NOTES: The Muscular System (Ch 6, part 3)
MAJOR SKELETAL MUSCLES
*the names of muscles
often describe
them…a name may
indicate a muscle’s indicate a muscle’s
relative size, shape,
location, action,
number of
attachments, or the
direction of its fibers.*
MAJOR SKELETAL MUSCLES
Examples:
• Triceps brachii: having 3 heads (triceps) or points
of origin and located in the brachium (arm).
• Pectoralis minor: of small size (minor) located in
the pectoral region (chest).the pectoral region (chest).
• Zygomaticus: located over the zygomatic bone in
the face.
• Internal (abdominal) obliques: Located near the
inside with fibers that run obliquely (in a slanting
direction).
���� Muscles of Facial Expression:
● lie beneath the skin of the face and scalp and are used to communicate emotion through facial expression
Epicranius
(composed of two parts:
the FRONTALIS and the occipitalis)
���� Muscles of Facial Expression:
Orbicularis oculi
Orbicularis oris
Zygomaticus
PlatysmaPlatysma
Buccinator
���� Muscles of Mastication:
● these muscles attach to the mandible and are used in chewing
Masseter
TemporalisTemporalis
���� Muscles that move the head:
● muscles in the neck and upper back used to move the head
Sternocleidomastoid
���� Muscles that move the
pectoral girdle:● most of these connect the scapula to nearby
bones and closely associate with muscles that move the arm
TrapeziusTrapezius
Rhomboideus major
Levator scapulae
Serratus anterior
Pectoralis minor
���� Muscles that move the arm:
● these muscles connect the humerus to various regions of the pectoral girdle, ribs, and vertebral column
Coracobrachialis Pectoralis major Coracobrachialis Pectoralis major
Teres major Supraspinatus
Latissimus dorsi Subscapularis
Deltoid Teres minor
Infraspinatus
���� Muscles that move the
forearm:
● these muscles connect the radius and ulna to the humerus or pectoral girdle
Biceps brachii BrachioradialisBrachialis SupinatorBrachialis Supinator
Triceps brachii Pronator teres
Pronator quadratus
���� Muscles that move the wrist,
hand, and fingers:
Flexor carpi radialis
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Flexor digitorum Flexor digitorum profundus
Palmaris longus
Extensor carpi radialis
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Extensor digitorum
���� Muscles of the abdominal wall:
● these muscles connect the rib cage and vertebral column to the pelvic girdle.
External oblique
Internal oblique
Transversus abdominis
Rectus abdominis
External intercostals
Internal intercostals
Diaphragm
���� Muscles that move the thigh:
● these muscles attach to the femur and to some part of the pelvic girdle.
Psoas major IliacusPsoas major Iliacus
Gluteus maximus Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Tensor fasciae latae
Adductor longus Adductor magnus
Gracilis
���� Muscles that move the leg:
● these muscles connect the tibia or fibula to the femur or pelvic girdle.
Hamstring group (composed of 3 parts):
-Biceps femoris-Biceps femoris
-Semitendinosus
-Semimembranosus
Sartorius
���� Muscles that move the leg:
Quadriceps femoris group (composed of 4 parts):
-rectus femoris
-vastus lateralis-vastus lateralis
-vastus medialis
-vastus intermedius
���� Muscles that move the ankle, foot, and toes:
● these muscles attach the femur, tibia, and fibula to bones of the foot.
Tibialis anteriorPeroneus tertius
Extensor digitorum longusExtensor digitorum longus
GastrocnemiusSoleusFlexor digitorum longus
Tibialis posterior
Peroneus longus