Notes1. Intro. Migration is a Global Phenomenon.21May2012

7/23/2019 Notes1. Intro. Migration is a Global Phenomenon.21May2012

1/35

Philippine Policies on Contract Work

(PhilCon)

De La Salle-College of St. Benilde

6:00-:00 P!." !on.#Wed.Lilia Casano$a

1


2/35

Introduction:Migration is a Global Phenomenon

% UN Findings: The number of international

migrants around the world has expanded very

rapidly over the past decade.

% 196 million people around the world areno& li$ing o'tside the co'ntr in &hich

the &ere orn. (*+ ,igh Coission onef'gees" /00)

2


3/35

!igrationis a Global Phenomenon

% 6 illion intl igrants - represent ao't

1 2 of the &orld3s pop'lation (/00)

% 4his eans that as of /00" one person

out of 30 is an international migrant.

3


4/35

!igration is a 5loal Phenoenon

!igration has ecoe a gloal

phenoenon.

4he increase in igration has led to

h'an trafficking and e7ploitation.

4


5/35

Migration is a GlobalPhenomenon

e! "uestions :

What are the reasons &h people are

copelled to igrate8

What are the ipacts of igration8

What are the iss'es ehind igration

and ho& can these e addressed8

5


6/35


e! "uestions:

What are soe asic concepts ao't

igration8

What is the relationship:

- Between migration and trade?

Between migration and poverty?

Between migration and gender? Between migration and human rights?

Between migration and family life?

6


7/35


Main reasons for mo#ement $I%M&:

'ccording to the I%M( there are ) mainreasons wh! people mo#e out of theirhome countries:

7


8/35


!ain reasons for migration "

() 9conoic reasons: Differentials inli$ing standards aong co'ntries and

(/) Social reasons: Proles of h'an

sec'rit in different parts of the &orld

8


9/35


#er $%!: ;People tend to o$e onl &hen

their sit'ation and that of their failies fall

elo& a critical threshold of tolerance"

elo& &hich the no longer percei$e

possiilities of s'r$i$al according to local

nors of safet" dignit and &ell-eing.

9


10/35


4herefore: When people


11/35

!igration as a 5loal Phenoenon

*ommon specific reasons that compel migration $I%M&: Push+actors

&. $ncreased armed violence ' (umanitarian

). *thnic and racial conflict ' (umanitarian

+. ,evelopmentinduced ' (umanitariandisplacement

-. *conomic insecurity ' *conomic

. Features of globali/ation '*conomic

0. *nvironmental degradation ' 1onscience

2. 3argescale corruption ' 1onscience4. ,enial of democracy ' #olitical

11


12/35

=nternational !igration 4rends

Other reasons for migration: PullFactors

9. Family decision} A new environment

10. To study or get training } Personaladvancement

11. To get married } Personal

advancement12. Social, economic and health

ene!ts }Personal"#amily advancement

12


13/35


Impacts of migration:

!oti$ate the need to protect and help people

&ho igrate - a task that re>'ires indi#idual

,tates and international institutions tocooperate and act collecti#el!.

!ost international igrants are fro

de$eloping co'ntries 't igration does not?'st occ'r fro the So'th to the +orth.

13


14/35


$mpacts of migration "

602 of igrants li$e in the ost

de$eloped co'ntries @02 li$e in less

de$eloped co'ntries.

!igration also occ'rs &ithin and#or

et&een de$eloping co'ntries.

(!igration eport" /00A)

14


15/35



=ncrease in transnational migration.ccording to the *+ report on !igration

(/00A)" instead of people igrating

peranentl to one location" people are

igrating ore and ore on a teporar"

seasonal and circ'lar asis (o$ing ackand forth).

15


16/35



-omenno& ake 'p @2 of igrants&orld&ide and ore than A02 are in sia"9'rope" Latin erica" +orth erica and

ceania. (=L)

16


17/35



!igrant &orkers send hoe e$er ear,/)0 billion in remittances( orethan all official de$elopent assistance

and foreign direct in$estent p't together.

(=L)

17


18/35



De$eloping co'ntries lose 0-102 of

skilled &orkers and professionalsthro'gh rain drain.

Least de$eloped co'ntries are ost

affected. (=L)

18


19/35



es'lts in high le$el laor arket

discriination against igrant &orkers in

ind'strialied co'ntries. .. =L st'dies

indicate that ore than 102 of >'alified

iigrant applicants&ere 'nfairl

e7cl'ded in ?o selection proced'res.(=L" /00A)

19


20/35


-hat are the global forces that

influence migration

20


21/35


The global forces that influence migration:

4he rise of ne& inforation and

co'nication technologies and

Changes in gloal transportation

21


22/35


-ho are migrants

$1&2efugees : People &ho are forced to

lea$e their hoes d'e to fear ofpersec'tion for reasons of race" religion"

nationalit" social or political affiliation.

22


23/35


4here are at least 1) million registeredrefugees worldwide. (!a e highereca'se people don


24/35


5ho are migrants? "

$)& 's!lum seeers: People &ho ha$efled to another co'ntr &here the ha$eapplied for state protection claiing

ref'gee stat's" 't ha$e not recei$ed a

final decision on their application.

24


25/35


5ho are migrants? "

%4here are soe @"000 asl' seekers&orld&ide. (W," /001)

25


26/35


5ho are migrants "

$3& 4e#elopment displaced persons:re people &ho ha$e o$ed as a res'lt of

policies and pro?ects 'ndertaken in the

nae of de$elopent. (97: da and

road constr'ction" 'ran rene&al" ining

and deforestation" estalishent ofconser$ation parks#reser$es and iosphere

pro?ects.)

26


27/35


5ho are migrants "

$5& Internall! displaced persons$I4Ps&: repeople &ho are forced torelocate &ithin their o&n State eca'se of

circ'stances s'ch as &ar" ci$il conflict

and political persec'tion.

27


28/35


5ho are migrants "

D'ring the 0s" soe 0 - 00 illion

people aro'nd the &orld &ere displaced

as a res'lt of infrastr'ct're de$elopent

pro?ects. (W," /001)

4here are at least /0 to /A illion

=nternall Displaced People (=DPs)&orld&ide. (W," /001)

28


29/35


5ho are migrants "

$& Migrant worers : People &ho &orkin a state other than their co'ntr of origin

or nationalit. f soe EA illion

igrants in the &orld" soe /0 illion

(ao't E02) are igrant &orkers and theirfailies (W," /001):

29


30/35


umber of migrant worers in differentparts of the world $-7% )003&:

frica: /0 illion

+orth erica: F illion

Central G So'th erica: / illion

So'th and 9ast sia: E illion

!iddle 9ast: illion9'rope: 10 illion (/ illion in W.9'rope

alone)

30


31/35


*ategor! of migrants

31


32/35


Permanent migrants !a?or categor in Canada. B't there is no

coon legal definition of a peranent igrant.

4he practice of defining iigrant categories">'alifications and treatent $aries fro co'ntr

to co'ntr.

=n general" co'ntries are ecoing oreselecti$e in ters of gender and age &hen it

coes to international laor igration.


33/35


8emporar! contract worers

%4his is the most common categor! ofdocumented labor migrants.

% 4he are allo&ed to enter a co'ntr for a

liited period of tie or 'ntil their contract

e7pires.

33


34/35


% !ost teporar &orkers are lo& skilled and

recr'ited to &ork in seasonal occ'pations

s'ch as agric'lt're and constr'ction

others are lo&-paid" less-skilled ?os incleaning and aintenance" doestic

ser$ices and health care.

% Later" recr'itent has incl'ded high-skilled inforation technolog trained

personnel and other professionals.

34


35/35


5ho are migrants "

$6& +oreign students: People &ho o$e toenefit fro acadeic progras and

opport'nities offered co'ntries anded'cational instit'tions.

4he .,. is the most popular destination(

&ith alost A.AA illion foreign st'dentsenrolled in *.S. 'ni$ersities d'ring the /000-

/00 acadeic ear.

35

Date post:	13-Feb-2018
Category:	Documents
Upload:	ryanna-ang-angco
View:	214 times
Download:	0 times

Notes1. Intro. Migration is a Global Phenomenon.21May2012

Documents