compilation of recent pharmaceutical preparations,and more particularly those to which special attention is given bythis firm. The preparations are arranged in alphabetical order andreference to them is made serviceable by the inclusion of a thera-peutic index.

0

Mac.-Our correspondent is advised to have nothing to do with such apublication. His friend should consult a medical man.

Medical Diary for the ensuing Week.SOCIETIES.

ROYAL SOCIETY OF MEDICINE, 20, Hanover-square, W.MONDAY.

ODONTOLOGICAL SECTION (Hon. Secretaries-D. P. Gabell, E. B.Dowsett, J. Howard Mummery) at 15, Cavendish-square, W.:at 8 P.M.

.Paper: :Dr. R. Ackerley : Observations on the Condition of the Mouth

in 1000 Consecutive Cases of Chronic Disease.Casual Communications: :Mr. Herbert Tilley : Two Cases of Suppurating Dental Cysts

Invading the Antrum.Mr. W. de C. Prideaux: (1) A Case of Vertical Fracture through

’, the Mandible and Canine Tooth; (2) A Case of Rupture ofa Gastric Ulcer while in a Dental Chair.

THURSDAY.EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SECTION (Hon. Secretaries-W. H. Hamer,

G. S. Buchanan) at 15, Cavendish-square, W.: at 8.30 P.M.Paper :Dr. Niven: Summer Diarrhoea and Enteric Fever.

FRIDAY.CLINICAL SECTION (Hon. Secretaries: H. D. Rolleston, Albert

Carless) at 15, Cavendish-square, W.: at 8.30 P.M.Cases: :Dr. Finzi (with Mr. Gordon Watson) : A Case of Epithelioma of

the Lip treated with Radium (shown a year ago).Dr. Finzi (with Dr. William Hill) Malignant Growth of Neck

treated with Radium, with Recurrence in Mediastinum.Mr. Charters Symonds : Rodent Ulcer treated by Radium (shown

before).Dr. Jacob : Acholuric Jaundice.Dr. Hertz and Dr. F. S. Adams: Formation of Gallstones

containing Typhoid Bacilli within 68 Days of the Onsetof Typhoid Fever.

And other Cases.